Environmental Report for 2010Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) iii • The...

SRNS–STI–2011–00059

Savannah River Site

Environmental Report for 2010

Editor Project Manager Technical Consultant

Albert R. Mamatey Jana D. Ackerman Timothy Jannik

Prepared bySavannah River Nuclear Solutions, LLCSavannah River SiteAiken, SC 29808

Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) iii

• Theeditoracknowledgeswithdeepappreciationtheeffortsofthefollowingindividuals,who(inadditiontothechapterauthors,contributors,andcompilers)conductedreviewsfor—and/orprovidedvaluableresources,information,ortechnicaldatato—theSavannah River Site Environmental Report for 2010:

ClemsonUniversityEnvironmentalEngineering/EarthSciencesDepartmentTechnicalReviewers

Dr.TimothyA.DeVol–ProfessorDr.RobertA.Fjeld–ProfessorEmeritusDr.FredJ.Moltz,III–ResearchProfessor/DistinguishedScientistEmeritusDr.ThomasJ.Overcamp–Professor

• Listedbelowarethosewhoprovidedexpertpublicationssupport:

KayeAtkins LisaMcCullough SheilaRuff EleanorJustice KandiMulligan JoanToole

• AspecialthankstoGailWhitneyforcoordinatingtheDOE–SRreviewandapprovalprocess,whichrequiresdedicationandsupportfrombothDOE–SRandSRNS:

AmyCaver DavidHoel SherrySouthern KevinSchmidt(DOE–SR) (DOE–SR) (DOE–SR) (SRNS)

DeborahCaver GaryHoover DanCampbell (DOE–SR) (DOE–SR) (SRNS)

AndrewGrainger MaatsiNdingwan TomCoughenour (DOE–SR) (DOE–SR) (SRNS)

• ThankstoRachelBaker,RoyBlackwell,JeffBussey,ChuckHarvel,MichaelKennedy,RogerNeal,RobertSeremak,DavidSharpe,JamesTussey,andRayWilcauskasforprovidingcomputerhardwareandsoftwaresupport.

• MarvinStewartisacknowledgedwithappreciationforprovidingInternetexpertiseandcomputersoftwaresupport.

Acknowledgements

AngelaBenfieldDeanCampbellTiajuanaCochnauerBrianCulliganJoeDixonMeganElliottChuckHunterSheroldJohnsonRickKelleySteveKing

LarryKoffmanWaltKubiliusDavidLeeLindaLeePatriciaLeeMaryBethLloydSherrodMaxwellCarlMazzolaJ.VaunMcArthurKenMcLeod

TedMotykaLindaNassRossNatoliEricNelsonLisaOliverScottRayNatalieLopezJeffRossRebeccaSchefflerDonStevenson

MichaelTheiszmannJeffThibaultRobTurnerRobinUtseyJulieWilsonDavidWolfeDavidYannitellLindaYoumans-McDonald

iv Savannah River Site

Acknowledgements

BrendaAlejoPerryAllenRobBackerPhilBakerJackieBanksSammieBaughmanMaryBerryConnieBlackStacieBrittNancyBrownMikeBurroughsWillCallicottKimCauthenJoyChapmanSharonChapmanBeckyChavousKenCheeksVanessaCoferGeneCookeRoslynCooke

SharonCrawfordJanetCurtisKarlDamonLibbyDanielowichDarylDomanDaleDukeWilevaDunbarJasonDurdenRossFanningRichardFarrMaryFloraLymanFogleRodneyGanttLisaGillespieBrendaGoffCalvinHamiltonTimHartleyJackHerringtonMinnieHightowerMikeHughes

DavidHugheyJeannetteHyattRosaJacksonKevinKostelnikBillLewisCherylLewisKellyLingBillMackyPhillipMarshallOwenMasonJanetMcClearenTonyMeltonAmyMeyerGraceMillerKenMishoeDavidPalmerKarenPalmerWaynePippenChristinePoseyThomasinaRobinson

DavidRobertsJackieRourkDennisRyanEloySaldivarPatrickShawDebraSheaAllanSikesMarkSpiresJimStaffordFredStanlandDavidStevensDanStewartBeckySturdivantMarisaTrahanJohnVaughnRobinWainwrightMtesaWrightTommyYoung

• Gratitudeisexpressedtothefollowingformanagement,administrative,field,andothersupport:

Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) v

TheSavannah River Site Environmental Reportfor2010(SRNS–STI–2011–00059)isanoverviewofeffluentmonitoringandenvironmentalsurveillanceactivitiesconductedonandinthevicinityofSRSfromJanuary1throughDecember31,2010—includingthesite’sperformanceagainstapplicablestandardsandrequirements.DetailsareprovidedonmajorprogramssuchastheEnvironmentalManagementSystem(EMS)andpermitcompliance.Informationforthe2010reportwascompiledandpreparedbytheRegulatoryIntegration&EnvironmentalServicesDepartmentofSavannahRiverNuclearSolutionsLLC(SRNS),thesite’sM&Ocontractor.The“EnvironmentalMonitoringProgramManagementPlan”[SRSEMPlan,2010]documents(1)therationaleandobjectivesforthemonitoringprogram,(2)thefrequencyofmonitoringandanalysis,(3)thevarioussamplinglocations,and(4)thespecificanalyticalandsamplingprotocolsused.The“EnvironmentalMonitoringQualityAssuranceProjectPlan”[SRSEMQAPlan,2010]describestheassociatedqualityassurancerequirements.

CompletedatatablesareincludedontheCDinsidethebackcoverofthisreport.TheCDalsofeatures(1)anelectronicversionofthereport;(2)anappendixofsite,environmentalsamplinglocation,dose,andgroundwatermaps;and(3)annual(2010)reportsfromanumberofotherSRSorganizations.ThedatatablesgenerallyarepresentedasunformattedExcelspreadsheets;theyarenotintendedtobeprinted.However,ifprintingisdesired,theusercanmodifythe“PageSetup”parametersinExcelasneeded.Ifprintingofthe“SRSMaps”ontheCDisdesired,itisrecommended(toensureclarity)thatfigures1–25beprinted8.5x11inches,figures26–31beprinted36x32inches,and

figures32–34beprinted34x33inches.

Thefollowinginformationshouldaidthereaderininterpretingdatainthisreport:• Variationsinenvironmentalreportdatareflect

year-to-yearchangesintheroutinemonitoringprogram,aswellasoccasionaldifficultiesinsamplecollectionoranalysis.Examplesofsuchdifficultiesincludeadverseenvironmentalconditions(suchasfloodingordrought),samplingoranalyticalequip-mentmalfunctions,samplehandlingandtrans-portationissues,compromiseofthesamplesinthepreparationlaboratoriesorcountingroom.

• Tableheadingabbreviationsmayincludethefollow-ing:(1)“N”isnumberofobservations;(2)“Sample-Con”issampleconcentration;(3)“SampleStd”isstandarddeviation;and(4)“Sig”issignificance,with“Yes”meaningdetectableand“No”meaninglessthantheanalyticalmethoddetectionlimit.

• Analyticalresultsandtheircorrespondinguncer-taintytermsgenerallyarereportedwithuptothreesignificantfigures.Thisisafunctionofthecomput-ersoftwareusedandmayimplygreateraccuracyinthereportedresultsthantheanalyseswouldallow.

• Unitsofmeasureandtheirabbreviationsaredefinedintheglossary(beginningonpageG-1)andinchartsatthebackofthereport.Thereportedun-certaintyofasinglemeasurementreflectsonlythecountingerror—notothercomponentsofrandomandsystematicerrorinthemeasurementprocess—sosomeresultsmayimplyagreaterconfidencethanthedeterminationwouldsuggest.

• Anuncertaintyquotedwithameanvaluerepre-sentsthestandarddeviationofthemeanvalue.This

To Our Readers

SRS has had an extensive environmental monitoring program in place since 1951 (before site startup). In the 1950s, data generated by the onsite environmental monitoring program were reported in site documents. Beginning in 1959, data from offsite environmental surveillance activities were presented in reports issued for public dissemination. SRS reported onsite and offsite environmental monitoring activities separately until 1985, when data from both programs were merged into one public document.

vi Savannah River Site

To Our Readers

numberiscalculatedfromtheuncertaintiesoftheindividualresults.Foranunweightedmeanvalue,theuncertaintyisthesumofthevariancesfortheindividualvaluesdividedbythenumberofindivid-ualresultssquared.Foraweightedmeanvalue,theuncertaintyisthesumoftheweightedvariancesfortheindividualvaluesdividedbythesquareofthesumoftheweights.

• Allvaluesrepresenttheweightedaverageofallacceptableanalysesofasampleforaparticularanalyte.Samplesmayhaveundergonemultiple

analysesforqualityassurancepurposesortodetermineifradionuclidesarepresent.Forcertainradionuclides,quantifiableconcentrationsmaybebelowtheminimumdetectableactivityoftheanaly-sis,inwhichcasetheactualconcentrationvalueispresentedtosatisfyDOEreportingguidelines.

• Thegenericterm“dose,”asusedinthereport,referstothecommittedeffectivedose(50-yearcom-mitteddose)frominternaldepositionofradionu-clidesandtotheeffectivedoseattributabletobeta/gammaradiationfromsourcesexternaltothebody.

Report Available on Web ReaderscanfindtheSRS Environmental ReportontheWorldWideWebatthefollowingaddress:

http://www.srs.gov/general/pubs/ERsum/index.html.

Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) vii

List of Figures .................................................................................................................... ix

List of Tables ...................................................................................................................... xi

Acronyms and Abbreviations ......................................................................................... xiii

Sampling Location Information ..................................................................................... xvii

Executive Summary ........................................................................................................ xix

Chapter 1 Introduction .................................................................................................1-1

Missions ................................................................................................................. 1-1

Site Location, Demographics and Environment ..................................................... 1-1

Primary Site Activities ............................................................................................ 1-3

Chapter 2 Environmental Management System .........................................................2-1

SRS EMS Implementation ..................................................................................... 2-1

Chapter 3 Environmental Compliance ........................................................................3-1

Compliance Status ................................................................................................. 3-1

Other Environmental Issues/Actions .................................................................... 3-16

Continuous-Release Reporting ............................................................................ 3-19

Unplanned Releases ............................................................................................ 3-19

Permits ................................................................................................................. 3-19

Chapter 4 Effluent Monitoring .....................................................................................4-1

Radiological Monitoring ......................................................................................... 4-1

Nonradiological Monitoring .................................................................................... 4-4

Chapter 5 Environmental Surveillance .......................................................................5-1

Radiological Surveillance ....................................................................................... 5-1

Nonradiological Surveillance ................................................................................ 5-18

Chapter 6 Potential Radiation Doses ..........................................................................6-1

Calculating Dose .................................................................................................... 6-1

Dose Calculation Results ....................................................................................... 6-3

Chapter 7 Groundwater ................................................................................................7-1

Groundwater at SRS .............................................................................................. 7-1

Groundwater Protection Program at SRS .............................................................. 7-4

Contents

viii Savannah River Site

Contents

Chapter 8 Quality Assurance .......................................................................................8-1

Environmental QA Program Integration ................................................................. 8-1

Program Samples .................................................................................................. 8-1

Appendix A Applicable Guidelines, Standards, and Regulations ........................... A-1

