Environmentally friendly techniques in Textiles
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Transcript of Environmentally friendly techniques in Textiles
Environmentally Friendly Environmentally Friendly Techniques in TextilesTechniques in Textiles
Dr Arun Kanti GuhaDr Arun Kanti GuhaAssistant ProfessorAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Department of Textile Engineering, Southeast University Textile Engineering, Southeast University Banani, Dhaka 1213.Banani, Dhaka 1213.Cell:01718833461Cell:01718833461E-mail: [email protected]: [email protected]
Prepared By : Mazadul Hasan sheshirID: 201000040000813th Batch (session 2009-2013)Department : Wet Processing Technology Email: [email protected] : www. Textilelab.blogspot.com (visit)
Southeast University Department Of Textile Engineering
I/A 251,252 Tejgaon Dhaka Bangladesh
Prepared By :
Total Textile Process at a Glance
IntroductionIntroduction
Presently garments industries have become the backbone of the
economy of Bangladesh. To support those garments industries
hundreds of full-scale textile industries have emerged in the past few
years and a lot more are going to be setup within a short time. These
textile dyeing industries are contributing in the development of
Bangladesh and at the same time are coursing serious water pollution.
It is a matter of great concern to understand and adopt adequate
treatment technologies for the remediation of this problem.
Fiber Production
Spining
Yarn Dyeing Weaving Preparation
Weaving
Woven Processing
Garment Manufacturing
Garment Washing & Dyeing
Knitting
Knit Processing
Garment Manufacturing
Garment Washing & Dyeing
Red Mark:Effluent
Flow Chart of Textile Manufacturing
ASM Tareq Amin ASM Tareq Amin et al.et al., BTT, , BTT, 20092009, , 22, 16, 16
Volume of Effluent produced by the different processing of textiles.
Process Name
Weaving Prreparation
Yarn Dyeing
Knit Processing
Woven Processing
Garment Washing & Dyeing
Production /Day
4.14 million meters
150 tones
1430 tonnes
3.84 million meters
500000 pcs
1118 m3
Effluent Quantity/Day
16,500 m3
1,28,700 m3
84,500 m3
8500 m3
Wastewater Discharged At Wastewater Discharged At Open AreasOpen Areas
WastewaterWastewater SampleSample
Typical Textile Effluent CharacteristicsTypical Textile Effluent Characteristics
ParameterParameter Woven Woven Fabric Fabric
FinishingFinishing
Knit Knit Fabric Fabric
FinishingFinishing
Stock & Yarn Stock & Yarn Dyeing Dyeing
FinishingFinishing
Cotton Cotton Textile MillTextile Mill
Woolen Woolen Textile MillTextile Mill
Synthetic Synthetic Textile MillTextile Mill
BODBOD
(mg/L)(mg/L)
550-650550-650 250-350250-350 200-250200-250 760760 900900 5050
CODCOD
(mg/L)(mg/L)
850-1200850-1200 850-1000850-1000 524-800524-800 14181418 -- 500500
SSSS
(mg/L)(mg/L)
185-300185-300 300300 50-7550-75 -- 100100 --
pHpH 7-117-11 6-96-9 7-127-12 9.8-11.89.8-11.8 9-10.59-10.5 7.57.5
MA Rahman, MS Thesis (BUET), 1997MA Rahman, MS Thesis (BUET), 1997
Textile Effluent Characteristics: Bangladesh PerspectiveTextile Effluent Characteristics: Bangladesh PerspectiveParamParam
etereterMinimuMinimu
m m ValueValue
MaximuMaximum m
ValueValue
BODBOD
(mg/L)(mg/L)
-- 81008100
CODCOD
(mg/L)(mg/L)
16.716.7 1710017100
SSSS
(mg/L)(mg/L)
51265126 1522115221
pHpH 3.93.9 11.011.0
MA Rahman, MS Thesis (BUET), 1997MA Rahman, MS Thesis (BUET), 1997
Discharge Quality Standards (By DoE)Discharge Quality Standards (By DoE)
ParameterParameter Inland Surface Inland Surface WaterWater
BODBOD55
(20(20ooC, mg/L)C, mg/L)
5050
CODCOD
(mg/L)(mg/L)
200200
TDSTDS
(mg/L)(mg/L)
21002100
Oil & GreaseOil & Grease
(mg/L)(mg/L)
1010
pHpH 6-96-9
..
