Environmental Assessment Report · The report is developed following the ADB guidelines to the best...
Transcript of Environmental Assessment Report · The report is developed following the ADB guidelines to the best...
Environmental Assessment Report Initial Environmental Examination (Hikkaduwa PSS Site) Project Number: 39419 August 2010
SRI: Clean Energy and Access Improvement Project (formerly Sustainable Power Sector Development Project)
Prepared by Lanka Electricity Company (Private) Limited for the Asian Development Bank (ADB). Prepared by [Author(s)]
[Firm]
Prepared by Lanka Electricity Company (Private) Limited for the Asian Development Bank (ADB).
The draft summary initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.
ENVIRONMENT ASSESMENT REPORT
Initial Environmental Examination – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
CLEAN ENERGY AND ACCESS IMPROVEMENT PROJECT Prepared by Lanka Electricity Company (Private) Limited Colombo, Sri Lanka
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 1
ABBREVATIONS
ADB - Asian Development Bank
EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment
EMP - Environmental Management Plan
IEE - Initial Environmental Examination
PIU - Project Implementation Unit
EA - Executing Agency
GIS - Gas Insulated Switchgear
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 2
Contents
PREFACE ............................................................................................................................................... 4
1 INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................... 5
1.1 INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ...................................................................................... 6
2 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ......................................................................................... 7
2.1 SCOPE AND OUTCOME OF THE PROJECT ....................................................................................... 7
2.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................ 9
2.3 TYPE OF PROJECT AND THE CATEGORY .................................................................................... 12
2.4 NEED FOR THE PROJECT ............................................................................................................ 13
3 STUDY METHODOLOGY, SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS .................................................. 14
4 RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ......................................................................... 15
5 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................... 16
5.1 PHYSICAL RECOURSES .............................................................................................................. 16
5.2 ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES ......................................................................................................... 17
5.3 SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES OF THE PROJECT AREA .................................................... 18
6 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND PROPOSED MITIGATION
MEASURES .......................................................................................................................................... 19
6.1 PROJECT SITING ........................................................................................................................ 19
6.2 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF PSS AND MITIGATORY MEASURES ........................ 19
6.3 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL ENHANCEMENT MEASURES ....................................................... 22
7 LEGAL REQUIREMENTS OF SRI LANKA ......................................................................... 23
7.1 NATIONAL REGULATORY FRAMEWORK .................................................................................... 23
7.2 ENVIRONMENTAL APPROVAL PROCEDURE ............................................................................... 23
8 INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
24
8.1 PUBLIC COMPLAINS HANDLING PROCEDURE. ........................................................................... 25
8.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN ...................................................... 25
9 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ................................... 34
9.1 PRE CONSTRUCTION PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING ........................................................... 34
10 FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................................................. 35
10.1 IDENTIFIED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT ..................................................... 35
11 CONCLUSIONS ......................................................................................................................... 36
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 3
List of Figures Figure 2.1 Map of new PSS locations ................................................................................................... 8 Figure 2.2 Map of the location – Hikkaduwa ...................................................................................... 10 Figure 2.3 Arial view of the location – Hikkaduwa ............................................................................ 10 Figure 2.4 Ground view 1 of the location – Hikkaduwa ..................................................................... 11 Figure 2.5 Ground view 2 of the location – Hikkaduwa ..................................................................... 11 Figure 2.6 Plan view - Hikkaduwa ...................................................................................................... 11 Figure 5.1 Different types of aquifers in Sri Lanka ............................................................................ 17
List of Tables Table 2.1 Scope of the proposed PSS ..................................................................................................... 7 Table 5.1 Population Statistics on project areas (Source: Economic and Social Statistics of Sri Lanka
2008) .................................................................................................................................................... 18 Table 5.2 Population Statistics on project areas - Religion (Source: Economic and Social Statistics of
Sri Lanka 2008) .................................................................................................................................... 18 Table 5.3 Population Statistics on project areas - Ethnicity (Source: Economic and Social Statistics of
Sri Lanka 2008) .................................................................................................................................... 18 Table 8.1 Environmental Monitoring Plan ........................................................................................... 32 Table 8.2 Cost Estimates for the Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan ............................... 33
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 4
Preface The Government of Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka has received a loan
from Asian Development Bank (ADB) towards the cost of Clean Energy and Access
Improvement Project. Part of the project consist of Construction of Five New GIS
Primary Substations which the Lanka Electricity Company (Private) Limited (LECO)
acting as the Implementing Agency.
