Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA)...

Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) Report

Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) for the Proposed Construction of

Rural Electrification Projects under ERT-III

PACKAGE 3: Mubende, Kibaale & Kagadi Districts (Lot 7) & Kamwenge District (Lot 8)

Prepared by: The SDEA/Bluepebble JV Partnership

Prepared for RURAL ELECTRIFICATION AGENCY

MINISTRY OF ENERGY & MINERAL DEVELOPMENT

REPUBLIC OF UGANDA

JULY 2018

Pub

lic D

iscl

osur

e A

utho

rized

Pub

lic D

iscl

osur

e A

utho

rized

Pub

lic D

iscl

osur

e A

utho

rized

Pub

lic D

iscl

osur

e A

utho

rized

Bluepebble Independent Environmental Agency

3 Strydom Street, Knysna, 6570, South Africa

+27 82 777 0705 (tel)

[email protected] (email)

www.bluepebble.biz (web)

Sustainable Development East Africa Ltd.

Plot 2 Mawanga Lane, P.O. Box 5391, Kampala, Uganda

+256 772 673 225 (tel)

[email protected] (email)

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) REPORT

*‘Project Brief’ standard of assessment under the National Environment Act (Cap 153).

Prepared for

RURAL ELECTRIFICATION AGENCY

MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINERAL DEVELOPMENT

Prepared by

The SDEA/Bluepebble JV Partnership Sustainable Development East Africa Ltd. & Bluepebble Independent Environmental Agency

Joint Venture (JV) Partnership

SUBJECT: AUTHORS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) REPORT

The ESIA Report was prepared by the following Certified Environmental Practitioners:

The Certified Environmental Practitioners were supported by the following experts:

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.bluepebble.biz/


Page ii The SDEA/Bluepebble JV Partnership

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Project Background

The Government of Uganda is implementing the Energy for Rural Transformation (ERT) Project,

which is funded by the World Bank. The primary Development Objective of the project is to

increase access to energy in the rural areas of Uganda. Much of Uganda’s rural population remains

severely limited in terms of access to the economy, due to a lack of access to reliable and

affordable electricity1. Uganda’s Vision 2040 policy supports the modernisation of the nation. Such

a national development imperative requires increased access to electricity, to stimulate local

economic development, across all sectors of the rural economy; resulting in part in improving

services provided by health care facilities and schools, as well as stimulating economic growth in

rural trading centres (TCs).

The ERT Project forms part of Uganda’s Rural Electrification Programme. Phase III of ERT proposes

the extension of the national electricity grid by approximately 1,280km, of which this

Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) Report considers 222km. The Government,

through the Rural Electrification Agency (REA), under the Ministry of Energy and Mineral

Development, has applied part of the funds for ERT Project to conduct the Environmental and

Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) for the proposed construction and extension of rural electricity

distribution grid in various parts of the Uganda. This ESIA Report provides details on the impact

assessment for the 222km of distribution lines proposed in parts of Mubende, Kibaale, Kagadi and

Kamwenge Districts.

Project Scope and Outline

The proposed project includes the extension of medium voltage (MV or 33kV) distribution lines, as

well as the construction of related low voltage (LV or 11kV) lines in two lots, labelled as Lot 7 and

Lot 8 by REA. The proposed extension of the grid in Lot 7 covers parts of Mubende, Kibaale and

Kagadi Districts for a total of 134 km of MV distribution lines. In Lot 8 the proposed route covers

parts of Kamwenge District for a total of 87.5km of MV distribution lines. Implementation of the

proposed project will include the following activities:

Erecting medium voltage (33kV) overhead electricity line support structures, using wooden pole

structures and pole-mounted transformers, conductors and accessories;

Clearing of the right-of-way (RoW), 10m wide for medium voltage and 5m wide for low voltage

lines;

Erecting low voltage (11kV) reticulation lines to bring supply points close to potential

consumers; and

Construction of temporary workers’ camps and storage facilities for project materials during

the construction phase.

1The message from the recent PowerGen Africa Conference held in Johannesburg (South Africa), is for African nations to look at

both ‘centralised’ and ‘decentralised’ options to increase access to electricity, with emphasis placed on the fact that access to electricity needs to be radically changed to promote growth and development in Africa (Engineering News, 20 July 2017).

Page iii The SDEA/Bluepebble JV Partnership

Purpose of the ESIA

The National Environment Act (Section 19 (1), Chapter 153) provides clear guidelines for project

developers as described in the Third Schedule of the Act, to prepare and submit to National

Environment Management Authority (NEMA) project briefs (ESIA) with information on potential

impacts of the proposed projects on the environment and mitigation measures for the identified

impacts.

During the feasibility phase of the ERT III project, REA conducted Environmental Screening, from

which it was concluded that a partial assessment would suffice for the assessment of project

related environmental and social impacts. The ESIA conducted for Lot 7 and Lot 8 required the

compilation of a single report for the entire Project Site. This ESIA Report has been prepared in line

with the Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) for Phase III of the Energy for

Rural Transformation (ERT) Project, as well as the National Environment Act Cap 153 and the

National Environment (Impact Assessment) Regulations, 1998, World Bank Environmental and

Social Safeguard policies, NEMA Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) guidelines and the EIA

guidelines for the Energy Sector.

In this regard, the purpose of this report is to provide the necessary information on the proposed

project to guide NEMA and REA to ensure that the proposed project is considered for approval, and

when approved, implemented in an environmentally and socially sound manner, consistent with

established environmental regulations and the Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP).

This ESIA also proposes mitigation measures to enhance positive and reduce negative impacts that

have been identified. It must be noted that to avoid significant negative social impacts, the

provisions of the ESMP must be fully implemented, especially by the appointed Contractor.

Objectives of the ESIA

The specific objectives of the ESIA are to provide, inter alia:

A description and analysis of the prevailing environmental and social baseline of the Project

Area;

A review of policy, legal and institutional framework for the project, including the gender,

HIV/AIDS and other policies and regulations;

Consideration and documentation of inputs, concerns and suggestions of key stakeholders

regarding the identification, analysis, assessment and mitigation of the potential environmental

and social impacts of the proposed project, through public consultations with relevant

Government Ministries, NGOs, community leaders and Project Affected Parties (PAPs);

Assessment of the direct and indirect environmental and social impacts of the planned project

activities;

Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) detailing mitigation measures for

addressing the identified potential negative environmental and social impacts of the project

and their timing vis a vis the detailed planning, construction and operational phases of the

project; and

Monitoring plan with clear monitoring indicators, budget estimates and institutional roles for

tracking the implementation of and compliance with the proposed environmental and social

mitigation measures.

Page iv The SDEA/Bluepebble JV Partnership

Findings

This ESIA provides an assessment of the range of potential positive benefits and negative impacts of

the proposed project, through considering various factors, determining the probable consequences

across both Lot 7 and Lot 8, rating the significance of each. The analysis of the full range of the

impacts assessed are contained in Section 8 of this report. The most significant environmental and

social impacts, rated as of medium significance and higher, are:

Positive Impacts

1. Employment opportunity and growth opportunity in the local economy (+ high impact);

2. Health care centres, schools and other social services gain access to electricity, to provide

better social services and basic services (+ high impact);

3. Enhancement in the productivity of agricultural land use activities in and around the Project

Area and stimulation of secondary processing facilities, such as maize grinding, coffee husking

and milk cooling, which require reliable and cost-effective electricity (+ high impact);

4. General improvement of the economy and rural landscape, towards a better established rural

agro-economy and more advanced farming (+ medium impact); and

5. Provide necessary and further support to the refugee settlements, through supporting the

provision of basic services in the form of electricity (+ medium impact).

Negative Impacts

6. The influx of people and the increase in social disruption and human health issues, related

specifically to the influx of people and HIV/AIDS, with which specific management is required to

guide social interaction during the construction period (- high impact);

7. The perpetuation of disempowerment of vulnerable groups of society, like women, children

and PWDs. Including existing gender imbalances and gender-based violence and discrimination

(- high impact);

8. Impact to remaining natural trees, forests and other natural vegetation, including wetland

vegetation will occur within limited areas for construction pole and over-head electricity lines (-

medium impact);

9. The loss of crops and woodlots on the RoW, when it deviates from the road reserve (- medium

impact); and

10. Risk of spreading Alien Invasive Species along, in and out of the Project Site (- medium impact).

Both the positive impacts can be enhanced, and the negative ones reduced to medium-level

impacts or below, through implementing the suggested mitigation measures. Accordingly, the ESIA

provides a detailed Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) with provisions on how the

Page v The SDEA/Bluepebble JV Partnership

proposed project must be implemented, upon approval from NEMA. The ESMP therefore sets out

the methods by which proper environmental and social controls must be implemented by REA and

the Contractor, to enhance positive impacts and avoid significant negative impacts.

Conclusions and Recommendations

Access to electricity is one of the primary constraints to the Ugandan economy; providing such

access unlocks economic opportunity. In the context of the proposed project, such opportunity

would most likely be taken up by the service and processing industries, which can now rely on

stable electricity to build a business on. The positive impacts from this project will result in local

economic growth in the Project Area in various parts of Mubende, Kibaale, Kagadi and Kamwenge

Districts.

Through effective implementation of the mitigation measures, stipulated in this Environmental and

Social Management Plan (ESMP), the probable risks of this project can be adequately managed and

mitigated. It is critical to realise that the project must be implemented within the suggested ESMP

guidelines, to avoid significant negative impacts, like the spread of HIV/AIS, gender inequality,

gender-based violence, the abuse of children and exclusion of vulnerable groups. Of primary

importance, is for the final design stage to now be focussed on site specific issues and opening

discussions directly with relevant landowners, as can be facilitated through the implementation of

the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) process.

Recommendation is made for the consideration of approval of the project, based on conditions that

the proposed mitigation measures are effectively implemented; proof of which must be made

available regularly to relevant authorities and stakeholders and be submitted upon completion of

the construction phase through the submission of a final environmental and social audit.

The following specific recommendations are made:

1. The proposed route be more closely aligned with the road reserve across Lot 8, as there seem

to be no reasons for the predominant deviation from the road reserve;

2. The final location of the proposed route and specific placement of poles and other

infrastructure, be specifically designed during the final design stage, to avoid the identified

environmental and social impacts, as far as is possible;

3. REA should consider the needs of institutions such as churches, schools and health centres that

fall outside the proposed routing, for possible further inclusion into the revised designs for the

project. The expansion of the distribution line, in the case of Kiryanga Trading Center and Sub-

County Headquarters for instance, located 1.5km north of Kicucuura load center. This relatively

short extension can make a difference to the lives of many, in the north of Lot 7 and should be

considered for inclusion into the distribution project, as highlighted during discussion with the

local stakeholders;

4. Social protection - REA needs to deal with a pervasive problem of abusive behaviour and use of

vulgar language towards women and children by construction teams deployed to erect power

Page vi The SDEA/Bluepebble JV Partnership

lines. Stakeholders are aware of these issues and have raised them repeatedly during

consultations. Penalties and fines should be put in place to deal with ESMP non-compliance

issues. The sexual harassment of women and children by construction workers deployed to

erect power lines is a recurrent problem, which the stakeholders feel must be addressed as a

priority issue. REA is therefore requested to ensure that this issue is very well managed to

avoid such significant negative social impacts during the implementation of the project. In this

regard, attention is drawn to the IFC Good Practice Note: Managing Contractor’s Environmental

and Social Performance, October 20172;

5. Security of assets - there is concern about frequent theft of electricity distribution lines and

components, including meters and transformer parts. There is suspicion that the theft occurs

with the direct involvement and collusion of technicians from the electricity agencies. They are

more knowledgeable about the value and markets for these components. The same is true of

theft of power in form of illegal connections by unscrupulous consumers. REA should keep this

issue in mind, especially during the construction and operational phase of the project;

6. Labour and recruitment - REA should give priority consideration to recruitment of unskilled local

labour on the project. Gender considerations should also be given due attention during project

implementation;

7. REA should endeavour to include sociologists in the final design and construction teams to

overcome the biases and gaps that are often overlooked by teams that are predominantly

engineering professionals;

8. The police and other security agencies should be part of the process of sensitising the

stakeholder during the construction of the distribution lines – from the perspective of the

safety of persons, as well as potential vandalism of assets such as transformers;

9. Communication and feedback - REA is requested to ensure that reports or outcomes of the on-

going assessment are shared with the relevant District, as soon as they are available – in the

interest of transparency and accountability;

10. Necessary training regarding safety aspects to the personnel working at the line will be

provided by the Contractor. Personal protective equipment, like safety gloves, helmet, mufflers

etc., should be provided during the construction period and during the maintenance work and

according to national and international Occupational Health and Safety good practice

standards;

11. Strict Contractor adherence from the work force regarding zero tolerance to disturbances on the

local community, surrounding habitats, flora and fauna, to be maintained at all times;

2 This document will be useful for REA when compiling bidding documents and considering tenders from contractors wishing to

construct the power line. This document is easily accessible at the URL: http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/topics_ext_content/ifc_external_corporate_site/sustainability-at-ifc/publications/publications_gpn_escontractormanagement

http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/topics_ext_content/ifc_external_corporate_site/sustainability-at-ifc/publications/publications_gpn_escontractormanagement


Page vii The SDEA/Bluepebble JV Partnership

12. REA ensure that the appointed Contractor put in place and effectively implement an Alien

Invasive Species Eradication Plan, as part of implementing the ESMP. Action towards the

eradication of such exotic species and weeds can be done in consultation with the relevant

officials at NARO;

13. Selection of approved locations for material storage yards and construction yards away from

wetland and low-lying areas, as well as away from other sensitive environmental areas, must be

ensured;

14. Continued sensitisation of the affected community must be done, together with planning with

local political and civil authorities and involving District Environment Officers and Community

Development Offices;

15. Liaison with all relevant authorities, for example the National Forest Authority (NFA) and

Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA) for protected tree species and if any wildlife is encountered;

16. The project should at all times ensure health and safety for both workers and the public, during

all stages of the project; and

17. REA will need to work extensively and more regularly with local leaders, to help sensitise the

general public to better manage local community expectations regarding compensation for loss

of crops, woodlots and/or property in accordance with the approved RAP, National laws as well

as World Bank Operational Policy OP 4.12..

