Enzyme specificity types and applications
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Transcript of Enzyme specificity types and applications
Enzyme specificity Types of Enzyme specificity
1. Absolute
2. Broad
Absolute Specificity of Enzymes
eg Fumarase & Aspartase exhibits rigid & geometrical specificity
Enzyme specificity• Absolute Specificity Of Enzymes
Fumarase dose not react with Maleate (cis isomers of Fumarate )
Enzyme specificity
Absolute specificity of enzymes
Aspartase dose not react with D-Aspartate ,OR Maleate –CIS isomer with FUMARATE
Enzyme specificity
Broad Specificity of enzymes
1. eg Chymotrypsin hydrolyses peptide bond (carboxyl group contributed by phenylalanine, Tyrosine, Tryptophan)
2. Intestinal Phosphatase –hydrolysis of esters of phosphoric acid
Broad specificity of ChymotrypsinHydrolysis of peptide bonds by Chymotrypsin
• A1—A2-----------------------------A4 ----A5--COOH
• A1—A2-----------------------------A4 ----A5—COOH
• A1—A2-----------------------------A4 ----A5--COOH
• Site of cleavage by chymotrypsin
PHENYLALANINE
TYROSINE
TRYPTOPHAN
Applications of Enzyme Specificity 1.Lock & key relationship between the substrate & specific area on
the enzyme
2.Substrate structural features
(a) bonding group or functional group
( b) susceptible bond
Enzyme structural features
(a) positioning site Active site
(b) catalytic site
Mapping of enzyme active site-needed for drug designing
Mapping Of Enzyme Active Site
• Substrate of Chymotrypsin = hydrophobic positioning group + susceptible acyl bond
• Active site of Chymotrypsin =positioning group + catalytic site
• Positioning group can be attributed by hydrophobic /aromatic ring of amide ,esters ,amino acids ( Phe,Trp,Tyr )