LECO has carried out the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) on the projects
sites except the Hikkaduwa Site in the planning stage of the project and submitted the
Revised IEE report to ADB on October 2009.
The below given content is IEE the report on Hikkaduwa Primary Substation Site.
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 5
1 Introduction
The project proponent Lanka Electricity Company was set-up in 1983 to take-over
badly maintained local authority distribution networks in view of enhancing power
quality. ADB funded this mission from the out set funding 4 projects by which the
LECO network is developed. The requirement of enhanced capacity is in need to
supply the load growth in these areas.
At present LECO is engaged in power distribution mainly in the western coastal areas
of Sri Lanka. The franchised area is divided geographically into seven branches. The
system is served by 29 primary substations which transform electricity from 33kV to
11kV. And the distribution system consists of 1157 km 11kV circuits and 3933 km
400V circuits. LECO’s installed distribution capacity is 369 MW with annual
electricity sales of 1045GWh serving 469,000 customers. The franchise area is
approximately 289 km2. LECO purchases electricity metered at 11kV level at an
agreed price from CEB and sell at the national electricity price.
The last substations project in LECO area was implemented 10 years ago. After this
project, no capacity expansion has taken place in these areas. This has severely
affected the LECO distribution capacity and LECO is compelled to decline all new
connections leading to socio-economic impact in the most economically active area of
the country. Further, LECO is forced to disconnect loads during the productive hours
due to the non-availability of optional load transfer arrangements during planned
maintenance. Frequent blackouts have been a common incidence in these areas which
were served with a high quality supply for the last 27 years. The demand of restoring
this situation at this prime economic zone of Sri Lanka is of utmost urgency.
LECO wishes to propose three new 33/11kV, 2X5MVA substations in Katunayake,
Kotikawatta, Hikkaduwa and two 33/11kV, 2X10MVA Primary Substation in
Kiribathgoda and Nawala. The project is formulated based on LECO five year load
forecast and load flow study. The land area required is approximately 1000 sq.m.
The plots of land are identified as close as possible to the load centre and have already
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 6
purchased at commercial rates. During purchase of land it was ensured that those are
environmentally suitable for a primary substation.
The project will enhance the capacity availability of LECO to provide supply to the
suppliers in its franchised area. The reliability of the system will be restored at the
previously operated values and the losses will cease to escalate.
1.1 Initial environmental assessment
This environmental assessment has taken place at the initial phases of the project
preparations envisaging submission for ADB funding. The October 2009 submission
of IEE report did not include the environmental assessment of Hikkaduwa site due to
un-availability of a land. This report includes the said environmental assessment of
Hikkaduwa site.
The report is developed following the ADB guidelines to the best possible extent.
The lands of the extents approximately 1000 square meters were purchased by LECO
at commercial rates in compliance with LECO procurement guidelines.
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 7
2 Description of the Project
The socio-economic justification of this project is described in section 1 of this report.
The planned capacity enhancement to relieve the above described power shortages
experienced by these prime areas of Sri Lanka and to serve the forecasted load growth
for next ten years, is proposed herewith.
2.1 Scope and outcome of the project
2.1.1 Summery Scope
Table 2.1 summarise the planned capacity enhancements by the proposed primary
substations. The Sri Lanka map with physical locations of each substation is shown
in Figure 2.1.
GRID SUBSTATION PROPOSED
CAPACITY
LAND EXTENT
PURCHASED
Katunayaka 2×5 MVA 1000m2
Kiribathgoda 2×10 MVA 1000m2
Nawala 2×10 MVA 1000m2
Kotikawatta 2×5 MVA 1000m2
Hikkaduwa 2×5 MVA 1500m2
Table 2.1 Scope of the proposed PSS
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 8
Figure 2.1 Map of new PSS locations
2.1.2 Detailed Scope of Hikkaduwa Primary Substation
Capacity and the transformer configuration: 10MVA capacity in 2×5 MVA
transformers
Incomming bay configuration: 2×33kV GIS incoming feeder bays, 1250A, 25kA
short circuit level.
Feeder Bay configuration: 4×11kV GIS outgoing feeder bays, 630A, 25kA short
circuit level. 2×33kV and 2×11kV GIS transformer feeder bays with transformer
protection facility.
Busbar configuration: Single 33kV GIS busbar with bus coupler and single 11kV
GIS busbar with bus coupler.
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 9
2.2 Project Description
The Engineering, Procurement and Construction aspects of all the five Primary
substations are similar in nature apart from the difference in the Kiribathgoda and
Nawala Primary Substation capacity. Thus all four PSS are described in the below
subsection.