Typical BOD Loads from Wet Processing
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70Singeing
Desizing
Scouring
Bleaching
Mercerizing
Heat Setting
Textile Waste Water Characterization: AtTextile Waste Water Characterization: At CityCity UniversityUniversity Lab (2009): Area Based Lab (2009): Area Based
Textile Waste Water AnalysisTextile Waste Water Analysis
1.1. Ashulia: pH 7.2, TDS (mg/L): 498 mg/LAshulia: pH 7.2, TDS (mg/L): 498 mg/L2.2. Chittagong: pH 11.1, TDS (mg/L):1483Chittagong: pH 11.1, TDS (mg/L):14833.3. Dhamrai: pH 6.9, TDS (mg/L): 538 Dhamrai: pH 6.9, TDS (mg/L): 538
mg/Lmg/L4.4. Gazipur: pH 9.8, TDS (mg/L): 3304Gazipur: pH 9.8, TDS (mg/L): 33045.5. Narsindi: pH 14, TDS (mg/L):3109 mg/LNarsindi: pH 14, TDS (mg/L):3109 mg/L6.6. Narayangong: pH 10.3, TDS Narayangong: pH 10.3, TDS
(mg/L):3260(mg/L):32607.7. Savar: pH 10.7, TDS (mg/L):3226Savar: pH 10.7, TDS (mg/L):3226
Ashulia Chittagong Dhamrai Gazipur Narshindi Narayangong Savar
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Limit: pH 6-9Green values are environmentally freidnly
Savar 10.7Narayangong
10.3
Narshindi 14
Gazipur 9.8
Dhamrai 6.9
Chittagong 11.1
Ashulia 7.2
pH
Area
Ashulia Chittagong Dhamrai Gazipur NarshindiNarayangong Savar0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
Limit: TDS 21OO mg/L
Green values are environmentally friendly
Savar3226
Nrayangong3260Narshindi
3109
Gazipur3304
Dhamrai538
Chittagong1483
Ashulia498
TD
S (
mg
/L)
Area
Environmental Environmental Management Methods in Management Methods in
TextilesTextiles1. Good House Keeping, 10-15%1. Good House Keeping, 10-15%2. Closer Process Control: 30-40%2. Closer Process Control: 30-40%Reduction in Chemical usageReduction in Chemical usageRecovery & Reuse of ChemicalsRecovery & Reuse of ChemicalsProcess Modification: Low liquor ratio Process Modification: Low liquor ratio machinesmachinesTechnological Development: Technological Development: Supercritical COSupercritical CO2 2 fluid dyeingfluid dyeing3. Process Chemicals Substitution3. Process Chemicals SubstitutionPVA/CMC UsePVA/CMC Use4. ETPs4. ETPs
Types of Effluent Types of Effluent Treatment PlantsTreatment Plants
1.1. PhysicochemicalPhysicochemical
2.2. BiologicalBiological
3.3. Biochemical (Hybrid)Biochemical (Hybrid)
4.4. ElectrochemicalElectrochemical
5.5. ChlorineChlorine
ETP DiagramETP Diagram
Physicochemical Effluent Physicochemical Effluent Treatment PlantsTreatment Plants
ScreeningScreening
Equalization Equalization
pH Control (HCl/HpH Control (HCl/H22SOSO44))
Coagulation and FlocculationCoagulation and Flocculation
(CaO, FeSO(CaO, FeSO4 4 /Alumn and /Alumn and Polyelectrolyte)Polyelectrolyte)
Retention Time, Equalization: Retention Time, Equalization: for 40 mfor 40 m33/hr, 8h/hr, 8h
Flocculation and Coagulation in Flocculation and Coagulation in Physicochemical Effluent Physicochemical Effluent
Treatment PlantsTreatment Plants
Coagulation of negative particleswith positive aluminum-complex
Flocculation by entanglement with charge-bearing polymers
Different Types ofDifferent Types of BiologicalBiological Treatment PlantsTreatment Plants
Dispersed Growth:Dispersed Growth:
Activated sludge Activated sludge (Retention time 48 h)(Retention time 48 h)
Membrane Bio-ReactorMembrane Bio-ReactorOxidation ditches/pondsOxidation ditches/ponds
Aerated lagoons, stabilization Aerated lagoons, stabilization pondsponds
Fixed Growth:Fixed Growth:
Trickling filtersTrickling filtersRotating Biological Contactors Rotating Biological Contactors
(RBCs(RBCs))
Oxidation :Oxidation :
COHNS + OCOHNS + O22 + nutrients + nutrients CO CO22 + H + H22OO
+ Other end products+ Other end products
bacteria
Typical Reactions in Biological Typical Reactions in Biological ProcessesProcesses
Organic waste is introduced into a reactor where the bacterial culture performs the conversion of organic matter to CO2, H2O, NH3 and others.
