Environmental Protection

Governments Protecting the Env.

• Environmental Issues– Atmosphere– Marine– Waste– Terrestrial

• Jurisdictions– International – National– Provincial– Regional– Municipal

Atmosphere

International– Global Warming– International Treaties– International Organizations

National– International & Interprovincial Air Quality– Hazardous Materials, Shipping

Provincial– Outdoor Air Quality– Vehicle Emissions (e.g. Drive Clean)

Municipal– Indoor Air Quality (e.g. No Smoking)– Vehicle Idling

Marine

International– Any shared water resource (e.g., ICJ)– International Treaties & Organizations

National– Fisheries– Shipping and Navigation– Exporting of Water

Provincial– System Failures

Municipal– Water Supply and Sewage Systems– Conservation Authorities

Waste

International– “Trade” of Goods (e.g. GTA garbage to Michigan)– Oceans– Antarctica

National– Federal Lands – Nuclear Energy

Provincial– Designated Areas– Certificate of Approvals

Municipal– Collection of Waste (Town or City)– Disposal of Waste (Region)

International Agencies

– United Nations Environment Program– United Nations Human Settlements Program – World Health Organization– Food and Agriculture Organization – International Atomic Energy Agency – Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change– United Nations Conference on Trade and

Development

National Agencies

– Environment Canada– Transport Canada– Indian & Northern Affairs Canada– Natural Resources Canada– Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada

Provincial Agencies

– Ministry of the Environment– Ministry of Natural Resources– Ministry of Agriculture & Food– Ministry of Health– Ministry of Labour– Ministry of Transportation– Ministry of Municipal Affairs & Housing– Ministry of Northern Development & Mines

Regional Departments

– Health Department

– Planning Department

– Works Department• Water• Waste• Sewer

Municipal Departments

– Planning Department– Works Department

• Infrastructure• Engineering • Inspection

International Laws/Treaties

– The United Nations is the main international community but are lots of other organizations that influence international law

Laws/treaties coming from other organizations include:1. North American Agreement on Environmental

Cooperation – trilateral agreement with Canada, US, and Mexico

2. Kyoto Protocol – Climate Change3. Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete

the Ozone Layer

National Laws

Canadian Environmental Protection ActDeals with:– overall environmental quality– toxic substances– federal lands– international air pollution– ocean dumping

Canada’s Environmental Law Enforcement Program

www.ec.gc.ca/ele-ale

Provincial Laws

Environmental Protection Act (Ontario)Deals with:

– cars, abandoned cars– water– waste management– ozone depleting substances– sewer system– reporting spills

Ontario Ministry of the Environment’sSector Compliance Division

www.ene.gov.on.ca/envision/scb

Governments Protecting the Env.

• Other Environmental Legislation– Canadian Environmental Assessment Act– Environmental Assessment Act (Ontario)– Environmental Bill of Rights (Ontario) – discussed

under “Individuals Protecting the Environment”

Non Governmental Organizations Protecting the Environment

• Friends of the Earth• Greenpeace • Canadian Wildlife Federation• Nature Conservancy• Sierra Club• Canadian Parks & Wilderness Society• World Wildlife Fund

Individuals Protecting the Env.

• David Suzuki

• Maurice Strong

• Bob Hunter

Individuals Protecting the Env.

• Grey Owl

• Al Gore

Individuals Protecting the Env.