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Republic of Kenya

Environmental and Social Management Framework

for

KENYA AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AND AGRIBUSINESS PROJECT (KAPAP);

and

KENYA ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN ARID AND SEMI-ARID LANDS PROJECT (KACCAL)

Revised July 2012

E1783 v4

Acronyms and Abbreviations AGOA African Growth Opportunity ActALRMP Arid Lands Resource Management ProjectASAL Arid and Semi-Arid LandsATIRI Agricultural Technology and Information Response InitiativeBMP Best Management PracticesBP Bank ProcedureCAC Catchment Area CoordinatorCAP Community Action PlanCAPs Community Action PlansCAS Country Assistance StrategyCBO Community Based OrganizationCBS Central Bureau of StatisticsCCC Climate Change CoordinatorCDD Community-driven developmentCGIAR Consultative Group on International Agricultural ResearchCIG Common Interest GroupCMS Convention on Migratory Species of Wild AnimalsCPIA Country Policy and Institutional AssessmentCWG Community Working GroupDANIDA Danish International Development AgencyDCU District Coordination UnitsDDO District Development OfficerDEC District Environment CommitteeDEO District Environment OfficerDfID Department for International Development (UK)DRSRS Department of Resource Survey and Remote SensingDSC District Steering CommitteeDSDO District Social Development OfficerDSG District Steering GroupDTT District Training TeamEA Environmental AssessmentEIA Environmental Impact AssessmentEMCA Environmental Management and Co-ordination ActEMF Environmental Management FrameworkEMP Environmental Management PlanENSO El Niño Southern OscillationERS Economic Recovery Strategy for Wealth and Employment CreationESA Environmental and Social AssessmentESMF Environmental and Social Management FrameworkEU European UnionFAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsFEWSNET Famine Early Warning System-NetworkFFS Farmer Field SchoolsFM Financial managementGDP Gross domestic productGEF Global Environment FacilityGHGs Greenhouse GasesGMP Good Management PracticesGMT Good Management TechnologiesGOK Government of KenyaIBA Important Bird AreaICB International Competitive Bidding

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ICC Inter-Ministerial Coordinating CommitteeICM Integrated Crop ManagementICPAC IGAD Climate Prediction and Application CentreICRAF International Council for Research on AgroforestryIDA International Development AssociationIDA International Development AssociationIDRC International Development Research Centre (Canada)IFAD International Fund for Agricultural DevelopmentIFR Interim Financial ReportIGAD Intergovernmental Authority on DevelopmentIMCE Inter-Ministerial Committee on EnvironmentIPM Integrated Pest ManagementIPO Indigenous Peoples OrganizationIPP Indigenous Peoples PlanIPPF Indigenous Peoples Planning FrameworkIPs Indigenous PeoplesIRMPF Institutional Risk Management Policy FrameworkIRR Internal rate of returnISC Inter-Ministerial Steering CommitteeJICA Japan International Cooperation AgencyKACCAL Kenya Climate Change Adaptation in the Arid and Semi Arid LandsKAPAP Kenya Agricultural Productivity and Agribusiness ProjectKARI Kenya Agricultural Research InstituteKARI Kenya Agricultural Research InstituteKEFRI Kenya Forestry Research InstituteKEMRI Kenya Medical Research InstituteKFSM Kenya Food Security MeetingKMFRI Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research InstituteKS KAPAP SecretariatKWS Kenya Wildlife ServiceM&E Monitoring and EvaluationMET(s) Mobile Extension Team(s)MG & SS Ministry of Gender and Social ServicesMIS Management information systemMoA Ministry of AgricultureMoH Ministry of HealthNALEP National Agricultural and Livestock Extension ProjectNCB National Competitive BiddingNEMA National Environment Management AuthorityNGO Non-Governmental OrganizationNPV Net present valueNRM Natural resource managementOAC Operation Area CoordinatorODA Overseas development assistancePCU Project Coordination UnitPEO Provincial Environment OfficerPMP Pest Management PlanPRA Participatory Rural AppraisalPRSP Poverty Reduction Strategy PaperRAP Resettlement Action PlanRSU Regional Service UnitSA Social AnalysisSC Steering CommitteeSCCF Special Climate Change FundSIDA Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency

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SRA Strategy for Revitalizing AgricultureSWAp Sector-Wide ApproachTN Total NitrogenTOR Terms of ReferenceTP Total PhosphorusUNCCD United Nations Convention to Combat DesertificationUNDP United Nations Development ProgramUNEP United Nations Environment ProgrammeUNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate ChangeUSAID United States Agency for International DevelopmentVFF Village Farmers ForumWHO World Health OrganizationWKCDD&FM Western Kenya Community Driven Development and Flood Mitigation

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Executive Summary

1. The Government of Kenya (GoK) has requested support from the World Bank for the implementation of two projects, Kenya Agricultural Productivity and Agri-business Project (KAPAP), and Kenya Adaptation to Climate Change in Arid and Semi-arid Lands (KACCAL) both operating in Arid and Semi-Arid Lands of Kenya (KAPAP also operates in other regions of the country as described below).

2. This report is the Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) to be used jointly for both projects, in order to ensure that all environmental and social safeguards are adequately addressed by the projects.

3. The two projects: KAPAP and KACCAL will contribute to the revitalization of agriculture by:

a. Making resources available and strengthen the capacity of agricultural producers and other resource users to: (1) adopt good practices and technologies to mitigate land degradation and achieve greater productivity of crops, trees and livestock; (2) enhance understanding of climate change and its impacts nationally and in local regions; (3) recommend vulnerability assessment, impact monitoring and capacity building framework needs as a response to climate change; and (4) adopt sustainable alternative livelihood options to diversify and increase income, and reduce the pressure on the natural resources.

b. Enhancing the institutional capacity of all relevant stakeholders to promote sustainable land management practices and alternative livelihood strategies based on participatory and demand-driven approaches.

c. Evaluating the impact of existing policies affecting the management of natural resources and contribute to the removal of barriers hindering the widespread adoption of SLM practices and ‘smart agriculture’.

d. Facilitating the exchange of information on best practices in sustainable land management among farmers, communities, extension agents, researchers, development partners, and policy makers.

4. The projects are addressing the fundamental features of the Government’s strategies for development and poverty alleviation as specified in the Kenya Vision 2030 and in the Agricultural Sector Development Strategy (ASDS) which has specifically identified five critical areas requiring public action in the modernization process of the sector. The project was designed to fund agricultural policy processes and activities including small-scale, community-based sub-projects that were identified and planned by the communities, with the support of project-financed extension teams. This study is expected to produce an ESMF for the KAPAP and KACCAL activities.

5. KAPAP and KACCAL are implemented (along with KAPSLM project) by the KAPAP Project Coordination Unit in the Ministry of Agriculture, including the secretariat and key experts:

i. National Coordinator, Environmental Expert, M&E’s experts, IT- expert, ii. Regional service units, which are to include and a KAPAP Coordinator. KAPSLM

Coordinator and KACCAL Climate Change Coordinator; and general field officers implementing any of the 3 projects.

iii. Local community level forming different groups to undertake KAPAP, KACCAL, or KAPSLM sub-projects, depending on particular activities being implemented.

6. The purpose of the ESMF is to provide guidance for the integration of environmental and social considerations (including safeguards) in the planning and implementation of the activities to be implemented within the framework of the two projects1: KAPAP and KACCAL. This ESMF

1 KAPAP and KACCAL

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includes a guide for initial screening of the sub-projects for negative impacts which would require attention prior to their implementation.

7. The objectives of this ESMF are: to establish clear procedures and methodologies for environmental and social planning, review, approval and implementation of subprojects to be financed under the two projects; prescribe projects arrangements for the preparation and implementation of sub-projects in order to adequately address World Bank safeguard policy issues; assess the potential environmental and social impacts of the subprojects; to propose mitigation measures which will effectively address identified negative impacts; specify appropriate roles and responsibilities, and outline the necessary reporting procedures for managing and monitoring environmental and social concerns related to sub-projects; determine the training, capacity building and technical assistance needed to successfully implement the provisions of the ESMF; and establish the projects’ funding required to implement the ESMF requirements.

8. In preparation of the ESMF, the following activities were completed: an assessment of the potential environmental and social impacts of KAPAP and KACCAL taking into account the World Bank’s relevant safeguard policies as well as Kenya’s environmental policies, laws and regulations; a review of various studies on social, economic and biophysical characteristics of the target districts covered by the projects and identification of constraints that needs to be taken into account, ascertaining whether the projects’ operational areas contains any environmentally sensitive areas, cultural heritage, vulnerable and marginalized groups that need to be taken into account during projects preparation and implementation; development of screening procedures (including checklists) that will be used as a mechanism in the ESMF for screening potential environmental and social impacts due to sub-project interventions; development of appropriate methods to promote an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach that will minimize the need for chemical pesticides during project interventions; a review of national environmental policies, legislation, regulatory and administrative frameworks in conjunction with the World Bank’s safeguard policies, and formulation of recommendations in the context of the project as appropriate; a review of the relevant conventions and protocols to which Kenya is a signatory; an evaluation of the existing environmental and social assessment, and management capacity as well as capacity to implement mitigation measures, and formulation of appropriate recommendations, including the institutional structure and the responsible agencies for implementing the framework, a grievance mechanism and monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of potential impacts; an evaluation of capacity building and training needs and their costs; and presentation of an outline on institutional arrangements for environmental management, including environmental assessment procedures, monitoring indicators and mitigation strategies, as appropriate under the project.

9. The methodology used for developing this ESMF consisted of: (1) Identification of 8 KAPAP and 4 KACCAL districts for the purpose of sampling on the procedures used to identify interventions, planning and implementation of the project; (2) Discussion with staff both at the KAPAP Secretariat (KS) at the Headquarters and at the KAPAP RSUs in eight sample districts, 4 of which are also KACCAL Districts; (3) Conducting focused group discussions with stakeholders at district headquarters on the methodologies used in identifying, planning, approving and monitoring of the projects; (4) Visiting and discussing with at least one Common Interest Group (CIG) members/farmers; (5) perusing relevant KAPAP and other relevant documents.

10. KAPAP covers a period of five years (2010-2014) and focuses on; improving linkages of agricultural research and extension systems to national, local and regional sector priorities though the implementation of ASDS, NASEP and NARS policies, including improved planning, coordination, funding and implementation; the empowerment of producer and other public and private stakeholders and their organizations to plan, design and deliver extension and agribusiness services, aimed at sector transformation/growth, including production and value-addition and

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linking farmers to input and output markets; and the setting-up of appropriate funding and risk mitigation systems which would lead to the development of on- and off- farm diversification and promote private investment in the sector.

11. KACCAL project, which has been approved in 2010 and is scheduled to close in 2016, will focus on:

i. Contributing to climate change adaptation particularly through sustainable land management. It is embedded within the country’s programmatic framework for sustainable land management (KSIF) which the Government of Kenya is developing under Kenya Agriculture and Sustainable Land Management Project (KAPSLMP) with support from TerrAfrica.

ii. Strengthening capacities among national institutions to better assess and respond to current and future climate risks. The project will generate and disseminate climate-related knowledge and strengthen institutional coordination among currently fragmented agencies managing disaster and climate risk.

iii. Helping communities adopt climate change adaptation strategies and investments. Such investments will help arrest vulnerability among the ASAL population by directly strengthening their resilience to climate risk.

12. Prior to implementation of any project it is within the environmental laws (EMCA 1999) that an environmental and social management Framework is developed and applied with a view to conserving the biophysical and social environmental resources. This Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) has been prepared and revised to fully comply with environmental legislations and procedures in Kenya and with the World Bank environmental and social safeguard policies. In this chapter, the key safeguard policies that provide the policy context to the ESMF including World Bank policies and Kenya’s legal requirements on environmental assessment have been outlined. As part of the ESMF process, proposed sub-projects under the two projects will be designed at the local level to ensure that they are screened for potential impacts and that they comply with the requirements set out under World Bank safeguard policies.

13. The project beneficiaries include the farmers and communities within the operational areas who participate voluntarily in projects’ activities. The key stakeholders include the farmers, communities, CBOs and NGOs, local government, research and environmental management institutions and the relevant sector ministries (agriculture, water, environment, lands).

14. The two projects call for an ESMF that will include a screening process to assess the potential impacts associated with sub-projects. This is in accordance with part I Section 6 and Part II Section 7 (1) of the EMCA Act. In addition to the OP 4.01, KAPAP and KACCAL projects have triggered other safeguard polices: OP 4.09 - on Pest Management and OP 4.10 - Indigenous People. Using the screening and review process prescribed for the sub-projects before actual implementation, negative impacts are identified and respective mitigation measures are isolated in the Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMP) for implementation. The screening and review process will determine the extent of environmental and social risks of a particular sub-project and propose appropriate mitigation measures to be put in place. The screening and review process will also ensure that sub-projects that may have potentially significant impacts will require more detailed study. This will ensure that all concerns related to NEMA and the Bank’s safeguard policies are taken into account during the screening of sub-projects for potential impacts, and that the appropriate mitigation measures can be adopted to address them. If a sub-project is categorized under the second schedule of the Act, it will require a separate EA that will comply with the NEMA’s and World Bank’s disclosure regulations. The screening criteria provided in the ESMF includes relevant questions which will help determine if any other safeguard policies are triggered and the measures needed to be taken into account to mitigate impacts. The screening and review process will identify any sub-projects that may have potentially significant impacts which require more detailed study and the need for a sub-project specific EA.

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15. The projects contribute to the revitalization of agricultural sector in Kenya by: facilitating empowerment of farmers to access and adopting profitable and sustainable technologies; laying the groundwork for a pluralistic agricultural extension and learning system; integrating and prioritizing the national agricultural system; and supporting analytical work to inform policy and institutional reform. In this respect no major environmental issues are anticipated for the projects. The projects’ beneficiaries include farmers and communities who participate voluntarily in project activities. The key stakeholders during the second phase include farmers, communities, CBOs and NGOs, local government, environmental management institutions and the relevant sector ministries and departments (agriculture, water, environment, forest and wildlife, lands and communities).The projects are expected to generate many positive social impacts that could lead to improvements in alleviation of poverty, improved food security through better crop and livestock yields, better extension service, diversified agricultural resource base, and improved household income. The projects will also result in a multiplier effect on the local economy through development of entrepreneurial activities such as market outlets. Better managed land and water resources will result in fewer social conflicts.

16. The projects are expected to result in increased availability of good quality water for agriculture and livestock. Productive employment opportunities especially for women and the youth are likely to increase. Support to apiculture embraces potential for significant and culturally appropriate benefits for the indigenous peoples. The projects will also result in more affordable health care when medicinal plants are produced, processed and used. In addition, the projects will recommend robust adaptation and mitigation measures needed to minimize risks associated with climate change while maximizing opportunities and recommend research and technological needs that respond to climate change impacts and avenues for transferring existing technologies. On the whole, the projects’ interventions will focus on implementation of specific activities that improve the long-term sustainability of the ecosystem.

17. No major environmental impacts are anticipated from the projects; however, potential environmental impacts at the local level that may be anticipated include pollution and eutrophication of water bodies, interference with wetland and animal ecology (particularly birds and fish), erosion and sedimentation. With regard to the critical habitats that include swamps, wetlands, forests, community-protected areasand grassland fragments in the districts, none will be adversely affected by the projects but rather the ecosystems will be enhanced. The projects will not be implemented in any protected area. The projects activities will focus on efficient technology transfer and conservation strategies hence there will be no degradation or conversion of habitats. Annual environmental and social progress reports will be prepared with the coordination of the KAPAP Secretariat covering the two projects. The annual reports will be shared with the projects’ secretariat, RSUs, KARI, KENFAP, other Implementing agencies, the World Bank and other relevant government agencies. The KAPAP Secretariat will regularly brief and sensitize the Inter-Ministerial Coordination Committee (ICC). In order to ensure proper implementation of environmental and social screening, and mitigation measures, as well as effective natural resource management, the two projects will undertake an intensive program of environmental training and institutional capacity building.

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ContentsEnvironmental and Social Management Framework...................................................................1

Acronyms and Abbreviations................................................................................................................... i

Executive Summary............................................................................................................................... iv

1.0 INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................................1

1.1 Objectives....................................................................................................................................1

1.2 Analysis........................................................................................................................................2

1.3 Principles and Methodology........................................................................................................2

1.4 Methodology...............................................................................................................................3

1.5 Field work and schedules.............................................................................................................3

1.6 Methods and materials for field work and schedules..................................................................3

2.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECTS......................................................................................................4

2.1 Kenya Agricultural Productivity and Agribusiness Project (KAPAP)..............................................4

2.1.1 KAPAP Components..............................................................................................................4

2.2 The Kenya Adaptation to Climate Change in Arid and Semi- Arid Lands (KACCAL)......................6

2.2.1 KACCAL Components............................................................................................................6

2.3 INSTITUTION AND IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS..8

3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL REQUIREMENTS...........................................................................12

3.1 Applicable Safeguards Policies...................................................................................................12

3.1.1 World Bank Safeguard Policies...........................................................................................12

3.1.2 Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01).................................................................................13

3.1.2 Pest Management (OP 4.09)...............................................................................................14

3.1.3 Other Safeguards Policies...................................................................................................14

3.2 Mainstreaming Safeguard Compliance into Sub-project Screening...........................................15

3.2.1 Analysis of sub-projects alternatives..................................................................................15

3.3 IFC Performance Standards.......................................................................................................15

3.4 Kenya Environmental Legislation...............................................................................................16

3.5 Sub-Project Screening under Kenyan Law.................................................................................17

3.6 International Conventions and Treaties.....................................................................................17

3.6.1 African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources.......................17

3.6.2. Convention for the protection management and development of the marine and coastal environment of the eastern African region.................................................................................17

3.6.3 Convention on Biological Diversity (1992)..........................................................................18

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3.5.4 United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those countries experiencing serious drought and /or desertification particularly in Africa (1996)...........................................18

3.6.5 United Nations Framework convention on Climate Change (1992)....................................18

3.6.6 Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as waterfowl habitat (1971)..............................................................................................................................18

3.6.7 Convention on the Conservation of Migratory species.......................................................19

3.6.8 Important Bird Areas..........................................................................................................19

3.6.9 The Nile Treaties.................................................................................................................19

4.0 BASELINE INFORMATION...............................................................................................................20

4.1 Some Biophysical and socio-economic factors of KAPAP and KACCAL districts.........................20

5.0 GUIDANCE ON POTENTIAL IMPACTS.............................................................................................27

5.1 Overall Environmental and Social Impacts and Indicators in Agriculture...................................27

5.2 Potential Positive Impacts of KAPAP and KACCAL......................................................................32

5.3 Sub projects Potential negative impacts....................................................................................32

5.4 Environmental Issues in National Agricultural Research............................................................36

5.4.1 Environmental Awareness..................................................................................................36

5.4.2 Occupational Safety............................................................................................................36

5.4.3 Waste Disposal....................................................................................................................38

5.4.4 Disaster Preparedness........................................................................................................38

5.4.5 Used and Obsolete Micro Project Waste or Laboratory Chemicals....................................38

6.0 REPORTING AND RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE ESMF................................................................39

6.1 Key Environmental Issues and Proposed Actions for Implementation of ESMF........................39

6.2 Flowchart for Reporting and Advice..........................................................................................42

6.3 Screening for Sub-projects.........................................................................................................42

6.4 Annual Environmental and Social Audit Report Format............................................................50

6.5 Description of Roles and Responsibility in the KAPAP Structure................................................51

6.6 Monitoring and Evaluation........................................................................................................52

6.6.1 Initial Proposals...................................................................................................................52

6.6.2 Monitoring of the Participation Process.............................................................................52

6.6.3 Monitoring Indicators.........................................................................................................53

7.0 ESMF BUDGET................................................................................................................................55

8.0 CAPACITY BUILDING AND TRAINING REQUIREMENTS...................................................................57

8.1 Environmental trainings and sensitization.................................................................................57

8.2 Levels of Training and sensitization...........................................................................................57

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8.3 Specialized /Technical Training..................................................................................................59

8.4 Training requirements and curriculum......................................................................................59

9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL FOCAL POINT ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES...............................62

9.1 Environmental and Social Responsibilities of the KAPAP Secretariat.........................................62

9.1.1 Responsibilities...................................................................................................................62

9.2 Environmental and Social Roles and Responsibilities of the Fora Secretariats..........................63

9.2.1 Roles...................................................................................................................................63

9.2.2 Responsibilities on environmental issues...........................................................................63

9.3 Environmental and Social Roles and Responsibilities of the Regional Service Units, CCCs........64

9.3.1 Roles...................................................................................................................................64

9.3.2 Responsibilities...................................................................................................................64

10.0 REFERENCES.................................................................................................................................65

Annex 1.0 Initial Terms of Reference (TOR) for Kenya Agricultural Productivity Environmental and Social Management Framework (KAPAP), Kenya Adaptation to Climate Change in Arid and Semi-arid Lands (KACCAL) - ESMF)...............................................................................................................66

Annex 2.0 Referred Documents...........................................................................................................69

Annex 3.0 Stakeholder Consultations..................................................................................................70

Annex 4.0 ESMF Team.....................................................................................................................101

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1.0 INTRODUCTION 18. Despite steady growth in the immediate post-independence period, Kenya’s economy has performed

considerably below its potential in recent years. For the past two decades productivity has declined, competitiveness eroded and international financial support diminished. Poverty and food insecurity have increased. Average GDP growth declined from about 7% in the 1970s to just over 2% in the 1990s. Underlying factors include persistent and pervasive governance problems, poorly implemented reforms, and low, ill targeted investments in social services, infrastructure and economic services including agricultural sector. Average annual agricultural GDP growth fell from 3.5 percent during the 1980s to 1.0 percent during the 1990s. External factors such as declining global agricultural commodity prices and vulnerability to climatic shocks explain part, but not the entire decline. Domestic policy shortcomings created distortions in input and output markets. Inadequacies in the legal and regulatory framework raised costs of business. Poor infrastructure increased costs of marketing. High incidence of HIV/AIDS contributed to reduced labour productivity. Dysfunctional public support services slowed the renewal of agricultural technology. The end result has been increased rural poverty and food insecurity, decline in competitiveness, and virtual cessation of both private and public investment in the agricultural sector.

19. Kenya Agricultural Productivity and Agribusiness Project (KAPAP), and Kenya Adaptation to Climate Change in Arid and Semi-arid Lands (KACCAL) will contribute to the revitalization of the agricultural sector through: (i) facilitating empowerment of farmers to access and apply profitable and sustainable technologies; (ii) laying the groundwork for a pluralistic agricultural extension and learning system; (iii) integrating and rationalizing the national agricultural research system; (iv) developing an innovative Insurance scheme which together with low-interest loans will insure farmers against crop failure due to droughts, pests, floods or floods; (v) strengthening integrated and environmental friendly pest management systems to cope with increased threats from insects, pathogens, and weeds and (vi) supporting analytical work to inform policy and institutional reform.

20. The two projects correspond to the fundamental features of the Government’s strategy for poverty alleviation as specified in the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) of 2003, the Economic Recovery Strategy for Wealth and Employment Creation (ERS, 2003-2007), and the Strategy for Revitalizing Agriculture (SRA 2004-2014). The projects were designed to fund agricultural policy processes and activities including small-scale, community-based sub-projects that were identified and planned by the communities, with the support of project-financed extension teams. This ESMF is covering the two projects’ activities.

21. These projects cover a wide range of major issues of strategic significance to the economy and food security including: major food crops, industrial crops, livestock enterprises, potential irrigable land, SLM practices and technologies, smart agriculture, intensity of agro-business, marketing systems and outlets. This comprehensive and broad based approach is likely to maximize inclusiveness as wider groups of beneficiaries within the project area. The strategic targeting of 59 Districts covered under KAPAP and KACCAL provide implementers with an opportunity to build on lessons learned that are required to respond to the challenges of food insecurity, climate change and economic development which are key to improving livelihood of both to project beneficiaries. The demand driven capacity building approach for the two projects will help to identify and equip communities with appropriate technologies, knowledge and skills hence, improving appreciation and ability to protect environment.

1.1 Objectives22. The objectives of the ESMF are:

To establish clear procedures and methodologies for environmental and social planning, review, approval and implementation of sub-projects to be financed

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under the projects; To prescribe to each project, arrangements for the preparation and implementation of

sub-projects in order to adequately address World Bank safeguard issues; To assess the potential environmental and social impacts of the sub-projects; To propose mitigation measures which will effectively address identified

negative impacts; To specify appropriate roles and responsibilities, and outline the necessary

reporting procedures for managing and monitoring environmental and social concerns related to sub-projects;

To determine the training, capacity building and technical assistance needed to successfully implement the provisions of the ESMF; and

To establish the projects’ funding required to implement the ESMF requirements

1.2 Analysis 23. In preparation of ESMF, the following activities were completed::

An assessment of the potential environmental and social impacts of each of the two projects, taking into account the World Bank’s relevant safeguard policies as well as Kenya’s environmental policies, laws and regulations;

A review of various studies on social, economic and biophysical characteristics of the target districts covered by the projects and identification of constraints that needs to be taken into account.

Ascertaining whether the projects’ area of operation contains any environmentally sensitive areas, cultural heritage and vulnerable groups that need to be taken into account during sub-project preparation and implementation;

Development of screening procedures (including checklists) that will be used as a mechanism in the ESMF for screening potential environmental and social impacts due to sub-project interventions;

Development of appropriate methods to promote an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach that will minimize the need for chemical pesticides during each of the projects’ interventions;

Review of national environmental policies, legislation, regulatory and administrative frameworks in conjunction with the World Bank’s safeguard policies, and formulation of recommendations in the context of each project as appropriate;

Review of the relevant conventions and protocols to which Kenya is a signatory;

Evaluation of the existing environmental and social assessment management capacity as well as capacity to implement mitigation measures, and formulation of appropriate recommendations, including the institutional structure and the responsible agencies for implementing the framework, a grievance mechanism and monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of potential impacts;

Evaluation of capacity building and training needs and their costs; and Presentation of an outline on institutional arrangements for environmental

management, including environmental assessment procedures and monitoring indicators, as appropriate under each of the projects.

1.3 Principles and Methodology24. This study takes on a framework approach to environmental and social management because the

precise details of the sub-projects in terms of location, materials required, key communities, etc. are not yet known. The ESMF is to be used to screen for and manage the potential environmental and social impacts of each of the two projects.