Activated Sludge Activated Sludge ProcessProcess
Process in which a mixture of Process in which a mixture of wastewater and microorganisms wastewater and microorganisms is agitated and aeratedis agitated and aeratedLeads to oxidation of dissolved Leads to oxidation of dissolved organicsorganicsAfter oxidation, separate sludge After oxidation, separate sludge from wastewaterfrom wastewaterInduce microbial growthInduce microbial growth
Activated Sludge ProcessActivated Sludge Process
MixedLiquor
inReactor
Air
SecondaryClarifier
w/w
Waste Activated Sludge
(WAS)
Return Activated Sludge
(RAS)
Treatedw/w
Discharge toRiver or LandApplication
Activated Sludge Activated Sludge ProcessProcess
ETP Flow Chart of Irish Fabrics
Storage Tank Screening Floculation & CoagulationInfluent
pH Control TankReactorSecondary Clarifier
Effluent Discharge
Equalisation Tank
Sludge Recycling
Membrane Bio-Reactor (MBR)Membrane Bio-Reactor (MBR)The membrane bioreactor (MBR) process that uses both a biological stage and a membrane module has recently been developed for wastewater treatment. The bioreactor and membrane module each have a specific function:
1. Biological degradation of organic pollution is carried out in the bioreactor by adapted microorganisms;
2. Separation of microorganisms from the treated wastewater is performed by the membrane module. The membranes constitute a physical barrier for all suspended solids and therefore enable not only recycling of the activated sludge to the bioreactor but also production of a permeate, free of suspended matter, bacteria, and viruses.
sludge floc
viruses
bacteria
Proces BasicProces Basic
Suctionmembranewaterdissolved solids
MBR TypesMBR TypesIn terms of settling tank In terms of settling tank replacementreplacement
There are two types of configurations for the membrane arrayThere are two types of configurations for the membrane arrayIndustrial effluent
Permeate
SludgeDischarge
Aeration
Membrane Module
The membranes can be placed either outside or inside the bioreactorThe membranes can be placed either outside or inside the bioreactor
MBR Establishments in MBR Establishments in BangladeshBangladesh
At EOSSavar
At Jago CorporationAshulia
At SUSTSylhet
Process Flow chart of Process Flow chart of MBR: MBR:
Effluent from Dyeing house
Equalization Tank
Zero Sludge Discharge of Treated Water
Gravity Feeder
Multi chambered Reactor
Figure: Hollow fiber membraneFigure: Hollow fiber membrane
Hollow fibre membrane moduleHollow fibre membrane module
Figure: Cassette of Hollow Fiber MembranesFigure: Cassette of Hollow Fiber Membranes
Fig: Full view of MBR in Uni-house yarn dyeing factory.Fig: Full view of MBR in Uni-house yarn dyeing factory.