The project will establish four primary substations in Katunayake (2x5 MVA),
Kiribathgoda (2x10 MVA), Nawala (2x10 MVA), Kotikawatta (2x5 MVA) and
Hikkaduwa (2x5 MVA) towns in order to relieve the existing over-load substations in
the areas of Katunayake, Seeduwa, Dalugama, Dalupitiya, Ethulkotte, Nugegoda and
Hikkaduwa. The available funds will be utilized to procure equipment and associated
construction, installation and commissioning works of the project including all local
and foreign costs.
All five substations are packaged to a single contract package with parallel
implementation.
Land area involved for each substation is 1000m², which is bought over at
commercial prices by LECO. The ownership, resettlement and all access
requirements are satisfied for the proper implementation and functioning of the
project prior to purchase of the land.
(i). Hikkaduwa
Location
Facing the Suduweli road off Sri Sumangala road. Between Hikkaduwa town and
Nalagasdeniya Junction on Beddegama road. Approximately 1km from Hikkaduwa
town.
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 10
Figure 2.2 Map of the location – Hikkaduwa
Figure 2.3 Arial view of the location – Hikkaduwa
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 11
Pan Photographs – Hikkaduwa PSS
Figure 2.4 Ground view 1 of the location – Hikkaduwa
Figure 2.5 Ground view 2 of the location – Hikkaduwa
Figure 2.6 Plan view - Hikkaduwa
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 12
2.3 Type of Project and the Category
This project consists of building five new Primary Substations in small land extents of
1000m2 approximately.
According to the clause 142 of Environmental Assessment Guidelines, Asian
Development Bank, 2003, this project can be classified as follows due to minimal
environmental impact associated with the project:
Project Type: Power Distribution Category: B
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 13
2.4 Need for the project
2.4.1 Distribution capacity scarcity in LECO licensed area
At present LECO is served by 29 primary substations which transform electricity
from 33kV to 11kV. Most of these substations were constructed under ADB loans.
The last substations project in LECO area was implemented 10 years ago. After this
project, no capacity expansion has taken place in these areas. 9 out of these 29
primary substations, at present, are loaded above 90%. Another 18 substations are
loaded above their designed firm capacity (50%). Only two substations are operating
below their firm capacity.
There are 4 substations out of those 9 critically loaded substations, which have
already exceeded their rated capacities. LECO is compelled to decline all new
connections leading to socio-economic impact in these most economically active area
of the country. Further, LECO is forced to disconnect loads during the productive
hours due to the non-availability of optional load transfer arrangements during
planned maintenance. Frequent blackouts have been a common incidence in these
areas which were served with a high quality supply for the last 27 years. The demand
of restoring this situation at this prime economic zone of Sri Lanka is of utmost
urgency.
2.4.2 Policy Focus
The National Energy Policy of Sri Lanka, 2006 in clause 2.1, 2.3 and 2.8 states;
Providing Basic Energy Needs: Energy requirements to fulfil the basic needs of the
people, and to enhance their living standards and opportunities for gainful economic
activity will be adequately and continually satisfied at the lowest possible cost to the
economy.
Enhancing the Quality of Energy Services: The quality of energy services will be
ensured through imposition of appropriate quality standards and regulatory
interventions.
Promoting Energy Efficiency and Conservation: Energy supply systems will be
efficiently managed and operated while also ensuring efficient utilization and
conservation of energy.
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 14
3 Study Methodology, Scope and Limitations
The lands for the project are already procured though LECO funds under LECO
company procurement guidelines.
The literature of this study is extracted extensively from the experience of LECO staff
involved with design and land procurement activities as well as the site visits carried
out during the environmental study.
This study is limited to the information available by the time of concluding this study
and development of this report (May 2010).
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 15
4 Rapid Environmental Assessment
The ADB guidelines and the standard formats are used as the protocol of carrying out
the Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA). The proposed Primary Substation is
within the premises already purchased by LECO; the number of potential
environmental impacts identified is limited to the listed below.
Project Siting: The primary substation to be constructed is not within any of the
environmental sensitive land spaces such as natural reserves, cultural heritage sites,
protected area, Wetland, Mangrove, Estuarine or special area for protected
biodiversity.
Potential Environmental Impacts: The construction activities in identified site may
create local air pollution due to earth filling, noise and vibration due to construction
and social disturbance due to construction vehicles.
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 16
5 Description of the Environment
5.1 Physical Recourses
5.1.1 Geology and soils
The project site is located in the Galle districts. The geology of the sites is described
below
The land area is filled by latterite soil. The soil is generally reddish with gravel. The
approximate depth of ground water level is at one to two meters depth from existing
ground level.
