Environmental Science
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Transcript of Environmental Science
Environmental Science
Chapter 2
The Central Case Read the CENTRAL CASE for Chapter 2.
How can we best balance our own interests and needs with the health of the environment?
Section 1 – How is sustainability affected by economics?How is sustainabillty affected
by economics?
Sustainability –
Section 1 – How is sustainability affected by economics? Economics –
Goods -
Services -
Section 1 – How is sustainability affected by economics? 3 types of economies
Centrally planned economy –
example: Free market economy –
Example:
Section 1 – How is sustainability affected by economics? Mixed economy
Example:
Section 1 – How is sustainability affected by economics? Supply and Demand
Supply and demand –
Cost-benefit analysis
Section 1 – How is sustainability affected by economics? All economies depend on the
environment for resources and for management of wastes, but these connections are often overlooked.
Quick Lab
Section 1 – How is sustainability affected by economics? Natural resources are the “goods”
produced by nature.
With no resources there would be no economics.
The ecological systems provide “ecosystem services” to the environment.
Section 1 – How is sustainability affected by economics? But, what is the impact on the
environment???
Section 1 – How is sustainability affected by economics? Wal-Mart's green revolution Economics and Sustainability
Ecological economics –
Environmental economics -
Section 1 – How is sustainability affected by economics? Non-market values
examples: figure 4
Market failure -
Section 1 – How is sustainability affected by economics? Ecolabeling -
Section 2 – How do environmental policies protect the environment? How do environmental policies protect
the environment
Section 2 – How do environmental policies protect the environment? Policy –
Environmental policy -
Section 2 – How do environmental policies protect the environment? The U.S. government has 3 branches:
Legislative
Executive
Judicial
State and Local policy -
Section 2 – How do environmental policies protect the environment? U.S. environmental policy – 3 periods
The First Period (1780-late-1800’s)
The Second Period (late-1800’s – mid-1900’s)
Section 2 – How do environmental policies protect the environment? The Third Period (mid to late 1900’s) -
Section 2 – How do environmental policies protect the environment? Modern US Environmental Policy
Reveals lessons learned from past misuses of resources and strives for a sustainable future.
National Environmental Policy Act –
Environmental Impact Statement(EIS)
Section 2 – How do environmental policies protect the environment? Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA)
Clean Water Act of 1977
Federal Water Pollution Control Acts of 1948 and 1972
Section 2 – How do environmental policies protect the environment? Post 1980 Acts
Section 3 – How do we form sound environmental policies? The United Nations (UN)
Founded in _________ Purpose: Now more than _____ nations are
members
The European Union (EU) Purpose:
Section 3 – How do we form sound environmental policies? The World Trade Organization
(WTO) Purpose: Established in ___________
World Bank Purpose: Established in:
Section 3 – How do we form sound environmental policies? Non-governmental Organizations
Section 3 – How do we form sound environmental policies? Approaches to Environmental
Policies Command and Control Approach-
Successes:
Failures:
Section 3 – How do we form sound environmental policies? Approaches to Environmental
Policies Tax Breaks and Subsidies
Green Taxes -
Section 3 – How do we form sound environmental policies? Approaches to Environmental
Policies Cap-and-Trade
Local Incentives
Section 3 – How do we form sound environmental policies? The Environmental Policy Process
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Section 3 – How do we form sound environmental policies? 4.
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