Page viii The SDEA/Bluepebble JV Partnership

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................................................................................. xii

GLOSSARY .............................................................................................................................................................................. xiv

1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.1. Project Background and Purpose ................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.2. Safeguard Lessons Learnt from the ERT II ...................................................................................................... 1-2

1.3. Project Summary .............................................................................................................................................. 1-3

1.4. Purpose of the ESIA .......................................................................................................................................... 1-3

1.5. Objectives of the ESIA ...................................................................................................................................... 1-4

1.6. Scope of the ESIA .............................................................................................................................................. 1-5

1.7. Risks, Assumptions, Uncertainties and Limitations ....................................................................................... 1-5

1.8. Structure of the ESIA Report ........................................................................................................................... 1-6

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................................................... 2-1

2.1. Location ............................................................................................................................................................. 2-1

2.2. Area of Influence .............................................................................................................................................. 2-1

2.3. Project Categorisation...................................................................................................................................... 2-2

2.4. Project Justification .......................................................................................................................................... 2-2

2.5. Proposed Activities ........................................................................................................................................... 2-3

2.6. Project Specifications: Design Phase .............................................................................................................. 2-7

2.7. Project Specifications: Construction Phase .................................................................................................... 2-9

2.8. Project Specifications: Operation and Maintenance Phase ......................................................................... 2-9

2.9. Project Specifications: Decommissioning Phase ......................................................................................... 2-10

3. PROJECT ALTERNATIVES ....................................................................................................................................... 3-1

3.1. Identification of Alternatives ........................................................................................................................... 3-1

3.2. Analysis of Alternatives .................................................................................................................................... 3-2

3.3. Consideration of Viable Alternatives .............................................................................................................. 3-3

4. ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY............................................................................................................................. 4-1

4.1. Environmental Screening ................................................................................................................................. 4-1

4.2. Literature Review ............................................................................................................................................. 4-1

4.3. Stakeholder Engagement ................................................................................................................................ 4-2

4.4. Fieldwork ........................................................................................................................................................... 4-2

4.5. Data Analysis ..................................................................................................................................................... 4-4

4.6. Specialist Inputs ................................................................................................................................................ 4-4

4.7. Baseline Assessment ........................................................................................................................................ 4-4

4.8. Impact Assessment .......................................................................................................................................... 4-5

4.9. Impact Management........................................................................................................................................ 4-7

4.10. Peer Review .................................................................................................................................................. 4-7

5. POLICY, LEGISLATIVE AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ................................................................................ 5-1

5.1. International Policy Framework ...................................................................................................................... 5-1

5.2. National Policy Framework .............................................................................................................................. 5-3

5.3. National Legislative Framework ...................................................................................................................... 5-6

5.4. Institutional Framework ................................................................................................................................ 5-10

6. STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT ............................................................................................................................. 6-1

6.1. Stakeholder Engagement Plan ........................................................................................................................ 6-1

6.2. Stakeholder Meetings ...................................................................................................................................... 6-1

Page ix The SDEA/Bluepebble JV Partnership

6.3. Key Stakeholder Comments ............................................................................................................................ 6-4

6.4. Disclosure of the ESIA Report .......................................................................................................................... 6-8

7. BASELINE ASSESSMENT ........................................................................................................................................ 7-1

7.1. Environmental Baseline for Lot 7 (Mubende, Kibaale and Kagadi Districts) .............................................. 7-1

7.2. Social Baseline for Lot 7 (Mubende, Kibaale and Kagadi Districts) ............................................................ 7-11

7.3. Environmental Baseline for Lot 8 (Kamwenge District) .............................................................................. 7-23

7.4. Social Baseline for Lot 8 (Kamwenge District) ............................................................................................. 7-30

7.5. Social Risks ...................................................................................................................................................... 7-37

8. IMPACT ASSESSMENT ........................................................................................................................................... 8-1

8.1. Impact Determination ...................................................................................................................................... 8-1

8.2. Impact Assessment Results for Lot 7 and Lot 8 ............................................................................................. 8-3

8.3. Impact Analysis for Project Site ....................................................................................................................... 8-5

8.4. Comparative Assessment of Alternatives .................................................................................................... 8-33

8.5. Impact Summary ............................................................................................................................................ 8-34

8.6. Cumulative Impacts ........................................................................................................................................ 8-35

8.7. Mitigation Measures ...................................................................................................................................... 8-36

9. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) ........................................................................ 9-1

9.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 9-1

9.2. Purpose of the ESMP ....................................................................................................................................... 9-1

9.3. Adaptable Response......................................................................................................................................... 9-2

9.4. Roles and Responsibilities................................................................................................................................ 9-2

9.5. Physical Cultural Resource (PCR) Chance Finds Procedure .......................................................................... 9-8

9.6. Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) ........................................................................................................... 9-9

9.7. Implementing the ESMP ................................................................................................................................ 9-10

9.8. Environmental and Social Monitoring Mechanism ..................................................................................... 9-19

9.9. Penalties for Non-Compliance ...................................................................................................................... 9-31

9.10. E&S Action Plans and Method Statements ............................................................................................. 9-32

10. DESIGN GUIDELINES ............................................................................................................................................ 10-1

10.1. General Principles ...................................................................................................................................... 10-1

10.2. Notes for Final Design ............................................................................................................................... 10-2

10.3. Note on Spatial Accuracy .......................................................................................................................... 10-4

11. CONCLUSION ....................................................................................................................................................... 11-1

12. RECOMMENDATIONS ......................................................................................................................................... 12-1

13. REFERENCES......................................................................................................................................................... 13-1

14. APPENDICES ......................................................................................................................................................... 14-1

3. Stakeholder Meeting Minutes ......................................................................................................................... 14-12

A summary of the fieldwork conducted is detailed below: .................................................................................... 14-50

1. Species Lists............................................................................................................................................................. 14-92

Page x The SDEA/Bluepebble JV Partnership

APPENDICES

Appendix A Stakeholder Consultations ................................................................................................................... 14-1

Appendix B Fieldwork Summary ............................................................................................................................ 14-50

Appendix C Photographs ........................................................................................................................................ 14-52

Appendix D Mapping ............................................................................................................................................... 14-58

Appendix E Technical Documentation .................................................................................................................. 14-91

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1-1 Project Details .............................................................................................................................................. 1-3

Table 1-2 Description of REA ESIA Package 3: Lots 7 & 8 ......................................................................................... 1-5

Table 2-1 Population Density across Mubende, Kibaale, Kagadi & Kamwenge Districts ...................................... 2-1

Table 2-2 Facilities Benefiting from the Project. ....................................................................................................... 2-3

Table 2-3 Material Specifications ................................................................................................................................ 2-8

Table 3-1 Alternatives Identified ................................................................................................................................. 3-1

Table 3-2 Analysis of Alternatives ............................................................................................................................... 3-2

Table 4-1 Numbers of Stakeholders Consulted ......................................................................................................... 4-2

Table 4-2 Rating the Significance of the Impact ........................................................................................................ 4-5

Table 4-3 Assessing the Significance of the Impact ................................................................................................... 4-6

Table 4-4 Nature and Confidence Determination ..................................................................................................... 4-6

Table 5-1 International Protocol and Conventions ................................................................................................... 5-1

Table 5-2 World Bank Environmental, Health and Safety Safeguard Policies ........................................................ 5-2

Table 5-3 National Policy Framework ......................................................................................................................... 5-3

Table 5-4 National Legislative Framework ................................................................................................................. 5-6

Table 5-5 Institutional Mandate and Responsibilities ............................................................................................. 5-10

Table 6-1 Stakeholder Engagement Plan ................................................................................................................... 6-1

Table 6-2 Key Stakeholder Issues ................................................................................................................................ 6-4

Table 7-1 Lot 7 Vegetation Formation ........................................................................................................................ 7-3

Table 7-2 Lot 7 Bird Count ........................................................................................................................................... 7-4

Table 7-3 X and Y Co-ordinates for Wetland Areas crossed in Lot 7 ....................................................................... 7-6

Table 7-4 Protected Areas crossed in Lot 7 ............................................................................................................... 7-7

Table 7-5 Location Points for Private Woodlots crossed in Lot 7 .......................................................................... 7-10

Table 7-9 Project Counties and Sub-Counties crossed in Lot 7 .............................................................................. 7-11

Table 7-10 Health Units in Kibaale District ............................................................................................................ 7-18

Table 7-11 Lot 8 Vegetation Formation ................................................................................................................. 7-24

Table 7-12 Lot 8 Bird Count .................................................................................................................................... 7-26

Table 7-13 X and Y Co-ordinates for Wetland Areas crossed in Lot 8 ................................................................ 7-27

Table 7-14 Location Points for Private Woodlots crossed in Lot 8 ..................................................................... 7-29

Table 7-16 Project Counties and Sub-Counties crossed in Lot 8 ......................................................................... 7-30

Table 8-1 Impact Framework ...................................................................................................................................... 8-1

Table 8-2 Lot 7 Impact Significance using Rating Criteria ......................................................................................... 8-3

Table 8-3 Lot 8 Impact Significance using Rating Criteria ......................................................................................... 8-4

Table 8-4 Comparative Assessment of Alternatives, also ‘With Mitigation’ ......................................................... 8-33

Table 9-1 Environmental and Social Management Plan: Mitigation and Costing Schedule ............................... 9-11

Table 9-2 Monitoring Framework for the ESMP ..................................................................................................... 9-20

Table 10-1 Lot 7 Route Design Notes and Location Points .................................................................................. 10-2

Table 10-2 Lot 8 Route Design Notes and Location Points .................................................................................. 10-3

Page xi The SDEA/Bluepebble JV Partnership

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1 The 33kV link into the national grid at Ngangi, Kibaale District. ............................................................................ 1-1

Figure 2-1 Project Location .......................................................................................................................................................... 2-4

Figure 2-2 Project Site: Lot 7 ........................................................................................................................................................ 2-5

Figure 2-3 Project Site: Lot 8 ........................................................................................................................................................ 2-6

Figure 4-1 ESIA Process ................................................................................................................................................................ 4-1

Figure 6-1 District Level Meetings held to consult with stakeholders (Kamwenge, Lot 8). .................................................. 6-2

Figure 6-2 Meeting with Nkoma Sub-County and Rwamwanja Refugee Resettlement Officials, 11 July 2017. ................ 6-3

Figure 6-3 Team consults with PAPs under a mango tree (Kisalizi TC in Lot 7), 13 July 2017. .............................................. 6-4

Figure 7-1 Granite outcrops a common landscape feature in several parts of Lot 7 (Mubende and Kibaale Districts) .... 7-2

Figure 7-2 Remnant native trees, like Senna spectabilis, and forest patches must be retained. ......................................... 7-3

Figure 7-3 Wetlands Areas, typically featuring Papyrus, occur along the route. ................................................................... 7-7

Figure 7-4 Medium-sized Wetland Areas in Lot 7 (Mubende, Kibaale and Kagadi Districts) ................................................ 7-9

Figure 7-5 Livestock and crop farming activities (north of Mubende Town, Mubende District). ...................................... 7-12

Figure 7-6 Rural roads provide essential access to the population (Lwebyayi TC in Lot 7). ................................................ 7-17

Figure 7-7 Thirty (30) schools are along the proposed project route (St. Andrea Primary School, Mugoiia TC, Kagadi

District). ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7-21

Figure 7-8 Medium-sized Wetland Areas in Lot 8 (Kamwenge District) ............................................................................... 7-28

Figure 7-9 Rural homestead (north of Bwizi, Kamwenge District). ....................................................................................... 7-31