5.1.2 Climate
Weather in the project areas stays evenly hot and humid throughout the year, with no
distinct seasons apart from two rainy seasons. Heavy monsoon rains occur between
May and July (South West Monsoon), and again between October and December,
(North East Monsoon) resulting in a mean annual precipitation of 2345 mm
approximate.
The average annual air temperature in the project area is ranged between 220
Celsius(C) and 310 C.
The air quality of the project areas tends to deviate from site to site and time. The air
pollutants in the project area are well within the range of standards.
5.1.3 Hydrology and water resources
Water resources in the project area are represented by surface water (rivers and lakes)
and ground water. The ground water in the project area is classified as shallow
aquifers on costal sand as shown on the island aquifer diagram below.
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 17
Figure 5.1 Different types of aquifers in Sri Lanka
5.2 Ecological Resources
5.2.1 Flora
The flora existing in the proposed site is predominantly home garden vegetation
common in the area. No endangered flora exists in the site. The results of the audit
carried out of the existing flora of the sites are presented in Table 5.1.
Site Plant (Scientific name)
Hikkaduwa Caryota urens
Terminatici catappa L
Colocasia esculenta
Cocos nucifera
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 18
5.2.2 Fauna
The protect sites are limited to a land space approximately 1000 square meters. Thus
the audit of fauna is not possible to be carried out in this space and such activity is not
practical.
5.3 Social and Cultural Resources of the Project Area
The main benefit of the proposed primary substations is the quality improvement of
the electricity supply provided to the area in terms of power reliability and power
quality. In this aspect, the improvement of the power quality would benefit the present
communities already electrified and enable further electrification of more households
and new industries. The section below discuses the Social and Cultural resources of
the area around the Hikkaduwa site .
The population statistics of the three districts are summarized below;
Districts Population as at
2001
Percentage of
Population w.r.t the
Country Total
Population Density
(per km2)
Galle 990,500 5.28 637
Table 5.1 Population Statistics on project areas (Source: Economic and Social
Statistics of Sri Lanka 2008)
The Population statistics on Religion and Ethnicity of the three districts are
summarized below;
Population by Religion %
Districts Buddhist Hindus Muslims Christians Others
Galle 94.1 1.6 3.6 0.7 0.00
Table 5.2 Population Statistics on project areas - Religion (Source: Economic and
Social Statistics of Sri Lanka 2008)
Population by Ethnicity %
Districts Sinhalese Sri Lankan
Tamils
Indian
Tamils
Moors Burgers Malays Others
Galle 94.3 1.2 0.9 3.6 0.0 0.0 0.0
Table 5.3 Population Statistics on project areas - Ethnicity (Source: Economic and
Social Statistics of Sri Lanka 2008)
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 19
6 Potential Environmental Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures The potential environmental impacts discussed in this section are identified by the
Rapid Environmental Assessment process. The protocol used is the ADB guidelines
for Rapid Environmental Assessment and the Rapid Environmental Assessment
checklist for Transmission Projects.
6.1 Project Siting
The Hikkaduwa primary substations are to be built in LECO owned land procured
through standard procurement procedure at commercial rate. There are no specific
environmental concerns as any relocation of people or significant clearing of
vegetation is not involved. The land of concern is already cleared and covered with
shrubs and home garden vegetations.
6.2 Potential Environmental Impacts of PSS and Mitigatory
Measures
6.2.1 Environmentally sensitive area
The proposed primary substation site will encroach into protected area not
environmentally sensitive zone of the country. There is no envisaged environmental
impact to the water hydrology or the existing waterways. The land is adjoining a
storm water canal and neither the primary substation construction nor the operation
will hinder the water flow of this water way.
6.2.2 Storm Water
The proposed primary substation will have a properly designed storm water collection
and drainage system including the gravel seepage surfaces, covered drains with proper
gulley system which will output the storm water collection at the primary substation
surface to the road side drainage system or existing waterways as permitted by the
geography of the site.
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 20
6.2.3 Water Quality
There is no spillage of chemicals or other potential pollutant to the water resources
during the normal operation of the primary substation. During an emergency there is
a possibility of a leakage of transformer oil from the power transformers located at
site. Thus the transformer foundations are designed to comprise of a containment pit
so that the entire volume of transformer oil available in each transformer can be held
within the foundation. Thus in a rare event of spillage, transformer oil does not
interface with the primary substation ground surface or the water resources of the
vicinity.
