Environments and Primary Productivity. Environments Pelagic……the water Neritic – over...
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Environments and Primary Productivity
Environments
Pelagic……the water Neritic – over continental shelf Oceanic
Epipelagic: down to 200 m Mesopelagic: 200-1000 m Bathypelagic: 1000-4000 m
Benthic…..the bottom
200 m
Neritic
1000 m
4000 m
200 m
Oceanic
Epipelagic
Mesopelagic
Bathypelagic
Light zones in ocean
Photic Light for photosynthesis Usually 0-100 m
Aphotic Without light Deeper than 1000 m
Benthic Environment
Similar zones as pelagic Omit details and new names
Making a living in the ocean
Primary productivity, respiration, decomposition
Depth zone differences
Differences between “climate” zones
Food chains and food webs
Primary productivity
Photosynthesiscarbon dioxide + water
sugar + oxygen
Chemosynthesishydrogen sulfide + water + oxygen + carbon dioxide
sugar + sulfuric acid
Primary productivity: rate at which biomass is produced by photosynthesis or chemosynthesis
Respiration and decay
Basically the opposite of photosynthesis
Releases nutrients back into the ocean
Uses oxygen (consider other sources of oxygen to the ocean)
Oxygen with depth (red)Nutrients with depth ( green)
Relate pattern to photosynthesis, respiration, decay and other processes
Example of primary producers
Algae Diatoms Coccolithophores Dinoflagellates
Basis of food webs and ecosystems
Variations in productivity verses latitude Photic zone important for photosynthesis
Some areas of ocean are light limited, some are nutrient limited, some are both
Pictures can tell the story of relationships Polar region Equatorial region Temperate region of ocean
Global ocean productivity: What causes this pattern?
Food webs and chains
Efficiency of energy transfer:Relate to number of trophic levels
Upwelling region
Coastal region
Open ocean