Figure 7-10 Trading centres, like Rwamwanja Trading Centre (Kamwenge District) feature on the proposed route. ...... 7-33

Figure 7-11 Maize grinding facility powered by diesel generators (Lyakahungu TC – Lot 8). ............................................... 7-33

Page xii The SDEA/Bluepebble JV Partnership

ACRONYMS

CBO Community-based Organisation

CCA Copper-Chrome-Arsenic

CDO Community Development Officer

DDP District Development Plan

DEO District Environmental Officer

EHS Environment, Health and Safety

E&S Environmental and Social

EO Environmental Officer

ERA Electricity Regulatory Authority

ERT Energy for Rural Transformation

ERTIII Energy for Rural Transformation Phase III

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment

ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan

GBV Gender-based Violence

GHG Green House Gas

GIS Geographical Information System

GPS Global Positioning System

GRC Grievance Redress Committee

GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism

GRS Grievance Redress System

Ha Hectares

HC Health Centre

IFC International Finance Corporation

km Kilometres

kV Kilovolt

LGRC Local Grievance Redress Committee

LV Low Voltage

m Metres

MLH&UD Ministry of Lands, Housing and Urban Development

MW&E Ministry of Water and Environment

MV Medium Voltage

NARO National Agricultural Research Organisation

NEMA National Environment Management Authority

NFA National Forest Authority

NGO Non-governmental Organisation

OHS Occupational Health and Safety

OVC Orphans and Vulnerable children

PAP Project Affected Person

PCB Polychlorinated Biphenyl

PCR Physical Cultural Resource

PS Primary School

RAP Resettlement Action Plan

Page xiii The SDEA/Bluepebble JV Partnership

PWD Person with Disability

REA Rural Electrification Agency

RoW Right-of-way

Sp. Species

SS Secondary School

TC Trading Centre

UBOS Uganda Bureau of Standards

UEDCL Uganda Electricity Distribution Company Limited

UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

UNCCD United Nations Framework Convention to Combat Desertification

UNRA Uganda National Roads Authority

UWA Uganda Wildlife Authority

WMD Wetlands Management Department

Page xiv The SDEA/Bluepebble JV Partnership

GLOSSARY

Environmental Feature: Sensitive ecological feature within the Project Site, like wetland areas and

remaining natural forest and riparian habitat.

Fragile Ecosystem: Local environment that is sensitive to changes in the environmental conditions,

like wetland areas specifically.

Ground-truth: to check the design on the site and make sure the design interacts with site

sensitivities on the ground, as intended in the design.

Medium-size Wetland: Wetland area that is crossed by the proposed distribution line, for a distance

more than 200m, being the maximum length of the span between supporting pole structures.

Preliminary Route Designs: Route done during the feasibility study, with accuracy of approximately

5m and within the limitations of the handheld GPS device survey used for design.

Project Area: The broader area around the Project Site, which provides the general context for the

implementation of the project.

Project Site: The area falling into the right-of-way (RoW) for the proposed distribution lines,

including an additional area required to establish and maintain the infrastructure.

Remnant Forest: Remaining trees and groups of trees providing habitat. These will typically include

dryland species, as well as riparian species, depending on specific location.

Road Reserve: A total width across the RoW for the road, being 15m from the edge of road reserve

to the opposite edge of the road reserve, for all District roads, forming the Project Site. Smaller

community access tracks have a road reserve measuring a total across as 7.5m.

Social Feature: Sensitive socio-economic feature within the Project Site, like land use for subsistence

living, places of religious importance and social services (schools and health centres, for instance).

1 The SDEA/Bluepebble JV Partnership

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Project Background and Purpose

Much of Uganda’s rural population remains severely limited in terms of access to the economy, due

to a lack of access to reliable and affordable electricity3. Uganda’s Vision 2040 policy supports the

modernisation of the nation. Such national development requires increased access to electricity to

drive rural development and stimulate local economic development across all sectors of the rural

economy; improve access to health facilities and schools, as well as stimulate economic growth in

rural trading centres (TCs).

The Energy for Rural Transformation (ERT) Project, which is funded by the World Bank, forms part

of Uganda’s Rural Electrification Programme. The primary Development Objective of the project is

to increase access to energy in the rural areas of Uganda. Phase III of ERT proposes the extension

of the national electricity grid by approximately 1,280km, of which this Environmental and Social

Impact Assessment (ESIA) considers the extension of 222km of medium voltage (MV, also referred

to as 33kV) distribution lines, as well as the construction of related low voltage (LV, also referred to

as 11kV) lines in parts of Mubende, Kibaale, Kagadi and Kamwenge Districts.

Figure 1-1 The 33kV link into the national grid at Ngangi, Kibaale District.

3 The message from the recent PowerGen Africa Conference held in Johannesburg (South Africa), is for African nations to look at

both ‘centralised’ and ‘decentralised’ options to increase access to electricity, with emphasis placed on the fact that access to electricity needs to be radically changed to promote growth and development in Africa (Engineering News, 20 July 2017).


The Government, through the Rural Electrification Agency (REA), under the Ministry of Energy and

Mineral Development has applied part of the funds for the ERT project to resource the 5 contracts

‘Consultancy Services for the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) for the Proposed

Construction of Rural Electrification Projects’ for the proposed extension of the rural electricity

distribution grid through considering 5 Packages. This report deals specifically with Package 3 that

covers parts of the 4 Districts of Mubende, Kibaale, Kagadi and Kamwenge.

During the feasibility phase of the ERT III project, the Rural Electrification Agency (REA) conducted

Environmental Screening, from which it was concluded that a partial assessment would suffice for

the assessment of project related environmental and social impacts. The output of this assessment

is to compile a single assessment report for Package 3 (including both Lots 7 and 8).

1.2. Safeguard Lessons Learnt from the ERT II

The review of the ERT II ESMF has revealed areas in the document to be lacking and requiring

further focus in ERT III (REA. 2014.). These lessons learnt, as detailed in the ESMF for ERT III,

include:

a) Inadequate coverage of Physical Cultural Resources (PCRs);

b) Lack of effective and functional Grievance Redress Mechanism;

c) Limited coverage of preliminary baseline data;

d) Implementation of the Environmental and Social Safeguards;

e) Integration of Mitigation Measures into the Project Designs;

f) Monitoring of Safeguards; and

g) Mechanism for tracking environmental and social compliance.

Further challenges experienced in ERTII, include the following:

a) Challenges involving stakeholders in compliance monitoring;

b) Lack of environmental specialists in Contractor teams;

c) Valuation challenges between what landowners and valuers consider the value of the land;

d) Concerns over compensation rates and security of the payments; and

e) Cutting of Old and Mature Roadside Trees.

These lessons are addressed in this study, where applicable, to strengthen the implementation of

environmental and social safeguards, thus enhancing positive impacts and reducing negative

impacts resulting from the proposed project.


1.3. Project Summary

Brief details on the proposed project are included in Table 1-1. The proposed routes are illustrated

in the mapping in Figures 2-1 to 2-3, as well as further mapping outputs (refer to Appendix D).

Table 1-1 Project Details

No. Item Description

1. Proponent Rural Electrification Agency (REA)

Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development

P. O. Box 7317, Kampala, Uganda

2. Project Name4 Lot 7: Mubende – Kyabayanja – Ngangi with tee-off Kahirimbara, Kibaale – Kikwaya &

Karuguza SS, Kikonge, Buronzi, Katete, Nyamarunda, Kitoro & Kabale PS

Lot 8: Kiyagara – Bwizi, Biguri – Ntonwa, Ntara – Bwensamba; Kampala B, Kasisi, Malere COU & TC, Kabeshekere, Benga, Kyakeitaba, Muhungu & Ntonwa

3. Project Location Lot 7: Mubende/Kibaale/Kagadi Districts

Lot 8: Kamwenge District

4. Project Length5

(approximate)

Lot 7: 33kV = 127.5km; Lot 7: LV = 94.6km

Lot 8: 33kV = 96.3km; Lot 8: LV = 41.2km

5. Area of Direct Influence

Area within 5km: 2,238km2; Total Area of 4 Districts: 12,759km

2

1.4. Purpose of the ESIA

The National Environment Act (Section 19 (1)) provides clear guidelines for project developers, as

described in the Third Schedule of the Act, to prepare and submit to NEMA, an ESIA in the form of a

Project Brief, with information on potential impacts of the proposed project on the environment

and mitigation measures for the identified impacts.

In this regard, the purpose of this ESIA is to provide the necessary information on the proposed

project to guide NEMA and REA. The ESMP provides guidelines for the proposed project for it to be

implemented in an environmentally sound manner, consistent with established environmental

regulations. This ESIA Report also proposes mitigation measures to potential impacts that have

been identified, which are required during implementation of the proposed project.

4 It must be noted at this point of the document that the spelling of location names, as sourced locally during the fieldwork,

differ from those presented in Table 1-1. The local names are used in the remainder of this document, with the differing and corrected spellings detailed in Table 1-2 onwards. 5 The lengths presented here are sourced from the GIS work for this study and compare relatively well with the lengths detailed

in the ESIA contract document.


1.5. Objectives of the ESIA

The specific objectives of the ESIA are to provide, inter alia:

a) A description and analysis of the prevailing environmental and social baseline of the Project Area

and, paying special attention to the existing land uses, as well as fragile ecosystems and

environmentally important areas, which include wetlands, forests and protected areas, in

cognisance of applicable Safeguard Policies of the World Bank;

b) A review of policy, legal and institutional framework for the project, including the gender, HIV/AIDS

and other policies and regulations, in particular, providing a summary of important policies,

legislation, regulations and guidelines that are likely to be applicable to the project, as well as World

Bank Safeguard Policies that have been triggered by the ERT III project, including World Bank

Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission and Distribution;

c) Consideration and documentation of inputs, concerns and suggestions of key stakeholders

regarding the identification, analysis, assessment and mitigation of the potential environmental and

social impacts of the proposed project through public consultations with relevant Government

Ministries, NGOs, community leaders and Project Affected Parties (PAPs);

d) Assessment of the direct and indirect environmental and social impacts of the planned project

activities and paying special attention to direct and indirect gender impacts (access, utilisation and

reducing the gender poverty gap) of the proposed project activities, as per the Ministry of

Energy/REA Gender Policy;

e) Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) detailing mitigation measures for addressing

the identified potential negative environmental and social impacts of the project and their timing vis

a vis the construction and operational phases of the project; and

f) Monitoring plan with clear monitoring indicators, budget estimates and institutional roles for

tracking the implementation of and compliance with the proposed mitigation environmental

and social measures.


1.6. Scope of the ESIA

The scope of the ESIA for package 3 covers the extension of 222km of electricity distribution lines

with the proposed routes detailed in Table 1-2 below. The proposed routes are also illustrated in

Figures 2-1 to 2-3.

Table 1-2 Description6 of REA ESIA Package 3: Lots 7 & 8

Lot Project Name Length (km)

Host District/s

7 Mubende – Kyabayanga – Ngangi with tee-off Kahirimbara, Kibaale – Kikwaya & Karuguza SS, Kibonge, Buronzi, Katete, Nyamarunda, Kitoro & Kabale Pri Sch

134 Mubende/

Kibaale/Kagadi

8 Kiyagara – Bwizi, Biguri – Ntonwa, Ntara – Bwensamba

Kampala B, Kasisi, Malere COU & TC, Kabeshekere, Benga, Kyakeitaba, Muhungu & Tonwa

87.5 Kamwenge

The ESIA is based on preliminary designs received from REA, providing results from the assessment

of environmental and social impacts of the project. Recommendations are presented in the design

guidelines for integration into the final design stage. Guidelines are also provided for further project

phases in the ESMP implementation schedule, including the construction, operation (including

maintenance) and decommissioning phases of the proposed project.

This ESIA has been prepared in line with the Environmental and Social Management Framework

(ESMF) for Phase III of the ERT Project, as well as the National Environment Act Cap 153 and the

National Environment (Impact Assessment) Regulations, 1998. This document further includes

consideration of the World Bank Environmental and Social Guidelines on environmental and social

safeguards, the National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) EIA Guidelines and more

specifically the NEMA Energy Sector EIA Guidelines. This document provides NEMA with sufficient

information to consider the approval of the environmental and social aspects of the project, as well

as guidance to REA on how to finally design and implement the project in full compliance with the

ESMP, to improve project performance related to sustainability.

The range of impacts identified and assessed are based on information gathered and perspectives

developed during literature review, stakeholder consultation, field data collection and analysis. The

results have been reported upon by an international team of experts, including environmental

management, engineering, sociological, GIS, land use and ecological expertise. The work has been

conducted in Kampala and in the field, with technical and GIS support provided from South Africa.

1.7. Risks, Assumptions, Uncertainties and Limitations

a) Risks

Risks identified for the proposed project include the vulnerability and sensitivity within the local

community relating to negative social and cultural impacts, as well as risks related to Alien

Invasive Species.

b) Assumptions

6 Sourced from the Terms of Reference for this study, including the additional Lot 8 description, being ‘Kampala B through to

Tonwa’, as received during the study in July 2017. Place names sourced from the field are used for the remainder of this report.