Air Effluent Discharges ..........................................................................................A-1

(Process) Liquid Effluent Discharges .....................................................................A-2

Site Streams ..........................................................................................................A-4

Savannah River ......................................................................................................A-4

Drinking Water .......................................................................................................A-4

Groundwater ..........................................................................................................A-4

Potential Doses ......................................................................................................A-6

Environmental Management ..................................................................................A-8

Quality Assurance/Quality Control .........................................................................A-8

Reporting ...............................................................................................................A-9

Appendix B Radionuclide and Chemical Nomenclature .......................................... B-1

Appendix C Errata ........................................................................................................ C-1

Glossary ..........................................................................................................................G-1

References ...................................................................................................................... R-1

Reports for 2010 Contained on Accompanying CD

SRS Environmental Report

SRS Environmental Data/Maps

Area Completion Projects

Liquid Waste Operations

Solid Waste Management

Savannah River Archaeological Research Program

Savannah River Ecology Laboratory

Savannah River National Laboratory Environmental Dose Assessment Manual

USDA Forest Service – Savannah River

SRS Environmental Management System Description Manual

SRS Environmental Policy – FY 2011

Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) ix

Chapter 1 Introduction ............................................................................................ 1-1

Figure 1–1 The Savannah River Site .................................................................. 1-2

Chapter 2 Environmental Management System .................................................... 2-1

Figure 2–1 Environmental Management System Integration.............................. 2-2

Figure 2–2 DOE–SR Energy Reduction Performance ........................................ 2-9

Figure 2–3 Domestic/Process Water Reduction Performance ........................... 2-9

Figure 2–4 Increased E85 Usage at SRS .......................................................... 2-9

Figure 2–5 SRS Gasoline Reduction Performance .......................................... 2-10

Chapter 4 Effluent Monitoring ................................................................................ 4-1

Figure 4–1 Ten-Year History of SRS Annual Atmospheric Tritium Releases ...... 4-2

Figure 4–2 Ten-Year History of Direct Releases of Tritium to SRS Streams ...... 4-4

Chapter 5 Environmental Surveillance .................................................................. 5-1

Figure 5–1 Gross Beta-In-Air Concentrations Measured in Glass Fiber Filters

for 15 Locations, 2010 ...................................................................... 5-2

Figure 5–2 Ambient/Atmospheric Tritium-In-Air Concentrations (pCi/m3),

2006–2010 ....................................................................................... 5-5

Figure 5–3 Average Tritium-in-Rainwater Concentrations, 2006–2010 .............. 5-6

Figure 5–4 Five-Year Trend of Ambient Annual Average and Maximum

Gamma Exposure Levels (in mrem) ................................................. 5-7

Figure 5–5 Estimated Tritium Migration from SRS Seepage Basins and

SWDF to Site Streams, 2001–2010 ................................................. 5-9

Figure 5–6 SRS Tritium Transport Summary, 1960–2010 ................................ 5-11

Figure 5–7 Maximum Cesium-137 Concentrations in Wildlife Field and

Lab Measurements (pCi/g), 2006–2010 ......................................... 5-14

Figure 5–8 Average Cesium-137 Concentrations in Deer and Hogs (pCi/g),

2006–2010 ..................................................................................... 5-15

List of Figures

x Savannah River Site

List of Figures

Figure 5–9 Three-Year Trend Chart of Cesium-137 Concentrations in Soil

(pCi/kg) ........................................................................................... 5-19

Figure 5–10 Three-Year Trend Chart of Cesium-137 Concentrations in Vegetation

(pCi/kg) ........................................................................................... 5-20

Figure 5–11 Creek Plantation Ambient Gamma Exposure Rates for

10 Transects .................................................................................. 5-21

Chapter 6 Potential Radiation Doses ..................................................................... 6-1

Figure 6–1 Ten-Year History of SRS Maximum Potential All-Pathway Doses .... 6-8

Figure 6–2 Ten-Year History of SRS Creek-Mouth Fisherman’s Doses ........... 6-12

Chapter 7 Groundwater ........................................................................................... 7-1

Figure 7–1 Hydrostratigraphic Units at SRS ....................................................... 7-2

Figure 7–2 Groundwater at SRS ........................................................................ 7-3

Appendix A Applicable Guidelines, Standards, and Regulations ...........................A-1

Figure A–1 SRS EM Program QA Document Hierarchy .....................................A-9

Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) xi

Chapter 2 Environmental Management System .................................................... 2-1

Table 2–1 FY10 SRS EMS Goals (Summary) .................................................. 2-4

Table 2–2 2010 SRS Pollution Prevention Activities (Summary) ...................... 2-8

Chapter 3 Compliance Summary ............................................................................ 3-1

Table 3–1 Laws/Regulations Applicable to SRS ............................................... 3-2

Table 3–2 Summary of SRS-Related NEPA Reviews in 2010 .......................... 3-5

Table 3–3 SRS Reporting Requirements under “Federal Compliance with

Right-to-Know Laws and Pollution Prevention Requirements”

(Executive Order 12856) ................................................................ 3-13

Table 3–4 NOV/NOAV Summary, 2006–2010 ................................................. 3-17

Table 3–5 Routine Environmental External Audit and Inspection Summary ... 3-18

Table 3–6 SRS Construction and Operating Permits, 2010 ............................ 3-19

Chapter 4 Effluent Monitoring ................................................................................ 4-1

Table 4–1 SRS Estimated SCDHEC Standard 2 Pollutant Air Emissions,

2006–2010 ....................................................................................... 4-5

Table 4–2 2010 Boiler Stack Test Results ......................................................... 4-6

Chapter 5 Environmental Surveillance .................................................................. 5-1

Table 5–1 Average Gross Alpha in Air Filter Results (pCi/m3), 2006–2010 ...... 5-4

Table 5–2 Average Gross Beta in Air Filter Results (pCi/m3), 2006–2010 ........ 5-4

Table 5–3 Average 2010 Concentrations of Radioactivity in SRS Streams ...... 5-8

Table 5–4 Strontium-89,90, Technetium-99, Iodine-129, and Cesium-137

Migration Estimates ........................................................................ 5-10

Table 5–5 Average 2010 Concentrations of Radioactivity in the

Savannah River .............................................................................. 5-10

List of Tables

xii Savannah River Site

List of Tables

Chapter 6 Potential Radiation Doses ..................................................................... 6-1

Table 6–1 2010 Radioactive Liquid Release Source Term and 12-Month

Average Downriver Radionuclide Concentrations Compared to

EPA’s Drinking Water Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) .......... 6-4

Table 6–2 Potential Dose to the Maximally Exposed Individual from SRS

Liquid Releases in 2010 ................................................................... 6-5

Table 6–3 Potential Dose to the Maximally Exposed Individual from SRS

Atmospheric Releases in 2010......................................................... 6-6

Table 6–4 2010 Maximum Potential All-Pathway and Sportsman Doses

Compared to the DOE All-Pathway Dose Standard ......................... 6-9

Table 6–5 Potential Lifetime Risks from the Consumption of Savannah River

Fish Compared to Dose Standards .................................................6-11

Appendix A Applicable Guidelines, Standards, and Regulations ...........................A-1

Table A–1 National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Criteria Air Pollutants –

2010 .................................................................................................A-3

Table A–2 Airborne Emission Limits for SRS Coal-Fired Boilers ......................A-4

Table A–3 Airborne Emission Limits for SRS Fuel Oil-Fired Package Boilers ...A-4

Table A–4 Airborne Emission Limits for SRS 784–7A Biomass Boiler ..............A-5

Table A–5 Airborne Emission Limits for SRS 784–7A Oil-Fired Package

Boiler ................................................................................................A-5

Table A–6 South Carolina Water Quality Standards for Freshwaters ...............A-6

Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) xiii

AACP – AreaCompletionProjects

ACM – Asbestos-containingmaterial

ALARA – Aslowasreasonablyachievable

ANSI – AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute

ANS – AcademyofNaturalSciences

AOP – AnnualOperationalPlan

ARRA – AmericanRecoveryandReinvestmentAct

BBAT – BestAvailableTechnology

BCG – Biotaconcentrationguide

BE – BiologicalEvaluation

BGN – BurialGroundNorth

bgs – Belowgroundsurface

BJWSA – Beaufort-JasperWaterandSewerAuthority

BTU – Britishthermalunit

CCA – CorrectiveAction

CAA – CleanAirAct

CAAA – CleanAirActAmendmentsof1990

CAB – CitizensAdvisoryBoard

CAT – ConsolidatedAnnualTraining

CD – Compactdisk

C&D – ConstructionandDemolition

CERCLA – ComprehensiveEnvironmentalResponse,Compensation,andLiabilityAct(Superfund)

CFR – CodeofFederalRegulations

CHR – CenterforHydrogenResearch

Ci – Curie

CMIR – CorrectiveMeasuresImplementationReport

COE – U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers

COR – Challenges,Opportunities,andResolution

CSRA – CentralSavannahRiverArea

CWA – CleanWaterAct

DDCG – Derivedconcentrationguide

DOE – U.S.DepartmentofEnergy

DOECAP –U.S.DepartmentofEnergyConsolidatedAuditProgram

DOE–HQ – U.S.DepartmentofEnergy–Headquarters

DOE–SR – U.S.DepartmentofEnergy–SavannahRiverOperationsOffice

DMWE – DataManagementandWasteEngineering

DMR – DischargeMonitoringReport

DWS – Drinkingwaterstandards

EEA – Environmentalassessment

EEC – Environmentevaluationchecklist

EIS – Environmentalimpactstatement

EM – EnvironmentalMonitoring

EMCAP – EnvironmentalManagementConsolidatedAuditProgram

EML – EnvironmentalMonitoringLab

EMS – EnvironmentalManagementSystem

Acronyms and Abbreviations

Note: Sampling location abbreviations can be found on page xvii.

xiv Savannah River Site


EO – ExecutiveOrder

EPA – U.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency

EPCRA – EmergencyPlanningandCommunityRight-to-KnowAct

EQMD – EnvironmentalQualityManagementDivision(DOE–SR)