25. The ESMF Methodology involves:

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Review of previous reports, published and unpublished works on the environment of the study area;

Review project documents for KACCAL; Identification of gaps existing in the available information; Field investigations; Collation of baseline data on the environmental conditions of the projects’ area; Identification of positive and negative environmental and social impacts; Identification of environmental and social mitigation measures; Preparation of screening procedures to be used while screening sub-project

proposals; and Formulation of environmental and social monitoring plans.

1.4 Methodology 26. The methodology to be used for developing this ESMF includes: (1) Identification of

eight KAPAP/KACCAL districts for the purpose of sampling on the procedures used to identify interventions, planning and implementation of the project (2) Discussion with KAPAP staff both at the KAPAP Secretariat (KS) at the Headquarters and at the KAPAP RSUs in eight sample districts (3) Conduct focused group discussions with stakeholders at district headquarters on the methodologies used in identifying, planning, approving and monitoring of the projects. (4) Visit and discuss with at least one Common Interest Group (CIG) members/farmers (5) peruse relevant documents from the two projects and (6) review the entire EMSF with a view to including KACCAL.

1.5 Field work and schedules 27. The field visits were carried out from 11th to 28th November 2008 and covered the following

districts: Makueni (Eastern region), Taita Taveta, Kilifi (Coastal region), Nyeri, Meru (central region) and, Homa-Bay (Nyanza region), Kakamega (Western region) Annex 2. The screening field work will be expanded to all the 59 districts covered by the KAPAP and KACCAL as projects’ implementation proceeds.

1.6 Methods and materials for field work and schedules 28. The methodology used for developing this ESMF included: (1) Identification of

the relevant districts covered by the projects for the purpose of sampling on the procedures used to identify interventions, planning and implementation of the project (2) Discussion with KAPAP staff both at the KAPAP Secretariat (KS) at the Headquarters and at the KAPAP RSUs in eight sample districts (3) Conduct focused group discussions with stakeholders at district headquarters on the methodologies used in identifying, planning, approving and monitoring of the projects. (4) Visit and discuss with at least one Common Interest Group (CIG) members/farmers (5) peruse relevant KAPAP and KACCAL documents.

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2.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECTS29. KAPAP and KACCAL are implemented under an already existing KAPAP Project Coordination

Unit (PCU) including the secretariat and key experts:iv. National Coordinator, Extension Specialist, Farmer and Other Client Specialist,

Research Specialist, Environmental Specialist, Gender and Social Specialist, M&E’s experts, IT- expert,

v. (ii) Regional service units, which are to include a KAPAP RSU Coordinator, M&EO and KACCAL Climate Change Coordinator; and general field officers implementing the 2 projects

vi. (iii) Local community level forming different groups to undertake KAPAP, or KACCAL sub-projects, depending on particular activities being implemented.

2.1 Kenya Agricultural Productivity and Agribusiness Project (KAPAP)30. The Kenya Agricultural Productivity and Agribusiness Project (KAPAP) is part of a twelve year

programme being implemented in three phases from 2004-2014. Phase 1 which is KAPP1 ended in December 2008 giving way to Phase II hereby called KAPAP on 10 th March 2010 which will run up to 2014. The project seeks to contribute to the revitalization of agricultural sector in Kenya by: facilitating empowerment of farmers to access and adopting profitable and sustainable technologies; laying the groundwork for a pluralistic agricultural extension and learning system; integrating and prioritizing the national agricultural research system; and supporting analytical work to inform policy and institutional reform.

31. KAPAP covers a period of five years (2009-2013) and focuses on; improving linkages of agricultural research and extension systems to national, local and regional sector priorities though the implementation of ASDS, NASEP and NARS policies, including improved planning, coordination, funding and implementation; the empowerment of producer and other public and private stakeholders and their organizations- to plan, design and deliver extension and agribusiness services, aimed at sector transformation/growth, including production and value-addition and linking farmers to input and output markets; and the setting-up of appropriate funding and risk mitigation systems which would lead to the development of on- and off- farm diversification and promote private investment in the sector.

32. The subsequent phase of the programme will focus on consolidating reforms in research, implementing reforms in extension and building the basis for sustainable financing of the entire system. Prior to implementation of any project, it is within the environmental laws (EMCA 1999) that an environmental and social management Framework is developed and applied with a view to conserving the biophysical and social environmental resources and at the same time improve the livelihoods of the local communities.). The development objective of the proposed Programme is that agricultural producers and other natural resource users increasingly adopt profitable and environmentally-sound land management practices and alternative livelihood strategies in the targeted operational areas.

2.1.1 KAPAP Components

Component 1: Policy/Institutional and Project Implementation Support

33. This component will support activities that will lead to better coordination of the sector with an aim of creating the necessary impetus for sector-wide approach. These activities will be undertaken both at the national and lower levels. At the national level, the Project will support the development of the ASDS investment plan, its implementation, activities that will facilitate harmonization of both

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Government and donor supported programs, and activities to align them with ASDS.

Component 2: Agricultural Research Systems

34. Support will be given to NARS institutions with the objective of operationalizing the NARS policy towards increased productivity and value addition through pluralism, decentralization, efficiency, cost effectiveness and impact. This will enhance the interplay of research, extension, education, agricultural and livestock producers and clients in all aspects of research problem identification, research agenda setting, planning, and research service delivery. Further investment will be made to the Kenya agricultural Research Institute (KARI) in order to continue implementing strategic research programs of Institute, in order to support the implementation of its Investment Plan. The support to KARI under the Project will focus on promoting an agricultural innovation approach, which is a clear shift from previous paradigms which focused more on capacity building and institutional strengthening. The research will address client market needs, and focus more on value addition, and impact, as articulated in the NARS framework. Research on Natural Resource Management (NRM) issues will also be supported with a special focus on climate change.

Component 3: Agricultural Extension, Farmer and Service Providers Empowerment

35. The overall objective of this component is to support the Government to implement the NASEP, focusing on empowering the extension clientele through sharing of information, imparting knowledge, skills and changing attitudes, so that they can efficiently manage their resources for increased productivity, improved incomes and standard of living. In line with the ASDS, KAPAP will strengthen and scale-up its support to extension on the base of the implementation framework of the NASEP, developed by the agricultural sector line Ministries. This reform agenda forms a conducive environment for strengthened PPPs in the sector to fill the gap created by the reduced presence of public sector extension service providers, but also to cater better for diverse needs of extension clientele. Key NASEP elements target the implementation of a pluralistic, participatory, demand driven and market oriented, professional, and decentralized national extension and innovation system.

Component 4: Agribusiness and Market Development

36. The objective of this component is, therefore, to empower all public and private stakeholders along commodity chains to plan, design and deliver agribusiness services aimed at value-addition, and linking producers to input and output markets. Building on existing experiences, the Project will promote further coordination within the sub-sector with the relevant ministries, the private sector, and involve development partners to enhance synergies with on-going agribusiness activities.

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2.2 The Kenya Adaptation to Climate Change in Arid and Semi- Arid Lands (KACCAL)37. KACCAL’s development objective is to improve the ability of selected districts and communities

of the ASALs to plan and manage climate change adaptation measures. This will be done through: (i) strengthening climate risk management and natural resource base related knowledge; (ii) building institutional and technical capacity for improved planning and coordination to manage current and future climate risks at the district and national levels; and (iii) investing in communities’ priorities in sustainable land and water management and alternative livelihoods that helps them adapt to climate risk.

2.2.1 KACCAL Components

Component 1: Climate information products, policy and advocacy.

38. This component will strengthen capacities among national level institutions, particularly the Ministry of Agriculture, to better assess and respond to current and future climate risks. It will generate and disseminate climate-related knowledge and strengthen institutional coordination among currently fragmented agencies managing disaster and climate risk. National stakeholders will be trained to further disseminate the generated knowledge to the district and community levels.

39. Sub-component 1.1: Development of climate-related knowledge products to inform climate risk management (CRM) strategies in ASALs. This sub-component will help generate and increaseing access to tailored climate information for strategic adaptation planning. Knowledge products will include: (i) district climate risk profiles of the four target districts/counties; (ii) methodologies and tools for assessing climate risks in agriculture and rural development programs, particularly KAPAP investments, and climate risk screening of farmer group/common interest group investments; and (iii) assessment and identification of improvements of the Early Warning System for the agriculture sector.

40. Subcomponent 1.2 will support the integration of climate action into national agricultural development plans and programs, with a special focus on the Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs). The subcomponent will build the capacity of the KAPAP PCU, relevant departments of the MoA, the newly created Climate Change Unit (CCU), other agriculture sector ministries and departments, and the Agricultural Sector Programs Steering Committee (ASPC). Based on the National Climate Change Response Strategy, the subcomponent will strengthen the integration of climate change aspects into the Agriculture Sector Development Strategy and support the preparation of the Agriculture and Climate Change Policy/Strategy of the MoA.

Component 2: Climate risk management at district level.

41. This component will promote the integration of a climate risk management (CRM) perspective into district planning processes and programs. The component will build climate change-related capacity of major stakeholders at the district level and support public and private "climate-smart" investments.

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42. Sub-component 2.1: Capacity building to integrate CRM into district planning processes. This sub-component will strengthen the capacity of district officials and other stakeholders to access and use relevant climate information and knowledge products noted in component 1. Capacity building to integrate climate risk management into district planning processes will mainly target the KAPAP Regional Service Units (RSUs), public and private extension agents, the Regional Agricultural Sector Steering Committee, District Stakeholder Platforms (e.g. the District Development Committees), and District Farmer Fora.

43. Sub-component 2.2: Support for "climate smart" public and private investments. This sub-component will support the implementation of selected public and private sector interventions identified through adaptation-enhanced district plans. The coordination of climate-smart private and public investments will be the responsibility of the RSUs. Particular emphasis will be placed on facilitating public-private partnerships for climate-smart investments. Links to the Agribusiness component of KAPAP will be utilized to spur private investments into climate-smart agricultural activities.

44. These activities may include public–private sector partnerships. Investment areas include but are not limited to: improving infrastructure to better manage floods and droughts (including small check dams, water pans, and similar facilities); improving livestock monitoring and response systems (for example, improving conditions and risk factors contributing to livestock diseases such as Rift Valley fever, supporting livestock off-take management, and diversifying animal stocks); natural resource management investments (such as agroforestry or rehabilitating water sources); and training in business/enterprise skills for investments in value addition of ASAL products.

Component 3: Community driven initiatives for climate resilience.

45. This component will help communities to adopt "climate smart" strategies and investments (see Subcomponent 3.2 below). It will focus on technology adoption, value addition and marketing of ASAL products.

46. Potential areas of support may include:

i. Structural interventions to help communities manage land and water resources e.g. erosion control, and small-scale water harvesting, storage, and management.

ii. Sustainable agricultural land and livestock management practices and technologies to improve resilience to climate risks e.g. intercropping, integrated nutrient management, moisture and soil conservation techniques, agroforestry, drought-tolerant crops and pasture species, and silvopastoralism.

iii. Opportunities to enhance carbon sequestration. Grants will facilitate assessments of the technical and financial feasibility of micro-projects focusing on ecosystem services, especially opportunities for carbon finance.

iv. Livelihood enhancement and diversification. Support will be provided to increase the adoption of livelihood diversification projects e.g. value addition, and marketing of ASAL products such as dates, gum, aloe, jatropha, sisal and promotion of sustainable production, value addition and marketing of indigenous crops and vegetables.

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v. Credit and micro-insurance. The feasibility of innovative credit and microinsurance schemes for ASAL communities will be explored. If they are considered financially viable and technically sound, grants will help to scale up successful community-based credit and insurance mechanisms to facilitate the adoption of improved agropastoral practices and other livelihood strategies to reduce vulnerability and risks.

vi. Human and livestock health. Support for investments to reduce human exposure to vector- and waterborne diseases and improve livestock health will be provided.

47. Sub-component 3.1: Support for community capacity building. This sub-component will support awareness building and capacity building at the community level to enhance climate risk assessments and climate resilient planning and investments. Multiple events and severity of droughts and floods have sapped the communities’ ability to adapt autonomously and solely based on Iindigenous knowledge. While they are increasingly noting anomalies in climatic conditions and impacts on their environment, there is limited understanding about the scale and scope of causes and impacts as well as potential opportunities to reduce their vulnerability. Where opportunities are known, communities are constrained in the adoption of adaptation measures. The sub-component will support: (i) strengthening awareness of climate risks faced by specific groups and their ability to interpret and respond to forecasts and related information; (ii) developing "climate resilient" community action plans (CAPs); and (iii) planning and implementing "climate smart" investments at community level, particularly through Common Interest Groups and Farmer Groups.

48. Sub-component 3.2: Support for community based micro-projects. This sub-component will support community based micro-projects, identified in the "climate-resilient" CAPs. Processes and procedures for preparation and implementation of Farmer/Common Interest Group (CIG) grants are specified in the Farmer Grant Manual (FGM) prepared under KAPAP and updated for KACCAL.

2.3 INSTITUTION AND IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS 49. The two projects will be implemented under the framework of Kenya Government Strategy for

Revitalizing Agriculture. The inter-ministerial coordination and Policy guidelines for ASDS and other government initiatives will be used in implementing KAPAP, KAPSLM and KACCAL. This will include a broad based inter-ministerial Coordinating Committee (SRA-ICC) consisting of permanent secretaries from the seven ministries of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries Development, Cooperative Development, Water, Environment and natural Resources, Lands and Local government. There is also a National Forum (NF) consisting of all stakeholders operating the sector.

50. The four sector ministries (Agriculture, Livestock Development, Fisheries Development, and Co-operative Development), KARI and KENFAP, will be the implementing agencies. As envisaged during the original design of the KAPP program, the Ministry of Agriculture (MoA) will have fiduciary responsibility for the two Projects. This will be exercised through the KAPAP Secretariat (KS), which will be mainstreamed in the government ministries. The Inter-ministerial Coordinating Committee (ICC) will continue to be responsible for, inter alia, policy matters and providing guidance to address implementation bottlenecks. However, the composition of the ICC will be expanded to reflect all the key implementation agencies as per each of the two project Appraisal Documents. The KAPP Steering Committee from Phase I will be replaced with a sector-wide Agricultural Sector Programs Steering Committee (ASPSC). The previous Steering

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Committee will be expanded to enable it to offer technical, financial (approval of annual work plans and budgets) and operational guidance and oversight to the two projects implementation and other programs in the agricultural sector. The finance and audit sub-committees will be maintained and strengthened.

51. The two projects will be implemented by mainstreaming into the GOK system, both at national and the local level. Qualified staff will be seconded from the line ministries for the entire period of the Project. GOK staff seconded to the KAPP Phase I will be retained based on their performance. The capacity of KS will be strengthened to include an Agribusiness Specialist, Accountants and Auditors3 and other support staff.

52. Due to the sub-division of the original KAPP districts, the Regional Service Units (RSUs) will be maintained and converted into Regional Service Units (RSUs). The RSUs will service the original district (now County) mandate The RSU are based in are where the county government will be located and will therefore not require any structural transfer of responsibility but rather mainstreaming the operations with the country governance coordination organs. A regional programs steering committee will be formed and supported to coordinate the two projects and other sector programs at each region. The regional steering committee will also facilitate joint work programming and planning for all the districts covered under each region. The composition of the committee will include heads of departments in government sector ministries, KENFAP, District farmer’s representative and other stakeholders. The RSU coordinator will be the secretary and convener of steering committee. Two project organs are funded to carry out the following activities: (i) the KAPAP Secretariat (KS), to provide overall coordination of the program and the extra projects, while overseeing the Monitoring and Evaluation and Information and Communication functions; (ii) the KAPAP Steering Committee; and (iii) Regional Service Units (RSU)/Catchment Area Coordinators () and Climate Change Coordinators (CCCs) to coordinate and implement Agricultural extension, climate change adaptation, and sustainable land management (SLM) practices and technologies, farmer and service providers’ empowerment; and Agribusiness and market development component for the first two years will be implemented in the following 59 districts initially under KAPAP have since grown to 69 after inclusion KACCAL projects :

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Table 1: Projects’ Operational Areas Covered by the ESMF

CountyRegion Districts/ Areas Project(s) active in District

CountyRegion Districts/Areas Project(s) active in District

West Pokot West Pokot, Central Pokot,North P.

KAPAP;KACCAL Tana River Tana River, Tana Delta

KAPAP; KACCAL

Nakuru Nakuru, Molo, Nakuru North Naivasha, Njoro

KAPAP Kwale Kwale, Kinango,Msambweni

KAPAP

Trans Nzoia Trans Nzoia West, TransNzoia East, Kwanza

KAPAP Garissa Garissa, Fafi, Lagdera KAPAP; KACCAL

Nyandarua Nyandarua North,Nyandarua Central, Nyandarua South, Kipipiri

KAPAP Wajir Wajir East, Wajir South,Wajir North, Wajir West

KAPAP

Nyeri Nyeri South, Nyeri North, Nyeri Central, Nyeri East

KAPAP Meru Central Meru Central, Imenti; North, Buuri; Imenti South

KAPAP

Homa Bay Homa Bay, Ndhiwa KAPAP Makueni Makueni, Mbooni, Kibwezi,Nzani

KAPAP

Gucha Gucha, Gucha South KAPAP Embu Embu KAPAP

Siaya Siaya, Ugenya KAPAP Kakamega Kakamega North, K.Central, Kakamega South, Kakamega East

KAPAP

Taita -Taveta

Taita, Taveta KAPAP Busia Busia, Samia, Bunyala

KAPAP

Kilifi Kilifi, Kaloleni; Malindi KAPAP; KACCAL Butere-Mumias

Butere, Mumias KAPAP

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(1) 3 KARI staff working with the KS under Phase I will be seconded to the KAPAP Secretariat to ensure continuity in implementation.

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53. The 59 districts cover the geographical area covered originally by the 20 districts where KAPP phase I was being implemented. The increase in number of districts is as a result of subdivision. The District coverage will be reviewed during mid-term evaluation. However, the geographical catchment of the agri-business and market development activities may naturally spill over beyond the focal district boundaries and some of them will have a national coverage.

54. The projects implementation structures include Secretariat (KS), Regional Service Units (RSU), Financing Models (FMs) (who pays the service providers), the service providers, service provider fora, Farmer fora, Common interest groups (CIG) and Community Working Groups (CWGs). The KAPAP secretariat provide overall coordination at national level and a KAPAP Steering Committee with a national multi-stakeholder membership, has been advising and reviewing the project functions, and also facilitating access to technical resources needed to support activities of the two projects. The RSUs/ and CCCs will be implementing activities of the two projects at district level.

3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL REQUIREMENTS 55. According to the World Bank review, the two projects were assigned an environmental rating of

B-Partial Assessment. The projects aim to strengthen Kenya’s agricultural research and extension system in ways that contribute to environmentally and socially sustainable growth and resource management. The projects have been proactive, and following best practice, a sectoral environmental and social assessment (SESA) will be established for effective response to environmental and social sustainability considerations in a reformed agricultural technology system. Potential environmental issues identified in the two projects include: (a) use of inappropriate farming practices; (b) agriculture/wildlife conflicts; (c) agro-processing pollution; (d) misuse of pesticides; and (e) proneness to climatic fluctuations (especially drought).

56. Social issues identified under the two projects include: (a) resource poor farmers inability to access extension services and inputs; (b) inappropriate technology and thus poor adoption; (c) inadequate access and control of production functions for women; (d) HIV/AIDS impact production systems and livelihoods, and; (e) it was envisaged that the two projects’ activities may have a longer term impacts on indigenous peoples indirectly affected by project activities (e.g. through change in diet, livestock related activities).

57. This Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) has been prepared to fully comply with environmental legislations and procedures in Kenya and with the World Bank’s environmental and social safeguard policies. In this chapter, the key safeguard policies that provide the policy context to the ESMF including World Bank policies and Kenya’s legal requirements on environmental assessment have been outlined.

3.1 Applicable Safeguards Policies

3.1.1 World Bank Safeguard Policies

58. As part of the ESMF process, proposed sub-Projects under the two projects will be designed at the local level to ensure that they are screened for potential impacts and that they comply with the requirements set out under World Bank safeguard policies. The two projects are environmentally oriented and focus on promotion of technologies for the sustainable management of land and related natural resources. No major negative environmental issues are anticipated for the project. The project beneficiaries include the farmers and communities within the operational areas who participate voluntarily in project activities. The key stakeholders include the farmers, communities, CBOs and NGOs, local government, research and environmental management institutions and the relevant sector ministries (agriculture, water, environment, lands).

59. Since these projects seek to affect land use changes, they have been categorized under the

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second schedule of the Act (EMCA, 1999) and environmental category B (Partial EA) of the World Bank The ESMF has been developed based on the inputs generated during workshops and consultations with all stakeholders and has formulated appropriate processes for screening for environmental and social safeguards in sub-projects. The capacity development component of the projects includes relevant training for the different levels of stakeholders to address capacity constraints for environmental and social screening of micro-projects.

60. The two projects call for an ESMF that includes a screening process to assess the potential impacts associated with sub-projects. This is in accordance with part I Section 6 and Part II Section 7 (1) of the EMCA. In addition to the OP 4.01, each of the two projects has triggered other safeguard polices as indicated in Table 1 below In addition to the OP 4.01, KAPAP and KACCAL projects have triggered other safeguard polices: OP 4.09 on Pest Management and OP 4.10 on Indigenous People. The screening and review process will determine the extent of environmental and social risks of a particular sub-project and propose appropriate mitigation measures to be put in place. Using the screening and review process prescribed for the sub-projects before actual implementation, negative impacts are identified and respective mitigation measures are isolated in the Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMP) for implementation. The screening and review process will also ensure that sub-projects that may have potentially significant impacts will require a more detailed study. If a sub-project is categorized under the second schedule of the Act, it will require a separate EA that will comply with the NEMA’s and World Bank’s disclosure regulations. EA reports produced will be disclosed in Kenya, accessible to the PAPs; they will be disclosed in World Bank InfoShop website.

Table 1. The World Bank Safeguard Policies

Safeguard Policies Triggered by KAPAP and KACCAL YesNo

Environmental Assessment (OP/BP/GP 4.01) [X] [ ] Natural Habitats (OP/BP 4.04) [ ] [X] Pest Management (OP 4.09) [X][ ] Physical Cultural Resources (OP 4.11) [ ] [X] Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12) [ ] [X] Indigenous Peoples (OP 4.10) [X][ ] Forests (OP/BP 4.36) [ ] [X] Safety of Dams (OP/BP 4.37) [ ] [X ] Projects in Disputed Areas (OP/BP/GP 7.60) [ ] [X] Projects on International Waterways (OP/BP/GP 7.50) [ ] [X]

3.1.2 Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01)

61. The OP 4.01 has been triggered because the implementation of the two projects may lead to some negative environmental impacts. There are no potential large-scale, significant or irreversible environmental impacts associated with the projects. Programme interventions will focus on implementation of specific activities that improve the long-term sustainability of the ecosystem. Both KACCAL and KAPAP have been assigned an Environmental Category B according to be World Bank review.

62. Although some land management activities may require assessment and mitigation, it is anticipated that few of the expected activities will have negative environmental impacts and they will thus undergo the screening and review procedures. Should the screening and review process identify sub-projects that may have potentially significant impacts, more detailed study will be carried out. However, it should be noted that since the overall environmental category of the project is B, no category A subprojects will be financed by KAPAP and KACCAL. Such sub-projects may require specific EIA and this will be determined by the screening and review process.

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3.1.2 Pest Management (OP 4.09) 63. The two projects will make resources available and strengthen the capacity of agricultural

producers and other resource users to: (i) adopt sustainable land management (SLM) practices and technologies to mitigate land degradation and achieve greater productivity of crops, trees and livestock; and (ii) adopt sustainable alternative livelihood options to diversify and increase income, and reduce the pressure on the natural resources. A number of sub-projects such as small-scale irrigation may result in the introduction or expansion of pest management activities in certain areas. To mitigate against any potential negative environmental impacts, the requirement to screen for pesticide use is included in the processes set out in the Integrated Pest Management Framework (IPMF) prepared for KAPAP (and updated for KACCAL). In addition, this ESMF includes evaluation of pest management practices (see item 5.4.5; Form 6.1; and item 7.3). Those activities that are not addressed by the ESMF and may use pesticides that are likely to have impacts on the environment will be identified using the screening and review procedures as outlined in section 6.3.

64. However, sub projects of KAPAP and KACCAL should adopt integrated pests management (IPM) strategies. This will comprise soil pests, weeds, field and post-harvest pests and pest diseases management. Use of certified seeds or seed dressing protects them from soil borne pests. Weed control could either be manual or use of appropriate herbicides. There are pre germination and post germination herbicides. However, extreme care is needed in the use of herbicides in that any wrong or uninformed use is likely to cause total loss of the crops or environmental pollution of water and soil. As a rule farmers should observe strict surveillance of their crop and observe high levels of crop hygiene as a first step to manage the pests and diseases in the field. These include removal and destruction of affected plants and then preventive control of the identified problem. Post-harvest pests are managed even before harvesting by cleaning the stores and destroying the residues from previous harvest. Use of recommended pesticides on the harvested crop before storage contributes immensely to the preservation of the harvested crop against attacks by pests.

3.1.3 Other Safeguards Policies65. Natural Habitats (OP 4.04). This policy is not triggered by KAPAP and KACCAL. There are

a number of critical habitats in the target program districts/regions. However, none will be adversely affected by the project. The projects will not be implemented in any protected area and is not envisaged to target natural habitats ecosystems such as wetlands (swamps, marshes, wells, rice paddies, springs, mangroves and coastal beaches), forests and grassland fragments. Other program activities are also not expected to negatively impact critical habitats directly, as both projects are going to be implemented within existing farmland. To further reduce potential indirect impacts on natural habitats from the project activities, such as agriculture, livestock, the ESMF provides communities and extension teams with the appropriate checklist tools, resource sheets and planning methods to identify any potential impacts of sub-projects on natural habitats, reserves, or protected areas, and to develop appropriate mitigation measures to minimize or avoid damage, or compensate for it. Those activities that are not addressed by the ESMF and may have impacts on natural habitats will be identified using the screening and review procedures as outlined in Chapter 6.