6.2.4 Air Pollution
There is no activity associated with air pollution such as rock crushing. The GIS
equipment is associated with SF6 pressure gauges and protection interlocks with
indications so that even minute leakage of SF6 is immediately detected and corrected.
Further the PSS commissioning test protocol include SF6 gas leakage testing of each
GIS interface of the PSS equipment panel so that SF6 gas used for insulation is
ensured to be well sealed within the compartments.
6.2.5 Noise and Vibration
During the civil construction there is a possibility of earth filling. Since the
associated soil volumes are small the equipment employed will be small compactors
and lorries commonly used in public building construction sites and road construction
sites. Thus the associated noise levels would be within the acceptable limits
stipulated in the Sri Lanka’s noise regulations published in the Government Gazette
dated 21st May, 1996, under the environment Act No 47 of 1980 applicable to the
respective locations and as quoted below.
During construction: Day time 75dB(A),
Night time 50dB(A)
During Operation: Low noise areas Day time 50dB(A),
Night time 50dB(A)
Medium noise areas Day time 63dB(A)
Night time 50dB(A)
Silent Zones Day time 50dB(A)
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 21
Night time 45dB(A)
During the operation of the PSS, only source of noise will be the operational 50Hz
hum of the transformer which is controlled in compliance with IEC standards and
measured during the type test of the transformer as per IEC 60551.
6.2.6 Social conflicts due to the civil roads for construction
The proposed site is accessed from a main B class road with less than 100m
provincial roads. The construction activities envisaged in PSS is very small and no
heavy transportation involved activities such as piling and major filling is required.
The civil contractors will be instructed to use covered lorries for construction material
transport which is anyway a legal requirement of Sri Lanka and reduce any damages
to the public roads. In an event of such damage the road will be repaired by the
contractors under the supervision of LECO.
6.2.7 Health Hazards
There is no health hazard envisaged during the construction or operation of these
Primary Substations. The exposure to electromagnetic fields is negligible since the
electrical designs of the substations are carried out with the proper high voltage
clearance as per IEC standards. Further since the substation is GIS, most of the high
voltage surfaces are encapsulated within metal clad enclosures solidly grounded.
6.2.8 Risks of Accidents
The risk of accident to project staff, operational staff or the general public due to fire,
electric shock, explosion etc. are minimised by
a. selection of GIS switchgear, Transformers and other substation equipment
complying to international standards with proper type test certificates and
functional test equipment from reputed manufacturers who has experience of
providing such equipment for primary substations.
b. Implementation of safety awareness protocol during the operations of the
primary substations, and
c. Provision of proper site safety guidelines with safety equipment such as fire
extinguishers, warning tapes and barriers during the construction phase of the
project.
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 22
6.2.9 Waste disposal and Removal
The generation of waste by a Primary Substation is negligible during construction as
well as operational phases. During the construction major waste generation is by the
packing material and any scrap material associated with civil works. The packing
material will be disposed by the means approved by the local government and scrap
material will be sold to re-cycling agents. During the operational phase, the major
waste generation is by the waste transformer oil during oil filtration. The waste
transformer oil will be transported to CEB central stores and disposed as per the
methods approved by the Central Environmental Authority.
6.3 Potential Environmental Enhancement Measures
In the proposed land, the scope of project includes construction of periphery wall
acting as a physical and noise barrier between the primary substation and the adjacent
privately owned land to both ensure noise reduction and access control.
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 23
7 Legal requirements of Sri Lanka
7.1 National Regulatory Framework
The Central Environmental Authority was established by National Environment Act
No 47 of 1980 which was twice amended as Acts No 56 of 1988 and 53 of 2000.
National Environmental (Protection and Quality) Regulations No 1 of 1990
establishes the procedure for the application of an environmental license for an
industry. Further this regulation specifies the quality limits for the discharge of
effluents from industrial and other activities.
Further National Environmental approval procedure for prescribed projects by a
project approving agency is stipulated in National Environment (Procedure for the
Approval of Projects) Regulations No 1 of 1993. Further this act established the list
of prescribed projects for which a prior Environmental approval (EIA/IEE) is
mandatory. This procedure is amended by Amended Regulations published in year
2000 (Procedure for Approval of Projects) which established a list of
industries/operations for which such an Environmental approval is required.
National Environmental (Noise Control) Regulations No 1 of 1996 stipulates the
national Noise control regulations and standards.
7.2 Environmental Approval Procedure
The construction of Primary substations is not a prescribed project under Regulation
No 1 of 1993. Thus no formal EIA or IEE is required by the national regulatory
framework.