The construction of the proposed distribution lines is proposed mostly within the road reserve.

It is thus assumed that no additional access roads will be constructed for construction and/or

maintenance, resulting in no further impacts related to the construction and use of such access

roads, like the removal of vegetation, the loss of croplands and soil erosion, for instance.

c) Spatial accuracy

The level of accuracy of the preliminary designs vary between Lot 7 and Lot 8. In Lot 7 the line

route has been designed to fall within the road reserve and this is clearly depicted in the design

drawings where the alignment of the planned electricity lines and road are well matched. This is

however not the case in Lot 8, where the proposed electricity line does not align very well with

the road alignment. It seems that the route designs for Lot 7 and 8 are based on different

design parameters, as in Lot 8 it is apparent that there are significant deviations from the road

reserve for a large part of the Lot. The specific reason for this remains uncertain. Site inspection

has revealed no valid reason to deviate from the road reserve. The only reason that can be

fathomed at this stage is that the design for Lot 7 and 8 was conducted at different design

scales. Furthermore, from communication with designers, it seems evident that a handheld GPS

device was used to survey the proposed route. Pole positions have thus not been specifically

located on the site. The level of accuracy in the position of the route and poles is thus accurate

within a range of approximately 5 to 10m, and in cases more, depending on the GPS device and

survey method used, which remains unknown.

1.8. Structure of the ESIA Report

This ESIA Report is structured through introducing the project (Section 1), followed by a description

of the proposed project (Section 2). The impact assessment methodology used, as well as the

policy, legislative and institutional context are described in Sections 3 and 4 respectively.

Stakeholder inputs are presented and summarised in Section 6, with the baseline context detailed

in Section 7. The environmental and social impacts are identified and assessed across alternatives in

Section 8, with mitigation measures listed and included into the Environmental and Social

Management Plan (ESMP) in Section 9. Sections 10 and 11 detail conclusions and

recommendations emerging from the assessment. References are listed in Section 12, with all

supporting documents included into the appendices.


2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1. Location

The proposed project is located in the central and western regions of Uganda, as illustrated in

Figure 2-1. The Project Site is defined to include both Lot 7 and Lot 8. Lot 7 is located in Mubende,

Kibaale and Kagadi Districts. Lot 8 is located in Kamwenge District.

More specifically, the Project Site is located mostly within the road reserves along the designated

route, where the road reserve measures 15m from centre line of the road to the edge of the road

reserve. The right-of-way (RoW) for the MV lines is typically 10m wide (5m to each side of the

route), where the space allows, typically narrowing in villages and towns where buildings create

spatial limitations. The RoW for LV lines is typically 5m wide (2.5m to each side of the route). In

cases where the route crosses forested areas, the RoW can extend to as much as 20m, depending

on the height of adjacent trees; the aim being that if a tree falls, that it does not fall and damage

the infrastructure.

The proposed routes for Lots 7 and 8 are illustrated in more detail in Figures 2-1 and 2-3

respectively. Strip maps have been compiled at a scale of 1:25,000 for the entire Project Site and

are included in Appendix D. These strip maps show how the proposed infrastructure interacts with

sensitive environmental and social features, including settlements, woodlots, wetlands, remnant

forest, protected areas and sites of cultural/spiritual importance.

2.2. Area of Influence

The entire project and working footprint required for the construction of the infrastructure forms

the direct impact area for the project, and falls well within the 100m or even 50m offset mark from

the road centre and running parallel. Construction and material storage yards must be located in

larger urban areas, with providing social mitigation measures contained within the ESMP. Broader

direct impacts must be further considered, so the direct area of influence for the project is

considered as the Project Area and falls within 5km of the powerline itself. With a directly affected

area of 5km from the proposed distribution line route, measuring 2,238km2, this project directly

influences various activities currently underway on the site. Table 2-1 shows the population density

in each of the 4 Districts.

Table 2-1 Population Density across Mubende, Kibaale, Kagadi & Kamwenge Districts

District Mubende Kibaale Kagadi Kamwenge

Population Density

121 people/km2 180 people/km

2 225 people/km

2 177 people/km

2

Taking the average population density for the 4 Districts it is estimated that the project will

influence land use and livelihood activities of approximately between 300,000 and 400,000 people.

With population growth at 3.6% (Lot 7) and 2.8 % (Lot 8), the annual population growth rate of 3.3

% in Uganda remains one of the highest in the world, placing an ever-increasing demand on the

provision of social services, the need to keep stimulating the local economy and placing ever-

increasing pressure and value on natural resources.


2.3. Project Categorisation

The intention is for the proposed distribution lines to be placed mostly within the existing road

reserves. Investigations in the field show that the road reserves are largely and significantly

transformed from the natural state. From a land use and land tenure point of view, land take is

significant. This project does not involve land take. The proposed infrastructure can in the final

design stage be planned within the road reserve and be placed to mostly avoid existing facilities and

sensitive features, as far as is possible.

Since the likely environmental and social impacts resulting from the project are readily identified

and can be effectively mitigated and managed, the project has, through prior environmental

screening, been considered a World Bank Category B7 project. The type of project proposed is not

specifically listed in Schedule 3 of the National Environment Act (Cap 153), which lists transmission

lines only. The project can also be considered under Item 1: ‘General (a) an activity out of character

with its surroundings, and/or (b) any structure of a scale not in keeping with its surroundings’. The

proposed project thus requires Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). Through scoping and

evaluation REA has commissioned the preparation of a partial assessment (Project Brief) as

sufficient to identify and address project impacts and show how to enhance positive impacts and

avoid/reduce significant negative impacts.

2.4. Project Justification

The justification for the project elaborates on the need and desirability for the project. Vision 2040

and the National Development Plan II directs the provision of basic services to rural areas, one of

which is access to electricity. The objective of the ERT Project is to deliver electricity to rural areas,

to stimulate local economic development and transform rural areas into modern communities. REA

is charged with this task of delivering electricity distribution infrastructure, keeping clear focus on

project sustainability. The key driver towards supporting local socio-economic growth is providing

access to basic services, including electricity. Access to grid electricity is required in rural trading

centres, in which businesses that operate require higher loads than what can be achieved by

localised solar systems, for instance. Various development objectives are caste in the District

Development Plans (DDPs) of Kagadi, Kibaale and Kamwenge Districts have recently been revised

and published in 2017, whilst the Mubende DDP was published in 2015.

The Uganda Vision 2040 aims to establish a transformed Ugandan society from a peasant to a

modern and prosperous country within 30 years. This vision is further supported through the

National Development Plan II, the national policy steering development towards achieving the

Uganda Vision 2040. A key to achieving such is through generating and supplying reliable and

affordable electricity in Uganda, providing increased access to electricity to Ugandans. This is

achieved, through expanding the national distribution of grid electricity, providing a stable baseload

of electricity to keep a national grid stable and reliable.

The field research conducted revealed that fossil fuel generators were being used for maize milling, milk cooling and high-volume water pumping. The study area also contained a Refugee Settlement at Rwamwanja, with a population of 70,000. This area is the maize basket and supports significant livestock farming. However due to climate change, the area has become water stressed, hence the

7 Refer to ERTIII ESMF (REA. 2014. Page 77) for further background related to the categorisation of the proposed project.


need for water pumping for human consumption and bulk water for farming. The above findings indicating the need for water for production, i.e. water pumping facilities, milk cooling and the Refugee Settlement will be the main commercial driver for the project. Other facilities serviced by the project, include 72 trading centres, 30 schools and 3 health care facilities, included in the preliminary designs and further detailed in Table 2-2.

Table 2-2 Facilities Benefiting from the Project.

Social Facility Lot 7 Lot 8 Total

Trading Centres 43 29 72

Villages 4 5 9

Health Centres 3 0 3

Schools 29 1 30

Religious Facilities 6 3 9

Government Offices 3 0 3

Prisons 2 0 2

The proposed project for which the ESIA is conducted considers the extension of electricity distribution lines into rural areas, falling under Component 1 of the ERT Project. Scoping and evaluation has established that a partial assessment (Project Brief) will suffice for this World Bank Category B activity. It is thus clear that for Uganda to develop properly, increased access to electricity is essential.

2.5. Proposed Activities

The proposed extension of the electricity distribution network in Lot 7 and 8 involves the

construction of 33kV lines by approximately 222km, together with associated LV lines. This will

involve the following specific project activities:

a) Erecting medium voltage (33kV) overhead electricity line support structures, using wooden pole

structures and pole-mounted transformers, conductors and accessories;

b) Clearing of the right-of-way (RoW), 5 – 10m for medium voltage and low voltage lines;

c) Erecting low voltage reticulation lines to bring supply points close to potential consumers; and

d) Construction of temporary construction yards and storage facilities for project materials during

the construction phase.

Figures 2-1 to 2-3 illustrate the geographical location and extent of the proposed project.


Figure 2-1 Project Location


Figure 2-2 Project Site: Lot 7


Figure 2-3 Project Site: Lot 8


2.6. Project Specifications: Design Phase

Project specifications for the ‘preferred option’, as proposed by REA for the design phase, are

detailed below:

a) At this stage, preliminary designs have been completed by REA. These include the proposed

route to be followed, the start, end and intersection points8 of both the 33kV and LV lines, as

well as the proposed locations for transformers. The drawings have been prepared through

making use of a handheld GPS device to survey the route, with the aim of determining a

proposed line route without detailed location of pole positions9;

b) The final designs need to respond to various factors, including cost effective routing,

environmental features and social sensitivities. The final design intends to locate the lines

mostly within the road reserve (15m to each side of the centreline of the road), except where it

is necessary to deviate from the road reserve;

c) Typically, the 10m wide RoW or corridor will remain as is where vegetation is approximately

2.5m or lower. Many crops will thus be retained. Only taller trees along the final route need to

be cleared, where such is unavoidable; typically, 5m to each side of the centre line. For LV lines,

the RoW is typically 5m, 2.5m to each side of the centre line. In cases where the route crosses

forested areas, the RoW can extend to as much as 20m, depending on the height of adjacent

trees; the aim being that if any tree falls, that it does not fall and damage the lines or poles; in

other words, all trees within falling distance of poles and overhead conductors need to be cut

down or trimmed accordingly. This RoW will also require the maintenance and trimming of

native and exotic vegetation, as necessary;

d) LV lines are in many cases designed to be positioned on the MV line support structure, yet can

in cases also de distributed on a single pole structure; and

e) Specific location of the support structure (poles) has not been conducted at the preliminary

stage and the final route and pole location points will need to be finalised in the final design

stage.

8 Refer to Appendix E for the co-ordinates of the proposed start, end and intersection points related to the preliminary route

designs. 9 Information was gathered from the consultants appointed to conduct the infrastructure design. Pers. Comm. Alex Wanume.

21 July 2017. NEWPLAN Limited; Pers. Comm. Simpson Tukamushaba. 01 August 2017. Independent Consultant.


Table 2-3 Material Specifications

No. Component Description

1. Support Structure

MV or 33kV Line

The 33kV line support structure will be constructed using 12m high wooden poles, creosote or copper-chrome-arsenic (CCA) treated, with an average span of 100m between support structures, with 200m spans across wetland areas. The final pole height will be 10m. A minimum conductor clearance of 6.0m from ground or water level must be observed. H-type structures with poles 2.0m apart will be installed at least every 1.5km and be supported with a 4-stay set. At angles, greater than 30 degrees the stay wires shall be installed at 45 degrees to the pole. Steel wire (7/4.00) stay sets will be installed at angles, T-offs and terminal structures stays are anchored with stay blocks buried at 2.0m, consisting of a creosote treated wooden pole of 1.0m length or a 0.3m cube concrete block.

2. MV Pole Foundation

The foundation for the wooden poles will consist of 0.35m diameter and 2.0m deep hole. In wetland areas, standard gravel will be used as the pole foundation. In exceptional circumstances soil filled metallic drums can be used. Concrete structures can be used to reinforce foundations, as required.

3. Support Structure

LV Line

The LV line support structure will be constructed using a 9m high wooden pole, creosote treated, with an average span of 50m between support structures. A recommended conductor clearance of 6.0m from ground or water level must be observed, although less clearance heights can also be approved. Steel wire (7/2.64) stay sets will be installed at angles, T-offs and terminal structures and anchored with stay blocks buried at 1.6m, consisting of a creosote treated wooden pole of 1.0m length or a 0.3m cube concrete block.

4. LV Pole Foundation The foundation for the wooden poles will consist of 0.6m diameter and 1.6m deep hole. In wetland areas, standard gravel will be used as the pole foundation. In exceptional circumstances soil filled metallic drums can be used. Concrete structures can be used to reinforce foundations, as required.