66. Indigenous People (OP 4.10). World Bank’s policy on Indigenous Peoples (OP 4.10), the Government of Kenya has commissioned the elaboration of this Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework (IPPF) to ensure that the development processes fully respect the dignity, human rights, economies, and culture of indigenous peoples and that the two projects: KAPAP and

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KACCAL and the IPPF have broad community support from the affected groups. The purpose of the IPPF is to ensure that the development process fully respects the dignity, human rights, economies, and culture of indigenous peoples, and that the projects are able to gain the broad community support of affected indigenous populations through free, prior, and informed consultations. To that end, the IPPF presents guidelines which will avert any potentially adverse effects on the indigenous peoples' communities: or if avoidance proves not to be feasible, minimize, mitigate, or compensate for such negative impacts. IPPF is prepared for projects with several sub-projects or those which involve preparation of annual investment programs that are not known at the time of appraisal (e.g. community-driven development projects, social funds, sector investment operations, and financial intermediary loans). The IPPF contains: a description of social assessment for the project; free, prior and informed consultation leading to broad community support, and procedures for preparation and disclosure of an IPP.

3.2 Mainstreaming Safeguard Compliance into Sub-project Screening 67. The screening criteria provided in the ESMF includes relevant questions which will help determine

the extent of environmental and social safeguard impacts of any proposed subproject and the measures needed to be taken into account to mitigate impacts. The screening and review process will help the team to select projects eligible for financing under KAPAP/KACCAL and to identify any sub-projects that may have potentially significant impacts which require more detailed study and the need for a sub-project specific EA. This will ensure that all concerns related to NEMA and the Bank’s safeguard policies are taken into account during the screening of sub-projects for potential impacts, and that the appropriate mitigation measures can be adopted to address them.

3.2.1 Analysis of sub-projects alternatives

68. KAPAP and KACCAL include consideration of alternatives into the PCU operational procedures. At the grassroot level target communities working with PCU make informed choices based on what the service providers offer - consequently, they form a CIG along a specific Value Chain. At the level of community, the proposal development and the screening take place. Farmer alternatives exist in form of CIGs open for joining, which has been promoted. Soon after screening, micro-projects are categorized based on their potential environmental and social risks - category A, B or C. The Category A subprojects are then excluded from further consideration. The B and C subprojects will then undergo either an EIA or a Project Report, based on the requirements from NEMA and this ESMF. In both cases, before preparing the final ESMP, alternatives are again considered.

3.3 IFC Performance Standards69. Among its activities, KACCAL project may include public–private sector partnerships (PPPs).

Potential investment areas include but are not limited to: improving infrastructure to better manage floods and droughts (including small check dams, water pans, and similar facilities); improving livestock monitoring and response systems (for example, improving conditions and risk factors contributing to livestock diseases such as Rift Valley fever, supporting livestock off-take management, and diversifying animal stocks); natural resource management investments (such as agroforestry or rehabilitating water sources); and training in business/enterprise skills for investments in value addition of ASAL products. For such PPP activities, financed by International Finance Corporation (IFC), the project will take into consideration IFC Performance Standards.

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70. IFC applies the Performance Standards to manage social and environmental risks and impacts and to enhance development opportunities in its private sector financing in its member countries eligible for financing. Depending on implementation arrangements for proposed sub-projects these may also be required to comply with relevant IFC Performance Standards, in addition to World Bank Safeguards Policies:

Performance Standard 1: Social and Environmental Assessment and Management System

Performance Standard 2: Labor and Working Conditions Performance Standard 3: Pollution Prevention and Abatement Performance Standard 4: Community Health, Safety and Security Performance Standard 7: Indigenous Peoples

71. The Performance Standards may also be applied by other financial institutions electing to apply them to projects in emerging markets. Together, the Performance Standards establish standards that the client is to meet throughout the life of an investment by IFC or other relevant financial institution.

72. In addition to meeting the requirements under the Performance Standards, clients must comply with applicable national laws, including those laws implementing host country obligations under international law.

3.4 Kenya Environmental Legislation 73. The Government has embraced for proper environmental management of “land use without

destruction of the resource base”. For instance, sessional paper No. 10 of 1965 commonly known as “African Socialism and its application to planning in Kenya” the Government stated that; “While many of our domestic resources are not fully utilized, still others are being dissipated, wasted and in some cases destroyed “ As such, the Government continued with its concern for environmental conservation and protection. Thus, in response to United Nations General Assembly Resolution No. 2393 (XXIII) of 1971, the Kenya Government took steps to enjoin itself with the World Community in search for a global approach towards environmental protection and participated in the first United Nations Conference on Human Environment in Stockholm, Sweden in 1972. This conference saw the birth of the United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP), which was charged with the task of spearheading, encouraging and coordinating sound environmental practices globally in order to; enhance a healthy and qualitative environment for mankind. The Kenya Government proudly hosts this important environmental UN body in Nairobi and wholly supports this program. Later in 1974 the Government formed the National Environment Secretariat charged with the responsibility of coordination and catalyzing environmental activities in the Country. It is charged with ensuring that environmental considerations are harmonized with land use objectives so that development is proceeded within an orderly manner without destroying, depleting or degrading the natural resources on which much development critically depends and thus ensuring a good quality of life for all Kenyans.

74. Despite all these endeavors, there are many sector-specific policies in areas such as Water, Land use, Forestry, Agriculture, Mining, Wildlife, Marine resources, Industry, Population, etc. - all of which are invariably backed by sectoral laws and regulations administered by different Ministries or departments and other bodies in a rather fragmented and uncoordinated manner and without a holistic approach to environmental protection. Thus given the varied and critical issues related to land use and environment it is opportune to have a formal explicit environmental policy to harmonize these issues.

75. The Environmental Management and Coordination Act (1999) provides for establishment of an appropriate legal and institutional framework for the management of all environment

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issues in Kenya (Wamukoya and Situma 2000). The Act enshrines the principles of public participation and provides the necessary mechanisms for implementations of programmes. The Act under section 7 has made provisions of the establishment of the National Environmental Management Authority (NEMA), which has the statutory mandate to supervise and coordinate all environmental activities in Kenya. There is need to enforce this Act at all levels of preparation of Environmental action Plans.

76. The preparation and review of this ESMF has taken into account the requirements for environmental assessment under Kenyan law, mainly under Section 58 of the Environmental Management and Co-ordination Act, 1999. The section also requires project proponents to obtain an EA License from NEMA before the implementation of a project. The Act as well as the Environmental (Impact Assessment and Audit) Regulations 2003, Kenya Gazette Supplement No. 56 of 13th June 2003, requires that the project proponent submits a project report to the NEMA to determine whether the projects will adversely affect the environment.

3.5 Sub-Project Screening under Kenyan Law 77. As the result of screening, any Category A sub-project will be excluded from further

consideration by the project team. Each Category B and C sub-project will be reviewed further to determine if any of them require an EA or other follow up steps to ensure the coverage of environmental and social risks of such sub-project. . As a next step, a copy of the EA report will be submitted to the National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) for approval. NEMA will review and comment on the EA before the sub-project can be appraised.

3.6 International Conventions and Treaties 78. The objectives of the convention are to conserve biological diversity, sustainable use of its

components and fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of the genetic resources including the access to the genetic resources and by appropriate transfer of the relevant technologies, taking into account all rights over those resources and to technologies and by appropriate funding (Alitsi 2002). Kenya is party to a number of treaties and other such agreements and will, certainly, continue to accept such instruments (Wamukoya and Situma 2000). Some of the environmental treaties to which Kenya is a party include:

3.6.1 African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources79. The African Convention of Nature and Natural Resources emphasizes the need for

conservation, utilization and development of natural resources in Africa in accordance with the scientific principles and with due regard to the best interest of the people. It requires parties to establish land use plans based on scientific investigations when implementing agricultural practices and agrarian reforms. The proposed programme and projects are to utilize agricultural scientific knowledge and interventions in the conservation, utilization and development of natural resources.

3.6.2. Convention for the protection management and development of the marine and coastal environment of the eastern African region 80. The convention is a comprehensive, umbrella agreement for the protection, management and

development of the Marine and coastal environment of the Eastern African Region. It lists the sources of pollution, which require control; pollution from ships, dumping, and land based resources and seabed activities. The convention has two additional protocols namely; the protocol concerning protected areas and wild fauna and flora in the Eastern Africa region and the protocol

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concerning co-operation in combating marine pollution in cases of emergency in the Eastern African region. Under the convention nobody can become a contracting party without also becoming a party to at least one protocol. The project is expected to conserve the coastal environment by safeguarding against pollutions from agricultural technologies.

3.6.3 Convention on Biological Diversity (1992) 81. The Convention on Biological Diversity adopts a broad approach to conservation (Alistsi 2002). It

requires Parties to the Convention to adopt national strategies, plans and programs for the conservation of biological diversity, and to integrate the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity into relevant sectoral and cross-sectoral plans, programs and policies. The proposed programme and projects are expected to conserve biodiversity, especially the rare and endangered species in the projects’ area and its environs.

3.5.4 United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those countries experiencing serious drought and /or desertification particularly in Africa (1996). 82. The United Nations convention to combat desertification (UNCCD) was adopted in 1994 and came

into force in December 1996. The objective UNCCD is to combat desertification and mitigate the effects of drought in seriously affected countries, especially those in Africa, Latin America, the Caribbean, Asia, and Northern Mediterranean. It seeks to achieve this objective through integrated approaches to development, supported by international cooperation and partnership arrangements, in the affected areas. It lays emphasis on long-term strategies that focus on improved productivity of land and the rehabilitation, conservation and sustainable management of land and water resources, leading to improved living conditions, in particular at the community level. The proposed programme and projects are designed to implement the requirements of the UNCCD.

3.6.5 United Nations Framework convention on Climate Change (1992) 83. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) was signed in 1992

under UNICED and it seeks to regulate levels of greenhouse gases (GHGs) concentration in the atmosphere, so as to avoid the occurrence of climate change at levels that would harm economic development, or that would impede food production activities. The Convention is founded on the principle that contracting parties should take courses of action, in respect of their economic and social activities, and with regard to the Convention’s specific requirements, that will protect the climate system for present and future generations. The proposed projects will assist in the implementation of the specific requirements of the Convention.

3.6.6 Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as waterfowl habitat (1971) 84. The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands is primarily concerned with the conservation and

management of wetlands and their flora and fauna especially waterfowl by combining far sighted national policies with co-ordinate international action. It was signed at Ramsar, Iran on 2nd

February 1971 and amended by the protocol of 3rd December 1982 and the amendments of the 28th

May 1987. Parties to the Convention are also required to promote the wise use of wetlands in their territories and to take measures for their conservation by establishing nature reserves in wetlands, whether they are included in the Ramsar list or not. Kenya ratified the Ramsar Convention in June 1990. The proposed Projects are expected to adhere to the Ramsar Convention’s principles of wise use of wetlands in the project area.

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3.6.7 Convention on the Conservation of Migratory species 85. The Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) was adopted to conserve migratory species of wild

animals given that migratory species are seen as an international resource. Such species may be terrestrial or marine. The State Members of the Convention endeavor to conclude agreements for the protection and management of migratory species whose conservation status is unfavorable and of those whose conservation status would substantially benefit from international cooperation deriving from an agreement. The Convention’s Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Water birds is specific on the need to protect the migratory water birds’ feeding, breeding and wintering habitats, the main ones being wetlands and open water bodies.

3.6.8 Important Bird Areas86. The Eastern Arc Mountains (Taita Hills), Kikuyu Escarpment Forest (Kikuyu/Kinale), Lake

Baringo (Tugen Hills), Cherangany Forest (Cherangany) and Lake Victoria (Yala Catchment) have been identified as Important Bird Areas (IBAs) of Kenya (BirdLife International, 2003). The Important Bird Areas Programme is a worldwide initiative working for the conservation of biological diversity and the sustainability of human use of natural resources. The projects are expected to recognize these IBAs and to protect them where they occur in the projects’ area or in the environs.

3.6.9 The Nile Treaties 87. There are about eleven treaties dealing with the consumptive use of the waters of River Nile and

Lake Victoria. The riparian countries are under limited obligations under general international law to permit the lower riparian States an equitable share of the water, but then the exact modalities would be subject to fresh negotiations. The Nile Basin Initiative is currently addressing the issue of equitable utilization of the common Nile Basin water resources. The Nile Basin Initiative seeks to harness the tremendous potential of the Nile for the benefit of the people of the Basin, both for now and for generations to come. This becomes a major challenge because as economic development accelerates, population increases and demand for water grows. NBI’s Shared Vision puts economic development at its centre. The Shared Vision is: “To achieve sustainable socio-economic development through the equitable utilization of, and benefits from, the common Nile Basin water resources” or in short “Sustainable development of the River Nile for the benefit of all”.

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4.0 BASELINE INFORMATION

4.1 Some Biophysical and socio-economic factors of KAPAP and KACCAL districts 88. The two projects cover 59 districts in the country, KACCAL covering four out of these districts.

The socio-economic diversity and agro-ecological variation of the country were considered as fundamental in choosing the districts. In developing the criteria for the selection of the districts, a number of factors were considered and evaluated based on factual information and available data. Some of the major considerations included environmental management and conservation, resource endowment, food security, prevalence of service providers, agro-ecological potential, and coverage of agricultural development projects e.g. NALEP, ALSMP and ATIRI initiative in the districts. The current coverage of the districts by agricultural projects was considered, and among the chosen districts, 60% had a high number of projects while 40% had relatively fewer. The potential risk of damage to the environment (deforestation, destruction of water catchment areas, soil erosion and unsafe use of pesticides) as a result of the current activities and level of available technologies. Agro-ecological potentiality (High, Medium and Low) of the district was also considered with the objective of being representative in the range of districts. Consideration of major issues of strategic significance to the economy and food insecurity (major food crops, industrial crops, livestock enterprises, potential irrigable land, intensity of agro-business, marketing systems and outlets) and the density of established agricultural service providers (public, private, CBOs and NGOs).

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Table 2 Socio-economic and biophysical characteristics of KAPAP and KACCAL districts.KAPAP/ KACCALDistricts/Regions

Meanannual rainfall

Agro-Ecological Zones2

Population below poverty level (%)

Land tenure Main Issues Main soil andwater conservation measures

Populationdensity per km

Average landsize (ha) per household

Main cropsgrown

Livestock activities

Embu 700-2000 TA ,UH LMand UM

47 Free hold andtrust land

Naturalresources degradation

Terraces, trashlines, mulching, ridging agro

132 2.3 Maize, beans, coffee, tea and vegetables

Improveddairy animals and small stock

Meru Central UH,LM andUM

61 Freehold andtrust land

Lack ofeffective irrigation technologies to improve productivity

Terraces, trashlines, mulching, ridging agroforestry etc

167 Improveddairy and beef animalsand small stock

Makueni 560-900 LM2, LM3,UM4, LM5, LM6, UM5,UM6,

52 Freehold andtrust land

Rainwaterharvesting and ranching

Terraces, trashlines, mulching, ridging, agroforestry etc

100 2.5 Maize, Pigeonpea, SorghumBeans, fruit trees and vegetables

Tana River CL3,4,5,6 Trust landand communal and freehold

Largepotential for irrigated agriculture, especially cotton production.

Terraces, trashlines, mulching, ridging, agro forestry etc

5

2 UH – Upper Highland; LM – Lower Midland; UM –Upper Midland; CL – Coastal Lowland; L – Lowland; LH – Low Highland;

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KAPAP/ KACCALDistricts/Regions

Meanannual rainfall

Agro-Ecological Zones

Population below poverty level (%)

Land tenure Main Issues Main soil andwater conservation measures

Populationdensity per km

Average landsize (ha) per household

Main cropsgrown

Livestock activities

Kilifi L3,4,5, 72 Freehold ,leashold and trust land

Cashew nutindustry and ecotourism

114 Sweetpotatoes maize, cowpeas, sisal, coconutcashow nut and groundnut cassavaGarissa AEZ 5,6 Trust land

and communal

RanchingOpportunities with good outlets for animals.

Pastorolism,cambered bends. Ridges etc

9 Maize stoves,dried cassava tubers

Wajir AEZ6 Trust landand communal

Appropriateirrigation and drainage in seasonal rivers for ranching.

Pastorolism,cambered bends. Ridges etc

6 Beef animalsand small stock

Nyeri 900-1700 TA ,UH, LMand UM

51 Freehold , andtrust land

Terraces, trashlines, mulching, ridging, agro forestry etc

253 1.8 Maize, beans,coffee, tea and vegetables

Improveddairy and beef animals and smallstock

Nyandarua 750-1500 LH2, LH4,LH5, UM4, UM5, LM5,UM6

56 Freehold andtrust land

Dairy andinfrastructur e.

Terraces, trashlines, mulching, ridging, agroforestry etc

145 2.33 Maize ,beans,pyrethrum, wheat, barley,potatoes,cabbages,

Improveddairy and beef animalsand smallstock

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KAPAP/ KACCALDistricts/Regions

Meanannual rainfall

Agro-Ecological Zones

Population below poverty level (%)

Land tenure Main Issues Main soil andwater conservation measures

Populationdensity per km

Average landsize (ha) per household

Main cropsgrown

Livestock activities

Nakuru 900-1200 LH2, LH4,LH5, UM4, UM5, LM5, UM6

39 Freehold,trust landand leasehold

Small cerealsproduction.

Terraces, trashlines, mulching, ridging, agro forestry etc

164 4.63 Maize, wheat,barley, beans, cabbages,

Improveddairy and local cattle and smallstock

West Pokot 900-1300 UH1-2, LH3,UM4 -5, UH2, LH4,LM5-6, LM

53 Communaland trust land and freehold

Largepotential for ranching and beef production.

Terraces, trashlines, mulching, ridging, agroforestry androtational grazing

34 34 Maize, beans,sorghum, millet.

Improveddairy and local cattleand smallstock

Trans-nzoia 970- 1300 LH3, LH4,LM4, UM1

48 Freehold andtrust land

Small andlarge grains, and seed production.

Terraces, trashlines, mulching, ridging, agro forestry etc

231 3.36 Maize,beans, wheat, barley, beans and cabbages

Improveddairy and local cattle and small stock

Siaya 864-1800 LM1,2,3,4,5

64 Freehold andtrust land

Irrigation anddrainage development

Terraces, trashlines, mulching, ridging, agroforestry etc

316 2.14 Maize, beans,ground nuts, sunflower,onions, coffee, cassava, sugar cane andbananas

Improveddairy and local cattleand small stock

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KAPAP/ KACCALDistricts/Regions

Meanannual rainfall

Agro-Ecological Zones

Population below poverty level (%)

Land tenure Main Issues Main soil andwater conservation measures

Populationdensity per km

Average landsize (ha) per household

Main cropsgrown

Livestock activities

Gucha 1600-2000 UM1, UM2,LH2

61 Freehold andtrust landand leasehold

Goodenvironment and potential to increase millet, maize, and dairy productivity.

Terraces, trashlines, mulching, ridging, agroforestry etc

698 1.3 Maize, beans,cabbages, tomatoes,pineapples,sorghum,bana nas etc

Improveddairy and local breedsof cattle andsmall stock

Homabay 813-1400 UM1, 3 ,LM1, LM2, LM3, LM4,

71 Freehold andtrust landand leasehold

Sodic soilsand water hyacinth

Terraces, trashlines, mulching, ridging, agro forestry etc

249 3.38 Maize,barley, beans, cabbages

Improveddairy and local breeds of cattle andsmall stock

Kakamega 1100-2100 UM1-2,UM4,LM1 and LM2

63 Freehold,trust landand leasehold

Soil fertilitymanagement and drainage.

Terraces, trashlines, mulching, ridging, agroforestry etc

433 2 Maize,beans, wheat, barley, sugarcane, beansand cabbages

Improveddairy and beef cattleand smallstock

Butere-Mumias LH3, LH4,LM4, UM1

61 Freehold,trust landand leasehold

Terraces, trashlines, mulching, ridging, agro forestry etc

508 Maize,beans, barley and sugar cane

Improveddairy and local breeds of cattle and small stock

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KAPAP/ KACCALDistricts/Regions

Meanannual rainfall

Agro-Ecological Zones

Population below poverty level (%)

Land tenure Main Issues Main soil andwater conservation measures

Populationdensity per km

Average landsize (ha) per household

Main cropsgrown

Livestock activities

Busia 925-1766 UM1, UM2,LH2

67 Freehold,trust landand leasehold

Low soilfertility and water logging.

Terraces, trashlines, mulching, ridging, agroforestry etc

330 2.7 Sugar cane,sunflower, cotton,Cassava, maize, beans, sorghum, sweetpotatoes and ground nut

LivestocklocalLivestock breeds andcross breeds.

Taita Taveta 500-1200 LH2, UM3,UM4, LM4, LM6, L6

58% Freehold,trust landand leasehold

Wildlife/agriculture conflict, eco- tourism and cross border trade.

Terraces, trashlines, mulching, ridging, agroforestry etc

82 2 Maize, beans,onions, coffee, teaand vegetables

Dairy, Beefanimals and small stock

Kwale Freehold,trust landand leasehold

Eco-tourismmarkets a target for well developed agriculture.

Terraces, trashlines, mulching, ridging, agro forestry etc

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5.0 GUIDANCE ON POTENTIAL IMPACTS

5.1 Overall Environmental and Social Impacts and Indicators in Agriculture

72. The two projects contribute to the revitalization of the agricultural sector in Kenya by: facilitating empowerment of farmers to access and adopting profitable and sustainable technologies; laying the groundwork for a pluralistic agricultural extension and learning system; integrating and prioritizing the national agricultural system; and supporting analytical work to inform policy and institutional reform. In this respect, no major environmental issues are anticipated for the projects. The projects’ beneficiaries include farmers and communities who are mobilized and participate voluntarily in projects’ activities. The key stakeholders include farmers, communities, CBOs and NGOs, local government, environmental management institutions and the relevant sector ministries and departments (agriculture, water, environment, forest and wildlife, lands and communities).

89. KAPAP and KACCAL will involve direct interventions in the biophysical and human environments. The potential environmental impacts can be categorized as biophysical, and social. These impacts can occur at various stages of projects’ development and can be positive or negative, temporary or permanent, and cumulative. On balance, the potential positive impacts of the projects outweigh the negative impacts. Therefore, the two projects have the potential to make a significant contribution to Kenya’s policies to protect and preserve the environment while reducing poverty in rural areas.

90. In the absence of adequate capacity for environmental and social screening, potential environmental impacts at local, national and global levels may include pollution and eutrophication of water bodies, interference with wetland and animal ecology (particularly birds and fish), erosion and sedimentation. Alternative livelihoods (e.g ecotourim or herbal medicine)) and intensification of agricultural production (including emerging livestock) which may result in community well-being, may also lead to an increase in areas brought under cultivation and overall numbers of livestock units which may increase demand on natural resources or degrade the surrounding environment. The stakeholders will be provided with an opportunity to build their capacity in environmental and social screening by learning how to avoid or mitigate localized impacts from sub-projects.

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Table 3. Environmental issues, impacts and indicators in agriculture related to KAPAP and KACCAL

Environmental Issues Impact Mitigation strategies IndicatorLoss of habitat, through:

Conversion of land to agriculture Overstocking/overgrazing

Illegal forest reserve and river encroachment

Loss of vegetative cover Loss of biodiversity Impaired catchments function Increased soil erosion and

sedimentation Increased pressure for fuel wood

from remaining forest areas

Agroforestry Zero grazing Alternative agriculture e.g. fish

farming, aloe Vera farming etc. Conservation agriculture Terracing and maintenance of the

same. Capacity build such communities Enforcement of the law by

relevant institution Land and water conservation Partnership of the PIU with KFS to

% tree cover Presence/population density of key

species Erosion/sedimentation rates, water

quality, quantity and flow rates Encroachment, density of rural roads Energy/ Fuel-wood consumption per

household

Use of inappropriate farming practices and technologies:

Cultivation on steep slopes Overuse of pesticides/biocides/ other

agrochemicalsOverstocking of marginal lands

Cultivation of crops unsuited to an agro- ecological zone (particularly in marginal districts)

Monoculture (sugar cane, maize and tea)

Encroachment into forest areas, protected areas, etc

Loss of vegetative cover Loss of agro -biodiversity Impaired catchment function Inadequate water for crops Water logging/flooding/land slides Increased soil erosion and sedimentation Declining soil productivity (soil and

nutrient loss) Salinity, soil sealing/hard pans Pollution of surface and groundwater Soil contamination Risks to human health. Contamination of water sources by

livestock

Terracing Land and water conservation Law enforcement Crop diversification and

intensification Continuous implementation of

Integrated Pest Management Practices in the target project areas

Capacity build target communities and service providers

Zero grazing policy Alternative agriculture- fish

farming, aloe farming Water catchment protection Enforcement of the law by relevant

institution. Partnership of the PIU with KFS to avoid forest reserve encroachment.

Appropriate livestock breeds and locally adapted crops

% tree cover Presence/population density of key

species Erosion/sedimentation rates, water

quality and flow rates Water availability Rates of erosion and sedimentation Soil fertility-soil nutrient deficiency Water quality Public health indicators Erosion/sedimentation rates, water

quality

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Agriculture – wildlife conflicts:

Conflict for food/water/other resources between livestock, wildlife and humans

Crop-raiding/stealing

Reduction in populations of key wildlife species

Risk of death or injury to farmers/ pastoralists

Negotiation support, conflict resolutions, set penalties, fast compensation and benefit sharing with the neighbouring communities.

Eco-tourism opportunities Fodder conservation for livestock

Presence/population density of key species

Crop-raiding incidents, human injuries and fatalities

Crop-specific impacts: Nutrient mining Reduced genetic material

Application of fungicides and pesticides/excess

fertilizer

Reduced agro-biodiversity value Reduced ecological function (e.g.

catchment function) Pollution from agrochemicals (e.g.

pesticides on cotton)

Use of recommended organic and inorganic fertilizers for soil fertility improvement

Biodiversity conservation and selection

Pollution control through flashing with excess water

Employment of Integrated Pest Management Practices

Capacity build all stakeholders on specific and related issues

% tree cover, presence/population density of key species

Erosion/sedimentation rates, water quality and availability

Soil fertility, water quality, human health indicators

Proneness to climatic fluctuation (especially drought):

Crop failure Overgrazing Flooding Land slides

Loss of vegetative cover Impaired catchment function Increased soil erosion and

sedimentation Water stress Increased pressure on forest areas for

fuel wood

Soil and water conservation techniques

Water harvesting for crop production- ridging, pitting, conservation agriculture

Check dams, planting deep rooted trees.