However the approval from the local authority for the construction project is required.
LECO will timely apply for such approval and liaise with the local authorities towards
approval.
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 24
8 Institutional Requirements and Environmental Management Plan
The project will be managed by the project implementation unit headed by a project
manager, who is a senior engineer of LECO. There will be a project engineer, and
project supervisor for each construction site to handle the construction work. Further
there will be a social and environmental officer to specifically handle and coordinate
problems related to the environmental and social aspects of the project. LECO
through their project implementation unit will bear the full responsibility of the
environmental monitoring and management activity discussed in this IEE to achieve
best environmental practices in compliance and exceeding the requirements of
National Environmental Guidelines as well as ADB Environmental Guidelines.
The IEE would be made available to the Project manager, project implementation unit
as well as to the contractor. The selected contractor/s is responsible for implementing
appropriate mitigation measures. And project implementation unit will conduct
monthly reviews and audits to monitor the project during implementation, to examine
compliance with the conditions stipulated in the approval issued. Further it will
coordinate all environment-related issues and activities, and the LECO will provide
the necessary manpower and financial resources for the same.
The Lanka Electricity Company (LECO) has past experience in handling the projects
similar to this nature. The last power system expansion project funded by ADB
(sector loan (No. 1414 SRI (SF)) was done in 1996 to 2000, consisted with
implementation of five primary substations and LECO distribution system
development. The LECO as an executing agency had good reputation to carry out the
project with proper environmental measures. Further LECO worked with ADB with
its Secondary Towns Power Distribution project I and II under Loan No 732-SRI (SF)
and 870-SRI (SF). This too included Distribution system expansion, rehabilitation and
capacity augmentation.
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 25
8.1 Public Complains Handling Procedure.
LECO attributes highest priority to the public concerns associated with any of their
projects both during the construction and operation phases. Any complaints and
concerns of public either affected or others will first be dealt by the LECO site staff.
If the concerns demand augmentation of the construction related activities, the
mitigatory measures will be implemented through the contractors. If otherwise which
demands governmental interventions and procedural action then the complaints will
be channelled to the respective government divisional secretaries.
8.2 Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan
The direct responsibility of implementing the provisions of this IEE, the conditions
stipulated by the CEA in project approval, governmental orders through DS and any
local authority regulations is with the LECO project manger. LECO will facilitate
and coordinate this activity through their operational division as and when required.
Table 8.1 shows the comprehensive environmental management plan as per the ADB
standard format.
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 26
Project activity Potential impact Proposed mitigation measure
Parameter to be monitored
Measurement and frequency
institutional responsibility
Implementation schedule
Pre – Construction
Grid substation augmentation and the new SCC
Disturbance to people occupying land adjacent to the GS, owing to land filling and construction
Maintain adequate clearance between the dwellings and retaining structures to be built at two GS where land filling is required
Proximity to houses and other buildings
During the design LECO
Before the GS augmentation structural layout is finalized
Additional storm water releases
Examine the capacity of existing storm water outlets to carry the additional volume, release storm water only to designated drains or water ways, as instructed by the local authority
Volume and direction of storm water release
During the design LECO
Before the GS augmentation structural layout is finalized
GS Equipment specifications and design parameters
Release of harmful chemicals and gases
Polly Chlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) will not be used in substation transformers or any other equipment.
Transformer design, and coolants and operating media used in all GS
Exclusion of PCBs in transformers stated in tender specification
During tendering and tender evaluation
GS location and design
Displacement/ Relocation of housing
Select a land with no buildings or houses, preferably
House and other buildings to be demolished/relocated
During land selection and route selection for each
LECO Before the line route and GS locations finalized
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 27
state-owned land transmission
GSS location Exposure to noise
Design and location of transformers to comply with Sri Lanka noise regulations, noise levels specified in bid docs.
Expected noise emissions based on substation design
During factory tests and after commissioning
LECO
Before the GS locations and transformer locations are finalized
Escape of polluting materials
Environmental pollution
Transformers designed with oil spill containment pit, and with emergency oil release and storage system.
Equipment specifications with respect to potential pollutants, and compliance with design specifications
During commissioning tests and compliance checking of civil works
LECO During design of the GSS
GSS to include storm water drainage and sewage disposal systems to avoid surface water pollution.
Substation storm water discharge sewage design
Bid documents to mention detailed specifications, and compliance checking after construction.
LECO
During design and construction of GSS.
Explosions/ Fire Hazards to life
Design of GSS to include fire detection and control systems and firewalls.