5. Conductor Aluminium Conductor Steel Reinforced conductors of 100mm2, with a rated

carrying capacity of 300 amps will be used for most of the lines. The LV lines and minor taps will use 50mm

2 conductors with a rated carrying capacity of 200 amps.

Stringing will be done using conventional methods and the conductors will be pulled and tensioned on the guyed structures, using pull lifts.

6. Transformers Transformers (25KVA, 50KVA or 100KVA, depending on load) will be positioned at load centres and function as substations to step down the voltage from 33kV to 415V 3-phase or 240V single-phase, to supply electricity to consumers. Most consumers will require single-phase, yet some may require 3-phase. Transformers are made of a steel tank with copper coils immersed in mineral oil contained within the tank (no oils are used containing Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB).

7. Line Hardware X-arms, insulators, fastenings and fittings will be used, as per REA specifications.

8. Service Drops The residential service drops will be between 15 and 30m in length with a maximum length of 40 meters, and will mostly be of 16mm

2 copper duplex

(#6 AWG). All residential energy meters will be prepaid. Service drops to larger, industrial type customers will use larger conductors, such as 50mm

2 or 25mm

2, as

needed.

9. Waste Material Construction waste includes both solid and liquid waste products. Solid waste includes the remaining construction materials like plastic packaging and binding from construction materials, fuels and oils used for construction activities, remaining conductor wires and excavated spoil material from the pole holes.


2.7. Project Specifications: Construction Phase

Project specifications for the ‘preferred option’, as proposed by REA for the construction phase, are

detailed below, with the materials specified in Table 2-3. Further environmental specifications for

the construction phase include:

a) The removal of vegetation, especially crops and native plant species, within the RoW should be

avoided at all costs, as to avoid further rehabilitation costs;

b) The construction shall be carried out by a Contractor and where necessary, assisted by sub-

contractors. The human resource shall consist of approximately 20 skilled personnel and

20 casual labourers. The main Contractor shall arrange for equipment and materials storage

areas, preferably within the Project Site. Skilled and other construction workers not from the

area will reside in existing towns, where storage yards are located. The casual workers will be

hired from the respective Project Area and will be staying there already. Skilled workers who

may not be from the Project Area are expected to reside with residents in larger towns in the

area;

c) Pole hole digging up to 2.0m will be done manually, with pneumatic hammers being used

where hard rock will be encountered. In water-logged areas and small river crossings, bucket

excavators will be used, with excavations covering small areas of 2 – 3m2 at most;

d) The distribution system will be energised at 33kV up to transformer sub stations. Distribution

will be done by 3-phase to the maximum radius of 800m from the transformer. In the unlikely

event that a single-phase supply is connected, this will occur through 2 conductors, phase and

neutral return. However, with the ABC reticulation system planned single phase connections

should be avoided as they lead to phase balancing issues; and e) Excess and waste material shall be removed from the RoW and disposed of to appropriate and

designated disposal areas. All construction yards will be decommissioned.

2.8. Project Specifications: Operation and Maintenance Phase

The operation of the 33kV line is fully automated. The system will be equipped with several devices,

such as auto reclosers to turn off power when a fault occurs on the line in a rain storm, tree

branches falling on the line or whenever a certain pole collapses. The auto reclosers therefore

protect the line from damage and make it safer for the users. The transformers are also equipped

with surge arresters and fused isolators to protect them from voltage surges that can occur during

lightning or switching in the system.

Maintenance of the line will be done routinely every year or as deemed necessary by the system

operator. The activities will include line clearance along the RoW, repairing or replacement of

damaged structures, conductors and cracked or broken insulators. The maintenance will also

include selective tree trimming up to a 5m radius from the pole, depending on the rate of growth.

Weeding around poles will occur for a radius of 1m to protect the poles from bush fires and

creeping vegetation. Emergency maintenance will also be carried out in the case of technical

breakdowns due to faults in the system after severe wind/lighting storms, for instance. This will be

done to assess and replace damaged poles, conductors and/or insulators, as necessary.


2.9. Project Specifications: Decommissioning Phase

It is anticipated that the distribution line facilities will be continuously maintained and repaired, and

will be operated for their 25-year design life-time or more. Because of their long useable life, the

circumstances under which they might ultimately be decommissioned are not foreseen at this

stage. Thus, only a general decommission approach has been considered.

The process of decommissioning will involve the deconstruction of distribution lines in a reverse

order from their construction, using similar equipment and techniques. The conductors and shield

wires will then be lowered to the ground and all cables would be spooled and removed from the

RoW for salvage. Conductors shall either be re-used or taken to steel/aluminium rolling mills for

recycling. Salvaged poles shall either be re-used as fencing poles and/or taken to a NEMA approved

hazardous waste incineration and disposal facility for incineration and disposal.


3. PROJECT ALTERNATIVES

The identification, consideration and analysis of alternatives is an essential component of the

impact assessment process, with the primary objective being to determine the best environmental

and social option. This section elaborates on the alternatives that have been identified, analyses

each, eliminates non-viable alternatives and determines those that can be carried forward into the

comparative impact assessment.

3.1. Identification of Alternatives

The identification of project alternatives includes the consideration of the proponent’s ‘preferred

option’, as detailed in the preliminary route design drawings. Other project alternatives are also

identified through considering the following aspects:

a) Route alignment and/or location of project activities;

b) Designs of electrical infrastructure and what technology is proposed;

c) Use of alternative technology; and

d) Various implementation methods and techniques.

The above aspects are considered, and the alternatives identified for the project are listed and

described in Table 3-1.

Table 3-1 Alternatives Identified

No. Name of Alternative Description

1. Preferred Option: Overhead Power Lines

This alternative is as proposed by REA, detailed in the preliminary route designs received for the project, involving overhead power lines. This alternative is described in more detail in Section 2 of this report.

2. No-Go Option This alternative means that no distribution lines are constructed, and the situation remains as is.

3. Underground Power Lines

This alternative involves the construction and laying down of distribution lines in the ground.

4. Alternative Energy Generation: Solar

This alternative involves the generation of electricity closer to the source of where it is needed, requiring connection to a mini- or localised electricity distribution grid, depending on the scale and reach of the solar facility.

5. Construction Methods This alternative involves the implementation of alternative construction methods, as compare to those proposed in Alternative 1 or the preferred option.


3.2. Analysis of Alternatives

The alternatives that have been identified are analysed to determine which are viable alternatives

to consider for the project. The analysis of alternatives is detailed in Table 3-2.

Table 3-2 Analysis of Alternatives

No. Name of Alternative

Analysis

1. Preferred Option: Overhead Power Lines

REA has proposed the construction of overhead power lines as the preferred option. This option remains cost effective and is a well-established method of distributing electricity in rural areas in Uganda and East Africa. It is proposed that the specific route to be used is mostly in the road reserve, thus significantly reducing the impacts, as well as those resulting from maintaining the RoW where necessary. This option is considered viable and is assessed.

2. No-Go Option The No-Go option goes against the national development objectives of Uganda, as related to the increase of access to electricity for Ugandans. This option is however assessed further in the impact assessment, as it provides a valuable reference against which other viable options can be compared.

3. Underground Power Lines

In urban areas, distribution and service lines are typically placed underground, for safety and aesthetic reasons. Underground lines are also used when 2 overhead lines cross, where smaller lines are then typically placed underground for a limited length at the cross over point, for safety reasons. The proposed length of the project is approximately 222km, which will make the use of underground lines for the entire length very costly and result in extensive earthworks/trenching along the entire route proposed; this can be 3 times more costly than overhead lines. Underground cables are also typically damaged through other future activities involving earthworks. The construction and maintenance cost of this alternative is simply too high, and it is thus considered unviable and eliminated from further consideration in this assessment. Finally, it must be noted, that is in special circumstances, underground lines may be used for limited lengths, where REA deems it necessary. The related environmental and social impacts from such limited application of underground lines is considered negligible and is thus also eliminated from further assessment.

4. Alternative Energy Generation: Solar

The use of solar energy is a consideration, since the Project Area has good solar radiation. Solar energy, whether grid-tied or standalone, cannot however service high energy demands, such as for small industries like metal workshops, for instance. Other small and medium business enterprises that could make use of solar energy, would require sizeable systems, which require significant and upfront capital investment; a typical limitation in the establishment of such facilities. Typically, solar energy systems can be used for domestic applications, as well as installed in a hybrid application and tie into the national or local grid. In the case of the national grid, the necessary baseload required to ensure reliable and uninterrupted power supply, is in place through the national energy mix. Small and medium-size businesses that can afford to install grid-tie systems, would do so more readily if the surplus electricity produced could be sold back into the grid or allow for the accumulation of electricity credits. In the instance of this project, solar energy generation is not seen to be a viable option, as it will not be able to provide more cost effective and reliable electricity to trading centres in rural areas. This option is thus eliminated from the assessment. Such systems may in the future become more economically viable.

5. Construction Methods and Techniques

The construction methods and techniques proposed in Alternative 1 involve largely hand work and have insignificant direct impacts. The consideration of this separate option is thus unnecessary, as it already falls into the preferred option described above. This alternative is thus eliminated from separate assessment.


3.3. Consideration of Viable Alternatives

The analysis of alternatives shows that 2 alternatives are worth further consideration and

assessment in Section 8 of this document. These viable alternatives include the following:

a) Preferred Option: Overhead Power Lines; and

b) No-Go Option

Although the No-Go option is not supportive of national development objectives, it does provide a

useful comparison when assessing the preferred option. Both the above alternatives are thus

assessed further, as detailed in Section 8.


4. ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY

The methodology used is based on an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) process,

as illustrated in Figure 4-1 and comprises of 3 distinct phases with clear activities or tasks, showing

the highlighted outputs. The assessment methods used to conduct the assessment are detailed

below.

Figure 4-1 ESIA Process

4.1. Environmental Screening

The project has been screened, scoped and evaluated by REA during the feasibility stage to

determine if environmental assessment was required, and if so, what level of assessment would be

appropriate. The project is Category B, since the likely impacts resulting from the project are readily

identified, and can be effectively mitigated and managed. Further environmental screening has

been conducted to provide insight into the key ‘green flags’ (positive impacts or benefits) and ‘red

flags’ (negative impacts) for the project to inform the environmental and social assessment work, as

well as the compilation of the ESIA Report.

4.2. Literature Review

The purpose of the literature review is to determine the requirements of the project in terms of all

relevant legislation, as well as reference the assessment on similar projects and good practices

elsewhere, to gain insight into the current state of the area. The literature review covers all relevant

World Bank Safeguard Policies, national and international policies and national laws. Available

studies have also been used where relevant, to further inform the assessment. Studies from the

Project Area, like the District Development Plans, provide valuable insight into the impact

assessment. Other than the policies and legislations detailed in Section 5, additional documents

used during the review of the assessment, include the following:

Mubende District Development Plan, 2015/16 – 2019/20 (MDC. 2015.);

Kibaale District Development Plan, 2015/16 – 2020/21 (Kibaale DC. 2016.);

Kagadi District Development Plan, 2015/16 – 2020/21 (Kagadi DC. 2016.):

Kamwenge District Development Plan, 2015/16 – 2020/21 (Kamwenge DC. 2016.);

Energy Sector Gender Statistics Profile, 2012 (UBOS. 2012.);

State of Environment Report for Uganda, 2010 (NEMA. 2010.);

Uganda Biodiversity and Tropical Forest Assessment, 2006 (USAID. 2006.); and

Country Report on Invasive Alien Species in Uganda, 2002 (NARO. 2002.).


4.3. Stakeholder Engagement

The purpose of stakeholder engagement is to assess and plan, together with the views and insights

brought into the planning process by stakeholders, if the project should go-ahead, what measures

to put in place and what needs to be monitored and reported upon.

Stakeholder consultations were carried out during the EIA process, to ensure that all stakeholder

concerns are incorporated into project planning and implementation. This is in line with the

statutory consultation requirements under World Bank environmental and social safeguards

policies, as well as the first schedule of the EIA Regulations for Uganda. Consultations were

conducted at National, District and Local levels. Consultations were held along the entire 230km

power line corridor in the Districts of Mubende, Kibaale, Kagadi and Kamwenge.

Stakeholder engagement has been conducted according to the Stakeholder Engagement Plan and

has included various consultation methods being used in both Kampala and the Project Area. The

Stakeholder Engagement Plan, included in Section 6.1 of this report, specifically details the

stakeholder consultation process conducted. A total of 15 meetings were held, 4 at the District level

and 11 at the community level (refer to Appendix A1 for further details). Village meetings were

conducted in trading centres that were sampled along the proposed route and PAPs were

mobilised by their respective area Local Council Leaders.