Agro forestry practices Crop diversification i.e. fruit trees,

alternative agriculture- fish farming, ecotourism, herbal medicine

Law enforcement

% tree cover Erosion/sedimentation rates, water

quality and flow rates Erosion/sedimentation rates Water availability, seasonal variations Fuel wood consumption

Note: 1. See list of acronyms prefacing in the report

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Table 4. Social issues their impacts and indicators in agriculture sector

Socio issue Impact Mitigation strategies IndicatorResource poor farmers not able to

access extension services and agricultural inputs :

Cost of extension service too high Lack of credit and micro- enterprise services

Lack of farm inputs Lack of sufficient service providers Distance to service provider

Food insecurity at household level Poverty

Use of contract service providers Subsidy on farm inputs by the

government Use radios, TV and internet services

and mobile SMS in passing messages Group demonstration of technologies,

use participatory methods of technology transfer

The number of small scale farmers adopting agriculture technology through extension services providers

Developed agricultural research technologies are not monitored for adoption, impacts on people’s livelihoods and environmental management.

Research fails to transform livelihood of the poor

Poor adaptation and utilization of agriculture technology

Inability to scale-up best practices

Use of contract service providers Subsidy on farm inputs by the

government Use radios, TV and internet services

and mobile SMS in passing messages Group demonstration of technologies,

use participatory methods of technology transfer

Number of agriculture technology initiatives that are farmer demand driven

Adequate community representation in all consultative foray

.

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Women have inadequate access to and control of production resources even though they play a critical role in agriculture.

No ownership of land No control of production or access to

markets No voice in decision- making regarding

agricultural technologies and policies at farm level

Lack of access to credit facilities Cultural gender biases

Poor adoption of agriculture technology Increased household food insecurity.

Lack of control to productive resources and reduced productivity

Update of the land use policy Gender mainstreaming through

training

% Of women participating in decision making and consultative fora (50% women representation)

% Of women accessing extension services and controlling benefits accrued from agriculture

AIDS/drugs continue to present a major challenge to the agriculture sector. An estimate of 72 % of the 2.5 million Kenyan adults infected with HIV live in areas where agriculture is the key source of livelihood.

Decrease in household crop production Challenge to meet demand for high nutrition required by people living with AIDS and orphan children

Increase incidences of malnutrition, morbidity and child mortality. Shortage of labour leading to high cost of food production

Increased incidences of child abuse and child labour as orphans and vulnerable children step in to supplement family income.

Awareness creation Contract labour Diversify feeding habits to shift from

traditional feeding to liberal feeding. Capacity building Improved nutrition

Number of projects that integrate HIV/AIDS with extension services HIV/AIDS responses in new agriculture policy

Indigenous people (e.g. Ogieks, Il Chamus) marginalized and without effective land security and access to appropriate agricultural extension services

Poverty Livelihood insecurity Please refer to KAPAP/KACCAL IPPF for specific mitigation measures. This document has been published in World Bank InfoShop and in Kenya.

Number of projects that target benefits for indigenous peoples

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5.2 Potential Positive Impacts of KAPAP and KACCAL

75. The sub projects from the two projects are expected to generate many positive social impacts that could lead to improvements in alleviation of poverty, improved food security through better crop yields, better extension service, diversified agricultural resource base, and improved household income. The projects will also result in a multiplier effect on the local economy through development of entrepreneurial activities such as access to market outlets. Better managed land and water resources will result in fewer social conflicts. The projects are expected to result in increased availability of water for agriculture and livestock and aquaculture. Productive employment opportunities especially for women and the youth are likely to increase. Support to apiculture embraces potential for significant and culturally appropriate benefits for the indigenous peoples. The projects will also result in more affordable health care when medicinal plants are used. The effective management and reversal of degradation of natural habitats through soil and water conservation techniques will lead to conservation of natural habitats and biodiversity. This will result in increased quantities and diversity of goods and services provided by the ecosystems. At the national, county, district levels and community levels, the projects will promote rural development strategies that integrate ecosystem concerns.

76. KAPAP and KACCAL are also envisioned to have substantial positive environmental impacts. The projects will contribute to the decentralization process through community management of natural resources and integrated ecosystem management decision-making processes. The projects will contribute to the reduction of soil degradation, improvement of crop production and sequestration of above and below ground carbon, and reduced siltation, and nutrient runoff to rivers systems draining into aquatic ecosystems. International waters of Lakes Victoria, Jipe, Chala and their influent tributaries will be protected from sedimentation through restoration of river bank vegetation. The projects will also contribute to the commitments made under several global conventions and treaties, in particular, Convention on Biological Diversity, Convention on Wetlands, UN Framework on Climate Change, and Convention to Combat Desertification. Pressure on natural habitats(remnant forests, riparian areas, wetlands, etc.) will be decreased through improved on-farm and off-farm biodiversity. All in all, the two projects have the potential to make a significant contribution to Kenya’s policies to protect and conserve the environment, and also mitigate on climate change while reducing poverty in rural areas.

5.3 Sub projects Potential negative impacts

On the whole, the projects interventions will focus on implementation of specific activities that improve the long-term sustainability of the ecosystem. No major environmental impacts are anticipated from the projects; however, potential environmental impacts at local, national and global levels that may be anticipated include pollution and eutrophication of water bodies, interference with wetland and animal ecology (particularly birds and fish), erosion and sedimentation.

With regard to the critical habitats that include swamps, wetlands, forests, community protected areas and grassland fragments in the district catchment areas, none will be adversely affected by the projects. The projects will not be implemented in any protected area. The projects will focus on efficient technology transfer and conservation strategies hence there will be no degradation or conversion of habitats.

The potential negative impacts that may be anticipated include:

Localized pollution and eutrophication of water bodies, and interference with wetland and animal ecology particularly birds and fish.

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Alternative livelihoods (, aquaculture, ecotourism, Aloe vera farming and intensification of agricultural production including livestock) may lead to an increase in areas brought under cultivation and overall numbers of livestock units which may increase demand on natural resources or degrade the surrounding environment.

Soil erosion may occur after removing vegetation cover for land clearing, exposing the soil to water and wind erosion.

Localized agro-chemical pollution and reduction of water quality from agro- chemical use are likely to occur. Handling of pesticides and disposal of empty chemical containers requires serious attention.

Human-wildlife conflicts may increase.Increased production may promote internal migration leading to more pressure on land.

As vulnerable and marginalized groups are often not involved in the decision making process is it likely that their rights, livelihoods and needs are not included in the capacity building exercise.

Many people may not readily adopt the use of medicinal and aromatic plants for health care.

The local people particularly the vulnerable (women, disabled) and the marginalized may not have the capacity to participate in the projects.

Differential impacts of the two projects capacity building efforts and investments (according to gender, wealth status, or livelihood strategy) may result in some groups relying to a greater extent than others on unsustainable use of natural resources.

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Table 5: Projects’ Impact factors and Risk mitigation measures

Risk Explanation ApproachRural livelihoods and environment are often complex, unpredictable and fragile (e.g. rural communities are highly subdivided along clan and ethnic lines), and achieving effective participation may not be easy.

Rural livelihoods are diverse and complex in nature hence it is people living in a particular local area who understand the local environment, interactions within their society, and their economy more than outside intervening parties.

The projects are based on a full- participatory demand-driven approach containing direct funding for community initiated sub-projects and providing for mobilization of local resources through income generation activities.

Lack of adequate capacity for environmental and social screening of small-scale activities may exacerbate existing environmental and social issues affecting communities within the target areas.

Kenya lacks adequate qualified staff and mechanisms for the screening and mitigation of impacts induced from sub-project activities. This is especially important since sub- projects will be community driven where such expertise may be lacking. This may exacerbate current environmental stress.

The projects include components for training and capacity building for community groups and associations to prioritize their needs and manage the environmental and social aspects of the sub-projects; local government officials and other service providers to assist communities in preparation of sub-project proposals, and to appraise, approve and supervise implementation of sub-projects.

Differential impacts of the projects training and investments (according to gender, wealth status, or livelihood strategy) may result in some interest groups capturing benefits.

Some sub-categories of the population which stands to gain like the elite groups may capture some of the intended village investments, whereas more disadvantaged groups may be forced to rely on an unsustainable use of their natural resource base.

Special attention will need to be paid to poverty targeting approaches within villages to ensure that investments in support activities and sub- projects are identified and implemented so as not to lead to unsustainable use or impacts on natural resources.

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Alternative livelihoods like fish farming, bee keeping, and intensification of agricultural production may result in improved well-being and may also lead to an increase in areas brought under cultivation and overall numbers of livestock.

Improved access to markets may increase incentives to increase areas under production or increase animal numbers.

Although alternative livelihood strategies will seek to strengthen and add value to existing systems, the project need to call for an integrated systems to ensure counter measures to secure the natural resources base

.

Rapid institutional and governance change in the formal national, provincial and community systems for governing natural resource areas may create competing or ineffective institutions within government.

Recent changes or trends in Kenya include the move towards decentralization with the accompanying risk of ineffective restructuring, training and empowerment to ensure a successful transition.

Each project support for institutional change will be monitored carefully, in full view of political sensitivities between the different systems, and be carried out with regular consultations with the affected parties.

There are a significant number of NGOs and development agency- financed projects in the catchment operational areas with considerable rural development experience, which may be undermined by the financial weight to be injected in by the two projects if they are not effectively included in the process.

The financial size and scope of the two projects is significant in comparison to the smaller scale NGO and bilaterally-funded development projects in rural areas. This may have implications for the relation between government administrations and NGOs, between existing projects, and communities, and among staff of government and NGOs.

The two projects will work to build capacity within national, provincial, and community administrations, and continue the collaborative approach; and consider making use of NGOs and stockists as service providers, in addition to private sector contractors where appropriate.

Rising population pressures, deteriorating resource base and intensification of the traditional production systems have led to an increase in the number of land-related conflicts, and introduction of investments in such areas may attract outside migrants that will increase pressure on existing resources.

Investments to be done by the two projects may serve to bring back those who had migrated out in search of income earning alternatives into the recipient communities and they will also seek to benefit from the improvements. This could lead to friction or conflict and put additional pressure on limited resources.

The projects will continue to work carefully with communities to devise measures to support sustainable investments and ensure the inclusion of migrants into their communities.

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5.4 Environmental Issues in National Agricultural Research

Most of the environmental issues in agricultural research vary across centers due to the different commodity research being undertaken. This means that each station has its needs, activities, products and unique services specific to the needs of the clientele it serves.

For example plant pathology under the crop protection section needs “Disaster Preparedness” in case of fire as requiring urgent attention. Since the sections have laboratories using flammable chemicals and thus the need for adequate management measures to be put in place. The soil chemistry laboratories, Entomology and IDRP sections need similar management.

In the weed science and soil chemistry lab (CP) disposal of used and obsolete lab chemicals is a priority since they do not have proper disposal method for already used herbicides. The soil chemistry lab stores expired chemicals on their shelves since they lack safety disposal procedures for them. A lot of papers and files in the centers contribute to a lot of pollution when disposing off the same. Various programmes in the research centres have either a direct or indirect impact on the environment. There 6 environmental issues which need to be observed:

Environmental awareness: this refers to the extent to which the research institutions staff members have knowledge about environmental management and its importance as well as familiarity in general information on environmental issues.

Cost saving opportunities: Has to do with what activities have been put in place to ensure cost reduction in the respective areas. e.g. lighting, recycling paper and water use /re-use

Disposal of used lab or obsolete laboratory chemical: This refers to ensuring that the status and mechanisms for disposing of such chemicals are in line with NEMA as stipulated in the law. (EMCA2000).

Disaster preparedness-Refers to the ability of the centre to adequately control and manage any emergencies that would occur in the course of running the institution.

Environmental aesthetics: Involves the continuous maintenance of the centre compound especially the landscaping, cleanliness, ornamentals and maintenance of buildings.

Waste Disposal: Is the method used by the institution to dispose of various wastes which includes; solid materials, fuel, obsolete chemicals and management of sewerage wastes from residential and office buildings

5.4.1 Environmental Awareness

General information on environmental management systems: In many sections of Research Institutions, there is poor and inadequate awareness and information dissemination on issues related to the environment. As a result, there is poor environmental management thus a need for developing an environmental management system. Creation of an environmental awareness programme thus is required to ensure all staff members are well enlightened on what environmental conservation entails. It should also be noted that this is very important as it contributes to KARI for instance as a whole by adhering to EMCA, 2000 requirements which will ultimately be verified by an EIA&A undertaken in the future. Failure to undertake or adhere to the EIA&A may lead to prosecution and stoppage of ongoing projects by NEMA.

5.4.2 Occupational Safety

First aid kits: Some working areas like laboratories should have first aid kits to be used in case of injuries of the workers. In some sections like Entomology section has first aid kits but they should be regularly checked to ensure that all the necessary items are there. Laboratory gas fume chambers: These should be regularly serviced to ensure that they function efficiently. In sections where this equipment is used like the labs the fume

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chambers need to service regularly and as it may endanger the health of staff working in the labs.

All contractors shall be enforced to provide Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) equipment to the workers, with penalty for noncompliance. Workers should be encouraged to wear the equipment provided, for their own safety. Laboratory staff should also adopt measures for use of PPE.

PPE provides additional protection to workers exposed to workplace hazards in conjunction with other facility controls and safety systems. PPE is considered to be a last resort that is above and beyond the other facility controls and provides the worker with an extra level of personal protection. Table below presents general examples of occupational hazards and types of PPE available for different purposes. Recommended measures for use of PPE in the workplace include:

Active use of PPE if alternative technologies, work plans or procedures cannot eliminate, or sufficiently reduce, a hazard or exposure;

Identification and provision of appropriate PPE that offers adequate protection to the worker, co-workers, and occasional visitors, without incurring unnecessary inconvenience to the individual

Proper maintenance of PPE, including cleaning when dirty and replacement when damaged or worn out. Proper use of PPE should be part of the recurrent training programs for Employees Selection of PPE should be based on the hazard and risk ranking described earlier in this section, and selected according to criteria on performance and testing established by recognized organizations.

Table 6. Summary of Recommended Personal Protective Equipment According to Hazard:

Objective Workplace hazards Suggested PPE

Eye and face protection

Flying particles, molten metal, liquid chemicals, gases or vapors, light radiation.

Safety Glasses with side-shields, protective shades, etc.

Head protection

Falling objects, inadequate height clearance, and overhead power cords.

Plastic Helmets with top and side impact protection.

Hearing protection

Noise, ultra-sound. Hearing protectors (ear plugs or ear muffs).

Foot protection

Falling or rolling objects, pointed objects. Corrosive or hot liquids.

Safety shoes and boots for protection against moving & falling objects, liquids and chemicals.

Hand protection

Hazardous materials, cuts or lacerations, vibrations, extreme temperatures.

Gloves made of rubber or synthetic materials (Neoprene), leather, steel, insulating materials, etc.

Respiratory protection

Dust, fogs, fumes, mists, gases, smokes, vapors. Facemasks with appropriate filters for dust removal and air purification (chemicals, mists, vapors and gases).

Body/leg protection

Extreme temperatures, hazardous materials, biological agents, cutting and laceration.

Insulating clothing, body suits, aprons etc. of appropriate materials.

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5.4.3 Waste Disposal

All disposal methods should adhere to the Environmental Management and Co-ordination (waste management) regulation act of 2006. Solid materials: Large quantities of solid materials like laboratory glass wares, metal and plastic chemical containers should not be dumped in the open pit as this produces toxic fumes when burned or when it reacts with other compounds in the environment unlike other wastes for example paper. Sorting of wastes should be encouraged as this enables the recyclable wastes to be identified and re-used and the non-recyclable wastes be disposed of safely.

Liquid materials: A research centers can also subscribe to NEMA and the municipal council to be licensed to dispose of all the hazardous chemical waste from all the sections that produce them. From the cafeteria all the domestic liquid waste facilities should be connected to the electromechanical system. As a long-term project, each of the centres can install an effluent treatment plant to treat waste water to acceptable environmental standards before discharge to the environment. Gaseous emissions: it is common practice to burn waste materials which are collected while cleaning the centre. This activity increases carbon dioxide in the atmosphere which negatively affects the climate. The incinerator should be used to burn any substance with hazardous chemicals especially from the lab. Therefore, all waste from the lab should be sorted before disposal.

5.4.4 Disaster Preparedness

It is important for the centers to identify possible sources of disasters and put in place measures to mitigate these potential sources. These were identified and they include: Fires: Fire outbreaks could occur in any part of an institute’s infrastructure. In a research centre, some areas are high risk as they are more fire prone compared to others and these are for example the laboratories using the flammable chemicals as opposed to the administration section. In most of the sections participants noted that there’s limited awareness as to the usage of several of fire-fighting extinguishers. Different types of fires require different fire extinguishers and staff should be properly trained on how and when to use the available equipment. There’s also need to conduct regular fire drills maybe once a year to enhance awareness and response in the event of a disaster. The centers should upgrade the fire-fighting equipment at all the sections especially sensitive areas like the laboratory. Maintenance of these should also be improved.

5.4.5 Used and Obsolete Micro Project Waste or Laboratory Chemicals

The by-products from the laboratories or even from the district/County sub projects can be disposed in a way that causes no or less harm to the environment. Decontamination of laboratories can be used to reduce toxicity of these substances. To reduce the water pollution levels of water discharged from the laboratories, the following can be done before water is discharged into the drainage system:

Sedimentation of the effluent to remove the suspended solids.

Chemical treatment of effluence to precipitate heavy metals.

Physical treatment of the chemical solutions by filtration to remove the solids.

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6.0 REPORTING AND RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE ESMF This chapter sets out the reporting systems and responsibilities of the officers in implementing the ESMF. The chapter commences with details of the issues that will be addressed by the ESMF, and the specific steps to be taken to ensure adherence to the ESMF. It then describes the various elements of the ESMF including:

Flowchart for reporting and advice; Screening checklist for sub-projects; Annual environmental and social progress report format; and Description of roles.

6.1 Key Environmental Issues and Proposed Actions for Implementation of ESMF

Box 1 and Table 7 outline the proposed actions and measures to address them. These are:

Box 1. Actions for Implementation of ESMF

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Service providers (SPs, CBOs, NGOs extension workers), will work with communities to identify and fill out sub-project applications/proposals by conducting environmental and social analysis. This will be done by using the screening checklist in the ESMF, the table on potential environmental and social impacts and mitigation measures, as well as the resources sheets.

The application for the sub-projects will clearly state the environmental and social mitigation measures. If a sub-project requires a separate EA/EMP for specific mitigation measures, then the sub-project application will also have an EA/EMP along with it.

All these are sent to the review and vetting committee under the KAPAP-RSU/CAC/CCC at the local level, which will have environmental and social expertise (e.g. DEOs, OACs.). Once review is complete, the reviewers will sign off and forward to the approval committee –KAPAP Secretariat.

At the national level, the KAPAP Secretariat will provide lead coordination and ensure that the results meet the targets set by the project.

Day-to-day coordination of project activities will be handled by the RSUs//CCCs and the KAPAP-SecretariatThe RSUs//CCCs will link up with County and district development and environment committees and officers (PDO, DDO, PEO, DEO, and DSDO) in order to implement broader program activities.

At the end of the phase environmental and social progress report will be prepared under KS coordination. This audit report will be shared with, KAPAP Secretariat, KARI, the World Bank and other relevant government agencies. The KAPAP Secretariat will regularly brief the KAPAP Steering Committee who will in turn sensitize the Inter- Ministerial Coordination Committee (ICC).

Consultancy inputs will assist in the training of key staff and the transfer of essential technical expertise in such areas as Integrated Pest Management, best management practices and best management technologies.

Table 7. Issues Addressed by ESMFIssue Mainstreaming of

Mitigation MeasuresResponsibility for Action Timeline for Action

1. Requirements for mainstreamingof the ESMF

Appoint RSUsAnnual environmental and social progress report.

KAPAP SecretariatIndependent consultant

year 1; Reporting annually

2. Weak capacity for environmentaland social management at district levels

Develop partnerships with.NGOs and SPs for environmental and social management;Stimulate the operation of VFF and DFF.

KAPAP Secretariat and RSUs/CCCs

RSUContract service providers

Year 1 and 2

3. Opportunity to contribute topositive impact on natural resource management

a. Assign sufficient budget forsupport to program activities

KAPAP Secretariat Year 1

4. Mainstreaming WB safeguardpolicies in the operational areas

a. Provide sufficient training andsupport to OACs to understand and apply WB safeguard

policies

KAPAP Secretariat All years

5. Requirements for land tenurestrengthening, and promoting decentralized governance

a. Engage community leadersand community associations, farmer fora and stimulate

thinking towards appropriate models for relation of communities with government

KAPAP Secretariat All years

6. Cumulative impacts of the project Carry out assessments of cumulative impacts on groundwater, surface water resources, pastoral resources and biodiversity.

Sensitize communities on the issues of cumulative impacts.

SPs Year 2 and 4 of project implementation

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7. Optimum integration of technicaladvice with a demand-driven, participatory approach

Sensitize communities to the range of technical advice available, and their responsibility to choose which technical advice they require.

RSUs/CCCsExtension Agents SPs

All years

8. Need to provide advice onrelevant environmental laws to communities

Provide information on relevant environmental laws to communities

KAPAP Secretariat and RSUs/CCCs

All years

9. Opportunities for positiveenvironmental sub-projects

Develop potential list of positive environmental sub- projects and raise awareness of communities on the sub-projects.

KAPAP Secretariat and RSUs/CCCs

Extension Agents Communities

All years

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6.2 Flowchart for Reporting and AdviceThe proposed reporting lines and advisory and support mechanisms that will be used in the ESMF are depicted in Figure 1, while Box 2 provides the summary.

Box 2. Proposed Reporting Lines and Support Mechanisms for KAPAP/KACCAL Projects

Figure 1. Flowchart of Reporting and Advice

6.3 Screening for Sub-projects

This ESMF includes a screening process to assess the potential environmental and social impacts associated with sub-projects. The two projects will be integrated projects with the objective of assisting agricultural producers and other natural resource users increasingly adopt profitable, smart agriculture and environmentally-sound practices that would also mitigate on climate change. No major negative environmental issues are anticipated for the projects. The projects are also expected to produce net benefits in terms of natural resource management and conservation and, therefore, certain project activities may have environmental or social impacts that require mitigation. The purpose of the ESMF is to cover the unknowns. In addition to the World Bank’s OP 4.01 on Environmental Assessment, the Sub-Projects for the two projects have triggered OP 4.10 on Indigenous Peoples; OP 4.09 on Pest Management. This screening and review process will determine the potential environmental and social impacts of proposed sub-projects, and what are appropriate mitigation measures that need to be put in place. It will also ensure that sub-projects that may have potentially significant impacts will be studied in greater detail. The need for sub-project specific EAs will also be identified by this screening and review process. The RSUs and their teams (environmental committees, SPs, CBOs and NGOs) will work with

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OACs and Contract Service Providers (SPs) will work with communities to provide guidance and advice on potential environmental and social sub-projects, potential negative environmental impacts and appropriate mitigation measures;

In turn RSUs/CCCs and SPs will receive technical advice and support from KAPAP-SC. An independent team will prepare an annual environmental and social progress report and advise KAPAP Secretariat and RSUs/CCCs. This audit report will be shared with stakeholders’ e. g KAPAP-Secretariat, NEMA, KARI, WB and other relevant government agencies.

communities in preparing sub-project applications to avoid or minimize adverse environmental and social impacts. They will use a checklist (Format 6.1) together with information on typical project impacts and mitigation measures. The checklist contains a certification by the community and extension team that the application includes all measures required to avoid or minimize adverse environmental and social impacts. The sub-projects will be given an environmental rating. This ESMF has included a suggested format for EA in case the need arises where a sub-project which has greater environmental risks (however, Category A sub-projects will not be financed by KAPAP/KACCAL). The RSUs will be responsible for ensuring that the environmental and social impacts screening and review system set out in this Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) is integrated into the sub-projects cycles.

In order to ensure proper implementation of environmental and social screening, and mitigation measures, the projects will undertake an intensive program of environmental training and institutional capacity building. Environmental training and sensitization will be required at all levels including community workers, VFFs, DFFs, KAPAP-SC; CCCs; and RSUs. The KAPAP Secretariat, RSUs, CCCs, SPs and additional experts will provide a diverse range of technical training on environmental issues to these groups. The screening criteria outlined in this ESMF includes relevant questions which will help determine if any other safeguard policies are triggered and the measures needed to mitigate impacts. This will ensure that sub-projects that may have potentially significant impacts and require more detailed study receive national level approval as well as district level approval. Where an EA has to be carried out, this will be done by a NEMA registered EA expert. Figure 2 depicts the process that the RSUs and the extension team (SPs, CBOs and NGOs) will apply in working with the communities to avoid or mitigate negative environmental impacts for community sub-projects. The proposed sub-projects will subsequently be checked against the screening checklist (Format 6.1). RSUs and SPs will encourage communities to carry out this task themselves possibly with the help of the facilitators, extension agents, health workers or other literate members of the community. The checklist is a simple yes/no form culminating in whether specific advice to the community on environmental mitigation is required. SPs will give this advice, or in special cases, will call upon the DEOs for specific technical advice. The Screening forms will be reviewed quarterly at KAPAP-SC meetings. Communities will identify sub-projects with the assistance of the extension teams (SPs, CBOs and NGOs); CCCs and RSUs.

Figure 2. Process of Screening for Community Sub-projects

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Form 6.1. Baseline information on the development of ESMP for the proposed KAPAP and KACCAL Sub-projects (Screening Checklist)

ESM Sub-projects Screening Checklist (Revised June 2012)

(Sub-projects screening process by benefitting communities/Agencies)

Section A: Background information

Name of district……………………………

Name of RSU//CCCs/Monitoring Officer/Researcher …..

Sub-project location……………………………..

Name of CBO/Institution…………………………………………..

Postal Address:……………………………………………….

Contact Person………………………Cellphone:………………

Sub-project name………………………………………………

Estimated cost (KShs.)……………………………………

Approximate size of land area available for the sub-project………

Objectives of the sub project……………………………………………………

Activities/enterprises undertaken…………………………………

How was the sub-project chosen? .................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... ....................................

Expected sub project duration:……………………………………

Section B: Environmental Issues

Will the sub-project: Yes No

Create a risk of increased soil erosion?

Create a risk of increased deforestation?

Create a risk of increasing any other soil degradation soil degradation?

Affect soil salinity and alkalinity?

Divert the water resource from its natural course/location?