ERA – EnvironmentalResourceAssociates

ESD – ExplanationofSignificantDifference

ESA – EndangeredSpeciesAct

ESEC – EnvironmentalScienceEducator’sCooperative

FFEB – FacilityEvaluationBoard

FFA – FederalFacilityAgreement

FFCAct – FederalFacilityComplianceAct

FIFRA – FederalInsecticide,Fungicide,andRodenticideAct

FIMS – Flowinjectionmercurysystem

FONSI – Findingofnosignificantimpact

FWS – U.S.FishandWildlifeService

GGDNR – GeorgiaDepartmentofNaturalResources

GET – Generalemployeetraining

GNEP – GlobalNuclearEnergyPartnership

GSMP – GroundwaterSurveillanceMonitoringProgram

GSA – GeneralSeparationsArea

GTCC – GreaterThanClassC

Gy – Gray

IIAPCR – InterimActionPostClosureReport

ICP-AES – Inductivelycoupledplasmaatomicemissionspectrometry

ICP-MS – Inductivelycoupledplasmamassspectrometry

ICRP – InternationalCommissiononRadiologicalProtection

ISMS – IntegratedSafetyManagementSystem

ISO – InternationalOrganizationforStandardization

Kkg – Kilogram

LLDR – Landdisposalrestrictions

LLW – Low-levelradioactivewaste

LWO – LiquidWasteOperations

MM&O – ManagementandOperating

MACT – Maximumachievablecontroltechnology

MAPEP – MixedAnalytePerformanceEvaluationProgram

mCi – Millicurie

MCL – Maximumcontaminantlevel

MDC – Minimumdetectableconcentration

MFFF – MixedOxideFuelFabricationFacility

Mg/L – Milligramsperliter

mL – Milliliter

MOA – Memorandaofagreement

MOU – Memorandumofunderstanding

MOX – Mixedoxide

mrem – Millirem

mSv – Millisievert

NNBN – Nobuildingnumber

NEPA – NationalEnvironmentalPolicyAct

NESHAP – NationalEmissionStandardsforHazardousAirPollutants

Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) xv


NHPA – NationalHistoricPreservationAct

NOV – Noticeofviolation

NPDES – NationalPollutantDischargeEliminationSystem

NRC – NuclearRegulatoryCommission

NRMP – NaturalResourcesManagementPlan

NWP – Nationwidepermit

OODS – Ozone-depletingsubstance

OFI – Opportunityforimprovement

PP2 – Pollutionpreventionprogram

PA – Performanceassessment

PAR – PandR(Pond)

PCB – Polychlorinatedbiphenyl

PCR – Post-constructionreport

pCi/L – Picocuriesperliter

PEIS – Programmaticenvironmentalimpactstatement

PM – Particulatematter

pH – Measureofthehydrogenionconcentrationinanaqueoussolution(acidicsolutions,pH<7;basicsolutions,pH>7;andneutralsolutions,pH=7)

POC – Pointofcontact

ppb – Partsperbillion

ppm – Partspermillion

PUREX – PlutoniumUraniumExtractionProcess

QQA – Qualityassurance

QC – Qualitycontrol

RRACR – RemedialActionCompletionReport

RCRA – ResourceConservationandRecoveryAct

RFI/RI – RCRAfacilityinvestigation/remedialinvestigation

RI&ES – RegulatoryIntegrationandEnvironmentalServices

RHA – RiversandHarborsAct

RM – Rivermile

RMP – Riskmanagementprogram

RMW – RadioactiveMixedWaste

ROD – Recordofdecision

SSA – Supplementanalysis

SARA – SuperfundAmendmentsandReauthorizationAct

Savannah I&D – SavannahIndustrialandDomesticWaterSupplyPlant

SCDHEC – SouthCarolinaDepartmentofHealthandEnvironmentalControl

SDWA – SafeDrinkingWaterAct

SE – Removalsiteevaluation

SEIS – Supplementalenvironmentalimpactstatement

SEMC – SeniorEnvironmentalManagersCouncil

SES – ShealyEnvironmentalServices,Inc.

SCE&G – SouthCarolinaElectricandGas

SIRIM – SiteItemReportabilityandIssuesManagement

SLA – Servicelevelagreement

SRARP – SavannahRiverArchaeologicalResearchProgram

SREL – SavannahRiverEcologyLaboratory

S/RID – Standards/RequirementsIdentificationDocument

SRIT – SRSRegulatoryIntegrationTeam

SRNL – SavannahRiverNationalLaboratory

SRNS – SavannahRiverNuclearSolutions,LLC

SRR – SavannahRiverRemediationLLC

SRS – SavannahRiverSite

STAR – SiteTracking,Analysis,andReporting

STP – SiteTreatmentPlan

xvi Savannah River Site


SWDF – SolidWasteDisposalFacility

TTCLP – Toxicitycharacteristicleachingprocedure

TEAM – TransformationalEnergyActionManagement

TEM – Transmissionelectronmicroscopy

TLD – Thermoluminescentdosimeter

TDS – Totaldissolvedsolids

TRI – ToxicReleaseInventory

TRU – Transuranicwaste

TSCA – ToxicSubstancesControlAct

TSS – Totalsuspendedsolids

TVA – TennesseeValleyAuthority

UUSFS–SR – U.S.DepartmentofAgricultureForestService–SavannahRiver

µg/L– Microgramsperliter

µg/m3 – Microgramspercubicmeter

µS/cm – Microsievertspercentimeter

USGS – U.S.GeologicalSurvey

UST – Undergroundstoragetank

UTM – UniversalTransverseMercator

VVEGP – VogtleElectricGeneratingPlant

VOC – Volatileorganiccompound

WWAC – WasteAcceptanceCriteria

WIPP – WasteIsolationPilotPlant

W/Min – Wasteminimization

WP – Waterpollution

WQC – Waterqualitycertification

WS – Watersupply

WSI-SRS – WackenhutServicesIncorporated–SavannahRiverSite

WSRC – WashingtonSavannahRiverCompany

Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) xvii

Sampling Location Information

Location Abbreviation Location Name/Other Applicable Information

4M Four Mile

4MB Fourmile Branch (Four Mile Creek)

4MC Four Mile Creek

BDC Beaver Dam Creek

BG Burial Ground

EAV E-Area Vaults

FM Four Mile

FMB Fourmile Branch (Four Mile Creek)

FMC Four Mile Creek (Fourmile Branch)

GAP Georgia Power Company

HP HP (sampling location designation only; not an actual abbreviation)

HWY Highway

KP Kennedy Pond

L3R Lower Three Runs

NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission

NSB L&D New Savannah Bluff Lock & Dam (Augusta Lock and Dam)

PAR “P and R” Pond

PB Pen Branch

RM River Mile

SC Steel Creek

SWDF Solid Waste Disposal Facility

TB Tims Branch

TC Tinker Creek

TNX Multipurpose Pilot Plant Campus

U3R Upper Three Runs

VEGP Vogtle Electric Generating Plant (Plant Vogtle)

Note: This section contains sampling location abbreviations used in the text and/or on the sampling location maps. It also contains a list of sampling locations known by more than one name (see next page).

xviii Savannah River Site

Sampling Location Information

Sampling Locations Known by More Than One Name

Augusta Lock and Dam; New Savannah Bluff Lock and Dam

Beaver Dam Creek; 400–D

Four Mile Creek–2B; Four Mile Creek at Road C

Four Mile Creek–3A; Four Mile Creek at Road C

Lower Three Runs–2; Lower Three Runs at Patterson Mill Road

Lower Three Runs–3; Lower Three Runs at Highway 125

Pen Branch–3; Pen Branch at Road A–13–2

R-Area downstream of R–1; 100–R

River Mile 118.8; U.S. Highway 301 Bridge Area; Highway 301; US 301

River Mile 129.1; Lower Three Runs Mouth

River Mile 141.5; Steel Creek Boat Ramp

River Mile 150.4; Vogtle Discharge

River Mile 152.1; Beaver Dam Creek Mouth

River Mile 157.2; Upper Three Runs Mouth

River Mile 160.0; Dernier Landing

Steel Creek at Road A; Steel Creek–4; Steel Creek–4 at Road A; Steel Creek at Highway 125

Tims Branch at Road C; Tims Branch–5

Tinker Creek at Kennedy Pond; Tinker Creek–1

Upper Three Runs–4; Upper Three Runs–4 at Road A; Upper Three Runs at Road A;

Upper Three Runs at Road 125

Upper Three Runs–1A; Upper Three Runs–1A at Road 8–1

Upper Three Runs–3; Upper Three Runs at Road C

Highway 17 Bridge; Houlihan Bridge

Stokes Bluff; Stokes Bluff Landing

Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) xix

Minimal ImpactSRSmaintaineditsrecordofenvironmentalexcellencein2010,asitsoperationscontinuedtoresultinminimalimpacttothepublicandtheenvironment.Thesite’sradioactiveandchemicaldischargestoairandwaterwerewellbelowregulatorystandardsforenvironmentalandpublichealthprotection;itsairandwaterqualitymetapplicablerequirements;andthepotentialradiationdosefromitsdischargeswaslessthanthenationaldosestandards.

Thelargestradiationdosethatanoffsite,hypothetical,maximallyexposedindividualcouldhavereceivedfromSRSoperationsduring2010wasestimatedtobe0.11millirem(mrem)—0.05mremfromairpathwaysplus0.06mremfromliquidpathways.(Anmremisastandardunitofmeasureforradiationexposure.)The2010SRSdoseisjust0.11percentoftheDOEall-pathwaydosestandardof100mremperyear,andfarlessthanthenaturalaveragedoseofabout300mremperyear(accordingtoReportNo.160oftheNationalCouncilofRadiationProtectionandMeasurements)topeopleintheUnitedStates.This2010all-pathwaydoseof0.11mremwasabout8percentlessthanthe2009doseof0.12mrem.

1 Requirements of DOE Order 5400.5 in effect through 2010, but sub-sequently incorporated into and superseded by DOE Order 458.1 on February 15, 2011

Extensive Monitoring; Documented Compliance Rate of 100 PercentEnvironmentalmonitoringisconductedextensivelywithina2,000-square-milenetworkextending25milesfromSRS,withsomemonitoringperformedasfaras100milesfromthesite.Theareaincludesneighboringcities,towns,andcountiesinGeorgiaandSouthCarolina.Thousandsofsamplesofair,rainwater,surfacewater,drinkingwater,groundwater,foodproducts,wildlife,soil,sediment,andvegetationarecollectedbySRSandstateauthoritiesandanalyzedforthepresenceofradioactiveandnonradioactivecontaminants.

CompliancewithenvironmentalregulationsandwithDOEordersrelatedtoenvironmentalprotectionprovidesassurancethatonsiteprocessesdonotimpactthepublicortheenvironmentadversely.Suchcomplianceisdocumentedinthisreport.

SRShadaNationalPollutantDischargeEliminationSystem(NPDES)compliancerateof100percentin2010,withzeroofthe5,059sampleanalysesperformedexceedingpermitlimits—acompliancerecordthathasbeenattainedonlyoneothertime(2007).TheNPDESprogramprotectsstreams,reservoirs,andotherwetlandsbylimitingthereleaseofnonradiologicalpollutionintosurfacewaters.DischargelimitsaresetforeachfacilitytoensurethatSRSoperationsdonotnegativelyimpactaquaticlifeordegradewaterquality.

Executive Summary

The SavannahRiverSiteEnvironmentalReportfor2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) is prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) according to requirements of DOE Order 231.1A,“Environment, Safety and Health Reporting,” and DOE Order 5400.51, “Radiation Protection of the Public and Environment.”

The annual SRSEnvironmentalReport has been produced for more than 50 years. Several hundred copies are distributed each year to government officials, universities, public libraries, environmental and civic groups, news media, and interested individuals. The report’s purpose is to• present summary environmental data that characterize site environmental management performance• describe compliance status with respect to environmental standards and requirements• highlight significant programs and efforts

xx Savannah River Site

Executive Summary

One NOV/One NOAVIssuedbytheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyortheSouthCarolinaDepartmentofHealthandEnvironmentalControl,NoticesofViolation(NOVs)orNoticesofAllegedViolation(NOAVs)aretheformal

regulatorynoticesthatallegepotentialviolationsofanorganization’spermits,orofenvironmentallawsorregulations.SRSreceivedoneNOVandoneNOAVin2010—bothundertheCleanAirAct.

Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) 1-1

This report was prepared in accordance with U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Order 231.1A, “Environment, Safety and Health Reporting,” to present summary environmental data for the purpose of• characterizing site’s environmental management performance

• summarizing environmental occurrences and responses reported during the calendar year

• describing compliance status with respect to environmental standards and requirements

• highlighting significant site programs and efforts

This report is the principal document that demonstrates compliance with the requirements of DOE Order 5400.5, “Radiation Protection of the Public and the Environment,” and is a key component of DOE’s effort to keep the public informed of environmental conditions at Savannah River Site (SRS).

Introduction

Timothy Jannik Savannah River National Laboratory

Al MamateyRegulatory Integration & Environmental Services

CHAPTER

1

MissionsSRShasfourprimarymissions:

• Environmental Management-CleaningupthelegacyoftheColdWareffortsandpreparingdecommissionedfacilitiesandareasforlong-termstewardship

• Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Support-MeetingtheneedsoftheU.S.nuclearweaponsstockpilethroughthetritiumprogramsoftheNationalNuclearSecurityAdministration(NNSA)

• Nuclear Nonproliferation Support-MeetingtheneedsoftheNNSA’snuclearnonproliferationprogramsbysafelystoringanddispositioningexcessspecialnuclearmaterials

• Research and Development-SupportingtheapplicationofsciencebytheSavannahRiverNationalLaboratory(SRNL)tomeettheneedsofSRS,theDOEcomplex,andotherfederalagencies

During2010,SRSworkedtofulfillthesemissionsandpositionthesiteforfutureoperations.SRScontinuedtoworkwiththeSouthCarolinaDepartmentofHealthandEnvironmentalControl(SCDHEC),theEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA),andtheNuclearRegulatoryCommissiontofindandimplementsolutionsandschedulesforwastemanagementanddisposition.AspartofitsmissiontocleanuptheColdWarlegacy,SRSwillcontinuetoaddressthehighest-riskwaste

managementissuesbysafelystoringandpreparingliquidwasteandnuclearmaterialsfordisposition,andbysafelystabilizinganytankwasteresiduesthatremainonsite.

Site Location, Demographics, and EnvironmentSRS,aDOEcomplexfacility,wasconstructedduringtheearly1950stoproducematerials(primarilyplutonium-239andtritium)usedinnuclearweapons.Thesite,whichborderstheSavannahRiver,coversapproximately310squaremilesinSouthCarolina.SavannahRiverNuclearSolutions,LLC(SRNS),assumedresponsibilityfromWashingtonSavannahRiverCompany(WSRC)forSRSMaintenanceandOperationsactivitiesin2008.SavannahRiverRemediation(SRR)subsequentlytookoverthesite’sLiquidWasteOperationsfunctionsfromWSRCin2009.

SRScovers198,344acresinAiken,Allendale,andBarnwellcountiesofSouthCarolina.Thesiteisapproximately12milessouthofAiken,SouthCarolina,and15milessoutheastofAugusta,Georgia(figure1–1).BasedontheU.S.CensusBureau’s2010decennialdata,thepopulationwithina50-mileradiusofthecenterofSRSisapproximately781,060—anincreaseof9.6percentoverthe2000populationinthisarea.Thistranslatestoanaveragepopulationdensityofabout104peoplepersquaremileoutsidetheSRSboundary,with

1-2 Savannah River Site

1 - Introduction

Figure 1 –1 The Savannah River Site SRNL Map

SRS is located in South Carolina, about 12 miles south of Aiken, South Carolina, and about 15 miles southeast of Augusta, Georgia. The Savannah River flows along a portion of the site’s southwestern border. The capital letters within the SRS borders identify operations areas referenced throughout this report.

thelargestconcentrationintheAugustametropolitanarea.

Water ResourcesSRSisboundedonitssouthwesternborderbytheSavannahRiverforabout35rivermilesandisapproximately160rivermilesfromtheAtlanticOcean.Thenearestdownrivermunicipalfacilitythatusestheriverasadrinkingwatersource(Beaufort-JasperWaterandSewerAuthority’sPurrysburgWaterTreatmentPlant)islocatedapproximately90rivermilesfromthesite.Theriveralsoisusedforcommercialandsportfishing,boating,andotherrecreationalactivities.

AccordingtoofficialswithSCDHECandtheGeorgiaDepartmentofNaturalResources,therearenoknownlarge-scaleusesoftheriverforirrigationbyfarmingoperationsdownriverofthesite.

ThegroundwaterflowsystematSRSconsistsoffourmajoraquifers.Groundwatergenerallymigratesdownwardaswellaslaterally—eventuallyeitherdischargingintotheSavannahRiveranditstributariesormigratingintothedeeperregionalflowsystem.SRSgroundwaterisusedonsitebothforprocessesandfordrinkingwater.


Introduction - 1

GeologySRSislocatedonthesoutheasternAtlanticCoastalPlain,whichispartofthelargerAtlanticPlainthatextendssouthfromNewJerseytoFlorida.ThecenterofSRSisapproximately25milessoutheastofthegeologicalFallLinethatseparatestheCoastalPlainfromthePiedmont.CharacterizationofregionalearthquakeactivityisdominatedbythecatastrophicCharleston,SouthCarolina,earthquakeofAugust31,1886(est.magnitudeof7.0ontheRichterscale).Withnearlythreecenturiesofavailablehistoricandcontemporaryseismicdata,theCharleston/SummervillearearemainsthemostseismicallyactiveregionofSouthCarolina—andthemostsignificantseismogenicregionaffectingSRS.OngoingstudiesbyUniversityofSouthCarolinaseismologistssuggestarecurrenceintervalof500–600yearsformagnitude7.0orgreaterearthquakes(similartothe1886event)nearCharleston.EarthquakeactivityoccurringwithintheupperCoastalPlainofSouthCarolina,wherethemajorityofSRSislocated,ischaracterizedbyoccasionalsmallshalloweventsassociatedwithstrainreleasenearsmall-scalefaultsandintrusives.Levelsofseismicactivitywithinthisregionareverylow,withmagnitudesorsizesgenerallylessthanorequalto3.0

Land and Forest ResourcesAbout90percentofSRSlandareaconsistsofnaturalandmanagedforests,whichareplanted,maintained,andharvestedbytheU.S.DepartmentofAgricultureForestService–SavannahRiver.Thesitecontainsfourmajorforesttypes:mixedpine-hardwoods,sandhillspinesavanna,bottomlandhardwoods,andswampfloodplainforests.Morethan345CarolinabaysexistonSRS.Carolinabaysarerelativelysmall,shallowdepressionsthatprovideimportantwetlandhabitatandrefugeformanyplantsandanimals.

Animal and Plant LifeThemajorityofSRSisundeveloped;onlyabout10percentofthetotallandareaisdevelopedorusedformission-orientedfacilities.Theremainderismaintainedinhealthy,diverseecosystems.SRSishometoabout1,500speciesofvascularandnonvascularplants,morethan100speciesofreptilesandamphibians,some50speciesofmammals,andnearly100speciesoffish—andprovideshabitatformorethan250speciesofbirds.Nearly600speciesofaquaticinsectscanbefoundinSRSstreamsandwetlands.Thesitealsoprovideshabitatforanumberofprotectedspecies—includingthewoodstork,thered-cockadedwoodpecker,thepondberry,andthesmoothconeflower(allfederallylistedas

endangered)—andatleast40plantspeciesofstateorregionalconcern.

Primary Site ActivitiesNuclear Materials Stabilization ProjectInthepast,theSRSseparationsfacilitiesprocessedspecialnuclearmaterialsandusedfuelfromsitereactorstoproducematerialsfornuclearweaponsandisotopesformedicalandNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministrationapplications.TheendoftheColdWarin1991broughtashiftinthemissionofthesefacilitiestostabilizationofnuclearmaterialsfromonsiteandoffsitesourcesforsafestorageordisposition.FCanyon,oneofthesite’stwoprimaryseparationsfacilities,wasdeactivatedin2006.Theotherfacility,HCanyon,continuestooperate,andanimportantpartofitsmissionistheconversionofweapons-usable,highlyenricheduraniumtolow-enricheduraniumforuseinthemanufactureofcommercialreactorfuel,akeyfunctionofthenation’snuclearnonproliferationprogram.

Used Nuclear Fuel Storage SRS’susednuclearfuelfacilitiesreceiveandstorefuelelementsfromavarietyofforeignanddomesticreactors.ThemissionoftheUNFprogramistosafelyandcost-effectivelyreceiveandstoreusedfuelelementsfromforeignanddomesticresearchreactors—pendingdisposition—insupportofnuclearresearchandtheGlobalThreatReductionInitiative.

Tritium ProcessingSRStritiumfacilitiesaredesignedandoperatedtosupplyandprocesstritium,aradioactiveformofhydrogengasthatisavitalcomponentofnuclearweapons.ThesefacilitiesarepartoftheNationalNuclearSecurityAdministration’sDefenseProgramsoperationsatSRS.

Waste ManagementLiquid Waste Operations

SRRcontinuedtomanagetheSRSLiquidWasteOperationsfacilitiesin2010,andtosupporttheintegratedhigh-activitywasteprogramandtankclosureprocess.Thisworkincludeddispositioningwastefromtankslocatedinthesite’sFAreaandHAreatankfarms.DispositioningofthewasteincludedoperationoftheDefenseWasteProcessingFacility,whichimmobilizeshigh-levelwasteinglass;theSaltstoneProductionandDisposalFacilities,whichprocessanddisposelow-activitysaltwasteinagroutform;andthesaltwasteprocessingfacilities,knownastheActinideRemoval


1 - Introduction

Process/ModularCausticSideSolventExtractionUnit,whichdecontaminatethesaltwasteandsendittoSaltstone.

Adetaileddescriptionofthesite’s2010LiquidWasteOperationsactivitiescanbefoundontheCDaccompanyingthisreport.

SRSmanages• thelargevolumesofradiologicalandnonradiologi-

calwastecreatedbypreviousoperationsofthenuclearreactorsandtheirsupportfacilities

• newlygeneratedwastecreatedbyongoingsiteoperations

Althoughtheprimaryfocusisonsafelymanagingtheradioactiveliquidwaste,thesitealsomusthandle,store,treat,disposeof,andminimizesolidwasteresultingfrompast,ongoing,andfutureoperations.Solidwasteincludeshazardous,low-level,mixed,sanitary,andtransuranicwastes.MoreinformationaboutradioactiveliquidandsolidwastesisincludedontheCDhousedinsidethebackcoverofthisreport.

Area Completion ProjectsPastoperationsatSRShaveresultedinthereleaseofhazardousandradioactivesubstancestosoilandgroundwater,withcontaminationlevelsexceedingregulatorythresholds.ThemissionofAreaCompletionProjects(ACP)personnelistodeactivateanddecommissioncontaminatedfacilitiesandremediate(ifnecessary)soils,groundwater,surfacewater,andsedimentstolevelsthatcomplywithestablishedregulatorythresholdsandthatprotecthumanhealthandtheenvironment.