Table 4-1 Numbers of Stakeholders Consulted

No. Description Lot 7 Lot 8 Total

1. National Stakeholders - - 20

2. Kagadi District Leaders & Sub-Country Representatives 32 - 32

3. Kibaale District Leaders & Sub-Country Representatives 32 - 32

4. Mubende District Leaders & Sub-Country Representatives 28 - 28

5. Kamwenge District Leaders & Sub-Country Representatives - 79 79

6. PAPs in Villages along Lot 7 route 71 - 71

7. PAPs in Villages along Lot 8 route - 82 82

Total 163 161 344

In total 344 individual people have been consulted, many during the fieldwork, with 256

volunteering contact details, as detailed in Appendix A1. Minutes from all the stakeholder meetings

have been included in Appendix A of this report.

4.4. Fieldwork

The purpose of the fieldwork is to get direct and 1st hand information and insight into the current

state of the site and surroundings and the views of people directly affected by the project through

gathering primary data. The fieldwork is critical to this assessment, as it properly contextualises the

proposed activity and provides an important interaction between the project team and

stakeholders in the Project Area. Fieldwork has been conducted during the months of June and July

2017. Fieldwork included the collection of primary environmental and socio-economic data,

provided the opportunity to map the project and allowed for interaction with Project Affected


Parties (PAPs). The collection of primary data relies on various methods, including desktop review

and qualitative methods implemented in the field.

a) Quantitative Data Collection Methods

Quantitative data was collected in the field, through specialist investigation, identification,

documentation and mapping of environmental indicators. The indicators used in this assessment

included unique, rare and endangered fauna, wetlands, woodlots and remnant natural habitat. The

data was observed and mapped, by making use of hand-held GPS device. The data was analysed

spatially on a GIS system and the results have been presented in maps and species lists, as

contained in Appendices D and E, respectively.

b) Qualitative Data Collection Methods

Several methods of qualitative data collection were employed to collect primary data including

interviews, key informant interviews, focus group discussions, informal discussions, photography

and observation by a social specialist. An interview guide was used to collect qualitative data,

focussing questions into specific themes, including economic activities, poverty, food security,

health issues, access to social services, transport and community mobilization, amongst others.

i. Key Informant Interviews

Key informant interviews were conducted to gather information from government officials

at National, District and Sub-County levels and affected communities. The sample at the

District level included Chief Administrative Officers, LCV Chairperson, District Natural

Resources Officer, District Environment Officer, District Production Officer, District

Community Development Officer, District Land Officer, District Engineer, District Physical

Planner and District Water Officer.

ii. Focus Group Discussions

This technique involved a small group of respondents (8 respondents) who were

interviewed together in a common location. The sociologist led the discussion and ensured

that every person had an opportunity to respond. This allowed for deeper examination of

complex issues that other forms of the study could not reveal. Two focus group discussions

were held with Sub-County leaders of Bisozi and Ntara, each involving an average of 8

people making a total of about 16 participants. The sociologist furthermore held discussions

with PAPs to explore and compare their respective perceptions of the proposed project.

The Sub-County sample included Sub-County Chiefs, Community Development Officers,

Parish chiefs and LC III Chairpersons, area council representatives of parishes and residents,

in areas traversed by the proposed power line.

iii. Workshop-Style Meetings

The project team conducted workshop-style meetings to present the project to key

stakeholders; its implications, how such affects could turn out and how to guard against

negative impacts through identifying practical mitigation measures. Focussed group

discussions were employed within such meetings, to focus on specific and significant issues

and/or impacts.


iv. Informal Discussions

The project team members also held discussions with Project Affected Persons (PAPs) at

the village level to explore and compare their respective perception of the proposed

project. The team documented the content and tones of respondents, because these often

prompt further probing depending on the need, as judged at the time.

v. Photography and Observation

Photographs were used to capture scenarios important to the study, explained through

visual effects. For example, the quality of life of PAPs can be explained visually by showing

the kind of shelter in which they live. Observation was used to determine observable

variations across the Project Area. This was useful because much a lot was learnt from

respondents through observing them. Estimates were used to determine certain

phenomenon and incidences, like vulnerability and receptivity to change, which cannot be

determined with precision. This was used as one of the methods when determining the

influence on PAPs from direct construction impacts resulting from the proposed power line

and related works.

4.5. Data Analysis

Quantitative environmental data was documented and analysed according to the IUCN

conservation status (unique, threatened or rare) of species identified in the field. Furthermore,

nationally recognised sensitive environments, like wetlands, woodlots and remnant natural riparian

and terrestrial habitat. Results of the analysis form the baseline assessment in Section 7. Spatial

analysis was used to map the environmental features, included in Appendix D, with identified flora

and fauna species, listed in Appendix D and E of this report. Qualitative data was transcribed and

arranged according to existing and emerging themes through content analysis methods. The

qualitative analysis largely followed the questions and themes of the study within the interviews

and focus group discussion guide. Significant social concerns have been summarised in Section 6, in

terms of significance, and are further used during the assessment of impacts, as presented in

Section 8. The results of the analysis and emerging social themes are presented in Sections 6 and 7,

as well as detailed in Appendix A.

4.6. Specialist Inputs

The purpose of specialist inputs is to gain specialised expert advice and specialist information on

any aspect of the project which required careful and more technical investigation. The project team

contains a skill set covering the required environmental and social expertise for the project. The full

team has been out into the field to investigate the Project Site and determine how best one could

inform further planning and implementation of the proposed distribution lines. The inputs from

specialist expertise has been integrated into this report.

4.7. Baseline Assessment

The purpose of the baseline assessment is to define the baseline condition, against which the

activities proposed, and alternatives can be compared, when assessing probable impacts.

Observations in the field and the biodiversity indicators used to establish a baseline, include the

surveyed taxas of flora, wildlife and birds. Social baseline assessment included the consideration of

various socio-economic and cultural indicators, including economic activity, literacy, health,


education, poverty, gender, vulnerability and HIV/AIDS. The data collected through the fieldwork

has made it possible to establish the environmental and social baseline for the project, allowing the

investigation and mapping of relevant environmental and social features within the Project Site.

The spatial analysis of sensitive features within the Project Site involves the identification and

spatial mapping of such features, as either point or polygon features, as presented in the strip maps

produced for the Project Site. Baseline assessment has finally involved collaborative assessment

between the project team members, while in the field and during report writing.

4.8. Impact Assessment

The purpose of impact assessment is to identify both positive and negative impacts and investigate

viable mitigation measures, to inform NEMA on deciding if the activities are supported or not. The

impacts can be direct or indirect and each are considered and assessed in terms of the following

6 criteria:

a) Positive or negative impact;

b) Extent of the impact;

c) Intensity of the impact;

d) Duration of the impact;

e) Frequency of the impact;

f) Probability of the impact; and

g) Reversibility of the impact.

These 6 criteria are considered and rated for each of the impacts across Lot 7, Lot 8 and finally

across both Lots, being the Project Site. Each criterion is rated, as per Table 4-1, to determine and

indicate overall significance. The methodology used to rate the significance impact criteria, is

presented in Tables 4-1 and 4-3.

Table 4-2 Rating the Significance of the Impact

No. Rating Criteria Rating Category Rating Score

A. Extent

The size of the area in which the impact will be experienced

Local: Confined to the Project Site or part thereof. 1

Regional: The region may be defined in various ways, including the geographical governance areas, catchment areas or topographic areas.

2

National or international: National and beyond 3

B. Intensity

The magnitude of the impact experienced

Low: Site-specific and wider natural and/or social functions and processes are negligibly altered.

1

Medium: Site-specific and wider natural and/or social functions and processes continue, albeit in a modified manner.

2

High: Site-specific and wider natural and/or social functions and processes are severely altered.

3

C. Duration

The time frame for which the impact will be experienced

Short-term: For the duration of project activities/up to 2 years. 1

Medium-term: For the duration of project activities/up to 15 years. 2

Long-term: For the duration of project activities/beyond 15 years. 3

D. Frequency

The number of

Low: The impact will occur once only during implementation and operation.

1


No. Rating Criteria Rating Category Rating Score

times the impact will be experienced per time period

Medium: The impact will occur periodically during implementation and operation.

2

High: The impact will occur on an ongoing and regular basis during implementation and operation.

3

E. Probability

The probability that the impact will be experienced

Low: There is a low probability of the impact being experienced. 1

Medium: There is a medium probability of the impact being experienced.

2

High: There is a high probability of the impact being experienced. 3

F. Reversibility

The future potential of the impact being reversed

High: The impact can easily be reversed, at any time in the future. 1

Medium: The impact can, with adequate resources and effort, be reversed at some point in the future.

2

Low: The impact is not likely to be reversed, irrespective of the amount of resources and effort put towards such, and it is considered irreversible.

3

The overall significance is indicated by the combined sum score of the criteria (A + B + C + D + E + F).

This value corresponds to a significance rating and assessment of significance, as set out in Table 4-

2.

Table 4-3 Assessing the Significance of the Impact

No. Description Score Score Score Score Score

1. Combined Score

(A + B + C + D + E + F)

6 - 8 9 - 11 12 - 14 15 - 16 17 - 18

2. Consequence Rating Very low/negligible

Low/minor Medium/moderate High Very high/major

The nature of the impact is determined (being either positive or negative) and together with the

confidence being ascribed to the significance rating, being either low, medium or high.

Table 4-4 Nature and Confidence Determination

No. Description Consideration

1. Nature Positive (+): The impact is beneficial and mitigation measures will enhance the positive effects of the impact.

Negative (-): The impact is detrimental and mitigation measures will reduce the negative effects of the impact.

2. Confidence High: The rating of the impact is based on sufficient information/data and can be determined with a high degree of certainty.

Medium: The rating of the impact is based on enough information/data and with good judgement can be sufficiently determined, yet with some degree of uncertainty.

Low: The rating of the impact is based on insufficient information/data and even with good judgement cannot be sufficiently determined and is related to a high degree of uncertainty.

The overall significance of each impact is finally considered and presented in the impact analysis for

the Project Site over both Lot 7 and 8. Comparative assessment between the viable project


alternatives is also conducted in this assessment. Alternatives are firstly identified and analysed to

determine which alternatives are viable, thus being the basis of the comparative assessment. A set

of impacts, described in the impact framework, are used to compare impacts across the viable

alternatives, to determine which alternative is the best environmental and social option. It must be

well noted that the results of the comparative assessment provide a useful tool and indication of

project impacts and which options seem the better choice. Impact assessment also reveals how

important it is to ensure that the agreed upon mitigation measures are put in place during further

phases of project implementation.

4.9. Impact Management

The purpose of managing impact, is to enhance positive impacts and avoid, and if not possible

reduce negative impacts. The management of impacts can be implemented from the final design

phase, through construction and the operation of the project. From the inputs of stakeholders and

together with specialist expertise, the best possible set of mitigation measures are identified and

placed into an implementation, monitoring and action schedule.

4.10. Peer Review

The purpose of peer review is to ensure that a robust and high-quality assessment is conducted,

which meets the local need and is found to be acceptable to stakeholders. Peer review allows for

reporting to be completed in an integrated manner, weaving the views of all team members into

the final outcomes. The expertise on the project team allows for effective peer review of this

document, which has been compiled collaboratively and with inputs and comments from all team

members.


5. POLICY, LEGISLATIVE AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

A brief description of the policy, legislative and institutional framework provides details on relevant

international and national policies, as well as clarifying the legal requirements related to the

project. The institutions involved in planning, assessment, development, monitoring and

management of the project are also described in brief.

5.1. International Policy Framework

The relevant international policies are listed in Table 5-1, showing which relevant international

protocols and conventions Uganda is signatory to and which guide this study. Table 5-2 details the

relevant Environmental, Health and Safety Safeguards Policies and Guidelines developed by the

World Bank, providing further detail on implementing the assessment.

Table 5-1 International Protocol and Conventions

No. Name Purpose

1. African Convention on the Conservation of Nature, 1968

Encourages individual and joint action for the conservation, utilisation and development of soil, water, flora and fauna for the present and future welfare of mankind, from an economic, nutritional, scientific, educational, cultural and aesthetic point of view.

2. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), 1992

The Convention requires parties to avoid adverse effects on the environment and adopt measures and policies to control carbon dioxide emissions in technologies, taking into account their common, yet differentiated responsibilities, as well as their specific national and regional development priorities, objectives and circumstances. They are required to take climate change considerations into account, to the extent feasible, in their relevant social, economic and environmental policies and actions, and employ appropriate methods, for example impact assessments, formulated and determined nationally, with a view to minimising adverse effects on the economy, on public health and on the quality of the environment of projects or measures undertaken by them to mitigate or adapt to climate change.

3. United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), 1994

Binding international agreement linking environment and development to sustainable land management. The Convention addresses specifically the arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas, known as the drylands, where some of the most vulnerable ecosystems and peoples can be found. In the 10-Year Strategy of the UNCCD (2008-2018) that was adopted in 2007 with a view to forge a global partnership to reverse and prevent desertification/land degradation and to mitigate the effects of drought in affected areas to support poverty reduction and environmental sustainability.