Cause pollution of aquatic ecosystems by sedimentation and agro-chemicals, oil spillage, effluents, etc?

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Introduce exotic plants or animals?

Involve drainage of wetlands or other permanently flooded areas?

Cause poor water drainage and increase the risk of water-related diseases such as malaria?

Reduce the quantity of water for the downstream users?

Result in the lowering of groundwater level or depletion of groundwater?

Create waste that could adversely affect local soils, vegetation, rivers and streams or groundwater?

Reduce various types of livestock production?

Affect any watershed?

Focus on Biomass/Bio-fuel energy generation?

If the answers to any of the above is ‘yes’, please include an EMP with sub-project application.

Section C: Socio-economic Issues

Will the sub-project: Yes No

Displace people from their current settlement?

Interfere with the normal health and safety of the worker/employee?

Reduce the employment opportunities for the surrounding communities?

Reduce settlement (no further area allocated to settlements)?

Reduce income for the local communities?

Increase insecurity due to introduction of the project?

Increase exposure of the community to HIV/AIDS?

Induce conflict?

Have machinery and/or equipment installed for value addition?

Introduce new practices and habits?

Lead to child delinquency (school drop-outs, child abuse, child labour, etc?

Lead to gender disparity?

Lead to poor diets?

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Lead to social evils (drug abuse, excessive alcohol consumption, crime, etc)?

Section D: Natural Habitats

Will the sub-project:

Be located within or near environmentally sensitive areas (e.g. intact natural forests, mangroves, wetlands) or threatened species?

Adversely affect environmentally sensitive areas or critical habitats – wetlands, woodlots, natural forests, rivers, etc)?

Affect the indigenous biodiversity (Flora and fauna)?

Cause any loss or degradation of any natural habitats, either directly (through project works) or indirectly?

Affect the aesthetic quality of the landscape?

Reduce people’s access to the pasture, water, public services or other resources that they depend on?

Increase human-wildlife conflicts?

Use irrigation system in its implementation?

If the answers to any of the above is ‘yes’, the project may not be considered for KAPAP/KACCAL financing.

Section E: Pesticides and Agricultural Chemicals

Will the sub-project:

Involve the use of pesticides or other agricultural chemicals, or increase existing use?

Cause contamination of watercourses by chemicals and pesticides?

Cause contamination of soil by agroche micals and pesticides?

Experience effluent and/or emissions discharge?

Export produce? Involve annual inspections of the producers and unannounced inspections?

Require scheduled chemical applications?

Require chemical application even to areas distant away from the focus?

Require chemical application to be done by vulnerable group (pregnant mothers, chemically allergic persons, elderly, etc)?

If the answer to the above is ‘yes’, please consult the IPM that has been prepared for the project.

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Section F: Indigenous Peoples

Are there:

Indigenous peoples living within the boundaries of, or near the project?

Members of these indigenous peoples in the area who could benefit from the project?

Indigenous peoples livelihoods to be affected by the sub project?

If the answer to any of the above is ‘yes’, please consult the IPPF that has been prepared for the project.

Section G: Land Acquisition and Access to Resources

Will the sub-project: Yes No

Require that land (public or private) be acquired (temporarily or permanently) for its development?

Use land that is currently occupied or regularly used for productive purposes (e.g. gardening, farming, pasture, fishing locations, forests)

Displace individuals, families or businesses?

Result in temporary or permanent loss of crops, fruit trees and pasture land?

Adversely affect small communal cultural property such as funeral and burial sites, or sacred groves?

Result in involuntary restriction of access by people to legally designated parks and protected areas?

Be on monoculture cropping?

If the answer to any of the above is ‘yes’, the project may not be considered for KAPAP/KACCAL financing.

.

Section H: Proposed action

(i) Summarize the above: (ii) Guidance

All the above answers are ‘No’

There is at least one ‘Yes’

If all the above answers are ‘No’, there is no need for further action;

If there is at least one ‘Yes’, please describe your recommended course of action (see below).

(iii) Recommended Course of Action

If there is at least one ‘Yes’, which course of action do you recommend?

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RSUs and DEOs will provide detailed guidance on mitigation measures as outlined in the ESMF; and

Specific advice is required from DEOs, Lead Scientist and RSUs regarding sub-project specific EA(s) and also in the following area(s)

[Type here]

All sub-project applications/proposals MUST include a completed ESMF checklist. The KAPAP-RSU and DEC will review the sub-project applications/proposals and the DEOs will sign off;

The proposals will then be submitted to KAPAP-Secretariat for clearance for implementation through RSUs for community-based subprojects or Principal Investigator in case of Competitive research grants.

Expert Advice

The Government of Kenya through the Department of Monuments and Sites of the National Museums of Kenya can assist in identifying and, mapping of monuments and archaeological sites; and

Sub-project specific EAs, if recommended, must be carried out by experts registered with NEMA and be followed by monitoring and review. During the process of conducting an EA the proponent shall seek views of persons who may be affected by the sub-project. The WB policy set out in OP 4.01 requires consultation of sub-project affected groups and disclosure of EA’s conclusions. In seeking views of the public after the approval of the sub-project, the proponent shall avail the draft EA report at a public place accessible to project-affected groups and local NGOs.

Completed by: [type here]

Name: [type here]

Position / Community: [type here]

Date: [type here]

Field Appraisal Officer (DEO): [type here]

Signature: [ ]

Date: [type here]

Note:

KAPAP/ KACCAL Eligibility?

Project category

Characteristics

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No.Ineligible for financing.

A Full and extensive EIA needed- irreversible environmental impacts; impacts not easy to pick or isolate and mitigation cost expensive; EMP design not easily done; Must have the EIA done and future annual EAs instituted

Yes.Eligible for financing (pending implementation of appropriate mitigation measures)

B Site specific environmental impacts envisaged; mitigation measures easy to pick, not costly and EMP design readily done; need an EIA and future EAs

C Have minimal or occasionally NO adverse environmental impacts; exempted from further environmental processes save environmental audits

Figure 3: Rationale for the Design of Screening Checklist

There will be many sub-projects supported by the two projects. Therefore, a system that is streamlined is required, and as far as possible, communities must be responsible for completion of screening;

In most cases, communities will have very little knowledge of environmental and social screening, hence the need for SPs Consortia, CBOs, NGOs, DTTs, DEOs and extension workers assistance in using the screening forms;

The screening prompts a list of yes/no answers in relation to questions on the location of the sub-project and the anticipated impacts; if there are ‘yes’ answers to any of these questions, then the RSUs, , CCCs, SPs, DEOs and extension workers are obliged to recommend a course of action;

This action can be for the community itself to manage or avoid impacts; RSUs, CCCs, DEOs and SPs, CBOs and NGOs to provide specific advice; or if necessary, technical advice can be sought from elsewhere;

Sub-project specific EAs, if recommended, can only be carried out by a NEMA registered EA Expert;

The forms will be reviewed by the KAPAP-RSU, signed off by DEOs and approved at the quarterly KAPAP-SC meetings before operations begin.

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6.4 Annual Environmental and Social Audit Report Format

The format for completion of the annual environmental and social progress report is set out in Box 3 below. The objectives of annual reviews of ESMF implementation are: (a) to assess the project performance in complying with ESMF procedures, learn lessons, and improve future performance; (b) assess the occurrence of, and potential for, cumulative impacts due to project funded activities. These reports will be the main source of information for the World Bank supervision missions and national environmental management authority when needed.

Box 3 Annual Environmental and Social Progress Report Format

1. Introduction;

2. Acronyms

3. Objective;

4. Community sub-projects approved;

5. Key environmental and social issues identified from sub-project screening;

6. Mitigation actions undertaken;

7. Capacity building programs implemented (training sessions held, venues, attendance and training modules);

8. Results of EAs and other required safeguard management plans (e.g., EMP, RAP, PMP, and IPP);

9. Collaboration with NGOs, SPs, and Government line agencies;

10. Conclusions (Is KAPAP and KACCAL contributing to sustainable land use and community development) Explain;

11. Lessons learnt; and

12. Recommendations that can be implemented for sub-projects that will be implemented the following year.

13. Annexes

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6.5 Description of Roles and Responsibility in the KAPAP Structure

The roles proposed under this ESMF are summarized as follows:

The KAPAP Steering Committee (KAPAP-SC) will provide lead coordination at the national level and ensure that the results meet the targets set by the project;

The functional responsibility for project implementation will be carried out by a multi-sectoral technical unit, KAPAP-Secretariat;

The RSUs/CCCs will handle day-to-day coordination of project activities at the districts;

The extension teams (SPs, CBOs and NGOs) and /CCCs /RSUs will be responsible for ensuring that the environmental and social screening and review systems set out in this chapter are integrated into the sub-projects cycle and that it is implemented; Sensitization of VFFs, DFFs, SPs to environmental and social issues will be a significant part of ensuring this integration, as will partnerships with government officers associated with the project;

The RSUs /CCCs will draw on the technical advice of government officers in other departments, DEOs, SPs, CBOs and NGOs or upon traditional technical knowledge particularly of natural resource management, land tenure practices, livestock management and the use of indigenous plant and animal resources;

The DEOs will provide backstopping technical advice in environmental and social screening of sub-projects and sign off sub-project proposals and applications before they are submitted to KAPAP –Secretariat for approval;

The RSUs/CCCs will coordinate inputs from VFFs, DFFs, SPs, CBOs, NGOs, DEOs, KAPAP-RSU and provide the key link between the District sub-projects and KAPAP-Secretariat;

The implementation of the IPP and the communication between the projects and the identified vulnerable and marginalized groups will be governed by an IPP steering committee, which should meet once a year. The IPP steering committee will consist of a KAPAP /KACCAL Officer and representatives from the ministries of agriculture, livestock and fisheries development, water and irrigation, environment and natural resources, lands, home affairs, planning and national development, education/gender/sports/culture and social affairs, special programmes, tourism, Forestry and wildlife, justice, and the offices of the president, and Kenya national commission for human rights and an Officer from the Kenya National Federation of Agricultural Producers (KENFAP). In addition the following will be members of the IPP steering Committee: one representative from each of the 3 districts (Nakuru, Trans Nzoia and West Pokot) in which any of the two projects interacts with indigenous peoples, 2 representatives from the IPOs (one for each group).

At district level, a district IPP-committee will link up with the Officials of the two projects: KAPAP and KACCAL and the indigenous peoples and the district administration. It will meet twice a year and work as focal point for all IPP related issues at district level. It will be informed about all kinds of project activities and communicate relevant information through the vulnerable and marginalized groups’ representatives to the indigenous peoples’ communities. It will also gather information and feedback from the VMGs communities to channel them to the relevant governmental structures, the KAPAP Steering committee and/or the KAPAP Secretariat. It will consist of the RSU Coordinator, CAC, CCC and representatives from the District departmental heads of agriculture, livestock, forestry, lands, security (police), and social affairs, KENFAP and 10 elected representatives from the indigenous peoples’ communities.

An independent team will prepare an end phase social and environmental audit report for submission to KAPAP-RSU and KACCAL-CCC, KAPAP-Secretariat and the KAPAP-Steering Committee. This audit report will be shared with KARI, NEMA, the World Bank and other relevant government and non-Governmental agencies.

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6.6 Monitoring and Evaluation Two strategies are used to build a simple system for monitoring of environmental and social impacts:

1. The KAPAP-Secretariat, RSUs/CCCs, DEOs and other stakeholders will consider the environmental and social criteria that require measurement (e.g. sediment levels). A list of initial proposals is given below; and

2. Using this list of criteria, a set of indicators will be integrated into recording forms to be used in a participatory approach to environmental monitoring and evaluation.

6.6.1 Initial Proposals

The key issues to be considered in the KAPAP and KACCAL include monitoring of water quality, biodiversity, soil fertility, agricultural production, income generation, vegetative cover, cultivated area in which SLM practices and technologies have been adopted, level of adoption to climate change mitigation measures, level of adoption to ‘smart agriculture’ and population dynamics. The goals of monitoring will be to measure the success rate of the projects, determine whether interventions have resulted in dealing with negative impacts, and whether further interventions are needed or monitoring is to be extended in some areas. Monitoring indicators will very much be dependent on specific project contexts.

Monitoring and surveillance of the sub-projects of the two projects will take place on a “sample” basis as it would be impossible to monitor all the sub-projects. It is not recommended to collect large amounts of data, but rather to base monitoring on observations by project officers and stakeholders to determine trends of the indicators.

6.6.2 Monitoring of the Participation Process

The following are selected indicators for monitoring the participation process involved in the activities of the two projects:

Number and percentage of affected households consulted during the planning stage;

Number of households participating in implementation of micro-projects

Levels of decision-making of affected people;

Levels of understanding of sub-projects impacts and mitigation;

Effectiveness of local authorities to make decisions;

Frequency and quality of meetings; and

Degree of involvement of women or disadvantaged groups in discussions.

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6.6.3 Monitoring Indicators

Table 8: Indicators for Environmental monitoring the two projects

Environmental Indicator

Methods Responsibility Frequency

Water quantity River gauging station records Extension teams(SPs, CBOs, NGOs)

Dailycontinuous recording

Water quality Sample collection and analyses Extension teams(SPs, CBOs, NGOs)

Quarterly

Water table level Borehole depth records Extension teams(SPs, CBOs, NGOs)

Monthly

Sediment load Sediment analysis Extension teams(SPs, CBOs, NGOs)

Quarterly

Soil organic content Organic content determination Extension teams(SPs, CBOs, NGOs)

Once/year

Soil salinity Salinity measurement Extension teams(SPs, CBOs, NGOs

Once/year

Deforestation/de-vegetation

Vegetation cover determination SPs Once/year

Biodiversity richness

Floral and faunal compositionsurveys

SPs Once/year

Size of wetlands Visual observation andmeasurements of wetland size/

SPs Once/year

Wildlife species Census of animals, reports frominhabitants

SPs Once/year

Weed infestation Field observation, questionnairesurvey

Extension teams(SPs, CBOs, NGOs)

Once/year

Migratory pests Field observation, questionnairesurvey

Extension teams(SPs, CBOs, NGOs)

Once/year

Water-related disease vectors

Vector catches andidentification

SPS Twice/year

Table 9: Indicators for Social Monitoring of the two projects

Social Indicator Methods Responsibility FrequencyDemography Census of inhabitants Extension teams (SPs,

CBOs, NGOs)Once/year

No. of farmers trained on environmental issues in the district

Training records SPs Once/year

% of community in planning meetings

Planning meetings records

Extension teams (SPs, CBOs, NGOs)

Once/year

Number of sub project a funded Project records RSUs, CCCs KAPAP- Secretariat

Once /year

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Number of sub projects implemented

Field survey RSUs//CCCs and SPs Quarterly

% of communities adopting environmental conservation measure

Field survey Extension teams (SPs, CBOs, NGOs)

Once/year

Relative increase in income from crops and livestock

Household survey Extension teams (SPs, CBOs, NGOs)

Once/year

Vulnerable groups involved in identified alternative livelihood practices

Household survey Extension teams (SPs, CBOs, NGOs)

Once/year

Number of training sessions held on use of fertilizers and chemicals and IPM

Training records RSUs//CCCs Monthly

Number of social categories represented in the training sessions

Training records RSUs//CCCs Monthly

Number of indigenous people attending the trainings

Training records RSUs//CCCs Monthly

Number of trained staff from KAPAP and KACCAL, relevant governmental structures and Ministries and IPOs on IPP approaches

Training records KAPAPKACCAL IPOs

Annually

% of beneficiaries of IPP training able to implement the IPP

Field survey KAPAP, and , KACCAL

Once/year

Number of participatory impact monitoring (PIM) activities carried out at district level.

Project records KAPAP-SC and RSUs, , CCCs

Twice/year

% of VMG settlements implementing income generating activities initiated by KAPAP, and, KACCAL

Project records KAPAP, and, KACCAL,, IPOs

Twice/year

% of IP settlements where at least one development activity has been implemented

Project records KAPAP, and KACCAL

Twice/year

Number of justified VMG complains about social discrimination, etc.

Project records RSUs, , CCCs, IPOs, SPs

Quarterly

Number of community members with a general understanding of environmental issues and management strategies

Sensitization meetings records

RSUs, , CCCs Twice/year

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7.0 ESMF BUDGETEnvironmental Safeguard Activities Counts

Unit Quantities  

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

Total

Sensitization on ESMF/IPMF/IPPF beneficiary

Workshops 3 3 2 3 0     11

Capacity building in Environmental and Social Safeguards (implementing Agencies/ Beneficiary)

course 5 3 2 2 -     12

Screening of Sub projects Meetings: national/regional

0 10 11 20 0     41

Review of the community EIAs/EAs

Field visits/meetings

    2 2 2 2 - 8

Capacity building for IPP Workshops   1 2 4       7

M&E by ASPSC Members Field visits/meetings

  2 2 2 2 2 2 12

Sector-wide strategic ESIA Consultancy - lumpsum

- - 1 - - - - 1

Environmental Monitoring of sub-projects

Lumpsum 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7

Environmental Audit Lumpsum - 1 - 1 - - - 2

Costs by Type of Activity

Base Cost ('000 KES)

Unit 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Total

Sentization on ESMF/IPMF/IPPF beneficiary

Workshops 10500 10500 7000 10500 0 0 0 38500

Capacity building in Environmental and Social Safeguards (implementing Agencies/Beneficiary)

course 3750 2250 1500 1500 0 0 0 9000

Screening of Sub meetings 0 2500 2750 5000 0 0 0 10250

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projects (national/ regional)

Review of the community EIAs/EAs

field visits/meetings

0 0 2000 2000 2000 2000 0 8000

Capacity building for IPP

Workshops 0 4000 8000 16000 0 0 0 28000

M&E by ASPSC Members

field visits/ meetings

0 6000 6000 6000 6000 6000 6000 36000

Sector-wide strategic ESIA

consultancy - lumpsum

0 0 20000 0 0 0 0 20000

Environmental Monitoring of sub-projects

lumpsum 1600 1600 1600 1600 1600 1600 1600 11200

Environmental Audit lumpsum 0 6000 0 6000 0 0 0 12000

Grand Total 15,850

32,850

48,850

48,600 9,600 9,600 7,600 172,950

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8.0 CAPACITY BUILDING AND TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

8.1 Environmental trainings and sensitization

In order to ensure proper implementation of environmental and social screening, and mitigation measures, as well as effective natural resource management, the two projects will undertake an intensive program of environmental training and institutional capacity building. The objective of the training under the ESMF is to:

Support representatives and leaders of community groups and associations to prioritize their needs, and to identify, prepare, implement and manage the environmental and social aspects of their sub-projects;

Support local NGOs and other service providers to act as extension teams to provide technical support (including basic EMPs, RAPs, IPDP, and PMPs) to target communities in preparing their sub-projects; and

Ensure that local government officials have the capacity to assist communities in preparing their sub-project proposals, and to appraise, approve and supervise implementation of sub-projects.

The type of training to be offered includes:

i. Awareness-raising for sub project implementation - participants need to appreciate the significance or relevance of environmental and social issues; sensitization of participants who need to be familiar enough with issues that they can make informed and specific requests for technical assistance; and

ii. Detailed technical training for participants who will need to analyze potentially adverse environmental and social impacts, to prescribe mitigation approaches and measures, and to prepare and supervise the implementation of management plans. This training will address such matters as community participation methods; environmental analysis using the ESMF checklist; preparing EMPs, PMPs, IPDPs, etc.; ESMF reporting; and sub-project supervision and monitoring.

8.2 Levels of Training and sensitization

Environmental training and sensitization will be required at four levels:

(i) Community level (farmers, community leaders, workers and indigenous peoples); (ii) Service providers (CBOs, NGO, extension workers and indigenous peoples Organizations

[IPOs]); (iii) Review level Policy level, (KAPAP-RSU), and KACCAL-CCC, DEOs, indigenous peoples

organizations and other environment/social officers); and (iv) Clearance providers (KAPAP-Secretariat and KAPAP-SC). (v) In addition to the above training, specialized/technical training on topics such as IPM, EMP will

be provided as required. Table 9 outlines the specific training requirements of these levels.

Level I. Community level

This level includes the communities themselves – farmers, community leaders, workers and indigenous peoples. They will need the first level of awareness training on linkages between environmental, social and natural resource management and sustainable livelihoods. Training will be conducted at village level through workshops, on farm demonstrations, exchange visits of farmers to see practices by themselves and publications aimed at the farmer. Some of the topics identified for training are potential localized impacts of sub-projects and suitable mitigation measures; use of ESMF and its procedures; and potential environmental and social sub-projects.

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The communities will also be sensitized on available natural resource and management including empowering the farmers to develop and implement community action plans for soil and water conservation, tree nursery establishment and integrated pest management. Other topics will include: conservation and utilization of biodiversity, alternative livelihoods (ecotourism, bee keeping, medicinal plants, farm woodlots, fisheries, emerging livestock), and environmental policies. Indigenous Peoples will be provided with technical capacities to participate actively in sustainable land and natural resource management. Training curricula for the specific needs of the IP will be elaborated or updated. Training materials in indigenous languages will also be developed. Opinion leaders within the communities will be targeted in the trainings to ensure the widespread adoption of practices as well as understanding of policies. Opinion leaders form an important source of information to the community who often turn to them for interpretation of policies and seek their opinion in important matters and trust them to articulate issues on their behalf.

Level II. Service Providers/CBOs/NGOs, extension workers, Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups’ organizations

The service providers (SPs, CBOs, NGOs and IPOs) and extension workers will assist the communities to formulate sub - project proposals and fill out sub-project applications. They will be made aware of the Environmental Management and Coordination Act of 1999 and other relevant environmental policies. The service providers will also need detailed training on potential localized impacts of sub-projects and suitable mitigation measures. They will require thorough training on the use of the ESMF, its procedures, resources and sub-project screening. In addition, they will be trained on methods of community involvement. Training on methodology, quantitative research and database management in participatory impact monitoring (PIM) will be carried out. IPOs will be assisted in capacity building to reduce the loss of traditional knowledge, culture and livelihood patterns In addition training will be provided to increase organizational, technical and financial capacities of IPOs.

Staff from KAPAP-Secretariat, the relevant governmental structures and ministries including Indigenous Peoples Organisations (IPOs) will receive training on the implementation of IPP. Capacity building of NGOs and CBOs will be done at the catchment level. Building these capacities will reduce dependence on the government extension agents and provide more sustainable provision of agricultural services.

The trainers will be sourced from the research institutes and universities having comparative advantage within each district. Training could be organized in KARI centers and /or at other government institutions at the district level.

Level III. Review authorities

This level includes OACs, KAPAP-RSUs, KACCAL-CCCs, DEOs, IPOs and other environment/social officers. This group will review sub-project proposals and applications before they are submitted to KAPAP – Secretariat, for approval. This group will require in-depth training on environmental-social-natural resource-sustainable livelihood linkages, environmental legislation and policies, potential sub-project impacts and mitigation, use of ESMF, cumulative impacts, and intercommunity lesson-learning and review.

Level IV. Approval / vetting Authorities

This level includes the clearance providers or the approval level authorities. They include committees such as those under the RSUs, CCCs, KAPAP- Secretariat, and KAPAP-Steering Committee. The identified fields of training include awareness-raising on available natural resource management technologies, environmental policies and relevant legislation. Other issues include ESMF and its procedures, cumulative impacts, potential environmental and social sub-projects, and IPP. Training for this group will be done through consultative policy meetings, workshops and organized site visits.

The beneficiaries of the environmental and social training (Levels I-IV) in those areas with indigenous peoples will also receive training in intercultural communication and sensitization on the rights and the needs of indigenous peoples. It is important to emphasize that for each sub-project not only an environmental screening will be carried out, but also a social screening which prohibits any sub-project

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from receiving funding as long as the affected indigenous peoples are not in support of this specific sub-project.

8.3 Specialized /Technical Training

In addition to the above training, specialized/technical training will be offered as required on such topics as:

Land and water management Conflict management/ resolution Participatory integrated watershed management Agribusiness development and value chain management skill

Participatory integrated community development Integrated participatory community management IPM (ICIPE, ICRAF, KARI);

Pesticides/insecticides container management (someone from ICIPE or Crop Life International);

Small-scale animal/crop husbandry (Livestock and agriculture ministry); Small-scale aquaculture (ministry of fisheries);

Small scale agriculture and irrigation schemes (NIB and KARI)

8.4 Training requirements and curriculum

In order to ensure full environmental and social mainstreaming so that all the relevant issues are addressed to the maximum and in the most positive extent, the two projects will undertake a program of environmental and social capacity building aimed at KAPAP and KACCAL Personnel, implementers and stakeholders.

Training and awareness raising of various types will be required for personnel in the following institutions and groups of stakeholders of the two projects:

the KAPAP Secretariat;

the KAPAP Steering Group;

the members of the Extension, Research Task forces and of the National Farmers fora;

the KAPAP and KACCAL Coordinators in the RSUs ;

and potentially, stakeholders at all levels from Directors in the steering Committee, Permanent Secretaries in the Inter-Ministerial Steering Committee ICC)

to persons forming Common Interest Groups and Associations at the level of individual communities.

The projects’ Environmental and Social Focal Points will be the primary focus for more detailed training, at the on-set and mid-way through each of the projects: KAPAP and KACCAL. KAPAP Secretariat assisted as necessary by additional experts, will take responsibility for sensitization and awareness raising amongst KAPAP and /KACCAL institutions and stakeholders.

Table 10 sets out the capacity building requirements for these different groups.

An outline of the curriculum for the various training/capacity building activities is provided in Table 11.

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Table 10 Training /Capacity building requirements

Attribute level of training Environmental and Social focal points (KS, RSUs, CCCs

Other KS Staff, KAPAP /KACCAL Task Group, CF Secretariat staff/coordinators

ISC, DTTs, other District/County Officials/institutional stakeholders

Stakeholder groups at County, district level and below

Training to a level that allows trainees to go on to deliver sensitization/ awareness raising to others, and to manage environmental and social mainstreaming within KAPAP; and KACCAL processes

√ - - -

Sensitization, in which the participants become sufficiently familiar with the issues that they can take an active role in facilitating and shaping discussion on KAPAP and KACCAL outcomes, and then designing and implementing them at a strategic level (e.g. policy reforms, overall work plans, etc)

- √ - -

Sensitization, in which the participants become sufficiently familiar with the issues that they can contribute to discussion and decision-making on KAPAP, and KACCAL outcomes, and/or to implementation at District level (e.g. micro projects)

- - √ -

Awareness-raising, in which the participants appreciate the significance or relevance of the issues, and are able to take them into account when articulating their needs and expressing their views

- - - √

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Table 11. Proposed Environmental Training and Sensitization Program during Implementation of the Project.

