Environmental Education Noise Pollution Content Definition of noise Characteristics of sound / noise...
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Transcript of Environmental Education Noise Pollution Content Definition of noise Characteristics of sound / noise...
Environmental Education
Noise Pollution
Content
Definition of noiseCharacteristics of sound / noiseMeasurement of sound / noiseImpacts of noiseNoise pollution in Hong KongNoise control in Hong Kong
Definition of Noise [1]
Do you like these sound?
A
C
B Which one is noise?
Definition of Noise [2]
How do you define a noise?
Any unwanted sound can be regarded as ‘noise’
Characteristics of Sound [1]
Pure sound
Characteristics of Sound [2]
Frequency Hertz (Hz) Low v.s. High
Infrasound, Audible sound and Ultrasound
16Hz 20,000Hz
Audible sound UltrasoundInfrasound
Characteristics of Sound [3]
Amplitude Loudness of a sound
Amplitude vibration in the ear mechanism brain’s perception Loudness
Sound Pressure Level (SPL) (dB)
Characteristics of Sound [4]
Highest SPL : 194 dBLowest SPL : 0 dB
Noise Level Examples
Characteristics of Sound [5]
Temporal Variation Sound level change at different time.
Measurement of Sound
Sound Level Meter
Impacts of Noise
disturb people’s thoughts and feelingsaffect digesting systembring hypertension and emotional upsetscause allergies, enuresis, spinal meningitis
Noise Pollution in Hong Kong [1]
Types of noise Traffic – engines, exhaust pipes, horns, moving…
Aircraft – height, landing and taking-off, aircraft design …
Noise Pollution in Hong Kong [2]
Types of noise Construction – machines, building demolition …
Industrial Domestic – alarming clock, snoring noise, doorb
ells, radios/TV …
Noise Control in Hong Kong[1]
Statutory controls Environmental Protection Department
Noise Control Ordinance Labour Department
Factories and Industrial Undertakings Ordinance
Noise Control in Hong Kong [2]
Abatement strategies Protecting the recipient
Earplugs
Sound AbsorptionSound absorption materials
Noise Control in Hong Kong [3]
Reducing the source of the noise Stringent vehicle design rule Controlling traffic volume and the
traffic conditions Paving noise absorption road surface
Noise Control in Hong Kong [4]
Changing the path of noise Placing noise barriers along major
roads
To protect Student and Residents
Noise Control in Hong Kong [5]
Building noise enclosure
To protect Residents
Noise Control in Hong Kong [6]
Integrating noise reduction into building design
Noise tolerant portions
Portions not affected by noise
Noise barrier from podium
Noise Control in Hong Kong [7]
Site Planning Maximizing setback by using
recreation and garden
Noise tolerant commercial centre + maximizing setback from roads
Discussion
What are the typical noises in residential areas?What do you feel when hearing noises?Can you identify any control measures or building design that aim to reduce noise?What action can you take to reduce noise pollution?
Relevant Websites [1]
Environmental Protection Department (http://www.info.gov.hk/epd/)
Noise Management amd Policy Group (http://www.info.gov.hk/epd/noise/main.html)
Occupational Safety & Health Council (http://www.oshc.org.hk/eng/)Noise Watch Online (Canada, a non-profit volunteer organization) (http://www3.sympatico.ca/noise/)Noise Pollution Clearinghouse (USA, a national non-profit organization) (http://www.nonoise.org/)
Relevant Websites [2]
Netherlands Noise and Traffic Site (http://www.xs4all.nl/~rigolett/ENGELS)U.K. Noise Act (1996) (http://hmso.gov.uk/acts1996/1996037.htm)European Commission’s Green Paper on Future Noise Policy (http://europa.eu.int/en/record/green/gp9611/noise.htm)Environmental Protection Agency (USA) (http://www.epa.gov/docs/epacfr40/chapt-1.info/subch-G/)House Ear Institute (LA, USA) (http://www.hei.org/welcome.htm)