Substation design compliance with fire prevention and control codes in Sri Lanka
Bid documents to mention detailed specifications, and Compliance checking after construction.
LECO
During design and construction of GSS.
Provision of fire fighting equipment to be located close to transformers.
Construction Equipment layout Noise and Construction Construction Construction LECO Throughout the
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 28
and installation vibrations caused during construction actives
techniques and machinery selection seeking to minimize ground disturbance.
techniques and machinery used by contractors
techniques and machinery creating minimal ground disturbance, before commencement of site work
construction period
Mechanized construction
Noise, vibration and operator safety
Construction equipment to be well maintained.
Construction equipment status, hours of operation, maintenance
Observations during site visits, as frequently as required
LECO Throughout the construction period
Temporary blockage, loss of service of utilities
Loss of power supply to local areas, when distribution lines crossing the new transmission lines are switched off
Minimize the duration of line shutdown by careful programming of work
Total hours of power shutdown
Regularly during the period of stringing the conductors.
LECO and Contractor
Throughout the construction period
Site clearance at GSS
No impact to the external environment
Debris to be disposed of in accordance with local authority regulations and advise
Method and location disposal of debris
When the site is cleared by the contractor
LECO and Contractor
Throughout the construction period
Storage of chemicals and materials
Contamination of receptors (land, water, air)
Transformer oil will be securely stored above high flood level, until the transformer(s) are filled-up.
Location of transformer; spill reports (type of material spilled, amount in m3) and action taken to control and clean up spill
Examined by the project engineer at each site visit
LECO and Contractor
Construction period
Provision of facilities for
Contamination of receptors (land,
Construction workforce
Amenities for workforce facilities
sanitation, water supply and waste
LECO and Contractor
Construction period
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 29
construction workers
water, air) temporary facilities to include proper sanitation, water supply and waste disposal facilities.
disposal facilities once each new facility
Encroachment in to farmland
Loss of agricultural productivity
Avoid period of cultivation in paddy fields and chena land
Land area of active agriculture lost at each tower footings and along the transmission corridor
Monthly report of the status
LECO and Contractor
Construction period
Uncontrolled erosion/ silt runoff
Soil loss, downstream siltation at sites adjoining GSS
Staged compaction of filling at two GSS, covered gravel stockpile and loose material
Visual observation of run off and siltation of storm water drains
Monthly report of the status
LECO and Contractor
Construction period
Nuisance to nearby properties
Losses to neighbouring land uses/ values
Contract specifying careful construction practices.
Contract
Incorporating good construction management practices, regularly during construction
LECO and Contractor
Construction period
Health and safety
Injury and sickness of workers and members of the public
Contract provisions specifying minimum requirements for construction camps
Contract clauses (number of incidents and total lost-work days caused by injuries and sickness)
Contract clauses compliance- once every quarter
LECO and Contractor
Construction period
Contractor to prepare and implement a health and safety plan.
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 30
Contractor to arrange for health and safety training sessions
Inadequate construction stage monitoring
Likely to increase damages, lost time
environmental monitoring personnel and project engineers/ other staff
Training schedules and training coverage
Number and coverage of programs attended by each person
LECO and Contractor
Construction period
Implementation of effective environmental monitoring and reporting system using checklist of all contractual environmental requirements
Respective contract checklists and remedial actions taken thereof.
Submission of duly completed checklists of all contracts for each site, once prepared to be used thereafter
Appropriate contact clauses to ensure satisfactory implementation of contractual mitigation measures.
Compliance report related to environmental aspects for the contract
Submission of duly completed compliance report for each contract- once
Operation and Maintenance
Transformer Oil spillage
Contamination of land/ nearby water bodies
Substation transformers located within secure and impervious sump areas with a storage capacity of at least 100% of the capacity of
Transformer oil sump checked through physical measurement of volume and visual inspection
Oil sump volume and permeability once after completion,
LECO During operations
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 31
oil in transformers and associated reserve tanks.
Inadequate provision of staff/ workers health and safety during operations
Injury and sickness of staff/ workers
Careful design using appropriate technologies to minimize hazards
Usage of appropriate technologies (lost work days due to illness and injuries)
Preparedness level for using these technologies in crisis - once a year
LECO
Included in design and monitored throughout operation
Safety awareness rising for staff.