Intended Audience Training Content Input days Frequency

Environmental and Social Focal Points (KS and RSUs, CCCs)

Introduction to environmental and social issues in agriculture integrating environmental and social considerations into identification and design of projects/activities

use of appropriate indicators and monitoring/evaluation techniques

environmental and social advocacy (within a consultative process)

environmental regulations/safeguards (Kenya and World Bank)

open session on specific technical issues as requested

train the trainers techniques

2 day workshop

Inception, and again at mid-term of Phase

Other KS staff, KAPAP Task Group, CF secretariat staff/coordinators

introduction to environmental and social issues in agriculture overview of integration of environmental and social considerations into identification and design of projects/activities policy and cross-sectoral issues environmental and social advocacy (within a consultative process)

1 day workshop

Inception, and again at mid-term of Phase

ISC, District officials, other institutional stakeholders

overview of environmental and social issues in agriculture

policy and cross-sectoral issues environmental and social advocacy (within a consultative process)

0.5 - 1day workshop

Inception phase

Stakeholder groups at district level and below

overview of environmental and social issues in agriculture

environmental and social advocacy (within a consultative process)

0.5 - 1day workshop

Inception, and again at mid-term of Phase

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9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL FOCAL POINT ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES Environmental and social focal points if established (though optional) will help in mainstreaming environmental and social issues in the two projects. This has been found necessary due to limited human capacity at the national and district level. Even where there is an officer available, he was found to be covering many districts and many departments. Environmental and social focal points should be identified in the following KAPAP /KACCAL institutions: the KAPAP Secretariat (KS); each of the two four national fora (Agribusiness, Extension, Research, and Farmer/Client Empowerment); and the Regional Service Units (RSUs, CCCs). The Roles and responsibilities for each are defined:

9.1 Environmental and Social Responsibilities of the KAPAP Secretariat

There should be deliberate effort made towards considering and integrating issues of natural resources, SLM, smart agriculture, climate change, and mitigation measures, agribusiness and how it relates to environmental concerns, environmental and social sustainability into KAPAP/ KACCAL processes and outcomes, in order to maximize the positive contribution that the two projects make to resource conservation, environmental sustainability, climate change agenda, SLM practices and technologies, smart agriculture, livelihoods security and social inclusion.

9.1.1 Responsibilities

Ensuring effective integration of environmental and social considerations(e.g. sustainable land management, resource conservation, integrated pest management, easy access to land and resources, and culturally appropriate benefits-sharing for marginalized and indigenous groups) into all aspects of identification, consultation, planning and implementation of activities of the two projects;

advising the Inter Ministerial Coordinating Committee (ICC), the KAPAP Steering Committee (KSC) National forum (NF) and the National Farmer for a (NFF) on the environmental and social implications of proposed policy reforms (where necessary by commissioning further activities [see below]);

Coordinating, and liaising with, KAPAP Regional Service Units; and KACCAL Climate Change Coordinators to ensure effective mainstreaming of climate change and mitigation measures, SLM, environmental and social issues into the implementation of projects’ activities, and facilitating lesson-learning and experience-sharing among districts;

ensuring that projects’-funded activities are consistent in their approaches to climate change and mitigation measures, SLM practices and technologies, environmental and social issues, thereby supporting full blending at the operational level;

Facilitating and informing discussions on SLM, climate change, smart agriculture, environmental and social issues in the ICC, KSC and consultative fora (the latter through liaison with and coordination of the fora secretariats - see fora secretariat roles and responsibilities, below);

managing the implementation of all training and awareness raising;

consolidating documented discussions of the separate fora into periodic reports on environmental and social mainstreaming within the two projects;

defining and managing further activities to support environmental and social mainstreaming into projects’ processes (e.g. further studies; capacity building) - these may include both support activities defined and budgeted within the SESA and components of

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broader technical support activities funded through KAPAP;

identifying suitable consultants/institutions to be used on technical support activities in relation to any of the above tasks, and overseeing their procurement and performance;

liaison with the Kenyan National Environmental Management Authority (NEMA) on a regular basis, and other key environmental and social stakeholders as agreed;

defining, and subsequently monitoring, suitable environmental and social indicators for the projects (including, in consultation with RSUs, and CCCs for individual-community micro projects);

providing environmental and social inputs to periodic projects’ monitoring, evaluation, and reporting activities; and

Supporting and contributing to subsequent formal analyses and reports on environmental and social aspects of the projects’ processes (e.g. strategic environmental assessment [SEA] of policy reforms; SESA of subsequent phases of KAPAP).

9.2 Environmental and Social Roles and Responsibilities of the Fora Secretariats

Within each of the national fora, a member will be appointed as Environmental and Social Focal Point. The overall roles and responsibilities for this person will cover a broad range of issues; they should include the following points in relation to environmental and social issues within KAPAP and KACCAL.

9.2.1 Roles

To facilitate effective discussions on issues of natural resources, climate change and mitigation measures, SLM practices and technology, food safety in agribusiness, environmental and social sustainability within the fora, so that the outcomes of the two projects on (policy reform, County and district interventions) respond to the issues at hand in order to maximize the positive contribution that the projects make to resource conservation, environmental sustainability, livelihoods security and social inclusion.

9.2.2 Responsibilities on environmental issues

Contributing to, and facilitating, the active involvement of SLM practices, climate change, environmental and social stakeholder representatives in the fora;

Ensuring the fora receive advice and information on the environmental and social implications of proposed national policies and micro projects in the districts; ensuring that the fora have full access to the results of further technical support activities, where necessary by providing additional explanation;

Facilitating full participation of all environmental and social stakeholders in the consultative process to ensure that outcomes reflect the opinions and aspirations of all interest groups, paying special attention to support to engagement by the representatives of marginalized and/or disadvantaged groups (e.g. Indigenous Peoples, HIV orphans, etc);

From discussions in the fora, identifying environmental and social needs and priorities (e.g. within the design and implementation of project activities; for training/awareness raising; or for technical support activities), and providing this information to the KS environmental and social focal point in a timely and systematic fashion;

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Documenting the environmental and social dimensions of forum discussions, and reporting these to the KS;

Supporting and contributing to other KAPAP and KACCAL environmental and social mainstreaming activities as appropriate.

9.3 Environmental and Social Roles and Responsibilities of the Regional Service Units, CCCs

The RSUs in charge of the project Counties and Districts will be staffed by one full-time KAPAP Coordinator. The overall roles and responsibilities for this person will cover a broad range of issues; they should include the following points in relation to environmental and social issues within KAPAP/ KACCAL.

9.3.1 Roles

To ensure full involvement of environmental and social stakeholders in all the projects’ consultative processes, and full integration of SLM, climate change mitigation measures, environmental and social considerations into the implementation of micro projects so that the projects’ outcomes will maximize a positive contribution to resource conservation, positive climate change mitigation, positive SLM practices, environmental sustainability, livelihoods security and social inclusion.

9.3.2 Responsibilities

Ensuring that both IDA-funded micro projects and GEF-funded initiatives are identified, planned and implemented in a strongly participatory manner and proceed in environmentally and socially sustainable manner;

Supporting and informing discussions of the fora at County level and below;

Liaising with the KAPAP Secretariat (KS) to facilitate lesson-learning and experience- sharing between districts;

Ensuring that similar lesson-learning and experience-sharing takes place among micro projects activities within the district;

Identifying and informing the KS of additional environmental and social requirements at district level (e.g. specific technical studies, capacity building);

Awareness-raising relating to the environmental, climate change, SLM and social objectives of the two projects - amongst district officials, within the District Environment Committee, and other stakeholders as required;

Contributing to KS monitoring and evaluation and reporting on climate change, SLM, environmental and social issues, as required;

In consultation with the KS defining, and subsequently monitoring, suitable environmental and social indicators for all projects’ micro projects .

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10.0 REFERENCES1. Alitsi E 2002: Important Environmental Treaties and Conventions Kenya is Signitory to. Kenya

NGO Earth Summit 2002 Forum. A report on civil society review of the implementation of agenda 21 in Kenya.

2. BirdLife International, 2003 Bird Life’s online World Bird Database: the site for bird conservation. Version 2.0. Cambridge, UK: BirdLife International. Available: http://www.birdlife.org (accessed 5/4/2005).

3. Central Bureau of Statistics, (2001). 1999 Population and Housing Census. Population Distribution by Administrative Areas and Urban Centres Vol. 1. Republic of Kenya Nairobi.

4. FURP, 1987. Fertiliser use recommendations, vol. 1-23. KARI, FURP, Nairobi

5. Gachimbi, L. N., Keulen, H. van, Thuranira, E.G., Karuku, A.M., Jager, A. de, Nguluu, S., Ikombo, B.M., Kinama, J.M., Itabari, J.K. and Nandwa, S. M. (2005) Nutrient balances at farm level in Machakos (Kenya), using a participatory nutrient monitoring (NUTMON) approach. Land Use Policy 22 pp. 13-22 6. Gachimbi, L.N., Jager, A. de, Keulen, H. van, Thuranira, E.G. and Nandwa, S.M. (2002) Participatory diagnosis of soil nutrient depletion in semi-arid areas of Kenya. Managing Africa’s Soils no. 26. London: International Institute for Environment and Development, London.

6. Jaetzold, R. and Schmidt ,H.(1983) Farm Management Handbook of Kenya. Vol.II/C: East Kenya. Natural Conditions and Farm Management Information. Nairobi: Ministry of Agriculture and German Agricultural Team(GTZ) 8. Wamukoya and Situma 2000.Environmental Management in Kenya . A guide to the environmental management Coordination Act 1999

7. Nandwa, S.M. Onduru, D.D. and Gachimbi, L.N.(2000). Soil fertility generation in Kenya. In: Hilhorst, T. and Muchena, F.M. (Eds.) 2000. Nutrients on the move - Soilfertility dynamics in African farming systems. International Institute for Environmentand Development, London.

8. Sengwer Indigenous Development Project (SIDP), 2002, Kenya.

9. Kai Schmidt-Soltau 2006 Indigenous Peoples Plan of the Kenya Agricultural Productivity - Sustainable Land Management Project Final Report December 2006

10. Jager de. A., H. Van Keulen, F. Maina, L.N. Gachimbi., J.K. Itabari, E. G. Thuraniraand A.M. Karuku. 2005. Attaining sustainable farm management systems in semi- arid areas in Kenya. A few technical options, many policy challenges Agricultural systems. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability Vol. 3. (3) 189-205.

11. Republic of Kenya (2004). Strategy for Revitalizing Agriculture 2004-2014. Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Development.

12. Republic of Kenya (2003). Economic Strategy for Employment and Wealth Creation. Government Printer.

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Annex 1.0 Initial Terms of Reference (TOR) for Kenya Agricultural Productivity Environmental and Social Management Framework (KAPAP), Kenya Adaptation to Climate Change in Arid and Semi-arid Lands (KACCAL) - ESMF) Introduction

The Government of Kenya has requested World Bank financing of the Kenya Agricultural Productivity and Agribusiness Project (KAPAP). This project corresponds with the fundamental features of the Government’s strategy for poverty alleviation as specified in the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) of 2003, the Economic

Recovery Strategy for Wealth and Employment Creation (ERS, 2003-2007). The project was designed to fund a number of small-scale, community-based sub-projects that were identified and planned by the communities, with the support of project-financed extension teams. The study is expected to produce an ESMF for the proposed KAPP Programme

Objectives

The objectives of the KAPAP ESMF are:

To establish clear procedures and methodologies for environmental and social planning, review, approval and implementation of sub-projects to be financed under the project;

To prescribe project arrangements for the preparation and implementation of sub-projects in order to adequately address World Bank safeguard issues;

To assess the potential environmental and social impacts of the sub-projects;

To propose mitigation measures which will effectively address identified negative impacts;

To specify appropriate roles and responsibilities, and outline the necessary reporting procedures for managing and monitoring environmental and social concerns related to sub-projects;

To determine the training, capacity building and technical assistance needed to successfully implement the provisions of the ESMF; and

To establish the project funding required to implement the ESMF requirements

Analysis

The analysis includes:

An assessment of the potential environmental and social impacts of KAPAP, taking into account the World Bank’s relevant safeguard policies as well as Kenya’s environmental policies, laws and regulations;

A review of various studies on social, economic and biophysical characteristics of the target districts covered by the project and identification of constraints that needs to be taken into account.

Ascertaining whether the project area contains any environmentally sensitive areas, cultural heritage and vulnerable groups that need to be taken into account during project preparation and implementation;

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Development of screening procedures (including checklists) that will be used as a mechanism in the ESMF for screening potential environmental and social impacts due to sub-project interventions;

Development of appropriate methods to promote an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach that will minimize the need for chemical pesticides during project interventions;

Review of national environmental policies, legislation, regulatory and administrative frameworks in conjunction with the World Bank’s safeguard policies, and formulation of recommendations in the context of the project as appropriate;

Review of the relevant conventions and protocols to which Kenya is a signatory;

Evaluation of the existing environmental and social assessment, and management capacity as well as capacity to implement mitigation measures, and formulation of appropriate recommendations, including the institutional structure and the responsible agencies for implementing the framework, a grievance mechanism and monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of potential impacts;

Evaluation of capacity building and training needs and their costs; and

Presentation of an outline on institutional arrangements for environmental management, including environmental assessment procedures and monitoring indicators, as appropriate under the project.

Principles and Methodology

The study will focus on the development of the ESMF instead of the Environmental and Social Assessment (ESA) because the precise details of the sub-projects in terms of location, materials required, key communities, etc. are not yet known. The ESMF is required to screen for and manage the potential environmental and social impacts of the KAPAP.

The ESMF Methodology will involve:

Review of previous reports, published and unpublished works on the environment of the study area;

Identification of gaps existing in the available information;

Field investigations;

Collation of baseline data on the environmental conditions of the project area;

Identification of positive and negative environmental and social impacts;

Identification of environmental and social mitigation measures;

Preparation of screening procedures to be used while screening sub-project proposals; and

Formulation of environmental and social monitoring plans.

The ESMF report will be organized as follows:

Executive summary

Acronyms and abbreviations Chapter 1 - Introduction

Chapter 2 - Description of the proposed programme

Chapter 3 - Safeguard screening procedures

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Chapter 4 - Baseline information Chapter 5 - Guidance on impacts

Chapter 6 - Reporting and responsibilities for the ESMF

Chapter 7 - Capacity building and training requirements/needs

Chapter 9 - Technical annexes

Annex 1 - Terms of Reference for ESMF Annex 2 - Referred Documents

Annex 3 – Field Trip Schedule Annex 4 - Stakeholders consulted

Annex 5 – ESMF Team

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Annex 2.0 Referred Documents 1. Project Appraisal Document (PAD) – KAPAPand KACCAL

2. The Project Implementation Plan (PIP) – KAPAP and KACCAL

3. Environmental And Social Management Framework ESMF).for Kenya Agricultural Productivity And Sustainable Land Management Project (KAPAPSLM). Feb. 2009

4. Internal Project Evaluation Reports

5. Household Baseline Survey Report

6. NASEP and its Implementation Framework

7. Farmers Grant Manual (FGM)

8. Inventory and Database of Extension Organizations in Kenya

9. Operational Manual for use by the Regional Service Units (RSUs)

10. Reports of the World Bank supervision missions (2006 and 2007)

11. KARI External Programme and Management Review Report

12. KARI Strategic Plan (2005-2015)

13. KARI Human Resource Strategy (2006)

14. ICT Strategy (2004-2008)

15. The Draft KARI Medium Term Plan IV

16. KARI Customer Satisfaction survey report and other relevant documents.

17. Vision 2030

18. National Agricultural Research System Policy

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Annex 3.0 Stakeholder Consultations DISCLOSURE CONSULTATION Platforms:

Date County Venue No. of participants

Frameworks

2nd October 2008 Taita Taveta 20 ESMF; IPPF; IPMF3RD October 2008 Kilifi 32 “6th October 2008 Nyeri 13 “7th October 2008 Meru Central 32 “9th October 2008 Nakuru St. Mary’s

Pastoral Institute25 “

8th October 2008 Embu East College 15 “13th October 2008 Homa Bay 71 “14th October 2008 Kakamega 13 “17th October 2008 Makueni DANIDA HALL 19 “16TH April 2009 Kilifi Georgias Hotel

Mtwapa36 “

25-26/4/2011 West Pokot Talau 80; 112 “27-28/4/2011 Trans Nzoia Kapolet 109; 170 “29-30/4/2011 Nakuru Nessuit 97; 138 “

Sengwer participation in Talau – West Pokot (Day 1 – 25/4/2011)

The four zones attended the meeting as follows:

1. Talau Talau 2. Chorok zone3. Kapsurum zone4. Chepkoti

Members

1. Abraham Kiprop Kiptum - Bee keeping/poultry -07252236782. Albert Bengi - KS -07223521233. Albert Koiyo - Bee keeping -07139085534. Andrew Malakwen - Bee keeping -5. Andrew Mochi - Bee keeping -6. Beatrice Powon - Poultry -07250257717. Benson K. Katon - Poultry -07172195858. Boniface P. O. Dimba -KAPAP RSU -07226580159. Charles K. Andiema - Poultry -071059778510. Charles Kimrwa - Poultry/Bee keeping -0717108116 11. Christine Moses - Poultry/Bee keeping -12. David K. Biwott - Poultry -075145798513. Dr. C. Ikitoo -KS -071193623714. Emmanuel Ngeiywa - Bee keeping -072534962915. Esther C. Katon - Poultry -0724554285

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16. Esther Obiero Ogamba - MOLD -072762506317. Eva Keter - Poultry & Bee keeping -072090106018. Evans C. Kibet - Bee keeping -072916184119. Everlyn Koskei - MOA -072198857920. Ezekiel Tanui Krop - Poultry -071615301521. Faith Chelee - Poultry -22. Florence Odweso - KAPAP Secretariat -072234748123. Francis Baiya -KS -072321962024. Francis Lumumba - KAPAP RSU WP -072714491425. Gladys Tanui - Poultry -072814493926. Grace Cheptoo Kipkoech- Soot Youth Group -072952537927. Hellen C. Lawrence - Bee keeping & Poultry -071984130928. Hellen Sigilai - Poultry -072881960429. Jackson Kiprop Chui - Poultry keeping -071479175130. Jackson Kubwai Kimboi - Bee keeping -027898931. Jackson Tanui - Poultry -072806869632. Jacob Kitiyo - Bee keeping -027847433. Jacob Korir - Poultry -34. Jacob M. Pchana - Bee keeping -071430436935. Jacqueline Kurgat - KAPAP RSU WP -072565839936. Jairus Rumon - Bee keeping -071285172537. James Kaptipin - Bee keeping -071032600838. Jane Ngugi -KS -072027788839. Jane Sirma - KENFAP -072378300140. John Kamarwy Kitiyo - Bee keeping/Poultry -0733115341. Johnson Powon - Bee keeping -072502577142. Joseph Rotich - Bee keeping/poultry -071689895543. Julius Muchemi - World Bank -072070360644. Kenneth Kipkeiyo - Poultry -070331278045. Kimagut Kumukony - Bee keeping -46. Kithome Kilaka - KS -073588490047. Lawrence K. Katon - Bee keeping -347388248. Lidya Ndege - Poultry -02789049. Loice Kamen Pkeme - Poultry -50. Lydia C. Koech - Soot Youth Group -51. Manases Cheruiyot - Bee keeping -071412623052. Martha C. Solomon - Poultry -071556551053. Michael Kiptoo - Improved Sheep -072404781354. Monica Chelee - Poultry -55. Moses Kinuthia -KS -073374852056. Moses Kirop - Bee keeping -072997618557. Moses Leleu Laima - Bee keeping -073780317158. Peter K. Mongot - Bee keeping -027891259. Pius Rotich Kukwai - Bee keeping -072978378460. Priscilla C. Kipketer - Bee keeping -071383886061. Restone Aoya - Bee keeping -072144168062. Richard Charito - KAPAP RSU WP -073240601163. Richard Simatwa - Poultry -659941964. Robert Korir - Poultry -070176891265. Rose Francis - Poultry -

71

66. Rotich K. Peter - KENFAP – ADCO -072424872067. Samwel Kaptipin - Poultry/Bee keeping -072621872668. Simon Peter Kiyodo - Poultry -071640373769. Solomon Kurgat - Poultry -072970664970. Stephen W. Mukuna - KAPAP RSU WP -073389866271. Tabitha Reuben -MOLD -072134230272. Thomas Kipgetunyo - Soot Youth group -071112323373. Timothy Korir - Soot Youth Group -071715600774. Veronica Chebet - Poultry -75. Viola Chepngetich - Soot Youth Group/Poultry -072486473276. Wakwabubi R.J. - MOLD -073366653877. William J. Odhiambo - MOLD -072364172778. Willy B, Kipkeiyo - Bee keeping -071111214979. Wilson Matelong - KAPAP RSU WP -072189865980. Wycliffe Amariati - KAPAP RSU WP -0721915804

Sengwer participation in Talau – West Pokot (Day 2 – 26/4/2011)

1. Abraham Kiprop Kiptum - Bee keeping/poultry -07252236782. Albert Bengi - KS -07223521233. Albert Koiyo - Bee keeping -07139085534. Alfred K. Kibet -Poultry -0726313025. Andrew Malakwen - Bee keeping -6. Andrew Mochi - Bee keeping -7. Beatrice C. Johnson -Poultry -8. Beatrice Powon - Poultry -07250257719. Benson K. Katon - Poultry -071721958510. Boniface P. O. Dimba -KAPAP RSU -072265801511. Charles K. Andiema - Poultry -071059778512. Charles Kimrwa - Poultry/Bee keeping -0717108116 13. Christine Moses - Poultry/Bee keeping -14. Cllr William Cheparko -Beekeeping -072868850915. Daniel Aker -Beekeeping -071791904716. David K. Biwott - Poultry -075145798517. David Kipkodor -Poultry -18. Dickson K. Rotich -Poultry -071440631519. Dr. C. Ikitoo -KS -071193623720. Eliud K. Cheruiyot -Poulrty -072762503321. Emily Chepkoech -Poulrty -22. Emmanuel Ngeiywa - Bee keeping -072534962923. Esther C. Katon - Poultry -072455428524. Esther Obiero Ogamba - MOLD -072762506325. Eva Keter - Poultry & Bee keeping -072090106026. Evans C. Kibet - Bee keeping -072916184127. Everline Kisa -Poultry -28. Everlyn Koskei - MOA -072198857929. Ezekiel Tanui Krop - Poultry -071615301530. Faith Chelee - Poultry -31. Flomena Chepkemei -Poultry - 32. Florence Odweso - KAPAP Secretariat -072234748133. Francis Baiya -KS -0723219620

72

34. Francis Lumumba - KAPAP RSU WP -072714491435. Gladys Tanui - Poultry -072814493936. Grace Cheptoo Kipkoech- Soot Youth Group -072952537937. Hellen C. Lawrence - Bee keeping & Poultry -071984130938. Hellen C. Nathan -Poultry -1608736839. Hellen Sigilai - Poultry -072881960440. Jackson K. Kimira -Beekeeping -41. Jackson Kiprop Chui - Poultry keeping -071479175142. Jackson Kubwai Kimboi - Bee keeping -027898943. Jackson Tanui - Poultry -072806869644. Jacob Kitiyo - Bee keeping -027847445. Jacob K. Kipkech -Poultry/Beekeeping -46. Jacob Korir - Poultry -47. Jacob M. Pchana - Bee keeping -071430436948. Jackline Kirui -KAPAP RSU -072565839949. Jackline Rotich -Poultry -50. Jacqueline Kurgat - KAPAP RSU WP -072565839951. Jairus Rumon - Bee keeping -071285172552. James Kaptipin - Bee keeping -071032600853. Jane Ngugi -KS -072027788854. Jane Sirma - KENFAP -072378300155. John Kamarwy Kitiyo - Bee keeping/Poultry -0733115356. Johnson Powon - Bee keeping -072502577157. Joseph Mwetich -Poultry -072817412958. Joseph Rotich - Bee keeping/poultry -071689895559. Julius Muchemi - World Bank -072070360660. Julius K. Yator -Poultry -071151377061. J. P. Cheruiyot -MOLD -072764068662. Kenneth Kipkeiyo - Poultry -070331278063. Kimagut Kumukony - Bee keeping -027911464. Kithome Kilaka - KS -073588490065. Kipkeiyo Kipterer -Poultry/Beekeeping -0703312780/073578470966. Lawrence K. Katon - Bee keeping -347388267. Lidya Ndege - Poultry -02789068. Lilian Chepkorir -Poultry -69. Loice Kamene Pkeme - Poultry -071032600870. Lydia C. Koech - Soot Youth Group -71. L. Wepukhulu -MOLD -072533822272. Manases Cheruiyot - Bee keeping -071412623073. Margaret Jacob -Poultry -74. Martha C. Solomon - Poultry -071556551075. Maurice K. Tanui -Beekeeping -027894176. Michael Kiptoo - Improved Sheep -072404781377. Monica Chelee - Poultry -78. Monica Pseswa -Poultry -79. Moses Kinuthia -KS -073374852080. Moses Kirop - Bee keeping -072997618581. Moses Leleu Laima - Bee keeping -073780317182. Muse S. Alfred -MOCD&M -072629612783. Nicholas Pkemei -Poultry -0752771013

73

84. Peter K. Mongot - Bee keeping -027891285. Pius Rotich Kukwai - Bee keeping -072978378486. Priscilla C. Kipketer - Bee keeping -071383886087. Restone Aoya - Bee keeping -072144168088. Richard Charito - KAPAP RSU WP -073240601189. Richard Simatwa - Poultry -659941990. Robert K. Kiplangat -Poultry -070176891291. Robert Korir - Poultry -070176891292. Rose Francis - Poultry -93. Rotich K. Peter - KENFAP – ADCO -072424872094. Samwel Kaptipin - Poultry/Bee keeping -072621872695. Simon Peter Kiyodo - Poultry -071640373796. Solomon Kurgat - Poultry -072970664997. Stephen W. Mukuna - KAPAP RSU WP -073389866298. Tabitha Reuben -MOLD -072134230299. Tecla Chepatipin -Poultry -100. Thomas Kipgetunyo - Soot Youth group -0711123233101. Timothy Korir - Soot Youth Group -0717156007102. Titus Kuto -Beekeeping -23774093103. Veronica Chebet - Poultry -104. Viola Chepngetich - Soot Youth Group/Poultry -0724864732105. Vincent Ajeluma -Poultry -0724336812106. Wakwabubi R.J. - MOLD -0733666538107. William J. Odhiambo - MOLD -0723641727108. Willy B, Kipkeiyo - Bee keeping -0711112149109. Wilson Matelong - KAPAP RSU WP -0721898659110. Wycliffe Amariati - KAPAP RSU WP -0721915804111. Yator Kiptum -Sengwer VMPCC -0726806100

Zipporah Mose -Poultry -0713075453

Minutes for the meeting at TALAU – SENGWER SENSITIZATION WORKSHOP (25-26/4/2011)ATTENDANCE: Day 1: 75 Persons (25 women; 49 men)Day 2: 95 persons (30 women, 65 men)

Community Problem Ranking1.Poverty2.Poor leadership3.Discrimination4.Inadequate market channels5.Insecurity6.Assimilation7.Lack of electricity 8.Unemployment9.Gender inequality10. Information and communication11. Insufficient capital12. Insufficient water13. Insufficient unity14. Inadequate expertise

74

15. Environmental degradation16. Illiteracy17. Human diseases18. Infrastructure (Barabara)19. High infestation of livestock diseases

PRIORITY ENTERPRISESLocal poultryBee KeepingNote: But the communities still have a chance to refine their choice.