4. Montreal Protocol for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, 1987

The protocol was designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion. All of the ozone depleting substances controlled by the Montreal Protocol contain either chlorine or bromine (substances containing only fluorine do not harm the ozone layer). The provisions of the Protocol include the requirement that the Parties to the Protocol base their future decisions on the current scientific, environmental, technical, and economic information that is assessed through panels drawn from the worldwide expert

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozone_layer

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozone_depletion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorine


No. Name Purpose

communities.

5. Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, 2001

Protects human health and environment from Persistent Organic Pollutants that remain intact in the environment for long periods and can become widely distributed geographically and accumulate in the fatty tissue of humans and wildlife, which can lead to serious health effects.

6. Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management, 2006

Fosters sound management of chemicals and to ensure that by the year 2020, chemicals are produced and used in ways that minimise significant adverse impacts on the environment and human health.

7. International Labour Organisation Convention, 1998

Sets out basic principles and labour rights at work, based on international best practise.

The above international protocols and conventions provide guidance on international best practise

and focus on the conservation of natural resources and biological diversity, as well as social issues,

including the group of conventions of the International Labour Organisation.

The Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines published by the World Bank Group are

technical reference documents with general and industry specific examples of Good International

Industry Practice, or international best practise, as referred to in this document. Of the Wold Bank

Environmental Safeguards, the project triggers three and possibly a fourth policy, being 0P 4.11, in

the case of a chance find cultural resource/site. Where clear mitigation measures are considered

achievable at reasonable cost, these have been included for implementation during further project

phases.

Table 5-2 World Bank Environmental, Health and Safety Safeguard Policies

No. Name Purpose Response Trigger

1. Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01)

To guide sustainable development through ensuring the early consideration of environmental and social aspects in project planning and design. This policy ensures the need for, the type and way Environmental Assessment is to be conducted on this project.

A Project Brief-type or partial Environmental and Social Impact Assessment has been conducted. The project falls under Environmental Assessment Category B, where the likely impacts are readily identified, mitigated and managed. The report is structured to include all the information specified in Appendix B of this policy.

Yes

2. Natural Habitat (OP4.04)

To guide the protection, maintenance and rehabilitation of natural habitats and their functions, essential for long-term sustainable development.

The natural habitats policy may be triggered in certain cases because the proposed project may have potential impacts on the wetlands and their catchment area. These ecosystems do support varying degrees of natural complexities of flora and fauna. Therefore, regarding the above policy, various mitigation measures have been proposed to eliminate and or reduce the likely impacts

Yes


No. Name Purpose Response Trigger

as a result of implementing the project.

3. Indigenous Peoples (OP 4.10)

To protect and conserve the culture and access to resource of indigenous peoples.

This project does not directly impact upon indigenous peoples, as none are located within the Project Area.

No

4. Physical Cultural Properties (OP 4.11)

To guide the preservation of cultural properties, including sites of archaeological, paleontological, historical, religious or unique natural value.

Physical Cultural Resources (PCRs) and sites of cultural importance are assessed. No sites of significance have been identified, yet may become evident through a chance find.

Possibility

5. Involuntary Settlement (OP 4.12)

To guide involuntary resettlement through addressing risks and putting in place appropriate safeguards.

In the context of the project,

there will not be any involuntary resettlement. However, affected property will be valued, if impacted upon, in consultation with the affected communities through the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) process.

No

6. Forests (OP 4.36)

To guide sustainable development to harness the potential of forests, to reduce poverty, to integrate forests effectively into sustainable economic development and to protect the vital local and global services and values of forests.

Remnant forests and private woodlots, where such will be impacted by the proposed project, will be avoided as far as is possible through considering different route alignment and/or shifting the placement of support structures.

Yes

The specifics in each of the EHS Guidelines are integrated into this study through the identification

of impacts, the assessment of their significance, the avoidance of impacts as far as is possible and

when not possible, the detailing of mitigation measures to effectively manage the identified

impacts.

5.2. National Policy Framework

The relevant national policies are listed in Table 5-3, with the primary policy being the National

Environment Management Policy, 1994. The purpose of each policy and response from this study

are detailed in Table 5-3.

Table 5-3 National Policy Framework

No. Name Purpose Response

1. Vision 2040

Uganda’s Vision is to have “A transformed Ugandan society from a peasant to a modern and prosperous Country within 30 years”, from 2010. This involves changing from a predominantly low income to a competitive upper middle-income country within 30 years. It is envisaged that the country will graduate to the middle-income segment by 2017 and reach a per capita of USD 9,500 by 2040. For the country to achieve its Vision 2040, it is necessary to increase access to energy, to drive the industry and

The realisation of the project will improve on the chances of realisation of the Vision 2040, with emphasis on the distribution of electricity to the community, that will in turn boost the process of industrialising the country, diversifying economic activities in rural areas and creating employment.



services sectors. Projections show that by 2040 electricity per capita consumption will increase to 3,668 kWh. It is also anticipated that access to the national grid will significantly increase to 80%, as the country moves towards industrialisation and transformation to middle income status.

2. Rural Electrification Strategy and Plan (RESP) 2013-2022

The primary objective of the RESP 2013-2022 is: “To achieve an accelerated pace of electricity access and service penetration to meet national development goals during the planning period and beyond”. A secondary objective is to ensure that, progressively, the program facilitates access to all forms of modern energy services to replace kerosene lighting and other forms of traditional cooking and heating by 2030.

The strategy aims to achieve rural electrification access of 26% (i.e. consumers who will be utilising electricity in their homes, businesses or institutions) by 2022, from the current level of about 7%. The pace of acceleration anticipated in the strategic plan also projects access to be at 51% by 2030 and 100% by 2040.

This plan emphasises the technical standards and materials specifications for distribution and construction, to be reviewed and adjusted to incorporate design efficiencies, reduce cost and facilitate operational reliability and extended life-spans; to be reviewed and updated with new ‘best practices’ on an on-going basis.

In terms of social and regional equity, the objective of the strategy is to ensure that rural electrification is widely accessible to the entire rural population, as part of the Government’s objective to reduce poverty and deliver community and social services to the public. Entities responsible for implementing the strategy will assure that rural consumers are fairly treated, and that assistance is equitably accessible to less advantaged rural regions.

3. National Environment Management Policy, 1994

This is the main policy statement on the environment for Uganda. The policy was developed through an extensively consultative process and its overall objective is to achieve sound sustainable development, by reconciling economic development and conservation of resources. The policy clearly states that an Environmental Assessment should be conducted for any project that is likely to have potential adverse impacts on the socio-cultural, physical and biological environment.

This study provides for an assessment of the impacts of the project measured against criteria for sustainability, including health, quality of life, long-term sustainable socio-economic development, sound environmental management and optimal use of natural resources.

4. National Energy Policy, 2002

The policy aims at meeting the energy needs of the Ugandan population for social and economic development in an environmentally sustainable manner. The policy will ensure that environmental considerations are given priority and users protect the environment, by putting in place a monitoring mechanism to evaluate compliance with established environmental protection guidelines and strengthen the environment-monitoring unit in the energy sector.

This study recognises that the generation, provision and distribution of energy in Uganda is a key factor for economic growth and must be implemented in a sustainable manner, avoiding negative impacts as far as is possible, and where not possible reducing such impacts through effective mitigation. The policy recognises the need to mitigate both physical, social and environmental aspects.

5. Uganda National Climate Change Policy,2012

The objective of the policy is to ensure that all stakeholders address climate change impacts and their causes through appropriate measures, while promoting sustainable development and a green economy. With respect to adaptation, the government must pursue the following priorities for the different sectors and themes identified:

Energy Sector: To promote sustainable energy access and utilisation as a means of sustainable development, in the face of uncertainties related to climate change.

With respect to mitigation, the government must pursue the following priorities for the different sectors under energy generation and demand:

Energy is mentioned as one of those sectors that the policy takes a key interest in. The policy is to provide guidance and direction in addressing the problem of climate change, while enabling the country to adapt and mitigate the effects of climate change. Its implementation will result in reduced vulnerability and increased livelihood potential.



To support and accelerate the implementation of the Renewable Energy Policy, with respect to the promotion and development of new clean energy technologies to reduce GHG Energy Utilisation.

To promote conservation and efficient utilisation of energy to reduce GHG emissions, especially at consumer levels (industries, households, commercial and institutional buildings).

To encourage the use of alternative fuels, instead of heavily relying on biomass.

6. National Cultural Policy, 2006

The policy is put in place to protect Ugandan heritage and culture, as well as recognise specific heritage sites of national and global importance. This policy protects and conserves cultural heritage in Uganda, both tangible and intangible heritage.

This study investigates sites of cultural importance, including Physical Cultural Resources that when identified, are managed appropriately. A Chance Finds Procedure is also included to deal with and effectively manage unforeseen finds.

7. National Water Policy, 1997

This policy must ensure the sustainable management and development of water resources in a co-ordinated and integrated manner to secure and provide water of an acceptable quality and quantity for all social and economic needs.

This study recognises that the protection of water resources through the prevention of water pollution from erosion, siltation, oil spills, creosote and sanitary wastes, all of critical importance.

8. National Land Use Policy, 2006

This policy aims to achieve coordination, sustainability and optimal land utilisation for socio-economic development.

This study considers the use of land, assessing the sustainable utilisation of such land.

9. National Employment Policy 2011,

The policy will stimulate Government objectives and processes for generating jobs and ensuring a better employment environment for all workers. The Employment Policy also makes mention of vulnerable groups and recognises the importance of and need for special considerations towards enhancing their employability. These groups include persons with disability and this aspect is important because of the number of young people who are disabled and continue to face numerous challenges when it comes to accessing employment opportunities.

The policy commits to promotion of affirmative action, adequate safety nets and social protection for the poor and vulnerable groups to hedge against risks associated with the operation of the market system.

10. National Gender Policy, 1997

This primary policy is in the current debates at a national level, and aims to guide and direct the planning, resource allocation and implementation of development programmes with a gender perspective in all sectors of the economy.

This study focuses on and emphasises the importance of considering gender aspects in the design and implementation of the project.

11. National HIV/AIDS Policy, 2004

This essential health policy aims to provide a framework for a multi-sectoral response to HIV/AIDS in Ugandan’s world of work and applies to all current and prospective employees and workers in the public and private sectors.

This study focusses on the issue of HIV/AIDS and how to address this key issue in this project.

12. Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Policy

This policy seeks to:

Provide and maintain a healthy working environment;

Institutionalize OHS in the power-sector policies, programs and plans;

Contribute towards safeguarding the physical environment; and

The OHS Policy Statement is guided by the Constitution of the Republic of Uganda and other global, national and sectoral regulations and policies.

This policy will be especially relevant for the power line project OHS of construction crews and subsequently, maintenance personnel. The policy will also have relevance in mitigation measures that protect the public from health and safety impacts, as a result of project construction and subsequent operation and maintenance activities.



The OHS Policy also takes into recognition the Energy Policy and the Health Sector Strategic Plan, all of which aim to improve the quality of life for all Ugandans in their living and working environment.

13. National Wetland Policy, 1995

The policy specifically calls for the application of EIA procedures on all activities to be carried out in a wetland to ensure that wetland development is well planned and managed.

This study identifies environmentally sensitive wetlands that will be impacted during construction and details how these impacts need to be optimally managed to protect wetland resources.

14. Uganda Resettlement/Land Acquisition Policy Framework (2002)

Regarding compensation and resettlement issues, the leading legislation is the Constitution of Republic of Uganda and the Land Act, both of which require that:

Compensation should be aimed at minimising social disruption and assist those who have lost assets as a result of the project, in order to maintain their livelihoods; and

Community infrastructure must be replaced and ideally be improved in situations where it was deficient. This includes installation of sanitary facilities, electricity generation systems, road links and provision of water.

No resettlement will be required for this project. These aspects will be complied with in the Project Area in cases where compensation is required.

15. Uganda Wildlife Policy, 2014

This policy specifically protects wild animals in Uganda. The aim is to conserve and manage the natural resources in Uganda in a participatory manner, to link national decisions to the livelihood of locally affected people.

This study is focussed on how to best protect and conserve the remaining natural resources in the Project Area.

This impact assessment aligns and complies with the above national policy framework, indicating

across various sectors and fields of expertise, the requirement for the assessment and effective

management of environmental and social impacts related to the distribution of electricity into the

rural areas of Mubende, Kibaale, Kagadi and Kamwenge Districts.

5.3. National Legislative Framework

The proposed project and this study must comply with the laws of Uganda. The relevant laws are

described below and form the legislative framework within which the impact assessment must be

conducted, and the project must be implemented.

Table 5-4 National Legislative Framework


1. Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995

The Constitution of Uganda provides for, inter alia, matters pertaining to land, natural resources and the environment, and the sustainable development thereof (Objective XXVII), including energy resources and the right of every Ugandan to a clean and healthy environment (Article 39).

This study assesses the project in a manner that signifies the effect it will have on both the natural and social environment and to best ensure the protection of sensitive environmental resources and social aspects.