NumeroustechnologieshavebeenpioneeredtoincreasetheeffectivenessofACP’sremediationeffortsandtoreducehazardousriskacrossthesite.ACPutilizesaGreenRemediationapproachtoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandothernegativeenvironmentalimpactsthatmightoccurduringcharacterizationorremediationofhazardouswastesites.GreenRemediationisthepracticeof(1)consideringalltheenvironmentaleffectsofremedyimplementationand(2)incorporatingoptionstominimizetheenvironmentalfootprintsofcleanupactions.NaturalremediesusedatSRSincludephytoremediation(augmentednaturalvegetativeprocesses),bioremediation(augmentednaturallyoccurringmicrobialprocesses),andnaturalremediation(naturalprocessestoaddresscontamination).Thesetechnologiesareprovingtobeacost-efficientmeansof

reducingrisktohumanhealthandtheenvironment,andhavebeensuccessfulinexpeditingcleanups.

CleanupdecisionsarereachedthroughimplementationofacoreteamprocesswithEPARegion4andSCDHEC.Inreachingsuchdecisions,thepublic’sandstakeholders’(suchastheCitizensAdvisoryBoard)inputissolicitedandconsidered.ACPusesastreamlinedcleanupstrategytoaccelerateworkandreduceoveralllifecyclecosts.During2010,ACPcompletedfinalremediationofMArea,thesecondlargeformerindustrialareaonSRS(TAreacleanupwascompletedin2006).

MoreinformationaboutACP’s2010operationsisincludedontheCDaccompanyingthisreport.

Effluent Monitoring and Environmental SurveillanceThegeneralpurposeoftheeffluentmonitoringandenvironmentalsurveillanceprogramsisto• demonstratecompliancewithapplicableenviron-

mentalregulations,DOEorders,andcommitmentsmadeinenvironmentaldocuments

• manageSRSeffluentsandtheirtreatmentandcontrolpractices

• identify,characterize,quantify,trend,andreporttheeffects(ifany)ofSRSoperationsonthepublicandontheenvironmentinandaroundthesite

SRSsamplinglocations,samplemedia,samplingfrequency,andtypesofanalysisareselectedbasedonenvironmentalregulations,exposurepathways,publicconcerns,andmeasurementcapabilities.Theselectionsalsoreflectthesite’scommitmentto(1)safety;(2)protectinghumanhealth;(3)reducingtherisksassociatedwithpast,present,andfutureoperations;(4)improvingcosteffectiveness;and(5)meetingregulatoryrequirements.

Releases

Releasestotheenvironmentofradioactiveandnonradioactivematerialscomefromlegacycontaminationaswellasfromongoingsiteoperations.Forinstance,contaminated,shallowgroundwater—alegacy—flowsslowlytowardandintoonsitestreamsandswamps,andeventuallyintotheSavannahRiver.Duringroutineday-to-daysiteoperations,liquiddischargesandairemissionsreleasecontaminantstotheenvironment.SRSusesthe“aslowasreasonablyachievable”(ALARA)concepttomanagethesereleases.


Introduction - 1

Pathways

Theroutesthatcontaminantscanfollowtoentertheenvironmentandthenreachpeopleareknownasexposurepathways.Apersonpotentiallycanbeexposedwhenheorshebreathestheair,consumeslocallyproducedfoodsandmilk,drinkswaterfromtheSavannahRiver,eatsfishcaughtfromtheriver,orusestheriverforrecreationalactivitiessuchasboating,swimming,etc.

Onewaytodetermineifcontaminantsfromthesitehavereachedtheenvironmentisthroughenvironmentalmonitoring.Thesitegathersthousandsofair,water,soil,sediment,food,vegetation,andanimalsampleseachyear.Thesamplesareanalyzedforcontaminantsreleasedfromsiteoperations,andthepotentialradiationexposuretothepublicisassessed.Samplesaretakenatthepointswherematerialsarereleasedfrom(1)thefacilities(effluentmonitoring)and(2)theenvironmentitself(environmentalsurveillance).SCDHECalsohadaprograminplaceduring2010tomonitortheenvironmentinandaroundSRS,aswellasneartheCityofSavannah(fortritiumintheSavannahRiver).

Research and DevelopmentSavannah River National Laboratory

SRNLisSRS’sappliedresearchanddevelopmentlaboratory.SRNL“putssciencetowork”tocreateandimplementpractical,high-value,costeffectivetechnologysolutionsintheareasofEnvironmentManagement,NationalandHomelandSecurity,andEnergySecurity.SRNLprovidestechnicalleadershipandkeysupportforfutureSRSmissions.MoreinformationcanbeobtainedbycontactingSRNLat803–725–2854,orbyviewingthefacility’swebsiteathttp://shrine.srs.gov/html/srnl/index.html.

Savannah River Ecology Laboratory

TheSavannahRiverEcologyLaboratory(SREL)isaresearchunitofTheUniversityofGeorgiathathasbeenconductingecologicalresearchatSRSformorethan55

years.Thefacility’soverallmissionistoacquireandcommunicateknowledgeofecologicalprocessesandprinciples.SRELconductsfundamentalandappliedecologicalresearch,aswellaseducationandoutreachprograms,underacooperativeagreementwithDOE.MoreinformationcanbeobtainedbycontactingSRELat803–725–2472,orbyviewingthelaboratory’swebsiteathttp://www.srel.edu/.Also,SREL’stechnicalprogressreportfor2010isincludedontheCDaccompanyingthisdocument.

USDA Forest Service–Savannah River

TheUSDAForestService–SavannahRiver(USFS–SR),aunitwithintheSouthernRegionoftheU.S.Depart-mentofAgriculture,managesapproximately170,000acresofnaturalresourcesatSRS.USFS–SRoperatesunderaninteragencyagreementwithDOE–Savan-nahRiverOperationsOfficeandimplementstheSRS Natural Resources Management Planforavarietyofnaturalresources.MoreinformationcanbeobtainedbycontactingUSFS–SRat803–725–0006,orbyviewingtheUSFS–SRwebsiteatwww.fs.usda.gov/savannahriver.Also,USFS–SR’s2010reportisincludedontheCDaccompanyingthisdocument.

Savannah River Archaeological Research Program

TheSavannahRiverArchaeologicalResearchProgram(SRARP)providescontinuedculturalresourcemanagementguidancetoDOEtoensurefulfillmentofcompliancecommitments.SRARPalsoservesasaprimaryfacilityfortheinvestigationofarchaeologicalresearchproblemsassociatedwithculturaldevelopmentwithintheSavannahRivervalley,usingtheresultstohelpDOEmanagemorethan1,300knownarchaeologicalsitesatSRS.MoreinformationcanbeobtainedbycontactingSRARPat803–725–3724,orbyviewingtheSRARPwebsiteathttp://www.srarp.org.Also,SRARP’s2010reportisincludedontheCDaccompanyingthisdocument.


Thischapterfocusesontheintegrationofnumerousenvironmentalrequirementsmandatedbyexistingstatutes,regulations,andpoliciesasimplementedthroughtheSRSEnvironmentalManagementSystem(EMS).AllcontractorrequirementsmandatedbyU.S.DepartmentofEnergy(DOE)Order450.1A,“EnvironmentalProtectionProgram,”areconsideredinthesite’sIntegratedSafetyManagementSystem(ISMS)structure.

Amanagementsystemisatoolestablishedbyanorganizationtomanageitsoperationsandactivitiesinthepursuitofitspoliciesandgoals.InthecaseoftheEMS,itisnotastand-aloneenvironmentalprogramoradatamanagementprogram.ImplementationoftheEMSenablesSRStoclearlyidentifyandestablishenvironmentalgoals,developandimplementplanstomeetthegoals,determinemeasurableprogresstowardthegoals,andtakestepstoensurecontinuousimprovement.

ExecutiveOrder(EO)13423,“StrengtheningFederalEnvironmental,Energy,andTransportationManagement,”signedJanuary24,2007,directseachfederalagencytouseanEMSasthemanagementframeworktoimplement,manage,measure,andcontinuallyimproveuponsustainableenvironmental,energy,andtransportationpractices.EO13423mandatesthattheEMSshallincludecorrespondingfederalagency-specificobjectivesandtargetstomeetgoalsin(amongothers)energyefficiencyandreductionofgreenhousegasemissions,useofrenewableenergy,waterconservation,fleetmanagement,electronicsstewardshipandpurchasing,reductionintheuseoftoxicandhazardouschemicalsandmaterials,andpollutionandwasteprevention/recycling.

DOEissuedDOEOrder450.1AinJune2008

todelineateresponsibilitiesforcarryingouttherequirementsofEO13423.Thisincludedarequirementthatintheinitialyearofimplementation(2009)andeverythirdyearthereafter,anindependentexternalauditmustbeperformedtoensurecompliancewiththeorderandconformancewiththe17elementsoftheInternationalOrganizationforStandardization(ISO)14001Standard,“EnvironmentalManagementSystem.”TheinitialexternalauditofSRS’sEMS—conductedApril28toMay1,2009—concludedthattheEMSconformedtoboththeorderandtheISOstandard.SavannahRiverNuclearSolutions(SRNS)—asthesite’smaintenanceandoperations(M&O)contractor—completedactionsnecessarytoenablethe“declaration”ofconformanceinJune2009.

EO13514,“FederalLeadershipinEnvironmental,Energy,andEconomicPerformance,”wassignedbyPresidentObamainOctober2009.Asoftheendof2010,DOEhadnotreviseditsapplicableorderstocorrespondwithEO13514.Assuch,theContractorRequirementsDocuments(CRDs)oftherespectiveDOEordersarependingmodificationtoreflecttheadditionalrequirements.PendinginclusionofthenewEOrequirementswithinapplicablecontractingdocuments,sitecontractorsandtenantagenciescontinuedtosupportgoalsandobjectivesoftheorderin2010totheextentpermittedbyapprovedcontractsandagreements.

SRS EMS ImplementationTheEMSatSRSisimplementedbymultiplecontractorsusingdocuments,programsandstrategiestailoredtoorganization-specificresources.DOE–SRoverseestheimplementationofeachstrategytoensureaconsistentandintegratedsiteprogram.TheimplementationstrategyforSRNS,astheM&Ocontractor,andSavannahRiverRemediation(SRR),managing

Compliance with environmental statutory and other legal regulatory requirements is a fundamental responsibility of all federal agencies. In 2010, Savannah River Site (SRS) continued to meet or exceed performance expectations with respect to the management of environmental protection activities related to air, water, land, and other important resources.

CHAPTER

2Environmental Management System

Michael E. Roper Regulatory Integration & Environmental Services


2 - Environmental Management System

LiquidWasteOperations(LWO),isdocumentedinthe“EnvironmentalManagementSystemDescriptionManual”(G–TM–G–00001).Thismanualcanbeviewedviathefollowinginternetlink:http://irmsrv02.srs.gov/general/pubs/envbul/documents/ems_manual.pdf.

AdditionalSRScontractorortenantorganizationdocumentsdescribingEMSimplementationstrategiesincludethefollowing:• WackenhutServicesIncorporated–SavannahRiver

Site(WSI–SRS),ProcedureNumber1–05• Parsons–EnvironmentalManagementSystem

Program,Q–PLN–J–0100

• ShawAREVAMOXServices–MixedOxideFuelProjectIntegratedEnvironment,SafetyandHealthPlan,DCS01–AHS–DS–PRG–H–40003–4

Integration of the SRS EMS within ISMSFigure2–1depictstheprocessesbywhichenvironmentallyimpactingactivitiesperformedatSRSareintegratedintotheISMS.Thisapproach,wherebyenvironmentalregulatoryrequirementsarerolledintoimplementingprogramsandprocedures,isfollowedtovaryingdegreeswithinallSRSorganizationstoreflectspecificworkscope,resources,andpotentialforenvironmentalimpact.