WAY FORWARD Elect contact committee Continue screening for the VMGs (Sengwer in West Pokot County) Areas where the V MGs are must be presented to the District Development Committee for

approval and inclusion as KAPAP project areas. Undertake social mapping and analysis then undertake an Enterprise Development Plan an

equivalent of IPP with the communities for funding

75

Kapolet – Sengwer Sensitization Workshop (27-28/4/2011)

ATTENDANCE: Day 1: 100 Persons (40 women;60 men)Day 2: 105 persons (45 women,60 men)

Community Problem Ranking1.Poverty2.Inadequate education amongst community members3.Lack of Title Deeds4.Poor farming practices5.Lack of health facilities6.Insecurity7.Lack of recognition 8.Unemployment9.Lack of credit facilities10. Lack of planning11. Insufficient technical knowledge12. Poor leadership13. Discrimination14. Environmental degradation15. Lack of market and market information for farm produce16. Poor infrastructure17. Lack of appropriate communication technologies18. Lack of unity amongst community members19. Greedness (tamaa)20. Laziness

PRIORITY ENTERPRISESThe community still has a chance to refine their choice and go for two options amongst these value chains: Meats, Dairy, Aquaculture, Vegetables, Fruits, Cereals and NRM.

WAY FORWARD Conduct elections to get interim contact committee Continue screening for the VMGs (Sengwer and Ogieks of Trans Nzoia) Areas where the V MGs are must be presented to the District Development Committee for

approval and inclusion as KAPAP project areas. Undertake social mapping and analysis then undertake an Enterprise Development Plan an

equivalent of IPP with the communities for funding

76

EVENT PHOTOS West Pokot (TALAU) Sengwer participation– (25-26/4/2011)

77

Sengwer participation in Kapolet – Trans Nzoia East District (Day 1 – 27/4/2011)

No Name ID No. Name of Institution

Address Telephone/Cellphone Email:

1. Agnes Chebet 12815529

2. Alice Kemoi

3. Andrew Chepyano

4. Andrew Kuto Rotich

4090384

5. Annah Cheriot

6. Ansent Rono 11757205

7. Barnabas Mengich 0278335

8. Barnabas Ngesemwo

0245197

9. Benjamin Ruto 11280327

10. Benson Kipkorir 26740794 0750468893

11. Charles Abok

12. Charles K. Kiberen 3531931

13. Charles K. Kiprotich

14. Charles Kiptoo

15. Chepochemosoi Lokoutome

16. Chepokasaniak Kiptoo

26350318

17. Christine Chebet

18. Christine Chepkaitany

19. Daniel K. Kiptarit 4090751

20. Daniel K. Mengich 25405885

21. Daniel Kasikar 4093040

22. David Abokho 23807218

23. David Kibet Kipsagona

24. David Sirma 24362632

25. David Teber 669778

26. Dickson K. Korir 25888187

27. Difine Chemtai

28. Elizabeth Chematui

78

No Name ID No. Name of Institution

Address Telephone/Cellphone Email:

29. Elizabeth Cheruiyot 20264455

30. Elizabeth Jepkemoi 13324393

31. Emily Koroeny

32. Eunice Chepkoskei

33. Everline Lokamuria

34. Francis Katoma 1130561

35. Francis Wamalwa 193580052

36. Geoffrey Kiptalam Rutto

24482896 0712495668

37. Gladys Mengich

38. Haron Kipchumba Krop

39. Immanuel Amon 0588665

40. Isaac Kisangwilliam Kiprono Kiptoo

3530606

41. Jackson Parchur

42. Jacob Kibet 20503064

43. James Chebii

44. James Sitienei

45. Jane Kiplimo

46. Janet Cherutich

47. John Chelal 11062570

48. John K. Kibor 21206340

49. John K. Kiptanui 20260918

50. Joseph Cheruiyot 4090669

51. Joseph K. Kipchumba

7373438

52. Joseph Kibor

53. Joseph Kipkorir 12678676

54. Joseph Lekenei 201633133

55. Julia Cherop

56. Julius K. Kitai

79

No Name ID No. Name of Institution

Address Telephone/Cellphone Email:

57. Julius Korir

58. Julius Lokaumuria

59. Julius Sabatia 8345456

60. Kapchero Ngurianyony

4092779

61. Kimaiyo Komukony

62. Limalu

63. Limasia Chumarite

64. Loice Chepkemoi 8320725

65. Mary Chepking

66. Mary Daniel Kiptoo

67. Maurine Chepkemei

68. Milka Chepkorir

69. Mongot Mochi 0278626

70. Monica Kipchumba

71. Nancy ChesangDafine Chemtai

72. Ngolekou Lonyangiro

27066239

73. Nicholas Kiprotich 26677348

74. Paul Churi 8298983

75. Paul K. Sondet 8366534

76. Peter Kimutai Kiplangat

77. Peter Kipyatich

78. Peter Tanui

79. Phamice Chemtai

80. Phelistar Nakhanu

81. Philip Kiprop

82. Philip Mongot 9168613

83. Rabecah Sikuku

84. Richard Kemoi Sawe

23316957

80

No Name ID No. Name of Institution

Address Telephone/Cellphone Email:

85. Richard Koech 21167761

86. Robert R. Rotich 25015506

87. Ronald K. Kibowen 1110595

88. Rose C. Yego 9762872

89. Rosemary Cherono Kimengich

3534235

90. Salome Ambros

91. Sarah Kemboi

92. Serah Jelangat

93. Shadrack K. Korir 7444037

94. Simoni Pukomoe

95. Sitienei Kipsoi Stephen

9762929

96. Stela Nyaris

97. Stephen Sitienei 5530871

98. Susan Chemeshalong

99. Susan Njeri

100. Tereza Chepkemoi

101. Thomas Kimaiyo

102. Thomas Kimtai 26389106

103. Vincent Kitiyo 0715344074

104. Vincet Kiptoo Kipketer

7061378

105. William K. Kimibo 11280337

106. William P. Nyaris 7705947

107. Wilson Cheruyot 3531552

108. Wilson Kipyego

109. Yator Kiptum 8299896

Sengwer participation in Kapolet – Trans Nzoia East District (Day 2 – 28/4/2011)

No Name ID No. Name of Institution

Address Telephone/Cellphone

Email:

1. Agira E.O MoA Box 1433 Kitale 0726022674 agirae@yahoo.co

81

No Name ID No. Name of Institution

Address Telephone/Cellphone

Email:

m2. Agnes Chebet 12815529 Sengwer Box 98 Kapsara 07150501943. Alice

ChepkemoiSengwer Box 98 Kapasara

4. Alice Kemoi5. Andrew

Chepyano6. Andrew Kuto

Rotich4090384

7. Andrew Yano8. Aneflus Kibet9. Annah Cheriyot10. Ansent Rono 11757205 070039183511. Barnabas

Kapkundos8737625 0711152540

12. Barnabas Mengich

0278335 Sengwer DPC Member

Box 98 Kapsara 0725429508 mengich@yahoo.com

13. Barnabas Ngesemwo

0245197 Sengwer PSC Member

Box 98 Kapsara 0751799022; 0722217482

ngesemwo@yahoo.com

14. Benjamin Ruto 11280327 SCM Box 98 Kapsara 071626780415. Benson Kipkorir 26740794 075046569316. Benson Mgut

Chui23738626

17. Charles Abok18. Charles K.

Kiberen3531931 Sengwer DPC

MemberBox 98 Kapsara 0721977818 Kiberenc@yahoo

.com 19. Charles K.

KiprotichSengwer DPC Member

Box 98 Kapsara 0701510524

20. Charles Kiptoo21. Charles Koiwa 9763521 Sengwer22. Chepochemosoi

Lokoutome23. Chepokasaniak

Kiptoo26350318

24. Chesire Anadeta25. Christine

Chebet26. Christine

ChepkaitanySCM Box 98 Kapsara

27. Clementine Cherono

28. Dafine Chemtai29. Daniel K.

Kiptarit4090751

30. Daniel K. Mengich

25405885 SCM Box 98 Kapsara 0710732106

31. Daniel Kasikar 4093040 Box 98 Kapsara32. Daniel Kiptarit 409075133. David Abokho 2380721834. David Kibet

Kipsagona35. David Sirma 2436263236. David Teber 669778 072881419837. Dickson K. Korir 2588818738. Difine Chemtai39. Dinas Chelagat

82

No Name ID No. Name of Institution

Address Telephone/Cellphone

Email:

40. Elizabeth Chematui

12815541

41. Elizabeth Cheruiyot

20264455

42. Elizabeth Jepkemoi

13324393

43. Emas Remoi44. Emily C. Saisi 2087161445. Emily Koroeny 027900746. Emmanuel

AmonSengwer CM Box 98 Kapsara 07036900179

47. Emmanuel Kipkorir

48. Emmanuel Kiptoo

26674840

49. Eunice Chepkoskei

11757350

50. Evaline Chebowen

20717535

51. Evans Kemoi 071826052752. Everline

Lokamuria53. Everlyne Kimtai 710328554. Francis Katoma 113056155. Francis

Wamalwa193580052

56. Geoffrey Chebipen

57. Geoffrey Kiptalam Rutto

24482896 0712495668

58. George Yator59. Gladys

C.MengichSengwer DPC Member

Box 98 Kapsara 0731529353

60. Grace Kosgei Sengwer Box 98 Kapsara61. Haron

Kipchumba Krop62. Hellen Kimtai 071676407963. Immanuel

Amon0588665

64. Irene Cheroti65. Isaac A. Lubwa DC’s Rep. Box 943 Kitale 072153784666. Isaac Kisang 353060667. Isaac Komen 071509514268. Jackson

Parchuro69. Jacob Kibet 2050306470. Jacob Kiken 070203244471. Jacob Luice 832072572. James Chebii73. James Sitienei 4638179 072540979074. Jane Kiplimo 20582583575. Janet Cherutich 070120973176. Jeniffer Kadogo 28681155 Sengwer Box 98 Kapasara 071965894877. John Chelal 1106257078. John K. Kibor 21206340 SCM Box 98 Kapsara 072944454679. John K. Kiptanui 20260918

83

No Name ID No. Name of Institution

Address Telephone/Cellphone

Email:

80. John Kemboi 12678939 071085136381. John Kibiy 353192382. John Sawe83. Johnstone

Loywopa0710185900

84. Joseph Cheruiyot

4090669

85. Joseph K. Kipchumba

7373438 Sengwer Village Elder

0718870154

86. Joseph Kibachenje

87. Joseph Kibor88. Joseph Kipkorir 1267867689. Joseph Lekenei 20163313390. Julia Cherop 353089891. Julius K. Kitai92. Julius Korir Sengwer DPC

MemberBox 98 Kapsara 072300620

93. Julius Lokaumuria

94. Julius Sabatia 8345456 PA95. Kapchero

Ngurianyony4092779

96. Kelvin Korir Yator

26724286 0714725175

97. Kimaiyo Komukony

98. Kiplimo Rotich SCC99. Limalu100. Limasia

Chumarite101. Loice

Chepkemoi8320725

102. Lucy Kibet Sengwer 0718644018103. Maiywa

Kimkony4494851

104. Margaret Lomerisia

Sengwer Box 98 Kapasara

105. Mary Chepketem

3531350

106. Mary Chepkigen107. Mary Daniel

Kiptoo108. Mary Kapoiyo Sengwer109. Maurine

Chepkemei226153564 Sengwer Box 98 Kapsara

110. Milka Chepkorir Sengwer Box 98 Kapsara 0710189139111. Mongot Mochi 0278626112. Monica

Kipchumba113. Nairesha

EverlineSengwer CC

114. Nancy Chesang115. Ngolekou

Lonyangiro27066239

116. Nicholas 26677348 Sengwer YL Box 98 Kapsara 0710274064

84

No Name ID No. Name of Institution

Address Telephone/Cellphone

Email:

Kiprotich117. Paul Churi 8298983 Sengwer118. Paul K. Sondet 8366534119. Peter Kimutai

Kiplangat120. Peter Kipyatich 26777820 0702513084121. Peter Tanui122. Phamice

Chemtai123. Phelistar

Nakhanu Kipyengo

Sengwer

124. Philip Chepkondus

125. Philip Kiprop126. Philip Mongot 9168613127. Pius K. Kiplagat 22850985128. Pius Lagat 0726040739129. Porit Lokamuria 5202443130. Rabecah Sikuku 16098129131. Ralz Tirop132. Richard Kemoi

Sawe23316957

133. Richard Koech 21167761134. Richard Ndiwa MoLD Box 6 Kitale 0711606634 Ndiwa.richard@y

ahoo.com 135. Robert R. Rotich 25015506 Sengwer DPC

MemberBox 98 Kapsara 0713951961 rotio@yahoo.co

m 136. Ronald K.

Kibowen1110595

137. Rose C. Yego 9762872138. Rosemary

Cherono Kimengich

3534235

139. S. N. Wawi MoCD&M Box 4419 Kitale 0722379137 wisam@yahoo.com

140. Salome Ambros141. Salome Chepita142. SamuelKibet 07103113143. Sarah Jelangat144. Sarah Kemboi145. Sarah Kiprotich 26717400 0710274064146. Shadrack K.

Korir7444037 SCM Box 98 Kapsara

147. Shapon Kakuko148. Simoni

Pukomoe149. SitieneyKipsoi

Stephen9762929 0725728391

150. Stella Chepkemoi

455364

151. Stella Nyaris152. Stephen Sitienei 5530871153. Susan

Chemesheluk154. Susan Njeri

85

No Name ID No. Name of Institution

Address Telephone/Cellphone

Email:

155. Tereza Chepkemoi

16073189

156. Thomas Kimaiyo 3530367 Sengwer CM Box 98 Kapsara157. Thomas Kimtai 26389106158. Vincent Kitiyo 0276548 SCM Box 98 Kapsara 0715344074159. Vincet Kiptoo

Kipketer7061378 Sengwer Box 98 Kapsara

160. William Kiprono Kiptoo

3530606

161. William Chesoo162. William Ebei163. William K.

Kimobo11280337

164. William Kauyan165. William Kiprono166. William P.

Nyaris7705947 Sengwer CM Box 98 Kapsara 0717675325

167. Wilson Cheruyot

3531552

168. Wilson Kipyego 0710729169169. Yator Kiptum 8299896 Sengwer

VMPCC3894-30200 Kitale 0726806100 Yat.orr@gmail.co

m 170. Zipporah Simiyu MoA Box 1781 Kitale 0727831238 Khaoma2000@y

ahoo.com

Minutes for Sengwer Consultations: Kapolet (Trans Nzoia) – 27-28/4/2011

The community requested for a further interaction and a CBA presentation on the Value Chains so they can make right decisions.

Way forward

1. Conduct elections to get interim contact committee,

2. Continue screening for the VMGs (Sengwer and Ogieks of Trans Nzoia),

3. Undertake social mapping and analysis,

4. Areas where the VMGs are must be presented to the District Development Committee (DDC) for approval and inclusion as KAPAP project areas, and

5. Then undertake an Enterprise Development Plan an equivalent of IPP with the communities for funding.

EVENT PHOTOS: Sengwer participation in Kapolet – Trans Nzoia East District ( 27-28/4/2011)

86

87

Ogiek participation in Nessuit – Njoro District, Nakuru (Day 1 – 29/4/2011)

No Name Name of Institution

Address Telephone/Cellphone

Email:

1 Agnes C. Chilili Nessuit Box 752 Njoro 07165353162 Alice C. Togom -do- 07290843213 Alice Kenywa Nessuit -do-4 Benard Leshoe -do- 07288343205 Benard Samita Ngiria 07272271796 Benjamin Segi Box 786 Njoro 07219717497 Benson Kiprono 07242491148 Boniface Murenokasoi OWC Box 784 Njoro 07131335129 Clarkson Luswaget CHW -do- 072244561910 Cllr Paul Leswagei Nessuit Ward Box 752 Njoro 072616711611 Cornelius Sankale Indigenous

Youth Develepment Group

0724506328 Indigenousyouth2010@gmail.com or sancobi@yahoo.com

12 Daniel S. Kwendo -do-13 David Cheriro Box 752 Njoro 072588467714 David Cheruiyot Box 752 Njoro 075228958715 David Kipkorir Lesingo Box 752 Njoro 071801321516 Easther Nareyu17 Easther Totonia18 Emmanuel Lemu Ogiek People

Development Program

Box 424 Egerton

0726573713 Lemis.emmanuel@yahoo.com

19 Esther Towett Nessuit20 Florence C. Lesingo -do- 072658279921 Florence Odweso KAPAP

SecreariatBox 8073-00200 Nairobi

0722347481 fodweso@hotmail.com

22 Florence Wanjala MoA Box 560 Njoro 071039437023 Francis Baiya KAPAP

SecretariatBox 8073 Nairobi

0723219620

24 Francis Kakwetin Lesingo

Ogiek Cultural Centre

Box 689 Njoro 0728347240 Ogiek.cc22@gmail.com

25 Francis L. Ngonino RWUA CHLM -do- 071018832226 Francis Segi27 George Kipkemoi 072738931328 Hellena Retete Nessuit Box 752 Njoro29 Hillary K. Ng’eno MoA 560 Njoro 072580581030 Hilton Kipkemei Nderitu WRUA Box 786 Njoro 072309557531 Isaac Saitoti KENFAP

NakuruBox 478 Nakuru

0723993790 saitotik@yahoo.com

32 Ismael K. Lenduse 072425264033 James Rana Box 75 Njoro 072477452934 Jane Cheruto Korir35 Jane Ngugi KAPAP

SecretariatBox 8073 Nairobi

0720277888 ngugijane19@yahoo.com

36 Jedidah C. Sigilai Nessuit 071855678737 Johana Zakayo38 John Kimaiywa Box 786 Njoro39 John L. Sironga OWC 92 Njoro 071256554140 John Logoita Box 752 Njoro41 John Mburuo42 John W. Sayaya -do- 072515870143 Johnson Mucharagi 20292535

88

44 Jonathan Pere Box 752 Njoro 071028949245 Joseph K. Sang ERMIS Africa Box 17342

Nakuru0722646043 sang@ermisafrica.org

46 Joseph Kongo Mutai Box 526 Njoro 071035035947 Joseph Lesingo Box 526, Njoro 072290408748 Joseph Miritu Miringa Ogiek Tree

NurseryBox 752 Njoro 0725692181

49 Joseph Osendi Box 560 Njoro 072055266050 Joseph S. Ngiria 072955900751 Joseph Wenduse52 Julius Bidii Lenzuna 071442531253 Julius M. Kinuthia KARI Box 752 Njoro 072990835654 Julius Muchemi World Bank

Group ConsultantSafeguard Policies Expert

P.O. Box 11349, 0010, Nairobi, Kenya

Mobile: +254 (0) 720703 606; 734-703 606; Tel: +254 –(0) –020-2680567

julius@safeguardpolicies.org

55 Karia Lembigas56 Kimaru K. Kapsoo MoA Box 560 Njoro 072170610357 Kithome Kilaka KAPAP

SecretariatBox 8073 -00200 Nairobi

0735884900 k.kilaka@gmail.com

58 Leah Chemalega59 Lebiror Lengupe60 Leonard K. Mindore -do- Box 752 Njoro 0724977439 imindore@yahoo.com61 Lilian Chekorir Nessuit -do- 072997582562 Loice Cheruto -do- 071251338163 Mary Chemans64 Mary Cheplimo65 Mchembere David KAPAP RSU Box 3799

Nakuru0724659115 davidmchembere@yahoo

.com 66 Musa K. Mburuo67 Mysow Lempere

MburuoBox 752 Njoro 0728651411

68 Naisuru Cleovas Njala 071481225069 Naivando Fredrick 18038 Nakuru 0720004001 naivando@yahoo.com70 Obigi N. Benson Business/

FarmingBox 752 Njoro 0722414750

71 Peter Kimani KAPAP RSC Box 3799 Nakuru

0733854929

72 Peter Kiprotich Nessuit73 Peter ndegwa MoLD Box 560 Njoro 0723211006 alponjoro@yahoo.com74 Prengei Victor Indigenous

Development Initiative

Box 14808 0721700272 pmgvictor@yahoo.com

75 Purity Kaburu KAPAP RSU Box 3799 Nakuru

0722432506 pkkaburu@yahoo.com

76 Ranoi Kilonyati77 Raphael Kioko KAPAP RSU 072120994378 Richard Saibala Nessuit Box 752 Njoro 075014369179 Richard Tele Box 526 Njoro 072547835080 Robiston Mtarakia81 Roseline Chepkoech Nessuit Box 752 Njoro82 Samuel K. Kimisoi 071499220283 Sarah Osas -do- 071712521784 Simon Chewu Keith 071578325185 Simon K. Konirs OWC -do- 071527030286 Simon Muchura OWC Box 14808 071626946787 Sinyok Leseo

89

88 Sitienei David 070221275289 Stephen Siandoi Ngiria 070181197390 Susan T. Kipsambu Nessuit -do- 070122168591 Taputkoy Kausa92 Tegeret Kuka93 Wesley Towett Nessuit 072454082494 William Sobukie95 Zakayo Chelule WRUA -do- 072934293996 Zakayo K. Lesingo GAA

BOROWO- BKG

Box 784 Njoro 0728616801

97 Zilpher Nyakwara KARI Private Bag 0722745466 zilphernyakwara@yahoo.com

Ogiek participation in Nessuit – Njoro District, Nakuru (Day 2 – 30/4/2011)

No Name Name of Institution

Address Telephone/Cellphone

Email:

1 Agnes C. Chilili Nessuit Box 752 Njoro 07165353162 Alice C. Togom -do- 07290843213 Alice Kenywa Nessuit -do-4 Alice Ngichia5 Ann Sigira 6 Benard K. Leshebe OWS Box 752 Njoro7 Benard Leshoe -do- 07288343208 Benard Samita Ngiria 07272271799 Benjamin Nadumunye10 Benjamin Segi Box 786 Njoro 072197174911 Benson Kiprono 072424911412 Boniface Mureno OWC Box 784 Njoro 071313351213 Boniface Murenokasoi OWC Box 784 Njoro 071313351214 Cheres Victor OGO Box 27070835 071313359915 Clarkson Luswaget CHW -do- 072244561916 Clarkson Rutto Box 752 Njoro 072244565917 Cllr Paul Leswagei Nessuit Ward Box 752 Njoro 072616711618 Cornelius Sankale Indigenous

Youth Develepment Group

0724506328 Indigenousyouth2010@gmail.com or sancobi@yahoo.com

19 Daniel S. Kinade Box 75220 Daniel S. Kwendo -do-21 David Cheriro Box 752 Njoro 072588467722 David Cheruiyot Box 752 Njoro 075228958723 David Kipkorir Lesingo Box 752 Njoro 071801321524 David Salag 078228958725 Easther Nareyu26 Easther Totonia27 Emmanuel Lemu Ogiek People

Development Program

Box 424 Egerton

0726573713 Lemis.emmanuel@yahoo.com

28 Esther Towett Nessuit29 Eunice Chepkemoi30 Eunice Langat31 Florence C. Lesingo -do- 072658279932 Florence Odweso KAPAP

SecreariatBox 8073-00200 Nairobi

0722347481 fodweso@hotmail.com

33 Florence Wanjala MoA Box 560 Njoro 0710394370

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No Name Name of Institution

Address Telephone/Cellphone

Email:

34 Francis Baiya KAPAP Secretariat

Box 8073 Nairobi

0723219620

35 Francis Kakwetin Lesingo

Ogiek Cultural Centre

Box 689 Njoro 0728347240 Ogiek.cc22@gmail.com

36 Francis L. Ngonino RWUA CHLM -do- 071018832237 Francis Segi38 Francis Osonga OWC39 Fredrick Naivando Box 18038

Nakuru0720064001

40 George Kipkemoi 072738931341 Hellena Leteni42 Hellena Retete Nessuit Box 752 Njoro43 Hillary K. Ng’eno MoA 560 Njoro 072580581044 Hilton Kipkemei Nderitu WRUA Box 786 Njoro 072309557545 Isaac Saitoti KENFAP

NakuruBox 478 Nakuru

0723993790 saitotik@yahoo.com

46 Ismael K. Lenduse 072425264047 James Rana Box 75 Njoro 072477452948 Jane Chepkoech49 Jane Cheruto Korir50 Jane Ngugi KAPAP

SecretariatBox 8073 Nairobi

0720277888 ngugijane19@yahoo.com

51 Jedidah C. Sigilai Nessuit 071855678752 Johanna Bilati Ekenjo53 Johana Longoita54 Johana Zakayo55 John Kimaiywa Box 786 Njoro56 John Koina WRUA Box 756 072177006657 John L. Sironga OWC 92 Njoro 071256554158 John Logoita Box 752 Njoro59 John Mburuo60 John W. Sayaya Elders’

