Enzyme Catalysis Lab

Goals for the Day

1. Describe what an enzyme is and what it does

2. Be able to define activation energy

3. Discuss why enzymes are important in our bodies and in other organisms

Question of the Day

• Draw a basic chemical equation/reaction

• You do not have to use specific elements or compounds, you may just use letters such as A, B

Chemical reactions require energy to start

Example of a chemical equationReactants Product

NaCl Na + Cl The arrow is like an equals sign

What does activate mean?

Activation Energy is the energy needed to start a reaction

Getting out of bed in the morning - Energy is needed to activate yourselfEnergy comes in many forms!!!!!!!!

Activation Energy is the energy needed to start a reaction

EN

ER

GY

TIME

ACTIVATION ENERGY

Products

Reactants

A car has been running for a while you turn it off and open the hood.

You touch the engine what happens? What does it feel like?

The reactions need a high temperature to run.

Why? What is heat?

What does the heat represent in this

situation?

Reactions in your body also require a high temp.

Does your body get as hot as the car engine?

What would happen if your body was this

hot?

Enzymes

Enzyme – A protein that acts as a catalyst

Catalyst – a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being used up or destroyed.

Enzymes are responsible for most chemical reactions in living things.

Enzymes

How does an enzyme speed up a chemical reaction?

ENZYMES speed up a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy (the amount of energy required to start a reaction)

Enzymes

ENZYMES speed up a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy (the amount of energy required to start a reaction)

EN

ER

GY

TIME

ACTIVATION ENERGY

Products

Reactants

ACTIVATION ENERGY with ENZYME

Enzymes

Why do we put the enzyme above the arrow, and not on the side of

the reactants or products?

Example of a chemical equationReactants Product

AB A + BENZYME

Enzymes do not ever get used up. Enzymes do not die, but they can

denature (become unusable, ruined, no longer work)

Three things that effect enzyme activity1. Temperature2. pH (acidic or basic)3. Concentration (how many enzymes are working)

Catalase2H2O2

Catalase2H2O + O2

Enzymes

Anabolic Enzyme – helps to build a molecule

Example of reaction helped by anabolic enzymes: Photosynthesis

Enzymes

Catabolic Enzyme – helps to break something down

Example of reactions helped by catabolic enzymes:Digestion

Catalase2H2O2

Catalase2H2O + O2

Enzymes

Catabolic Enzyme – helps to break something down

Example of reactions helped by catabolic enzymes:Digestion

Catalase2H2O2

Catalase2H2O + O2

Hydrogen peroxide is produced naturally in living organisms during several chemical reactions, and therefore most living organisms also have catalase to break it down.

How Beano Works: Complex indigestible sugars found in many plant products such as beans, cabbage, broccoli, onions, soy products, and others can ferment in your digestive system releasing gas in the form of flatulence. The enzyme in Bean-zyme breaks these sugars down into less complex sugars that the human body can digest, thus reducing or eliminating the intestinal gas formed. The enzyme is made from a safe food grade mold.

Energy Absorbed

Energy Released

When you make a molecule the molecule absorbs energy.

Energy! Na + Cl NaCl

Energy Absorbed

Energy Released