Figure 2–1 Environmental Management System Integration


Environmental Management System - 2

Environmental PolicyTheSRSEnvironmentalPolicyisastatementofthesite’sintenttoimplementsoundstewardshippracticesthatprotecttheair,water,land,andothernaturalandculturalresourcesimpactedbySRSoperations.Thepolicy’sobjectiveistoestablishaconsistentsitewideapproachtoenvironmentalprotectionthroughtheimplementationofanEMSasintegratedwithinthesite’scomprehensiveISMS.TheSRSEMSprovidesforthesystematicplanning,integratedexecution,andevaluationofsiteactivitiesfor(1)publichealthandenvironmentalprotection,(2)pollutionprevention(P2)andwasteminimization,(3)compliancewithapplicableenvironmentalprotectionrequirements,and(4)continuousimprovementoftheEMS.

Thepolicyisupdated,published,andcommunicatedthroughoutthesiteannually–andispostedtotheexternallyaccessibleSRSwebsitetofosterfurtherdisseminationtothesurroundingcommunity.Thepolicyletterispostedathttp://irmsrv02.srs.gov/general/pubs/envbul/documents/env_mgt_sys_policy.pdf.

Environmental Aspects and ImpactsDeterminingenvironmentalaspects(elementsofactivities,products,processes,andservicesthatcouldhaveasignificantimpactontheenvironment)iscriticaltotheEMSprocess.ItequatestoanalyzinghazardsviatheISMSreviewprotocol.IdentifyingtheSRSenvironmentalaspectsisnottheendoftheprocess.SRSpersonnelmustevaluateworkactivities,whetherroutineorunusual,todeterminewhethertheaspectsareimpactedbytheworkactivity.Thisleadstothedevelopmentandimplementationofcontrolsnecessarytomitigatethepotentialthattheactionwilladverselyaffecttheenvironment.Environmentalaspects(aswellasgoalsandtargets)arereviewedbyseniormanagementduringEMSstatusmeetingstokeeptheaspectscurrent.

AspartoftheSRSEnvironmentalEvaluationChecklist(EEC)process,themethodbywhichenvironmentalaspectsandimpactsareidentified,evaluatedforsignificance(usinga“scoringworksheet”),reviewedbymanagementforvalidationanddeterminationofmitigative/correctiveactions,anddocumented(includingsignificancedeterminations)isdescribedinthe“EnvironmentalManagementSystemDescriptionManual.”

Legal and Other RequirementsRegulatoryandDOEenvironmentalprogramandcompliancerequirementsarecontainedinthesite’sStandards/RequirementsIdentificationDocument

(S/RID),whichprovidesacrosswalkbetweenregulatoryandDOEsourcerequirementsandthecorrespondingSRSimplementingdocuments.TheS/RIDencompassesrequirementstoprotecttheenvironmentandthehealthofthepublicandemployees,includingpolicymanagement,permitting,monitoring,surveillanceandinspections,controlstandards,pollutionprevention,recordkeepingandreporting,notifications,andkeyinterfaces.AdditionalinformationonSRSenvironmentalcomplianceiscontainedinchapter3(“ComplianceSummary”)ofthisannualSRS Environmental Report.

Objectives, Targets, and ProgramsEnvironmentaltargetsareestablished,implemented,andmaintainedconsistentwithandinsupportofDOEenvironmentalobjectives,whichincludeincreasingenergyefficiency,reducinggreenhousegases(GHG),usingrenewableenergy,waterconservation,pollutionpreventioninitiatives,petroleumconservationandalternativefueluse,andincorporatingsustainablebuildingstandards.Objectivesandtargetsareestablishedto1)achievefullcompliancewithapplicableenvironmentalrequirements,2)devoteresourcestospecificpollutionpreventioninitiatives,and3)ensureresponsiblestewardshipofnaturalandculturalresourcesatSRS.

Thetargetsandgoalsaredevelopedandendorsedbyseniormanagersresponsibleforeachofthefunctionalareasassociatedwiththeobjectives.Onceapproved,leadresponsibilityforachievingthegoalsandtargetsisassignedtoaspecificorganization.Leadpointsofcontactaredesignatedandexecutionschedulesareestablishedandtracked.AnnualtargetsandcorrespondingperformancemeasurementsthatreflectprogressarepostedtotheinternalEMSwebsite,andareavailableuponrequest.

SevenspecificobjectivesandtargetsencompassingsevensignificantenvironmentalaspectswereestablishedforFY10.ThetargetsforeachobjectivewereeithermetorexceededthroughFY10.Datatable2–1(see“SRSEnvironmentalData/Maps”ontheCDaccompanyingthisreport)summarizesobjectives/targets,actionstaken,andprogress/success.Asummaryofthetable(2–1)canbefoundonpage2-4.

Competence, Training, and AwarenessThepurposeoftheSRSenvironmentaltrainingprogramistoensurethatpersonnelwhoseactionscouldhaveenvironmentalconsequencesareproperlytrainedandmadeawareoftheirresponsibilitiesto



competentlyprotecttheenvironment,workers,andthepublic.AllSRSemployeeshavebeeninformedofEMSrequirements,especiallythosewhoseresponsibilitiesincludeenvironmentalprotectionandregulatorycompliance.Allemployeesareresponsible

forsupportingandcomplyingwithEMSprogramsandprocesses.Thisincludescomplyingwithlegalrequirements,understandingpollutionprevention/wasteminimizationtechniques,andcontinuouslyimprovingoperatingpracticestoenhanceandprotectthesite’s

EMS Goal/Objective“Stoplight” Indicator

Status

Reduce building energy intensity (BTU/GSF) by 3% annually or by 30% by the end of FY15

Site energy intensity increased slightly in FY10 versus FY09 (3.3%). This is due primarily to major weather impacts, increased ARRA work/staffing, and across-the-board increases in production/mission energy use. In spite of the 3.3% FY10 increase, the site is ahead of the overall energy intensity reduction goal of a 30% reduction during the period FY03 to FY15. A summary report detailing how to comply with HPSB requirements in existing buildings was issued to DOE–SR in September 2010. Construction on three new biomass facilities proceeded well in 2010.

Purchase 3% of facility electrical energy from renewable sources, 50% of which must have been placed into service after 1/1/1999

Construction of the new Biomass Cogeneration Facility near F Area remained on schedule. Construction of the K Area and L Area biomass boilers was completed in FY10.

Reduce water consumption by 2% annually or by 16% by the end of FY15

The C Area-to-K Area domestic water supply line project was completed in February 2010. K Area well pumping was terminated as planned. As a result, site combined domestic and process water use was reduced by 11% versus FY 2009. This reduction would have been greater if not for associated ARRA/stimulus impacts.

Reduce the use of hazardous materials and toxic chemicals

1) In FY10, SRS avoided generating 838 cubic meters of radioactive and hazardous waste, exceeding the FY10 goal by 110%. Twenty-three (23) projects contributed to the avoidance efforts, resulting in a cost avoidance of $1.5 million.2) The FY10 routine sanitary waste recycle rate was 38.8%.3) The Chemical Management Center redistributed 84,773 pounds of excess chemicals in FY10, avoiding $1.2 million in waste and acquisition costs.

Construct or renovate buildings in accordance with sustainability strategies; Incorporate sustainable practices in 15% of existing federal capital asset building inventory by 2015

A 62-page summary report detailing how to comply with HPSB requirements in existing buildings was issued to DOE–SR in September 2010. The SRS Ten-Year Site Plan included an overview of HPSB efforts.

Reduce consumption of petroleum products by 2% annually through FY15

SRS petroleum consumption increased by nearly 21% (combined gasoline and diesel) in FY10 versus FY09—due primarily to an increase in ARRA/stimulus staffing and scope. In addition, DOE–HQ mandated use of approximately 60 hybrid gasoline vehicles at SRS, which also negatively impacted this metric. Hybrids cannot use blended E85 fuel; rather, they require unblended gasoline. However, the site is on track to meet the overall goal, having realized a 10% petroleum reduction through FY10 when compared to the FY05 baseline year.

Increase fleet nonpetroleum-based fuel consumption by 10% annually

During the past 10 years, SRS has increased use of E85 fuel by 350%, far exceeding the end-state goal of a 10% annual increase.

Table 2–1 FY10 SRS EMS Goals (Summary)



workers,theenvironment,andthepublic.

GeneralenvironmentalawarenesstrainingisprovidedtoallSRSemployees.Specializedtrainingopportunitiesaredevelopedbyandofferedthroughacentralizedtrainingorganizationthatreliesheavilyonthefunctional-areasubjectmatterexpertisewithintheenvironmentalorganizationforthedevelopmentandpresentationofenvironmentalandwastemanagementcurricula.

Fromaprocessimprovementperspective,theenvironmentaltrainingprogramunderwentamajorrevisionin2010tomoreclearlydefineandclarifyevolvingroles,responsibilities,authority,andaccountability(R2A2)forenvironmentalpersonnel.TrainingrequirementstosupportapplicableR2A2swereidentified,evaluated,anddocumented.Trainingplansweredevelopedforallmanagerial,professional,andsubjectmatterexpertpositions,andqualificationrecordsweredevelopedfortechnicianpositions.Anexistingautomatedtrackingmechanismwasleveragedtofacilitatemanagement,supervisory,andemployeeawarenessofprogresstowardachievingandmaintainingrequisitetrainingexpertise.

RegularlyscheduledclassesintheenvironmentaltrainingprogramcoversuchtopicsasEnvironmentalLawsandRegulations,HazardousWasteWorkerResponsibilities,HazardousandRadiologicalWasteCharacterization,ManagementofPolychlorinatedBiphenyls,andEnvironmentalComplianceAuthorities.Morethan60environmentalprogram-relatedtrainingcoursesarelistedinthesitetrainingdatabase,andindividualorganizationsscheduleandperformotherfacility-specific,environment-relatedtrainingtoensurethatoperationsandmaintenancepersonnel,aswellasenvironmentalprofessionals,havetheknowledgeandskillstoperformworksafelyandinamannerthatprotectstheenvironmentinandaroundSRS.

Resources, Roles, and ResponsibilitiesAllSRSemployeeshavespecificrolesandresponsibilitiesinkeyareas,includingenvironmentalprotection.Environmentalandwastemanagementtechnicalsupportpersonnelassistsiteoperatingorganizationswithdevelopingandmeetingtheirenvironmentalresponsibilities.SRSmaintainsdetailedmanualsonresources,roles,responsibilities,andauthoritytoassistemployeesinperformingtheirduties.