Training/awareness s programs
Number of programs and percent of staff/ workers covered in safety once a year
Preparation of fire emergency action plan and training given to staff on implementing emergency action plan Provide adequate sanitation and water supply facilities
Provision of facilities Complaints received from staff, regularly
Electric shock hazards
Injury/ mortality y to staff and public
Careful design using appropriate technologies to minimize hazards
Usage of appropriate technologies (number of injury incidents, lost work days)
Preparedness level or using these technologies in crisis - once a year technologies in crisis - once a month
LECO
Included in design and monitored throughout operation
Security fences around substations
Maintenance of fences Report on
maintenance - every 2 weeks
Appropriate warning signs on facilities
Maintenance of warning signs
Electricity safety awareness raising in Project areas
Training/awareness s programs for all Concerned parties
Number of programs and Percent of total
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 32
persons covered - once a year
Operations and maintenance staff skills less than acceptable
Unnecessary environmental losses of various types
Adequate training in O&M to all relevant staff of substations Maintenance crews.
Training/ awareness programs for all relevant staff
Number of programs and percent of staff covered-once a year
LECO Throughout operation Preparation and
training in the use of O&M manuals and standard operating
Inadequate periodic environmental monitoring. Environmental monitoring.
Diminished ecological and social values.
Staff to receive training in environmental monitoring of project operations and maintenance activities.
Training/ awareness s programs for all relevant staff
Number of programs and percent of staff covered-once a year
LECO Throughout operation
Noise related Nuisance to neighboring properties
Substations sited and designed to ensure noise will not be a nuisance.
Noise levels (dB(a))
Noise levels at boundary nearest to properties and consultation with affected parties if any - once a year
LECO Throughout operation
Table 8.1 Environmental Monitoring Plan
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 33
Item Sub-Item Total Cost (LKR million)Mitigatory measures described in this IEE
Sub items in Environmental Monitoring Plan
6.00
Implementation, Monitoring and Auditing
0.50
Sub-Total 6.50 Contingency to account for any unforeseen requirements
10% 0.65
Total =7.15
Table 8.2 Cost Estimates for the Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 34
9 Public Consultation and Information Disclosure
The proposed site for the primary substations is owned to LECO and has no significant
public impacts. But the substation site is located in a residential area. Thus if public
needs any information regarding the construction and operation of the primary
substations, then such clarification requests are directed to LECO, specially if those are
related to the land associated matters by adjacent neighbours. If further clarifications
are required then such would be provided though the DS upon written request from the
public concerned. LECO will provide all necessary information as directed by the DS
limited to the contractual and information disclosure requirements.
9.1 Pre Construction Public Consultation Meeting
At the time of this report, pre construction public consultation meetings with the
affected parties were carried out by LECO.
The public were given all necessary information regarding the construction of Primary
Substations, its locations, suitability and selection of the locations, construction works
to be carried out, procedure to be adhering for any public complaints and
environmentally mitigation measures to be carried out with the project. Further,
explained the benefit of the proposed primary substations to the quality improvement of
the electricity supply provided to the area in terms of power reliability and power
quality and the national importance of the project. No specific comments were received
during these consultation meetings regarding the project site locations and its negative
impact to the neighbouring people. Full description of these meetings is presented in
the annexed document on Customer Consultative Meetings.
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 35
10 Findings and Recommendations
This IEE study is conducted in view of identifying the potential environmental risks
and mitigatory plans related to such.
Project Justification:
The LECO licensed areas are presently undergoing capacity limitations due to the
overloading of the respective primary substations. This has hindered the social and
economic growth of these prime areas of the country. This project is the first phase of
the capacity enhancement of LECO which alleviate Galle area capacity problems.
10.1 Identified Environmental Impacts of the project
No major environmental impacts are identified in this IEE associated with the
construction of the proposed primary substation. The small quantities of earth filling
associated will not create environmental impact provided that managed carefully. The
accesses to all lands are though the public roads which do not need any augmentations
or new constructions. No relocation of assists owned to members of public is required.
The standard practice of PSS design will be adopted in ensuring the transformer oil
spillage control and provision of proper electromagnetic clearances. Further
international standards associated with transformer noise limits will be ensured in
procurement through the type and factory testing of the power transformers. LECO
will implement the safety practices during construction and CEB will implement their
health and safety standards during the operation of the primary substation.
Initial Environmental Examination Report – Hikkaduwa PSS Site August 2010
Page 36
11 Conclusions
The proposed project is a Power Transmission Project classified under ADB
environmental classification to Category B. There will be no involuntary relocation of
private or public property. There are no major environmental impacts associated with
the constructional and operational phases of this project. The careful management of
the project construction activity and thereafter the implemented asset this project will
environmentally acceptable and compatible with any other similar primary substation
construction project.