Achievement of zero sludge discharge:Achievement of zero sludge discharge: In residual part i.e. sludge, new bacteria acts In residual part i.e. sludge, new bacteria acts
here activated sludge. At the bottom part of the here activated sludge. At the bottom part of the reactor there is a sludge returning pump. This reactor there is a sludge returning pump. This pump is regulated by a centrifugal pump. When pump is regulated by a centrifugal pump. When this activated sludge passing through this this activated sludge passing through this pump, due to the high rpm of the motor, pump, due to the high rpm of the motor, activated (alive) bacteria becomes de-activated activated (alive) bacteria becomes de-activated (dead). These dead bacteria become the (dead). These dead bacteria become the nutrient of the activated bacteria again. This nutrient of the activated bacteria again. This process continues again & again & thus we can process continues again & again & thus we can get zero sludge discharge.get zero sludge discharge.
RawWastewater
TreatedWater
Bottom SludgeSludge Stress
Treatment Pump
……
……Air
Smaller Footprint & More CompactnessFast Adaptability for changes in Flow rate, COD/BOD ratio and imposed CODWater Reuse and RecyclingLess Sludge ProductionLess or no chemical use and provides highest quality waterNo formation of secondary chemical by-productsEasy Scale-up, Expansion and ModificationAbsolute barrier for Bacteria and Viruses Ease of integration into existing plants for upgrade applications
Membrane Bio-Reactor vs. Conventional Membrane Bio-Reactor vs. Conventional Biological UnitBiological Unit
LowQualityTurbidWater
Conventional Multi-Step Tertiary Process
Membrane Bio-Reactors
Low-Tech SolutionsLow-Tech Solutions
Aerobic ponds
Facultative ponds
Anaerobic ponds
Aerobic pondsAerobic ponds Facultative pondsFacultative ponds Anaerobic pondsAnaerobic ponds
ChemicalsChemicals Quantity/dayQuantity/dayAcidAcid 135 L135 L
FeSOFeSO44 2580 kg2580 kgLimeLime 1740 kg1740 kgAnionic PEAnionic PE 2.16 kg2.16 kgDAPDAP 9.0 kg9.0 kgUreaUrea 18 kg 18 kg
Bacteria 2ookg for 3-5 yearsBacteria 2ookg for 3-5 years
Chemicals Required for 60 m3/hr (Hybrid)
ETP Design & ETP Design & optimizationoptimization
Computer-Aided Design & Optimization ofComputer-Aided Design & Optimization ofEffluent Treatment Plant (ETP)Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP)
Developed by the Harbinger Team of Engineers© Center for Environmental Process EngineeringShahjalal University of Science & Technology
Introducing ETP-CADIntroducing ETP-CAD
Purposes to Design the Purposes to Design the SoftwareSoftware
To enhance the followings To enhance the followings DesignDesign
OptimizationOptimizationPerformance AnalysisPerformance Analysis
VisualizationVisualizationTaking DecisionTaking Decision
to increase efficiency and to increase efficiency and accuracyaccuracyLanguage Used: MATLAB Language Used: MATLAB and Cand C
The TeamThe Team
Jar Test Data AnalysisJar Test Data Analysis
Aeration TankAeration Tank
ETPETP
Dr Arun Kanti GuhaDr Arun Kanti GuhaAssistant ProfessorAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Department of CityCity University UniversityBanani, Dhaka 1213.Banani, Dhaka 1213.
Re UseRe Use
Wastewater Reuse in Agriculture
Wastewater Reuse in Wastewater Reuse in GardeningGardening
Eco-Friendly TechniquesEco-Friendly Techniques
1.1. Solvent dyeing , Solvent dyeing ,
2.2. foam dyeing, foam dyeing,
3.3. dyeing in ionic liquids, dyeing in ionic liquids,
4.4. enzymatic treatment with ultrasound, enzymatic treatment with ultrasound,
5.5. supercritical fluid dyeing, supercritical fluid dyeing,
6.6. use of nano technology etc. use of nano technology etc.
are useful Echo-friendly techniques in Textiles.are useful Echo-friendly techniques in Textiles.
