environmental management and control

8/19/2019 environmental management and control

1/30

CHAPTER 2

Pollution

(Water Pollution)


2/30

Objectives

At the end of this lesson, you will be able to :Define water pollution, air pollution and noise

pollution

Summarize the sources and effects of water, air

and noise pollution


3/30

Water Pollution

The beneficial uses of water are varied and

include its use for :

drinkin and for do!estic "ur"oses

waterin livestock the irriation of cro"s

for fisheries

industr#

food "roduction

bathin

recreational and a!enit# use


4/30

Water $ualit#

Program conducting by department of

n!ironment ( D" ) #alaysia#arine monitoring program

$round water monitoring

%ontigency Plan

Surface water monitoring


5/30

Water $ualit#

D" & conducting monitoring of ri!er since '*& to establish the status of water +uality

& detect changes and identify pollution

sources

& total of manual stations located within

'- ri!er basins through out #alaysia

& Water +uality data were used to determine thewater +uality status and to classified the ri!ers in %lass., .., ..., ./ or / based on :

Water 0uality .nde1 (W0.) .nterim 2ational Water 0uality Standards for#alaysia (.2W0S)


6/30

Water $ualit#


7/30

Water $ualit#

%easure!ent of River Water &ualit# b#

EPAwater $ualit# of rivers is assessed usin two

different t#"es of data: "h#sico'che!ical

bioloical


8/30

Water $ualit#

Physicochemical

measure the causes of pollution andthe +uantity of pollutants

based on fi!e parameters: 3"D, Ammonia, 2itrate,

Phosphates (D")4

3iological measure the effects of pollution

the e1amination of suitable resident organisms

Adaptability of species in the ecology

full range of en!ironmental conditions which affect its

particular habitat


9/30

(efinition

What is water pollution5

occurs when a body of water is ad!ersely

affected due to the addition of large amounts

of materials to the water

6 the loss of any of the actual or potential

beneficial uses of water caused by any

change in its composition due to human

acti!ity7


10/30

T#"es of water "ollution

8o1ic substance chemical pollutant that is not a

naturally occurring substance in a+uatic ecosystems e4g herbicides,pesticides, ind compound

"rganic substance occurs when an e1cess of organicmatter, such as manure or sewage, enters the water4

8hermal pollution occur when water is used as acoolant near a power or industrial plant and then is returned to thea+uatic en!ironment at a higher temperature than it was originally4

cological pollution chemical pollution,organic pollution or thermal pollution are caused by nature


11/30

)ources

8here are types of sources

Point sources 2on&point sources

occur when

harmful

substances are

emitted directl# into a body of

water from

specific location

9actories, power

plant, oil refinery

A nonpoint source deli!ers

pollutants indirectly through

en!ironmental changese1ample : fertilizer from a

field is carried into a stream

by rain, in the form of run&off

which in turn effects a+uatic

life

Automobile, resident,

agriculture, urban,

construction, business,

storm drain


12/30

*on'"oint )ources

http://protectingwater.com/index.htmlhttp://protectingwater.com/automobile.htmlhttp://protectingwater.com/automobile.htmlhttp://protectingwater.com/automobile.html


13/30

Auto!obile "ollution

%auses

lea!e oil, antifreeze, grease and metals on streets

and dri!eways

emit nitrogen and other contaminants, whichsettle in water

car washing detergents contain phosphorus


14/30

Auto!obile "ollution

ow to control5

%ar pool

#onitor ; repair any lea


15/30

*on'"oint sources

http://protectingwater.com/household.htmlhttp://protectingwater.com/index.htmlhttp://protectingwater.com/household.htmlhttp://protectingwater.com/household.htmlhttp://protectingwater.com/household.html


16/30

Residential "ollution

%auses

9ertilizers

weed


17/30

Residential "ollutionow to control5

>se en!ironmentally safe cleaning products that

don=t contain phosphorus or other to1ic chemicals4

>se biological methods and traps to reduce insects,

weeds and fungus instead of to1ic insecticides and

herbicides4Plant grass or plants in e1posed soil areas

#onitor and maintain septic systems for lea


18/30

*on'"oint sour ces

http://protectingwater.com/agriculture.htmlhttp://protectingwater.com/index.htmlhttp://protectingwater.com/agriculture.htmlhttp://protectingwater.com/agriculture.htmlhttp://protectingwater.com/agriculture.html


19/30

Ariculture "ollution

%auses

?unoff from barnyards, feedlots and

cropland carries away manure,fertilizers, ammonia, pesticides,

li!estoc< waste, oil

to1ins from farm e+uipment, soil andsediment


20/30

Ariculture "ollutionow to control5

>se fertilizers sparingly4 8est the soil to see theamount of fertilizer needed

Don=t fertilize before a rain storm

>se organic fertilizers that release nutrients moreslowly

Substitute biological methods for pesticides andne!er apply them near a well or water

?ecycle oil, antifreeze, batteries, fertilizer,pesticides and other chemicals

#aintain proper storage of fertilizers, pesticides andmonitor containers for lea


21/30

*on'"oint sources

http://protectingwater.com/urban.htmlhttp://protectingwater.com/index.htmlhttp://protectingwater.com/urban.htmlhttp://protectingwater.com/urban.htmlhttp://protectingwater.com/urban.html


22/30

+rban "ollution

%auses?unoff water from buildings, streets andsidewal


23/30

+rban "ollution

ow to control5$et in!ol!ed in neighborhood cleanups4

2e!er dump anything into the ground or street and don=t

allow anything other than rain water to flow into storm

drainsWrite or call your elected representati!e and urge them

to write legislation that protects natural watersheds from

de!elopment

3usinesses should follow 3est #anagementPractices for controlling pollution, runoff and

waste disposal


24/30

*on'"oint sources


25/30

Construction "ollution

%auses

%onstruction and clearing land often put

sediment in ri!ers and bodies of water4

"il, debris, paint and other harmful

chemicals also can runoff with water and

sediment from construction sites


26/30

Construction "ollution

ow to control5

%ontrol water runoff from construction sites


27/30

*on'"oint sources


28/30

,usiness "ollution

%auses

8o1ins come from !ehicles, machinery,

cleaning products, garbage, septic systems,

to1ic waste and se!eral other pollutants

used by businesses


29/30

,usiness "ollution ow to control5

2e!er use or store hazardous materials near storm drains orwater

well&informed about the all types of pollution your company

is contributing4

@ou must understand and follow all regulations pertaining to

the storage, use and disposal of to1ic materials

mployees must be well&educated about non&point source

pollution and taught ways to minimize the impact your

company mase chemicals sparingly and ne!er use more than needed4


30/30

Effects of water "ollution

i4 Spreads Disease

ii4 Affects /ital 3ody "rgans

iii4 %auses 8o1ic 3uildup in the 9ood %hain

i!4 ills A+uatic Bife!4 %auses 9looding

!i4 %auses Algal 3loom

!ii4 Deformities of fish, birds, and other wildlife

!iii4 Differences in color ; taste beach closing

i14 ?aised and new added costs to agriculture and

industry for clean&ups

environmental management and control

Documents

Transcript of environmental management and control