Professional Book Review and Discussion List 5326 Fall 2007.
Environmental Systems Modeling EENV 5326 GIS for Environmental Engineering.
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Transcript of Environmental Systems Modeling EENV 5326 GIS for Environmental Engineering.
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Environmental Systems Modeling
EENV 5326
GIS for Environmental Engineering
The application of GIS is limited only by the imagination of those who use it
Jack Dangermond, President of ESRI
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Chloride Concentration (mg/l) in 2001 and 2011
About 12 rainfall stations
Rainfall precipitation increases from south
to north
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Rainfall Pattern in Gaza Strip
About 12 rainfall stations
Rainfall precipitation increases from south
to north
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GIS views
In GIS, there are 3 different ways in which data can be viewed:
1) Database view2) Map view3) Model view
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The popular GIS software
ESRI (GIS software leading company worldwide)
commercial products include ArcGIS desktop that includes:
ArcMap, ArcCatalog, ArcToolbox, ArcGlobe, ArcIMS and ArcGIS Explorer
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/ لغة/ صفةرمز
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بارعة معالجة
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االستعالم
االمية محو
االطفال وفيات
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عازلة
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وباء
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االختالف
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Raster to Vector Conversion
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CellRows & Columns
Regions
Zones
The composition of Raster Data
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The Cell
A square that represents specific portion of an area. its dimension is described by even pixels or dimensions. Its dimensions shall be fixed all over the data set. Every cell has a value.
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Rows and Columns
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Regions
Connected Cells in Zones
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Zones
Connected or Disconnected Cells that have the same value
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• Geographic Phenomena• Geographic Field • Geographic Object
• Geographic Data Representation• Tessellation • Vector
Spatial data typesContent
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We might define a geographic phenomenon as something of interest that :
• can be named or described,• can be georeferenced and• can be assigned a time (interval) at which it is/was present
Relevant phenomena depends entirely on the purpose of GIS.
Geographic Phenomena
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Field Vs. Object
Object
Field
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Field Vs. Object
Geographic objects: populate the study area, and are usually well
distinguishable, discrete, bounded entities. The space between them is potentially empty.
Geographic field: is a geographic phenomenon for which, for every
point in the study area, a value can be determined.
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Field View Vs. Object View
Examples:
Object View: Trees, Houses, Streets.
Field View: Elevation, Temperature, Rain Intensity.
o General rule-of-thumb is that:
1) natural geographic phenomena are more often fields, and
2) man-made phenomena are more often objects.
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Raster in ArcGIS – Floating point
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Raster in ArcGIS – Integer
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Assignments
1) Prepare professional map,2) Recharge map of Gaza strip,3) Best site of landfill