Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar,...
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Transcript of Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar,...
![Page 1: Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/55168a22550346a2698b6180/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Enzymes
![Page 2: Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/55168a22550346a2698b6180/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Enzyme Active Site• Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions,• Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions
![Page 3: Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/55168a22550346a2698b6180/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Enzyme Active Site• Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions,• Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions
![Page 4: Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/55168a22550346a2698b6180/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Enzymes• Lock and Key Analogy: lock = enzyme, key = substrate.
![Page 5: Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/55168a22550346a2698b6180/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Enzymes• Lock and Key Analogy: lock = enzyme, key = substrate.
![Page 6: Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/55168a22550346a2698b6180/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Induced Fit Theory• Enzyme is not rigid, changes shape with substrate.
![Page 7: Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/55168a22550346a2698b6180/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Induced Fit Theory• Enzyme is not rigid, changes shape with substrate.
![Page 8: Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/55168a22550346a2698b6180/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Enzymes - Cofactors• Coenzymes (contain a vitamin) or metal ion
![Page 9: Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/55168a22550346a2698b6180/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Enzymes - Cofactors• Metal ions present in trace amounts
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Enzymes - Cofactors• Metal ions present in trace amounts
![Page 11: Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/55168a22550346a2698b6180/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Enzyme Cofactors• Coenzyme - non protein organic, maybe a vitamin.
![Page 12: Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/55168a22550346a2698b6180/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Enzyme Cofactors• Coenzyme - non protein organic, maybe a vitamin.
![Page 13: Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/55168a22550346a2698b6180/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Enzyme Cofactors• Coenzyme - non protein organic, maybe a vitamin.
![Page 14: Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/55168a22550346a2698b6180/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Enzymes
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Enzymes - Activity• Temperature and pH effect enzyme action
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Enzymes - Activity• Temperature and pH effect enzyme action
![Page 17: Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/55168a22550346a2698b6180/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Enzymes - Activity• Enzyme and substrate concentrations
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Enzymes - Inhibitors• Nonspecific - denaturation, pH, temperature
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Enzyme Inhibitors• Noncompetitive
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Enzyme Inhibitors• Competive - mimic substrate, may block active site, but may
dislodge it.
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Enzyme Inhibitors• Competive - mimic substrate, may block active site, but
may dislodge it.
![Page 22: Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/55168a22550346a2698b6180/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Enzyme Inhibitors
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Enzyme Inhibitors• Irreversible - covalently binds to active site
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Enzyme Inhibitors• Regulator or feedback - used to control a sequence of reactions - reaction product may block initial enzyme.
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Enzyme Inhibitors• Regulator or feedback - used to control a sequence of reactions - reaction product may block initial enzyme.
![Page 26: Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/55168a22550346a2698b6180/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Enzyme Inhibitors
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Enzyme Inhibitors
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Drugs as Enzyme Inhibitors• Drug mimics some natural chemical to block enzyme.
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Drugs as Enzyme Inhibitors• Drug mimics some natural chemical to block enzyme.