Eco-Friendly Techniques: Eco-Friendly Techniques: Solvent DyeingSolvent Dyeing
Solvent dyeing is a dyeing process carried out
from a continuous non-aqueous phase (organic
solvents) is used as dyeing media. Solvent dyeing is
not effective for natural fiber dyeing. It is only
suitable for dyeing man- made fiber mainly
polyester, nylon and acetate.
Solvent dyeing is on focus due to:
Fresh water unavailability
wastewater disposal problem
Considerable energy saving because solvents usually.
Solvents can be more o less completely recycled by
means of standard operations.
It can eliminate costly dyeing process and also
potential water pollution problems.
Eco-Friendly Techniques: Eco-Friendly Techniques: Foam DyeingFoam Dyeing
Foam Processing Technology:
There are several common commercial applications of foam processing, including carpet dyeing, coating
operations, foam dyeing, and foam finishing. Textile dyes can be applied through foam media by replacing water with air.
Advantages of foam processing are as follows:
• Reduced water and energy consumption• Reduced chemical waste
• Less time required for drying (less water to evaporate)
Eco-Friendly Techniques: Super Eco-Friendly Techniques: Super critical COcritical CO22 fluid dyeing Dyeing fluid dyeing Dyeing
Increasing consideration of ecological consequences of
industrial processes as well as legislations enforcing
the avoidance of environmental problems have
caused a reorientation of thinking and promoted
projects for replacement of conventional
technologies.
Supercritical fluid (SCF) dyeing is an emerging P2
technology that uses carbon dioxide as the fluid
medium for disperse dyeing on synthetics. No water
or pollution is associated with the SCF process.
Comparison between Conventional Dyeing and
Supercritical Dyeing
Eco-Friendly TechniquesEco-Friendly Techniques
Eco-Friendly Eco-Friendly Techniques: Caustic Techniques: Caustic
Soda RecoverySoda Recovery
In Bangladesh, Beximco textile uses caustic soda recovery plant (CRP) to recover NaOH from mercerization. Fabric production 50,551 meter and 10 ton caustic used for mercerization. After
mercerization, excess caustic soda goes to CRP and approximately 94% caustic soda is recovered. Caustic soda price 40 Tk. per Kg. They can save much money by using CRP.
Echo-Friendly Techniques: Caustic Echo-Friendly Techniques: Caustic Soda Recovery Plant at Beximco Soda Recovery Plant at Beximco
TextilesTextiles
Eco-FriendlyEco-Friendly TechniquesTechniques: : Ionic Liquid DyeingIonic Liquid Dyeing
What is ionic liquid? By definition, ionic liquids are low melting salts with melting temperatures around 100 oC. The term “room temperature ionic liquids” has been assigned to organic salts that are liquid at ambient conditions.
As we know that, the textile industry is believed to be one of the biggest consumers of water. The development of ionic liquids that exhibits useful and unique properties has created a huge untapped potential for commercial applications to increase operating efficiencies of many chemical production operations including the processing of textiles. Ionic liquids have been called :green solvents: because they are excellent solvents for a broad range of organic compounds. In 2006 there were 2000 papers published in different Journals. The nanotechnology is a very effective way in various applications. Such as fuel cell, industrial processing etc.
Eco-Friendly Techniques: Nano Eco-Friendly Techniques: Nano TechnologyTechnology
The nano sized (10-9m) metal particles can reflect different colors. If the
particles are of the same size as the blue rays, would reflect yellow. When
these particles are embedded in fiber, the resulting fabric becomes a color
to the eye without any use of dyes or pigments. By manipulating the size of
these nano particles, researchers can then create virtually any color fabric.
Eco-Friendly Techniques: Eco-Friendly Techniques: Ultrasound Enzymatic TreatmentUltrasound Enzymatic Treatment
The ultrasound technique is an environmentally tool for textiles. Val Yachemnev, who works in the cotton Textile Chemistry Research Unit (CTCRV) at Southern Regional Research of Agricultural Research Service (USA) in New Orleans, Lousiana, has found that ultrasound can boost enzymatic activity during several different types of treatments to cotton fibers. Use of enzymes in the cotton industry has become more popular in recent years. Enzymatic treatments have been used for a long time to remove the starch size added to cotton yarns to smooth and protect from breaks during weaving.