CommunicationsSRScontinuestomaintainandimproveinternaland

externalcommunicationsonenvironmentalissues.Manypoliciesandproceduresguidecommunicationsatthesite,rangingfromthegeneralsitepolicytoformsandtechniquesaddressedinfacility-specificprocedures.Additionally,SRSsolicitsinputfrominterestedpartiessuchascommunitymembers,activists,electedofficials,andregulators.TheSRSCitizensAdvisoryBoardprovidesadviceandrecommendationstoDOEonenvironmentalcompliance,remediation,wastemanagement,facilitydecommissioning,andrelatedissues.Ex-officiomembersfromDOE–SR,theU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)Region4,theSouthCarolinaDepartmentofHealthandEnvironmentalControl(SCDHEC),andtheGeorgiaDepartmentofNaturalResourcesparticipateinboardactivities.AtthecoreofthecommunicationandcommunityinvolvementprogramsaretheSRSEnvironmentalPolicy(previouslydiscussed)andtheSRSFederalFacilityAgreementCommunityInvolvementPlan(WSRC–RP–96–120,Rev5,July2006),whichisanadministrativerecordfileavailableforviewingatanydesignatedSRSPublicReadingRoom.Theultimategoalofenvironmentalcommunicationsistoimprovestakeholderunderstandingandthesite’soverallenvironmentalperformance.

AdditionalforumsforthedisseminationofinformationassociatedwithenvironmentissuesincludetheSeniorEnvironmentalManagersCouncil(SEMC),comprisedofsenior-levelenvironmentalmanagers(fromallSRScontractors)whoshareinformationonenvironmentalconcerns,regulatorymatters,SRSoperationalissues,andupcomingchangestoimprovetheSRSenvironmentalcomplianceprogram;DOE–SR’sEnvironmentalQualityManagementDivision(EQMD),whichconvenesregularmeetingswithSRScontractorsandtheDOEenvironmentaloversightstafftodiscussissuesrelevanttoenvironmentalprotectionandcompliance;theSRSRegulatoryIntegrationTeam(SRIT),consistingofDOE–SR,EPARegion4,andSCDHECrepresentativeswhoaddressissuesthatarecross-cuttingandrequirehigh-levelagencycollaboration;andtheChallenges,Opportunities,andResolution(COR)Team,consistingofregulatorycompliancerepresentativesofSRNSandothermajorSRScontractorswhodiscuss(1)emergingcomplianceorimplementationchallengesand(2)opportunitiestodevelopandcoordinateresolutions.

Operational ControlsOperationalcontrolshelpensurethatenvironmentalpolicy-relatedactivitiesofregulatorycompliance,pollutionprevention,andcontinuousimprovement



bySRSmanagementareinplaceandimplemented.Consistentwithboththepolicyandtheobjectives/targets,operationsactivitiesareidentified,planned,andexecutedtoensurethattheyarecarriedoutwithinappropriatecontrols.Fromanenvironmentalprotectionperspective,oneofthemoresignificantoperationalcontrolsistheconsistentuseoftheEECprocesspreviouslymentioned.Aseachnewprocess/activityorproposedrevision/modificationtoanexistingoperationisconsidered,preparationofanEECisinitiatedforthatactivitytoensurethatenvironmentallyimpactingconsiderationsarefactoredintofinaldecisions.

Emergency Preparedness and ResponseEmergencyplansareestablished,implemented,andmaintainedasdocumentedintheSRSEmergencyPlanandotherreferences.TheEmergencyPlanspecifiesprocedurestofacilitatetheidentificationofemergencysituationsandaccidentswiththepotentialtoimpacttheenvironment,andprovidesdefinitionsofappropriateresponsesandreportingcriteria.

SRSemergencyplansandprogramsincludeoccurrencescategorizedasenvironmentalemergencies.ProceduresanddocumentsthatguidetheEmergencyPreparednessProcessarespecifiedintheEMSDescriptionManual(internetlinkpreviouslyprovided).

Monitoring and MeasurementMonitoringandmeasurementmeansthattheenvironmentalimpactsofSRSoperationsaresampledandexaminedregularly.Thisincludeseffluent(radiologicalandnonradiological),compliance,performance,andequipment/facilitymonitoring(e.g.,calibrationofinstruments).Numerousproceduresandprocesses,manyofthemlistedintheEMSDescriptionManual,supportthisrequirement.Additionalinformationonenvironmentalmonitoring,environmentalsurveillance,andgroundwatermonitoringiscontainedinchapters4(“EffluentMonitoring”),5(“EnvironmentalSurveillance”),and7(“Groundwater”),respectively,ofthissiteenvironmentalreport.

Evaluation of ComplianceSpecificenvironmentallawsandregulationsareevaluatedandassessedonaprogram-orfacility-specificbasis.SRShasestablishedaprocessforperiodicallyevaluatingitscompliancewithrelevantenvironmentalregulations.ThisprocessiscapturedprimarilyintheS/RID,theSourceandComplianceDocument(SCD–4),

andvarioussiteimplementingmanualsandprocedures.Complianceevaluationsandassessmentsareintegratedintooperatingorganizations’environmental,safety,andhealthinspectionprocess,whichisperformedinaprioritizedfashionbyateamofexperts—includingoneonenvironmentalregulatoryissues.Periodically,environmentalsupportorganizationsconductregulatoryassessmentsinselectedtopicalareastoverifycompliance.Finally,externalregulatoryagenciesand/ortechnicalexpertsmayperformindependentcomplianceaudits.Additionalinformationonenvironmentalcomplianceiscontainedinchapter3ofthissiteenvironmentalreport.

Nonconformance; Corrective and Preventive ActionsNonconformanceandcorrectiveandpreventiveactionsincludeEMSnonconformanceasapartofthesite’squalityassurance(QA)program.TheapplicationofQAprocedures,therefore,supportsthetotalEMSprocess.Forexample,useofthenonconformancereportformappliestoenvironment-relatedequipment,instruments,facilities,andprocedures.Also,instancesofnonconformanceidentifiedbyassessmentsandevaluationsarerecordedanddispositionedaccordingtoestablishedprocedures.AdditionalQAinformationiscontainedinchapter8(“QualityAssurance”)ofthisenvironmentalreport.

Control of Records and DocumentsTheidentification,maintenance,anddispositionofenvironmentalrecordsanddocuments,requiredbyenvironmentalregulationsandDOEdirectives,arereflectedintheSRSEMS.Thesite’srecordsmanagementprogramsatisfiestherequirementforenvironmentalrecords.Specificdocumentation—suchasrecordsofcorrespondencewithregulatoryagencies,environmentaltrainingrecords,andEECs—isaddressedindepartment-levelprocedures.Forexample,RegulatoryIntegrationandEnvironmentalServicesmaintainsrecordsofcorrespondencewithregulatoryagencies.Environmentaltrainingrecordsaremaintainedbythelineorganizationrequiringandconductingthetraining,aswellasbytheSRSTrainingDepartment.EECscompletedbyfacilitiesforspecificactivitiesareforwardedtoandmaintainedbySRNS.AlistingofthesignificantrecordsanddocumentmanagementproceduresinuseatSRSisprovidedintheEMSDescriptionManual.

Internal AuditsSRSauditsareincorporatedintotheDOEand



contractorassessmentprogramstoverifythatthesite’sEMSisfunctioningasintended.Performanceassessmentsincludeperformanceobjectivesandcriteriaformanagementsystemreview.Self-assessmentsareconductedinaccordancewithseniormanagement-approvedassessmentplans.SRSutilizesaFacilityEvaluationBoardtoconductindependentperformance-basedassessmentsofsiteprogramstosatisfycontractualandregulatoryobligations.

Management ReviewTheSRSEMSPolicyrequiresperiodicevaluationsofEMSeffectiveness.Guidelinesareintendedtofocusthemanagementreviewoncontinuousimprovement.OversightofSRS’sannualEMSreviewistheresponsibilityofDOE–SR’sEQMD.SeniormanagementreviewstheEMStoensureitscontinuingsuitability,adequacy,andeffectiveness.Reviewsincludeassessing(1)opportunitiesforimprovementand(2)theneedforchangestotheEMS.Recordsofmanagementreviewsareretainedinaccordancewithapplicableprocedures.

ConsistentwithdeclarationscontainedintheSRSEnvironmentalPolicyletterandtheEMSDescriptionManual,seniormanagementreviewsofimprovementopportunitiesandprogresstowardsustainableprogramgoalsarerequired.Implementationofthisrequirementisdemonstratedvia(1)numerousmanagementforums—includingthoseconductedbytheSEMC,EQMD,SRIT,andtheCORTeam—and(2)periodicdepartmental/projectperformancereviewsandreports.

Sustainability AccomplishmentsEMS Implementation

InaccordancewiththerequirementsofDOEOrder450.1A,anauditoftheEMSwasconductedbyaqualifiedoutsideparty,culminatinginaJune23,2009,“declarationofconformance.”Alongwiththeidentificationoffivenoteworthypractices,aformalcorrectiveactionplanwasdevelopedtoaddressoneminornonconformance,threeopportunitiesforimprovement,andtwoobservations.Allcorrectiveactionswereenteredintothesitecommitmenttrackingsystem.FromthatEMSaudit(andasreportedinthe2009siteenvironmentalreport),thefinalopenactionitemwasclosedduringthe2010reportingperiod,resolvingtheprocesswherebysignificantenvironmentalaspectsareevaluated.Aformalprocesswasdeveloped,documentedintheEMSDescriptionManualandimplementedviaarevisiontotheEEC.Aspreviouslynoted,theEECisanautomatedtoolfordocumentingtheevaluationofenvironmentalimpactsofproposedsite

operations.

Pollution Prevention / Waste Minimization

SRS’sprimaryobjectivewithrespecttopollutionprevention(P2)andwasteminimizationistopreventorreducepollutionatitssourcewheneverfeasible.InFY10,thesite’s10-percentwastereductiongoalforhazardousandradioactivewasteequatedto399cubicmeters,basedonforecastgenerationrates.Usingamodifiedpollutionpreventionopportunityassessmentprocess(referredtoasPollutionPreventionActivityForms–PPAF)approvedbyDOE–SR,23P2projectsweredocumentedandapprovedforcredit,resultingin838cubicmetersofhazardousandradioactivewasteavoidanceand/ordiversion.Thisexceededthesitegoalby110percentwhileavoidingmorethan$1.5millioninlabor,materials,andwastemanagementcosts.Datatable2–2(see“SRSEnvironmentalData/Maps”ontheCDaccompanyingthisreport)summarizesFY10pollutionpreventionandwasteminimizationcontributions.Asummaryofthetable(2–2)canbefoundonpage2-8.

Concurrently,SRSannuallyestablishesarecycleperformancetargetforitsroutinesanitarywastestream.Aroutinesanitarywasterecycletargetof35percentwasestablishedforFY10,withacontractstretchgoalofmorethan40percent.SRSdocumentedarecyclerateof38.8percentforthisstream,equatingto1,022metrictonsofroutinesanitarywastedivertedtorecyclemarkets.SRSdiverted594metrictonsofshreddedwoodwaste,1,346metrictonsofscrapmetal,and103metrictonsofscrapfurniture.Additionally,theChemicalManagementCenter(CMC)distributedforre-usemorethan84,773poundsofchemicalsinFY10,thusavoidingmorethan$1.2millioninchemicalacquisitionandwastemanagementcosts.