ChairmanBox 752 Njoro 0725158701

61 Johnson Mucharagi 2029253562 Jonathan Pere Box 752 Njoro 071028949263 Joseph K. Sang ERMIS Africa Box 17342

Nakuru0722646043 sang@ermisafrica.org

64 Joseph Kongo Mutai Box 526 Njoro 071035035965 Joseph Lenduse Box 752 Njoro 072599074866 Joseph Lesingo Box 526, Njoro 072290408767 J. M. Kobei 072243375768 Joseph Miritu Miringa Ogiek Tree

NurseryBox 752 Njoro 0725692181

69 Joseph Osendi Box 560 Njoro 072055266070 Joseph S. Ngiria 072955900771 Joseph K. Sang 072264604372 Joseph Siandoi Box 752 Njoro73 Joseph R. Kipkones PA Box 500 Njoro 072290408774 Joseph Wenduse75 Julius Bidii Leleshwa 071442531276 Julius M. Kinuthia KARI Box 752 Njoro 072990835677 Julius Muchemi World Bank

Group ConsultantSafeguard Policies Expert

P.O. Box 11349, 0010, Nairobi, Kenya

Mobile: +254 (0) 720703 606; 734-703 606; Tel: +254 –(0) –020-2680567

julius@safeguardpolicies.org

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No Name Name of Institution

Address Telephone/Cellphone

Email:

78 Julius Mwangi KARI, Njoro 072990835679 Karia Lembigas80 Kenneth Mwangi MoA Box 585 Njoro 072227700281 Kimaru K. Kapsoo MoA Box 560 Njoro 072170610382 Kithome Kilaka KAPAP

SecretariatBox 8073 -00200 Nairobi

0735884900 k.kilaka@gmail.com

83 Leah Chemalega84 Leah Chemolel Kawawa85 Lebilo Lenguloe M. 86 Lebiror Lengupe87 Leonard K. Mindore Indigenous

Development Initiative

Box 14808 Nakuru

0724977439 imindore@yahoo.com

88 Lilian Chekorir Nessuit -do- 072997582589 Lilian Chepkurui90 Loice Cheruto -do- 071251338191 Margaret Kausa92 Mary Chemans93 Mary Chemarus 94 Mary Chepkemoi95 Mary Cheplimo96 Mchembere David KAPAP RSU Box 3799

Nakuru0724659115 davidmchembere@yahoo

.com 97 Musa K. Mburuo98 Mysow Lempere

MburuoBox 752 Njoro 0728651411

99 Nabisto Daniel Box 836 Njoro 0720891314100 Naisuru Cleovas Njala 0714812250101 Naivando Fredrick 18038 Nakuru 0720004001 naivando@yahoo.com102 Obigi N. Benson Business/

FarmingBox 752 Njoro 0722414750

103 Penina Chemeli104 Peter Kimani KAPAP RSC Box 3799

Nakuru0733854929

105 Peter Kiprotich Nessuit 0715181791106 Peter ndawara MoLD Box 560 Njoro 0723211006 alponjoro@yahoo.com107 Prengei Victor Indigenous

Development Initiative

Box 14808 0721700272 pmgvictor@yahoo.com

108 Purity Kaburu KAPAP RSU Box 3799 Nakuru

0722432506 pkkaburu@yahoo.com

109 Ranoi Kilonyati110 Raphael Kioko KAPAP RSU 0721209943111 Richard Saibala Nessuit Box 752 Njoro 0750143691112 Richard Tele Box 526 Njoro 0725478350113 Robiston Mtarakia114 Roseline Chepkoech Nessuit Box 752 Njoro115 Sankale Cornelius IYDO 0724506328;

0722221782116 Samson R. Mutarakwa117 Samson Ranoi118 Samuel K. Kimisoi 0714992202119 Sarah Osasi -do- 0717125217120 Simon Chewu Koita 0715783251121 Simon K. Kimando

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No Name Name of Institution

Address Telephone/Cellphone

Email:

122 Simon Konana Konin Ogiek Welfare Council

Box 14808 Nakuru

0715270302

123 Simon K. Konirs OWC -do- 0715270302124 Simon K. Muchura OWC Box 14808 0716269467125 Sinyok Leseo126 Sitienei David 0702212752127 Stephen Siandoi Ngiria 0701811973128 Susan Chemto129 Susan T. Kipsambu Nessuit -do- 0701221685130 Tapletkoi Kausa131 Taprandich Leseyo132 Taputkoy Kausa133 Tegeret Kuka134 Wesley Towett Nessuit 0724540824135 William Sobukie136 Zakayo Chelule WRUA -do- 0729342939137 Zakayo K. Lesingo GAA

BOROWO- BKG

Box 784 Njoro 0728616801

138 Zilpher Nyakwara KARI Private Bag 0722745466 zilphernyakwara@yahoo.com

Minutes for Nessuit (Nakuru) Ogiek Consultations – 29-30/4/2011

The community expressed the desire to be trained on cost benefit analysis of all the value chain themes to be able to make an informed decision.

Way forward

1. Conduct elections to get interim contact committee,2. Continue screening for the VMGs (Ogieks of Nakuru),3. Undertake social mapping and analysis,4. Areas where the VMGs are must be presented to the District Development Committee (DDC)

for approval and inclusion as KAPAP project areas, and 5. Then undertake an Enterprise Development Plan (EDP) an equivalent of IPP with the

communities for funding.

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EVENT PHOTOS: Ogiek participation in Nessuit – Njoro District, Nakuru (29-30/4/2011)

94

Workshop Timetable

Kenya Agricultural Productivity and Agribusiness Project (KAPAP)Social and Environmental Safeguards Awareness Creation and Sensitization Fora to VMGs: West Pokot, Trans Nzoia

and Nakuru Regions – 25-29/04/2011 (2 days each)PROGRAM

Day 1: April 25th (West Pokot); 27th (Trans Nzoia); 29th (Nakuru)DAY 1: CHAIRPERSON: DAO; Rapporteur: KENFAP

8.30-9.00am Arrival/Registration of participants RSUs9.00-9.30am Introduction RSU - Coordinator9.30-10.00am Workshop Objectives/ Participants’ Expectations KS – Environmental Specialist10.00-10.30am

Official Opening District Heads/(Provincial Heads- Agric. ,Livestock, Cooperatives, Fisheries)

10.30-11.00am

Health Break

11.00-11.30am

Introduction to KAPAP and Implementation Process RSU-Coordinator

11.30-12.00 Noon

Group Tasks KS – Environmental Specialist

12.00-12.30pm

Group presentations KS – Environmental Specialist

12.30-1.00pm

KAPAP Safeguards KS – Environmental Specialist

1.00pm-2.00pm

Lunch Break

2.00-2.20pm Plenary Discussions2.20-3.00pm Gender Issues in Agricultural Development and Agribusiness KS-Social & Gender Specialist3.00-4.00pm SWOT/C/L Analysis – Group tasks KS – Environmental Specialist4.00-4.30pm Group presentations KS – Environmental Specialist4.30-5.00pm Listing of community constraints/Ranking – Group tasks WB Safeguards Consultant /KS –

Environmental Specialist5.00-5.15pm Conclusions/Wrap up/Closing day 1 RSUs

Day 2: April 26th (West Pokot); 28th (Trans Noia); 30th (Nakuru)DAY 2: CHAIRPERSON: DLPO; Rapporteur: DCO

8.30-9.00am Group presentations/Pair-wise ranking WB Safeguards Consultant /KS –Environmental Specialist

9.00-9.30am Community issues analyzed - Problem Tree WB Safeguards Consultant /KS –Environmental Specialist

9.30-10.00am Integrating Gender concerns in KAPAP Operational procedures

KS-Social & Gender Specialist

10.00-10.30am

KAPAP Area CIP Vs SWOT Analysis RSU – M&E O/KS-Environmental Specialist

10.30-11.00am

Health Break

11.00-11.30am

KAPAP Financial and Procurement Guidelines in relation to Community sub projects

RSU-Accountant/RSU Coordinator

11.30-12.00 Noon

Communication Dissemination Mechanism (CDM) KS-Information / Communication Specialist / WB Safeguards Consultant

12.00-12.30pm

Conflict Handling Mechanism (CHM) WB Safeguards Consultant /KS –Environmental Specialist

12.30-1.00pm

ESM Screening Demo. RSU M&E O/KS- Environmental Specialist

1.00pm-2.00pm

Lunch Break

2.00-3.00pm Community Planning Log Frame link with EDP Development KS – M&E Specialist3.00-3.30pm Grievance Resolution Mechanism (GRM) KS-Information / Communication

Specialist / WB Safeguards Consultant 3.30-4.00pm Conclusions/Evaluation/Way forward RSU Coordinator4.30-5.00pm Official Closing District Heads/(Provincial Heads-

Agric. ,Livestock, Cooperatives,

95

Fisheries)

2008 Field Trip Schedule

Date Location Detailed activity2nd October 2008

Taita Taveta (Wundanyi RSU office) and travel to Mombasa

Meet with stakeholders from 11am to 1pm.2-4pm meet with a CIG

3-4th

October2008

Kilifi District Hqts (RSUoffice )

Meet with stakeholders from 11 am to 1pm.2-4pm meet with a CIG and travel to Nyeri on 4th

October 20086th Oct. 2008

Nyeri District Hqts (RSU office )

Meet with stakeholders from 10 am to 1pm.2-4pm meet with a CIG and sleep in Meru.

7TH and 8th

October 2008

Meru DistrictHqts (RSUoffice )

Meet with stakeholders from 11am to 1pm.Meet with a CBO from 2-4pm and travel to Nakuru on8th October

9 Oct. 2008 Nakuru DistrictHqts (RSU office )

Meet with RSU/stakeholders from 11am to 1pm.Meet with a CIG from 2-4pm, Compile report on 10th

and 11th, , while in Nakuru and travel to Homa Bay on 12th October 2008

13thOct.2008

Homa-bay District Hqts (RSU office )

Meet with RSU/stakeholders from 11am to 1pm.Meet with a CIG from 2-4pm

13th October2008

Kakamega(RSU office )

Meet with RSU/stakeholders from 11am to 1pm.Meet with a CIG from 2-4pm and travel back to

17th

October2008

MAKUENI(WOTE RSU OFFICE )

Meet with stakeholders from 11am to 1pm.2-4pm meet with a CIG

Detailed activityMeet with stakeholders from 11am to 1pm.2-4pm meet with a CIGMeet with stakeholders from 11 am to 1pm.2-4pm meet with a CIG and travel to Nyeri on 4th

October 2008Meet with stakeholders from 10 am to 1pm.2-4pm meet with a CIG and sleep in Meru.Meet with stakeholders from 11am to 1pm.Meet with a CBO from 2-4pm and travel to Nakuru on8th OctoberMeet with RSU/stakeholders from 11am to 1pm.Meet with a CIG from 2-4pm, Compile report on 10th

and 11th, , while in Nakuru and travel to Homa Bay on12th October 2008Meet with RSU/stakeholders from 11am to 1pm.Meet with a CIG from 2-4pmMeet with RSU/stakeholders from 11am to 1pm.Meet with a CIG from 2-4pm and travel back to NairobiMeet with stakeholders from 11am to 1pm.

96

2-4pm meet with a CIG

Taita District: 2nd October, 2008

No. Name Organisation Address1. E. W. Mbiinga Coord’, KAPAP RSU, TAITA Box 1239, Wundanyi2. B. S. Thuya Veterinary Department Box 1125, Wundanyi3. J. M. Nkanata Veterinary Department Box 1125, Wundanyi4. J. Margaret D. A. O Box 1035, Wundanyi5. Julius Mkongo Fisheries Department Box 1125, Wundanyi6. James Mwang’ombe Chairperson, SPF Box 1043, Wundanyi7. Benson Mwazili Chief,Wumingu Location 07355403538. Patrick Alwala Cooperative Development Box 1036, Wundanyi

No. Name CIG members Location1. Herman M. Miwawasi Cabbage/Ttomato Wumingu2. Nicholas M. Mwamela Fish/Dairy/Dopper Wumingu3. David Mtwacha Lumbo Fish/Dairy/Dopper Wumingu4. Humphrey M. Mwandawiro Fish/Bee/Beans Wumingu5. Briston Mwakilenge Dairy/Cabbage/Tomatoes Wumingu6. Agnes Mwakilenge Dairy/Silk/Fishing Wumingu7. Agneta Mwatika Dairy/Silk/Fishing Wumingu8. Mlambu Maimbo Assistant Chief, Nyache Wumingu9. S. M. Mwakilenge Assistant Chief, Mgambonyi Wumingu10. Claudeus Mnyembo Pastor Wumingu11. Joseph Kanda Mwakidoshi Tomatoes/Cabbage/Dairy/Fishing Wumingu12. Amos Maganga Tomatoes/Cabbage/Dairy Wumingu

Kilifi District: 3rd October 2008

No. Name Organization/CIG Address1. Anthony K. Kazungu Service Provider P. O. Box 1157, Kilifi2. L. M. Nderi RSU- M & EO P. O. Box 175, Kilifi3. Oscar Charo KENFAP P. O. Box 77, Kaloleni4. Henry S. Manyonyi Ministry of Coop and

MarketingP. O. Box 33, Kilifi

5. Joanne N. Nyamasyo Livestock Department P. O. Box 553, Kilifi6. Lucy M. Ruwa Veterinary Department P. O. Box 97, Kilifi7. Munyasi J. W. Consultant P. O. Box 12, Machakos8. Louis Gachimbi Consultant P. O. Box 14733 – 00800,

Nairobi9. Mbaluka M. Agriculture P. O. Box 19, Kilifi10. Masis Ali Mwamutsi Kenya Forest Service P. O. Box 247, Kilifi11. Severinus Jembe National Museums of Kenya P. O. Box 596, Kilifi12. John Wanje Tomato Self Help Group 072845061113. Humphrey Kitsao Tomato Self Help Group 072404889014. Edward N. Chai Tomato Self Help Group 0710542523

97

15. Fredrick Ngao Tomato Self Help Group P. O. Box 29, Kaloleni16. David Fondo Tomato Self Help Group P. O. Box 35, Kaloleni17. Kitsao Munga Tomato Self Help Group P. O. Box 29, Kaloleni18. Ndoro Ngella Tomato Self Help Group P. O. Box 35, Kaloleni19. Patrick Karisa Tomato Self Help Group P. O. Box 96, Kaloleni20. Lennox Kombe Tomato Self Help Group P. O. Box 297, Kaloleni21. Juma Charo Tomato Self Help Group P. O. Box 297, Kaloleni22. Samini Kithi Tomato Self Help Group P. O. Box 29, Kaloleni23. Mwari Kassim 071024313824. Penina Konde P. O. Box 31, Kaloleni25. Lilian Rimba26. Emily Kombe P. O. Box 297, Kaloleni27. Edward Wanje P. O. Box 163, Kaloloni28. Patrick Rusa P. O. Box 12, Kaloleni29. Amos Chengo Mae P. O. Box 12, Kaloleni30. Jonathan T. Baya Tomato Self Help Group P. O. Box 225 – 80105,

Kaloleni31. Jacqueline Fondo32. Emmaculate Kengo

Nyeri District 6th October 2008

No. Name Organisation Address2. Neville Agoro KAPAP, Nyeri RSU Box 145, Nairobi3. Moses M. Ngugi SP Mumw D. Cow C/E Othaya4. Ndirangu, T. W. SP. Aguthi Tetu Box 1552, Othaya5. John N. Kanja SP. Endarasha Kieni West 07265100966. John M. Gachuru SP. Ruguru/Endarasha Nyeri

North0721551143

7. M. Kaniaru SP. Aguthi Coffee CIG8. Nancy W. Karandi SP. Aguthi Tetu Box 195, Nyeri

No. Name Othaya CIG Address1. Emilio Murai Mumwe Dairy Cow Box 347, Othaya2. Benard Muito Mumwe Dairy Cow Box 491, Othaya3. Peter Wang’ondu Mumwe Dairy Cow Box 82, Othaya4. John Kanyuira Mbogo Mumwe Dairy Cow Box 539, Othaya5. Philip Maina Ngunjiri Mumwe Dairy Cow Box 491, Othaya6. Samuel Kahuho Mumwe Dairy Cow Box 16,Othaya

Meru- Imenti North District , 7th October 2008

No. Name Organisation Address3. Henry Muthamia Mango4. John Mwebia Mango Box 82, Mitunguu5. Simon Bengi Mango Box 80, Mitunguu6. James Thuri SP. Mango Processing Box 8, Mitunguu7. Zakary Murithi CBO Ruiri Box 1712, Meru

98

8. Charity Mwirebupa CBO Ruiri Box 1712, Meru9. Josiah Njue Muruambui Mango Box 82, Meru10. David Gituma Banana Box 32, Kanyakine11. Beatrice Kiende Banana Box 110, Nkubu12. Ciprian Mbii Banana Box 110, Nkubu13. George Mutea Groundnut Kiaburine14. Nahashon Kaburu Groundnut Kiburine15. Domisiano Muthuri Groundnut Kiburine16. Zablon Kithinji Groundnut Kiburine17. Patrick Mbaabu DFO (Fisheries) Meru Region18. Douglas Koome Mworia Groundnut Kiburine19. Joshua Guantai Cattle Ruiri20. Gilbert G. Mutua Chief – Nkachie Location Box 34, Kanyakine21. Cosmas K. Muarimi Assistant Chief Maraa Box 110, Nkubu22. Gerald K. Manyara Social Services Box 216,

Meru/072292020923. John N. Ngaru Groundnut - Kiburine Box 1705, Meru24. Jeremiah M. M’alaine Deputy DAO Imenti North Box 12, Meru25. Agnes K. Mwita Mango Box 96, Mitunguu26. G. M. Mwoga RSU Coordinator Meru Central

No. Name CIG enterprise1 Stephen Bundi Bee keeping

2. Andrew Kirujah Macademia3. Edwin Maingi G. Amaranthus4. Fridah Makandi Coffee improvement5. Mildah Mukuri Local poultry6. Lilian Kinya Local poultry7. Francis Wanderi Dairy cattle8. Hellen Kimeria Amaranthus9. Japhet Bundi Grain Amaranthus

Homabay: 13TH October, 2008

No. Name CIG Address1. Raphael Okeyo Local Poultry2. William Otieno Local Poultry3. Stephen Obal Local Poultry4. James Otieno Local Poultry5. John Odero Alum Local Poultry6. Alfred O. Ochuodho Poultry, sweet potatoes7. Charles O. Muoda Local Poultry8. Charles Owino Kiadha Local Poultry9. Samson Otute Local Poultry10. Rev. Bishop Odhuno Local Poultry

99

11. Joseph Odhiambo Local Poultry12. Elly Oyanda Local goat13. Omanda Okumu Local Poultry14. Martin Onyango Local Poultry15. Christopher Otieno Local Poultry16. S. Osese Local Poultry17. Moses Oyanda Local Poultry18. George Okoth Local Poultry19. Agaga Opiyo Local Poultry20. Dismas O. Agaga Local Poultry21. Martin Owino Local Poultry, sweet potatoes22. Domnicus Asimba Local Poultry23. Isaya Okall Local Poultry24. Martin Ajwang Local Poultry25. Moses Okuku Local Poultry26. Barrack Omoja Odhiambo Local Poultry27. Joseph Orwa Ojowi Local Poultry28. John Ogola Oyayo Local Poultry29. George Ochieng Ogege Local Poultry30. Rosalina Odundo Local Poultry31. Teresa Aoko Local Poultry32. Pesila Aoko Local Poultry33. Millicent Anyango Local Poultry34. Agnes Akinyi Local Poultry35. Floice Awuor Local Poultry36. Teresa Akumu Local Poultry37. Lucy Aketch Local Poultry38. Olivia Atieno Local Poultry39. Rose Odete Local Poultry40. Consla Muga Local Poultry41. Millicent Pundo Local Poultry42. Rose Agaga Local Poultry43. Syprosa Atieno Local Poultry44. Mary Atieno Local Poultry45. Roselyne Agaga Local Poultry46. Carren Auma Local Poultry47. Caroline Awino Local Poultry48. Monica Chiama Local Poultry49. Angelina Ajwang Local Poultry50. Catherine Anyango Local Poultry51. Silina Ogege Local Poultry52. Joswah Otuoma Local Poultry53. Odengi Martin Otieno KAPAP/Homabay P. O. Box 681, Homabay54. Ongati Washington DGSDO Homabay P. O. Box 75, Homabay55. Grace A. Otieno DFO Office Homabay P. O. Box 96, Homabay56. George Genga D/DL P. O. Box 656, Homabay57. Kagunza Benard D/DAO P. O. Box 71, Homabay

100

58. Isaac Simiyu OIC ATAC/ Homabay P. O. Box 71, Homabay59. Jacob Muga DCO Crops P. O. Box 4, Homabay60. Vincent Ouno KWS P. O. Box 420, Homabay61. Pius Otila Local Poultry62. Julius Otute Local Poultry63. Jared Otieno Local Poultry64. Bethelemao Ogege Local Poultry65. Fredrick A. Wambugu Local Poultry66. Dorothy Kagaga Local Poultry67. Millicent Odhiambo Local Poultry68. Julius Omollo Local Poultry69. Damarice Atieno Local Poultry70. Molline Auma Local Poultry71. Hellen Odhiambo Local Poultry

Nakuru District : 9th October, 2008

No. Name Organisation Address2. Penina Gichuru M &EO, RSUNKU P. O. Box 3799, Nakuru3. Fredrick Lagat Rep. P.D.V.S.R.V.P P. O. Box 1791, Nakuru4. S. M. Karanja MOA P. O. Box 1544, Nakuru5. John Mbugua Dairy goat CIG - Gilgil P. O. Box 12674, Nakuru6. P. M. Kimani KAPAP RSU Coordinator P. O. Box 3799, Nakuru7. Everlyn Alhaji GESPF Gilgil P. O. Box 2228, Nakuru8. Anne Kagiri Min. of Water & Irrigation,

DistrictP. O. Box 15543, Nakuru

Kirima Self Help Group:Gilgil – Nakuru

No. Name Organisation Address1. Joseph Mbuthia Wood lot P. O. Box 41, Gilgil2. Zachary Mathenge Wood lot P. O. Box 41, Gilgil3. Peter Waweru Wood lot P. O. Box 41, Gilgil4. Samuel Mwaura Wood lot P. O. Box 41, Gilgil5. Joseph Mutua Wood lot P. O. Box 41, Gilgil6. Mary Mugure Wood lot P. O. Box 41, Gilgil7. Eunice Waithira Wood lot P. O. Box 41, Gilgil8. Jacinta Waithira Wood lot P. O. Box 41, Gilgil9. Beatrice Waithira Wood lot P. O. Box 41, Gilgil10. Beth Njeri Wood lot P. O. Box 41, Gilgil11. Peter Ng’ang’a Wood lot P. O. Box 41, Gilgil12. John Maingi Wood lot P. O. Box 41, Gilgil13. Mwangi Muturi Wood lot P. O. Box 41, Gilgil14. John Maraa Wood lot P. O. Box 41, Gilgil15. Isaac Kareru Wood lot P. O. Box 41, Gilgil16. Millicent Njoki Wood lot P. O. Box 41, Gilgil17. Lucy Njoki Wood lot P. O. Box 41, Gilgil

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Kakamega District: 14th October 2008

No. Name Organization/CIG Designation1. Ernest Shisanya MOA PDA’s Office PMEO2. Mildred Irungu MOA PDA’s Office PMEO3. Francis M. Mutsotso Farmers forum Chairman4. David N. S. Cheruo MOLD DVO’s Office DDVO5. Meshack Atonya PMO’s Office SCO6. James Mahaja MOFD DFO7. Antony Saisi Aura NEMA DEO8. Mochama Onsongo Charles KAPAP-RSU Kakamega M & EO9. Juma A. Mohamed Ministry of water & Irrigation Supt10. Libaisi Judith KENFAP Provincial Coordinator11. Zip Mugonyi MOA – PDA’s D/PDA12. Ignatius K. Ateya WKCDD/FMP DPC13. Alphonce Opinya MOA – DAO’s Office Kakamega Central

Makueni District: 17th 0ctober 2008

No. Name Organization/CIG Address

3. Kithome Kilaka RSU - MGEO P. O. Box 394, Makueni4. Daniel K. Musila DASO - Kee P. O. Box 4, Kola5. Stephen W. Kitung’a DEO/NEMA P. O. Box 301, Makueni6. Rodah Mulili DCO - Makueni P. O. Box 227, Makueni7. Simon Mwangi DAO P. O. Box 42, Makueni8. Miriam Muli SP KAPAP P. O. Box 59, Kathonzweni9. Samuel Mbithi SPF (Kathonzweni) 0736 204 7110. B. N. Muthoka D/DLPO (Makueni) P. O. Box 226, Makueni11. Mutisya K. Kimuli RSU - Makueni P. O. Box 394-

90300/072796700212. Patrick Mateng’e BISEP P. O. Box 258-90300/0734 76102413. Veronica Ndetu DDAO P. O. Box 1 Nzaisi/0721851102

14. Peter Murangangi LO Wote P. O. Box 233, Wote / 0734 86263115. David Kilonzo Farmer P. O. Box 4, Kola

16. Kamau Evanson M. SP Bee/DLEO –kee Division P. O. Box 4, Kola17. Daniel Matolo Beekeeper P. O. Box 54, Kola18. John Makau Beekeeper P. O. Box 4, Kola19. Maluku Mwangangi Beekeeper P. O. Box 4, Kola20. Peter Mhange Beekeeper P. O. Box 4, Kola / 071335114021. Simon Yambu Kulikya Beekeeper P. O. Box 54, Kola22. Peter Musembi P. O. Box 4, Kola / 0733498313

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Annex 4.0 ESMF TeamEnvironmental and Social Management Framework for Kenya Agricultural Productivity Project (KAPP) - 2008

Team members:

Name Responsibility and qualifications Contact address Louis N. Gachimbi Associate EIA/EA - Expert Team

leader Msc- Land and Water Management

KARI Kabete P.O Box 14733 NAIROBI Mobile: 0722795884Email: inmasp@skyweb.co.ke

Joseph W. Munyasi EIA/EA Lead Expert- Deputy team leader Msc. Environmental Scientist/Socio-economics

KARI KakamegaP.O Box 169KakamegaMobile: 0720860939Email: jwmunyasi@gmail.com

Dr. Patrick T. Gicheru EIA/EA Lead Expert – PhD - Soil Science

KARI Kabete P.O Box 14733 NAIROBIMobile: 0722465642Email: cdnarl@kari.org

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