Eco-Friendly Techniques: Dyeing Eco-Friendly Techniques: Dyeing Machines: Athena 2: SCLAVOS Machines: Athena 2: SCLAVOS
PRODUCTPRODUCT
Eco-Friendly Techniques: Dyeing Eco-Friendly Techniques: Dyeing Machines: Athena 2: SCLAVOS Machines: Athena 2: SCLAVOS
PRODUCTPRODUCT
What Sclavos can guarantee to Athena 2 users are: Fabric Quality
No pilling or surface mechanical abrasion Low tension and shrinkage
Minimal fiber loss Performance
Fast process time Very low energy consumption Very low water consumption
Ease of operation Batch to batch repeatability
Eco-Friendly Techniques: Dyeing Eco-Friendly Techniques: Dyeing Machines: Low liquor machineMachines: Low liquor machine
In Bangladesh 1:8 machines are popular. Recently 1:6 and 1:5 machines are installed by some
factories like ECOTEX LTD.
Eco-Friendly Techniques: Right Eco-Friendly Techniques: Right First Time (RFT) TechniquesFirst Time (RFT) Techniques
Water Prepared Substrate
People Understanding Knowledge & Skills
Profit
Chemicals
RFT Dyeing
Doing all the steps of dyeing and finishing within the estimated time frame standardize by the factory
The benefits of RFT Technology:Lower Costs per Batch
Increased OutputImproved Profit marginReduced Effluent load
Better Customer ServiceImproved Quality
Eco-Friendly TechniquesEco-Friendly Techniques
For best achievement pollution control at source is the best way. Should think about zero waste concept.Reuse of third time ringing water is a good method to reduce effluent load.
ETP CostingETP Costing1. Construction Cost:1. Construction Cost:Civil, Electrical and MechanicalCivil, Electrical and Mechanical2. Manpower Cost2. Manpower Cost3. Operation Cost:3. Operation Cost:4. Chemicals and Power Consumption4. Chemicals and Power Consumption
5. Construction Cost: Minimum 1 crore5. Construction Cost: Minimum 1 crore6. Operation cost: 3-3.5 Tk/kg fabric (for combined 6. Operation cost: 3-3.5 Tk/kg fabric (for combined
ETPs); Monthly around 5-9 lac takaETPs); Monthly around 5-9 lac takaBiological : 4-5 Tk/mBiological : 4-5 Tk/m33 wastewater wastewaterPhysicochemcical: 12-13 Tk/mPhysicochemcical: 12-13 Tk/m33
Hybrid : 18 Tk/mHybrid : 18 Tk/m33 7. Minimum construction cost: conventional ETP : 7. Minimum construction cost: conventional ETP : 1 Crore BDT1 Crore BDT8. Minimum construction cost MBR: 8. Minimum construction cost MBR: 2.5-5 Crore BDT2.5-5 Crore BDT
Central ETP ConceptCentral ETP Concept
Effluent should be collected from same Effluent should be collected from same typetype
of textiles and should be treated in a centralof textiles and should be treated in a central
ETP for small scale industries.ETP for small scale industries.
Central ETP of CEPZCentral ETP of CEPZ
Central ETP of CEPZ: Central ETP of CEPZ: InformationInformation
Capacity 15,000 mCapacity 15,000 m33/day/day24 hours/day operation24 hours/day operation
cost: 18.66 mcost: 18.66 m33/day/day
Government InitiativeGovernment Initiative
1.1. Environmental ruleEnvironmental rule
2.2. ETP MandatoryETP Mandatory
3.3. LoanLoan
4.4. MonitoringMonitoring
ConclusionsConclusions
1.1. A large quantity of wastewater generated from A large quantity of wastewater generated from dyeing houses.dyeing houses.