Energy Intensity

WithregardtothecurrentDOEdirectivetomeetorexceeda30-percentreductioninenergyintensity(energyconsumptionpergrosssquarefootofbuildingspace,includingindustrialandlaboratoryfacilities)byFY15comparedtotheFY03baselineyear,SRSisontracktomeetorexceedthe30-percentgoal,havingrealizeda20.6-percentdecreasefromFY03throughFY10.The20.6-percentdecreasefactorsinanincreaseof3.3percentfromFY09toFY10,whichreflectsmajorregionalweatherimpacts,increasedAmericanReinvestment&RecoveryAct(ARRA)workandstaffinglevels,andacross-the-boardincreasesinproductionandmission-supportenergyuseduringtheperiod.AsSRS’sMixedOxide(MOX)FuelFabricationFacilityandSaltWasteProcessingFacilitybecomeoperational,thesite’seffortstomeettheenergyintensity



goalwillbechallenged.Figure2–2illustratesthiscomparisonagainstthecurrentbaseline.

Renewable EnergySRShasonebiomasssteamplantinpermanentoperationtoserviceAAreaandtheSavannahRiverNationalLaboratory(SRNL).ThesitecompletedconstructionandstartupoftwoadditionalbiomassboilersinKAreaandLAreainFY10.ConstructiononanewBiomassCogenerationFacilitynearFArea

continued,withstartupexpectedinFY12.Withrespecttorenewableenergycertificates,SRSconsumedmorethan313,000megawatt-hoursofelectricityinFY07.ThenewBiomassCogenerationFacilitywillgenerateanestimated77,500megawatt-hoursofelectricityinitsfirstyearofoperation.Thisproductionratewillbewellabovethe7.5-percentstatutorygoalforenergyconsumptionthatmustcomefromrenewableenergysourcesforFY13andthereafter.

Description Waste Type Life Cycle Savings

Culvert Opening Area Cleanup Waste Mixed Low-Level Waste (LLW) $43,520

Reuse of Asbestos Gaskets from K Area LLW $848

Rollback 105–L 910 Fan Room LLW $21,330

Modular Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction Unit (MCU) Debris to Seven Springs Landfill Avoids LLW

LLW $200,550

Segregation and Recycling of Circuit Boards Hazardous Waste (HW) ($770)

SmartPlant Foundation (SPF) Tuff Tank (Polyethylene Tank for Liquid Storage and Transport) Frames to Sanitary Special Waste

LLW $1,172

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) Waste Reduction – K Area Complex (KAC) Shuffler Project

Mixed Toxic Substances Compliance Act (TSCA) Waste

$15,857

Recycling of Lead X-Ray Sheets HW $2,305

H–12 Outfall Experimental Peat Bed D&R LLW $26,211

Reuse of Concrete Culverts Avoids Use of 24 New B–25 (Storage and Transport) Containers per Year

Sanitary $161,400

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) Tool Decontamination and Reuse

Mixed TSCA $112,030

Radioactive Liquids Managed as Scavenger Wastewater LLW $8,336

Bagging Process Water Deionizers @ K Area LLW $63,900

Recycle DOE-Suspension Nonradioactive Lead HW $53,810

Recycle DOE-Suspension Radioactive Contaminated Lead

Mixed LLW $236,318

Large Steel Box (LSB) Dewatering Savings Mixed LLW $83,252

Liquid Waste Tank Farm Debris to Seven Springs Landfill LLW $82,950

776–A Area Rollbacks from Contaminated Areas (CA) to Radiological Buffer Areas (RBA)

LLW $124,830

Admin Controls Improve LLW Segregation LLW $14,490

Legacy TRU Waste Segregation to LLW TRU $701,380

Bagging Reactor Process Water Deionizers for ILV Waste Disposal

LLW $95,850

RCRA Satellite Accumulation Area (SAA) Reduction at Tritium Operations

LLW $78,966

Radioactive Lead Recycled by LWO Mixed LLW $271,240

Tritiated Soil and Debris Remediation LLW $610,500

Table 2–2 2010 SRS Pollution Prevention Activities (Summary)



ThefourSRSbiomassplantswerefundedusingenergysavingsperformancecontracts.TheoperationalAAreaplant’stotalprojectcostwas$13.8million,withanannualsavingsaverageofmorethan$1.5million.Thefacilityreturn-on-investmentperiod(termofthecontract)is9years.

ThepositiverenewableandenvironmentalimpactsoftheAArea/SRNLprojectduring2010wereasfollows:• Coalutilizationreducedbymorethan12,000tons• Biomassutilizationincreasedbynearly27,000tons• Particulatematter(PM)emissionsreduced(PM

from411tons/yearto7.36tons/year,andPM(10microns)from300tons/yearto4.38tons/year)

• Sulfurdioxideemissionsreducedfrom1,836tons/yearto4.38tons/year

• Nitrousoxideemissionsreducedfrom256.7tons/yearto35tons/year

• Carbonmonoxideemissionsreducedfrom120.8tons/yearto105.1tons/year

• Ashgenerationanddisposalreducedfrom2,260tons/yearto300–600tons/year

• CompliancewithCleanAirandWaterActstan-dardsfacilitated

Water Management

Potablewaterconsumptionwasreducedby27percentinFY10comparedwiththebaselineyearofFY00,andbynearly2percentbetweenFY09andFY10.Whencombiningtotalpotableandprocesswateruse,SRSrealizedaconsumptiondecreaseofapproximately12.3percentfromFY09toFY10,despiteincreasesinARRAstaffingandprojects(seefigure2–3).

Alternative Fuel

E85(85%ethanol)fuelaccountedfor54.5percentofSRS’sE85andgasolineusageinFY10.About81percentofthesite’slight-dutyfleetconsistsofE85vehiclesorhybrids.Intheinitialyearofalternativefueluse(FY00),SRSconsumedabout80,000gallonsofE85.BytheendofFY10,thisconsumptiontotalhadrisentomorethan368,000gallons.Theresultisanincreaseof350percentsinceinitiationofthisfuelchoice,whichfarexceedstheend-stategoalofa10-percentannualincrease.Figure2–4visualizestheincreaseduseofalternativefuelusesinceFY01.

Transportation/Fleet Management

SinceFY99,SRShasreducedfleetpetroleumuseby46percent(Note:FY10fueldatawasdeterminedusingpre-FederalAutomotiveStatisticalToolinputs).Sincethenewbaseyearforreporting(FY05),SRShasreducedfleetpetroleumuseby9.76percent—adecreaseofabout1.5percentthroughFY09.SRSpetroleumconsumption(combinedgasolineanddiesel)increased

Figure 2–2 DOE–SR Energy Reduction Performance

Figure 2–3 Domestic/Process Water Reduction Performance

Figure 2–4 Increased E85 Usage at SRS



bynearly21percentfromFY09toFY10,primarilyduetoanincreaseinARRA/stimulusstaffingandscope.AnadditionalcontributortotheincreasewasaDOE–HQmandatetouseapproximately60hybridgasolinevehiclesatSRS.BecausethehybridvehiclescannotuseblendedE85fuel,thismandateincreasedthesite’suseofunblendedgasoline.However,thesiteisontracktomeettheoverallDOEreductiongoalof2percentannuallythroughFY15,havingrealizeda10-percentpetroleumreductionthroughFY10,comparedtotheFY05baselineyear.Figure2–5demonstratesthereductioninSRSgasolineusesinceFY01.(NOTE:TheFY10increaseisattributabletoanincreaseinfleetsizeanduseassociatedwithARRA/stimulusactivities.)

Contracts & Concession Agreements

TheSRNSProcurementDepartmenthasimplementedprocedurestoencourageacquisitionsthatcomplywithenvironmentalrequirementsasevidencedthroughvariouscontract-relateddocuments,including(butnotlimitedto)“TermsandConditions”document(theparagraphentitled“EnvironmentalCompliance”)and“RequestforProposal”document(theparagraphentitled,“EnvironmentallyPreferredProducts”).Additionally,internallypublishedproceduresaredocumentedinthesite’sProcurementSpecificationsManualandChemicalManagementManual,andanumberofprocurementrequirementdocumentsareavailableontheSRSexternalwebsitetofacilitateunderstandingofSRSenvironmentallyfriendlyrequirementsbycurrentand/orpotentialvendorsandsubcontractors.Asoftheendof2010,mostEnvironmentallyPreferredProductprocurementinitiativeshaveyieldedsuccess—primarilyintheacquisitionofjanitorialsupportandsafetyfunctions.

TheProcurementDepartmenthasnotimplemented

adedicatedcampaigntocompleteacomprehensiveevaluationofexistingcontracts.Rather,itstimelineregardingmodification(s)to“appropriatecontracts”istoaddressemergentenvironmentalrequirementsasthecontract(s)comeupforrenewalorrebidwhilereviewsofdefinedrolesandresponsibilitiesareroutinelyconductedduringthecourseofservicesdelivery.

Eitherimprovementsto,orreplacementof,existingProcurementdatabasesmustbecompletedtocapturedatadetailthatsupportstracking/trendingandprocessimprovementinitiatives.AcampaignisunderwaytoupgradeallautomatedbusinesssystemsandamongthosearetheProcurementapplications,whicharescheduledforimplementationinOctober2011.

High-Performance Sustainable Buildings – New Construction

DOEOrder430.2B(“DepartmentalEnergy,RenewableEnergy,andTransportationManagement”)stipulatesthatallnewbuildingsandmajorrenovationsinthestagesofpreprojectplanning(approvalofmissionneed)throughconceptualdesign(approvalofpreliminarybaselinerange)thathavenotobtainedpreliminarydesignapproval—andthathaveavalueexceeding$5million—mustachievetheU.S.GreenBuildingCouncil’sLeadershipinEnergyandEnvironmentalDesign(LEED®)Goldcertification.Also,totheextentpossible,andinconsiderationoflife-cyclecostfactors,suchbuildingsmustmeettheGuidingPrinciplesforFederalLeadershipinHigh-PerformanceandSustainableBuildings(“HPSBs”).Anybuildingsbeloworequaltothe$5-millionthresholdalsomustmeettheGuidingPrinciples.

SupportfortheseobjectivesisevidentintheMOXFuelFabricationFacilityadministrationbuilding,whichreceivedLEED®GoldcertificationinFY10.Thismarksamajormilestone,andthefacilityisthefirstatSRStoachievethiscertificationstatus.Additionally,theMOX-associatedtechnicalsupportbuilding,whichwillbeusedforentrycontrol/securityandadministrationassociatedwiththeprimaryprocessbuilding,isinthedesignstageandisincorporatingLEED®-Goldcertificationrequirementsaspartofitsdesign.

SRSdevelopedandsubmittedthreeCriticalDecisionPackagesforDOE–HQapprovalduringFY10,asfollows:• Approve Alternative Selection - Pit Disassembly

and Conversion Project –proposesalternativesforconstructingthePitDisassemblyandConversionProjectwithinexistingfacilitiesatSRS,primarilyintheK-AreaComplex.

Figure 2–5 SRS Gasoline Reduction Performance



• Mission Need Package - Vacate Building 703-A Project (Savannah River Site Operations Center/ Emergency Operations Center; SRSOC/EOC)–proposestoconstructanewSRSOC/EOCinamodernstructureofapproximately20,000squarefeet,housingandconsolidatingtheSRSemergencyresponseorganizationandtheSRS24/7Fire,Medical,and

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