Environmental Pollution & It's Control

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Environmental Pollution & it’s Control

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:

At first we thank to our honorable course teacher Dr. Arun Kanti Guha to give us such kind of

assignment that help us to gather huge knowledge about characterization of dyeing house waste

water of different industrial zones of BANGLADESH. To complete this assignment we are

really great full to him for his proper guide line. We also collected many information from the

article published in BANGLADESH TEXTILE TODAY which was also done by Dr. Arun Kanti

Guha & Md. Shariful Islam. At last it is important to that all of our group members habe done a

tremendous job to complete this assignment.




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INTRODUCTION:

The quality of water is at vital concern for mankind since it is directly linked with human

welfare.But this water is polluted day by day.Among so many reasons the most important reason

or the main culprit is the garment factoriesas well as dyeing houses.But at presnt this sector is

playing a vital role in our economy.In wet processing technology of textiles it includes somesteps such as sizing,desizing,scouring etc.Here large volume of water is used which is about(12-

65)L of water for one metre of cloth.Due to these steps many toxic materials are used.For these

reason water is highly polluted.This waste water is dumped into different areas.To get rid of

these problems area based waste water characterization is essential.We have to know pollution

levels of different textile industrial zones because different areas characterisation is different.

DESCRIPTION:

All industrial operations produce some wastewaters which must be returned to the environment.

Textile industries produce wastewater, otherwise known as effluent, as a by-product of their

production. Effluent from the textile industry is a major source of environmental pollution,

especially water pollution. Among the various stages of textile production, the operations in the

dyeing plant, which include pre-treatments, dyeing and finishing, produce the most pollution.

The textile dyeing wastes contain unused or partially used organic compounds, and high

biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). They are often of

strong colour and may also be of high temperature. When disposed into water bodies or onto

land these effluents will result in the deterioration of ecology and damage to aquatic life.

Furthermore they may cause damage to fisheries and economic loss to fishermen and farmer,




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there may be impacts on human

health. The rise in the number of

industries in Bangladesh, including

textile dyeing operations, has

seriously increased the pollution that

the country is experiencing.

Consequently national laws have

been enacted to protect the

environment from this pollution. In

Bangladesh textile dyeing is

categorized as a Red Category

Industry under the Environmental

Conservation Act (1995). In

accordance with the Act and

Environmental Rules (1997) it is mandatory for textile dyeing factories to install effluenttreatment plants (ETPs) to treat wastewater before it leaves the factory premises.(1)

ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS OF TEXTILE EFFLUENT:

pH:It is the negative logarithm of the concentration of the hydrogen ion.It is expressed as:

pH= -log()

BOD: It means bio-chemical oxygen demand.It means the required oxygen to decompose

organic matters present in waste water by bacteria through oxidation process.

COD: It means chemical oxygen demand. It means the required oxygen to decompose

chemicals present in waste water through oxidation process.

TDS: It means total dissolved solid.It is the amount of total dissolved solid in waste

water.

TSS: It means total suspended solid.

MLSS: It means mixed liquor suspended solids.




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Phenol

Alkalinity

Color

Metals

DISCHARGE LIMIT:

According to DOE(Department of Environment)the discharge limit of different parametres of

waste water is given below:(2)

Parameter Value

pH 6-9

TDS 2100 mg/l

BO 50 mg/l

COD 200 mg/l

TSS 150 mg/l

In this assignment we will present waste water characterisation of different areas

such as Savar,Ashulia,Dhamrai,Gazipur and Narshindi where large number of

dyeing mills are situated.Here we charaterized the waste water by PH, TDS,

COLOR, ODOR etc.(3)




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Here the analytical results of some areas are given below;

Table-1: Textile waste water analytical results of SAVAR area

Table-2: Textile waste water analytical results of NARSHINDI area

Sample no. Color ODOR pH TDS (mg/l)

1 Blue Pungent 10.5 2386

2 Blue Odorless 10.4 2136





1 Grey Foul odor 5.9 261



4 Black Foul odor 14 2676

5 Pale pink Pungent 6.1 288

6 Pale pink Pungent 9.8 127

7 Pale green Pungent 10.7 456

8 Yellowish Pungent 14 1638

9 Pale green Pungent 9 593

10 Pale green Pungent 10.0 390




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Table-3: Textile waste water analytical results of ASHULIA area


1 Pale blue Pungent 6.9 490


Table-4: Textile waste water analytical results of DHAMRAI area





Table-5: Textile waste water analytical results of GAZIPUR area


1 Grey Odorless 7.1 1010

2 Grey Odorless 7.3 1177


4 Pale blue Foul odor 7.5 665

5 Yellowish Odorless 7.8 501

6 Yellowish Odorless 8.8 830








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Now here, the maximum pH values of different areas of Bangladesh are given

below;

And then the maximum values of TDS of waste water of different areas are given

below;

0

5

10

15

ASHULIA DHAMRAI GAZIPUR NARSHINDI SAVAR

7.2 6.9

9.8

14

10.7

AREAS

p H v a l u e

Fig: A column diagram of maximum values of pH of different Areas of Bangladesh

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

Ashulia Dhamrai Gazipur Narshindi Savar

498 538

3304

31093226

Areas

T D S v a l u e ( m g / l )

Fig: A column diagram of maxium values of TDS of waste water of different areas




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CONCLUSION:

As we know about the importance of water and also know the importance of prevention of the

pollution of water caused by dyeing houses. But it is a positive sign that many industries are alsomaking progress in establishing and operating their own ETPs to comply with national and

international requirements, and also because of increased personal awareness of the negative

impacts of industrial effluent.(4).

REFERENCE:

1. Government of People’s Republic of Bangladesh, Ministry of Environment andForests, The Environment Conversation Rules 1997, Schedule 10, Rule 13 (Un-

official English Version)

2. www.doe- bd.org

3. Dr. Arun Kanti Guha and Md. Shariful Islam, Bangladesh Textile Today,2009,2,4,(issue1)

4. M.S.Ali, S. Ahmed and M.M.S. Khan, Characteristics and Treatment Process of Wastewater in Dyeing Plant , Paper No. 4, Journal of Chemical Engineering, The

Institute of Engineers, Bangladesh, Vol. ChE23, No.1, 2005.

Environmental Pollution & It's Control

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