Environmental Issues & Pollution Control Measures in Power Sector

8/11/2019 Environmental Issues & Pollution Control Measures in Power Sector

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, ,

EnvironmentalEnvironmental

issues &issues &

Pollution ControlPollution Control

MeasuresMeasures

in Power sectorin Power sector

Tushar Kumar

Sr. Manager ( Envt. Management)Email- [email protected]


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C


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Ranked electrification as the greatest engineeringachievement of the 20th century, ahead ofautomobiles, telecommunications, computers, andeven healthcare in terms of its positive impact onquality of life.


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C

With the onset of the Industrial Revolution, humankinds ability to extractand use energy from nature increased dramatically. Whereas biomass andanimal power fueled the agrarian boom, fossil fuels powered the Industrial

Revolution and the modern societies that grew out of it.


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World Benchmarks- Global Energy System 2000 2020 2050

Population (billion) 6.2 8 10

Primary Energy, Gtoe/yr 10 13 17

Electricity Fraction of primary energy (%) 0.38 0.5 0.7

Electricity Consumption (trillion kWh/yr) 13 28 60

Electricity Generating Capacity (thousands of GW) 3 5 10

Maximum Carbon Emissions (GT per year) 7 8 10

The world is predicted to become more and more dependent on electricity


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, 200010

Coal accounted for nearly half of the increase in global energy use over the past

decade with the bulk of the growth coming from the power sector in emergingeconomies


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C C


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C

Source Human Development Report 2007


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Energy demand driven by GDP, population and higherurbanisation

Indias economy expected to grow by 7-8%

Population expected to touch 1.32 Billion andUrbanisation levels is expected to touch 43% by 2020.

Energy per capita at 510 KwH per capita is low vis--vis aGlobal average of 1818 KwH.

By 2020, Indias energy per capita is expected to touch722 KwH per capita.

Increasing environmental concerns will play a role indetermining the fuel mix.


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Source: World Energy Outlook 2007, IEA

Coal

Gas

2010~32 GW

C

Coal

Gas

Nuclear

HydroRenewable

2017 ~ 75 GW

Coal

Gas

Nuclear

Hydro

Renewable

2032 ~ 128 GW


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C


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A .

&

, &

&


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Air EmissionsSPM,CO2, SO2, NOx

Electricity

Fuel ( Coal, Gas,LDO/HFO)

Air

Aux.Power

RecycledWater

Water

ASH (Coal)

Waste

Lub Oil/ Grease

Ferrous Scraps

Non Ferrous Scraps

Batteries

Bio-Medical Waste

Effluents

Main Plant Eff.

Ash Pond Eff. (Coal)

Domestic Eff. Domestic Waste


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A : , 2, & C2

( )

,

(1), ,

( 1), (1 &2),

, , B,

A B,

350

150

100SPM(m

g/Nm3)

NoLimit

ForSPMEmissionbef:1986

Limit150mg/nm3

(EPAct1986)

Design Criteria(


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A : ,2, & C2

B

C B C

, & B

B

220 200 & 275 500

500

B

A C

2

C C (0.2 0.6 %) 2 5 %

,

.

2 B


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A : , 2, &C2

C

B (500 )

&

( , AC)

C

(A .)

500 68.5%

A .C2 : 78300

2 : 365

: 71

81% C C

C C

B

C2

.

18.7


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Supply Side

Increased use of

Non fossil energy

Improved efficiencyof power system

Nuclear or LNGthermal power generation sources

Hydroelectric, Geothermal,Solar & Wind power

Combined cycle , supercritical,IGCC thermal power plants

Use of Extra High Voltagetransmission systems

Demand Side

Energy Conservation

Regeneration

Energy conservation in industries,households , lighting etc

Development of high efficient energy

saving applications

Concept of energy efficient buildings

Use of Regenerative systems in grid

C2 C


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A A

61 . A A

20 C.

2, , 10, 2.5 & C2

, , , , &

.

AA

C

AA CCB ( A)


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A

Presently ash generated at Coal based plants is

used in

Mine filling

Roads & Railway Embankments

Cement , RCC & HVFAC

Ash based Bricks , Blocks , Tiles etc

Agriculture

Railway Concrete sleepers ( Lab Scale)


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A C

BTPS Ash Pond covered with GreenryArrangement of Water Sprinklers

Green Cover at Ash PondLand reclamation


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CycleofConcentration

LWTP /STPs AT

Dadri, Badarpur, Anta, Auraiya, Singrauli,Rihand, Tanda, Unchahar, Farakka,Kahalgaon, Talcher Super, Talcher Thermal,Ramagundam, Simhadri, Kayamkulam,Vidhyachal, Sipat, Korba, Kawas & Jhanor

Effluent discharged from the above isused for horticulture purposeextensively

AWRS AT

Rihand, Unchahar, Kahalgaon, TalcherThermal,Talcher Super, Ramagundam,Simhadri, Vindhyachal, Sipat, Korba,Singrauli (U/c)

Above provisions at NTPC stations hasresulted in Water recycling upto 85-90%at many stations

PLANT EFFLUENT IS USED FOR HORTICULTURAL PURPOSE.WATER GRID (HDPE PIPELINE) COVERING THE ENTIRE PLANT

AREA IS AVAILABLE FOR THIS PURPOSE

RGCCPPRGCCPP


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Lub Oil , Transformer Oil , GreaseSold to registered recyclers ( registeredwith CPCB/SPCBs)

Ferrous Scrap / Non Ferrous scarp e Auction through MSTC/STC.

Hazardous Waste: Member to TSDF Facilities in states

(AP,Mah,Kerala,Guj,Delhi & UP)

At other plants kept in safe, identified places.

Batteries : Returned under buy back arrangement / obligation Domestic Waste : Efforts are being made to segregate waste at source for

proper disposal.

Bio- Methanation plant : completed at Faridabad & Singrauli & being underprocess of award at Kawas & Dadri.(Consultancy from TERI)

VermiComposting : at most of NTPC Plants Bio-Medical Waste : Disposed off through SPCB approved agencies for Bio-

Medical waste Handling


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NTPC- Committed to

protect Environment forfuture generation


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Environmental Issues & Pollution Control Measures in Power Sector

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