2.2. Highly polluted water bodies.Highly polluted water bodies.3.3. Treatment essential: various treatment methods.Treatment essential: various treatment methods.4.4. Physicochemical, Biological (Conventional & MBR) Physicochemical, Biological (Conventional & MBR)
and Physicochemical & Biological.and Physicochemical & Biological.5.5. ETP-CAD can be used for ETP designing and ETP-CAD can be used for ETP designing and
optimizationoptimization6.6. 1 crore taka minimum cost for construction of an 1 crore taka minimum cost for construction of an
ETPETP7.7. Central Etp concept is useful for small scale Central Etp concept is useful for small scale
factoriesfactories8.8. High liquor ratio machines should be replaced by High liquor ratio machines should be replaced by
low liquor ratio machines.low liquor ratio machines.9.9. Ionic liquid dyeing, supercritical fluid dyeing, solvent Ionic liquid dyeing, supercritical fluid dyeing, solvent
dyeing technologies should be useddyeing technologies should be used10.10. Strong RND in Textile Environment and production Strong RND in Textile Environment and production
areas required to control pollutionareas required to control pollution
ReferencesReferences1. “Jago Corporation” (R & D), Ashulia1. “Jago Corporation” (R & D), Ashulia2. “Pilot Program of MBR in Unihouse Yarn Dyeing Factory”, 2. “Pilot Program of MBR in Unihouse Yarn Dyeing Factory”, Kumkumari, Ashulia.Kumkumari, Ashulia.3. “Membrane bio-reactors, Bangladesh Perspective”3. “Membrane bio-reactors, Bangladesh Perspective” Md. Akhtarul IslamMd. Akhtarul Islam4. “Membrane Bio- Reactor for Treating Textile Effluent Using 4. “Membrane Bio- Reactor for Treating Textile Effluent Using Indigenous Sintered Clay Micro Filters”Indigenous Sintered Clay Micro Filters” 5. Wastewater Engineering5. Wastewater Engineering
Treatment, Disposal and ReuseTreatment, Disposal and ReuseBy Metcalf & EddyBy Metcalf & Eddy33rdrd Edition Edition
6. Introduction to Environmental Engineering6. Introduction to Environmental EngineeringBy Davis CornwellBy Davis Cornwell33rdrd Edition Edition
7. Books and Papers from internet7. Books and Papers from internet8. Treatment of Textile Liquid Waste8. Treatment of Textile Liquid Waste
Md. Akhtaruzzaman, BUET, March 2006Md. Akhtaruzzaman, BUET, March 20069. Arun Kanti Guha & Md. Shariful Islam, BTT, 9. Arun Kanti Guha & Md. Shariful Islam, BTT, 2009, 2009, 22, 43-50., 43-50.10. Md. Imdadul Hpque and Arun Kanti Guha, BTT, January 2010.10. Md. Imdadul Hpque and Arun Kanti Guha, BTT, January 2010.11. Sumit Mondal and Arun Kanti Guha, BTT, Inpress.11. Sumit Mondal and Arun Kanti Guha, BTT, Inpress.
AcknowledgementAcknowledgement1. Professor Dr. Md. Akhtarul Islam (SUST)2. Engr. Arif Anwar (SUST)
My students1. Engr. Md. Shariful Islam 2. Engr. Riad Patoary3. Engr. Imdadul Hoque4. Mr. Sumit Mondol5. Mr. Samsuzzaman6. Mr. Pejush7. Mr. Mmaun8. Mr. Masum Billah
I am very much grateful to
Prof. Syed Fakhrul Hassan, Chairman and Engr. Ahmed UllahDepartment of Textile Engineering, Southeast University. Engr. Tareq Amin, Publisher, BTT., Dr. Aub Nabi KhanDr. Saifur Rahman and Dr. Saiful Islam.
1. Yarn Manufacturing TechnologyLink : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Yarn-Manufacturing-Technology/485014954866808
2. Fabric Manufacturing TechnologyLink : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Fabric-Manufacturing-Technology/459520217425605
3. Garments Manufacturing TechnologyLink : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Garments-Manufacturing-Technology/472364799463126
3. Wet processing TechnologyLink : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Wet-Processing-Technology-Dyeing-/468645219825404
4. Fashion-Design-and-TechnologyLink : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Fashion-Design-and-Technology/587655294583875?ref=ts&fref=ts
My Facebook Textile related Pages
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