2. National Environment Act, 1995

Following the enactment of the National Environment Act Cap 153, the National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) was created and charged with the responsibility to oversee, co-ordinate and supervise environmental management in Uganda. This Act stipulates that an EIA be undertaken by the developer where the lead agency, in consultation with NEMA, is of the view that the project:

This study complies with the requirements for impact assessment and the consideration of the required environmental and social criteria.



a. may have an impact on the environment;

b. is likely to have a significant impact on the environment; or

c. will have a significant impact on the environment.

3. Electricity Act, 1999

Under the Electricity Act (1999), the Electricity Regulatory Authority (ERA) is responsible for issuing licences for the generation, transmission, distribution and/or sale of electricity. The Act lays down procedures and legal requirements for the development of power lines. Part VII (69) deals with the acquisition of land. It provides that whenever a developer is to acquire land, he should acquire it by agreement with the owner. However, if the owner does not agree with the developer, the licensee notifies the minister to impose such terms as he may deem fit to acquire the land. Section 37 deals with way leaves for the construction of transmission lines. It allows for the placement of electric lines below ground, across any land, and above ground across any land not covered by buildings. Within the way leaves, no buildings are allowed, and crops may only be authorised if they are of a certain height.

This project makes provision for the expansion of rural distribution lines to improve access to electricity.

4. Land Act, 1998 Sections 43, 44 and 45 (1) and (2) of the Land Act (1998), Government or local government may acquire land in accordance with the provisions of Article 26 and clause (2) of Article 237 of the Constitution of the Republic of Uganda. A person who owns or occupies land shall manage and utilise the land in accordance with the National Environment Act Cap 153 and any other laws binding.

This study considers the ownership and use of land, specifically taking note of land tenure and related compensation matters.

5. Land Acquisition Act, 1965

To provide for procedures and methods of compulsory acquisition of land for public purposes whether for temporary or permanent use. The Act requires that adequate, fair and prompts compensation is paid before taking possession of land and property.

This study recognises that in cases where land outside the road reserve is required, landowners must be compensated according to acceptable governmental policies.

6. Physical Planning Act, 2010

This is the principal statute governing Physical Planning in Uganda. This Act helps analyse existing planning provision and ascertain current land use. The Act prohibits carrying out any form of development on land in a planning area without the formal approval of the Planning Authority. At present no developer would be issued with a permit to erect any buildings or carry out any developments on land in a planning area if he/she does not comply with the EIA requirements under the National Environment Statute and the EIA Regulations.

This study responds by providing the necessary Project Brief, as per the requirements of the EIA Regulations, 1998.

7. Local Governments Act, 1997

The Act establishes a form of government based on the District as the main unit of administration. Districts are given legislative and planning powers under this Act (Sections 36-45). They are also enjoined to plan for the management of wastes and conservation of the environment within their areas. District Environmental Committees established under Section 15 of the National

This study recognises the importance of involving local government and the District Environmental Officer’s (DEOs) in the assessment process, as has been done across all 4 Districts covered by the proposed project.



Environment Act Cap 153 guide the District Authorities.

8. Roads Act, 1964 This act provides for maintenance of roads by empowering the Minister of Works and Transport and respective local governments. The need for Government to maintain basic control over developments along the road is to ensure the necessities of maintaining road geometry and safety. The poles for the overhead power line will be erected on existing road reserves.

This study makes use of the defined road reserve of 15m, as confirmed with UNRA, along the designated route, as being the Project Site. This Act prohibits the erection of any building or planting of any tree or permanent crops within the road reserve, except with a written permission of the Road Authority. Any person who commits this offense will have the Road Authority write a notice to him requiring him to pull down buildings, cut down / uproot trees or crops, alter road entrance or close the means of access (Section 7).

9. National Forestry and Tree Planting Act, 2003

Regulates and controls forest management in Uganda by ensuring forest conservation, sustainable use and enhancement of the productive capacity of forests, to provide for the promotion of tree planting and through the creation of forest reserves in which human activities are strictly controlled.

This project is not located in any Forest Reserve. Yet the study considerers remaining natural forests and trees and addresses how these can be protected, as far as is possible.

10. Uganda Wildlife Act, 1996

Provides for the sustainable management of wildlife in Uganda.

Lot 7 of the project does cross a narrow section of the Mubende Local Forest Reserve, yet it is noted that the 33kV line has already been constructed in this section. This project is not located in any other Protected Areas. Yet the study considerers wildlife and natural vegetation and addresses how best to protect such remaining resources.

11. Public Health Act, 1964

Section 7 of the Act provides that local authorities with administrative powers to take all lawful, necessary and reasonable practicable measures for preventing the occurrence of, or for dealing with any outbreak or prevalence of, any infectious communicable or preventable disease to safeguard and promote the public health and to exercise the powers and perform the duties in respect of public health conferred or imposed by this act or any other law.

This study recognises the primary importance of health and health-related issues, through the appropriate sensitisation and health care support Government can provide.

12. Occupational Safety and Health Act, 2006

The Occupational Safety and Health Act 2006 replaces the Factories Act (1964). It departs from the original listing of ‘don’ts’ and now has a new scientific approach in which the technical measures required in the protection of workers are spelt out to be put in place. In so doing it is preventive in approach. The Act provides for the prevention and protection of persons at all workplaces from injuries, diseases, death and damage to property. This Act does not only cover the ‘factory’, but also any workplace where persons are employed, and its provisions extend not just to employees but to the self-employed and any other persons that may be legitimately present in the workplace who may be exposed to injury or disease.

This study considers health and safety risks and recommends mitigation measures.

13. Workman’s Compensation Act, 2000

The law requires that compensation be paid to a worker who has been injured or acquired an occupational disease or harmed in any way during

Contractors involved in the implementation of the project are obliged to abide by this law and its specific provisions.



his/her work. Section 6 & 7 provide for the compensation for fatal injury as 46 months of earning. For permanent incapacity compensation is 60 and 72 months earning respectively.

14. The Labour Unions Act, 2006

The Labour Unions Act regulates the establishment, registration and management of labour unions and to provide for other related matters. It repeals the Trade Union Act, Cap. 223. It provides for the right of employees to organise themselves in a labour union and the employer not to interfere with the right of association. Section 4 stipulates that an employer shall not discriminate in regard to the hire, tenure or any terms or conditions of employment in order to discourage membership in a labour union, discourage an employee on account of his/her lawful involvement or proposed lawful involvement in the activities of a labour union, including his/her participation in industrial action arising in connection with a labour dispute and not in contravention of the Labour Disputes (Arbitration and Settlement) Act, 2006. An employer who contravenes Section 4 commits an offence. Section 6 provides for an employee or labour union to seek legal redress once satisfied that an employer has violated Section 5 of the Act.

REA together with the Contractor will uphold the provisions of this Act on the rights of the workers including right of employees to organise themselves in a labour union.

15. Historical Monument Act, 1967

Provides for the preservation and protection of historical monuments and objects of archaeological, paleontological, ethnographical and traditional interest.

This study assesses cultural and heritage resources and provides for a Chance Finds Procedure for chance finds during project implementation. No national monuments or Physical Cultural Resources have been identified within the Project Site.

16. National Environment Audit

Regulations, 2006

Provides guidance for environmental audits, as legislated under the Environment Act and the EIA Regulations.

This study includes provision for monitoring and auditing, as linked to the ESMP.

17. Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations, 1998

Regulates the procedure for conducting EIAs through conducting environmental assessments to determine probable environmental impacts and how to enhance positive impacts and mitigate/reduce negative impacts.

This study is a direct response to this regulation and complies with all environmental assessment aspects detailed in the regulation.

18. National Environment (Waste Management) Regulations, 1999

Regulates the management of hazardous and non-hazardous waste, as well as the storage and disposal of hazardous waste and its movement in and out of Uganda.

This study identifies waste related to the project and provides measures to effectively manage the collection, storage and appropriate disposal of such waste.

19. National Environment (Wetlands, River Banks and Lakeshores Management) Regulations, 2000

Stipulates a management policy for important wetlands, riverbanks and lakeshore areas in Uganda.

This study specifically investigates how the proposed project will traverse wetland areas and provides the best possible measures to minimise the negative impacts.

20. National Environment (Noise Standards and

Stipulates a national standard and management measures through permitting activities, in excess of the national standard.

This study investigates the generation of noise from the proposed project and provides measures to best manage noise



Control) Regulations, 2003

impacts.

21. National Environment (Standards for Discharge of Effluent into Water or on Land) Regulations, 1999

Provides a national standard for effluent discharged into water or on land in Uganda.

This study considers the management of effluent from the project and provides measures to most effectively manage such pollution risks.

22. National Environment (Hilly and Mountainous Areas Management) Regulations, 2000

Regulation 16(5) requires protection of soil against erosion. Erosion can occur along roads developed to enable access to the Project Site and within areas excavated, especially loose soils along the hilly sections of the route.

These regulations have some relevance to the Project where construction activities will occur on slopes and hills prone to soil erosion.

23. NEMA EIA Guidelines for the Energy Sector, 2004

Provides guidance on the approach and methodology for impact assessment in the energy sector in Uganda.

This study considers the details of the guideline and complies with all the requirements related to the distribution of electricity in rural areas.

5.4. Institutional Framework

The institutions involved in planning, financing and approval of the project, either directly or

indirectly, all have a role to play in the effective management of environmental and social impacts

related to the project, as detailed in Table 5-5.

Table 5-5 Institutional Mandate and Responsibilities

No. Name Mandate Project Responsibility

1. Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development

The Ministry is the lead agency for all energy projects in Uganda. However, its interests are represented in different capacities by the Electricity Regulatory Authority (ERA), which issues licenses and by the Rural Electrification Agency (REA), which was established to initiate and bring ERT projects to fruition. REA is the lead (in its case, providing subsidies to sponsors) to which environmental monitoring and evaluation responsibilities have been delegated.

To co-ordinate the planning, monitoring, evaluation and implementation of all activities under the ERTIII, especially the management of environmental and social aspects of the project.

2. National Environment Management Authority (NEMA)

NEMA is part of the Ministry of Lands, Water and Environment and in terms of the National Environment Act of 1995, the principal agency for the management of the environment and shall co-ordinate, monitor and supervise all activities in the field of the environment.

NEMA has a cross-sectoral mandate to ensure that proper environmental safeguards are observed in the planning and execution of all development projects, which means that it reviews and approves all EIA reports; NEMA carries out its own monitoring largely through District Environmental Officers and environmental inspectors at NEMA’s head office.

3. Uganda National Roads Authority (UNRA)

The mandate of UNRA is to maintain national road system, advise Government on general roads policy, maintenance, monitoring and contribute to addressing transport concerns. UNRA manages

To provide inputs related to the establishment of distribution lines along roads and within road reserves.



national roads infrastructure and is responsible for mitigation of impacts associated with any development within the road reserves under their mandate.

4. National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO)

The various institutes of NARO address different aspects of biodiversity conservation and sustainable utilisation of resources. For example, the Forestry Resources Research Institute deals with biodiversity in forest areas. The various agricultural research institutes have also set up crop and livestock genetic resources conservation programmes. NARO and its institutes work closely with the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research and its various international agricultural research centres.

Of specific relevant for this project and a direct function of NARO is to monitor and address the spread of exotic plants and weeds, or Alien Invasive Species (AIS). These already occur within the area, posing risks to the local economy and existing ecosystem services.

5. Ministry of Lands, Housing and Urban Development (MLH&UD)

In terms of valuation, the prime participants are the Ministry of Lands, Housing and Urban Development.

REA has the responsibility for resettlement (although not relevant to this project) and the identification and coordination of other stakeholders. In addition, Uganda Land Commission, District Land Boards, District Land Tribunal, Local Councils also need to be involved through the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP).

6. Ministry of Gender Labour & Social Development

The Directorate of Labor, Employment and Occupational Safety and the Directorate of Gender and Community Development in the Ministry are responsible for inspection of workplace environment to safeguard occupational safety, rights of workers and gender equity.

This study recognises key gender and social issues, as emerging from stakeholder consultation and places emphasis on the management of such in the ESMP.

7. Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife & Heritage

Responsible for the management and protection of tourism and heritage resources.

Archaeologists from the department responsible for museums and monuments in this Ministry would be useful in monitoring the project construction activities to ensure that chance finds or artefacts of cultural significance are well managed. No national monuments of nationally recognised cultural sites (Physical Cultural Resources) have been identified along the proposed project route.

8. Wetlands Management Department (WMD)

WMD, under MW&E, takes the lead in all day-to-day management issues of wetland resources in Uganda. It implements the Wetlands Policy in collaboration with other lead agencies, notably NEMA. At the District level, a Department of Environment (headed by the District Environmental Officer) co-ordinates wetland work and an attempt has been made in various Districts to have a Wetland Officer appointed.

This study includes the consideration and management of impacts to wetlands.

9. National Forestry Authority (NFA)

Management of forest resources in Uganda. To provide inputs on impacts and the management and monitoring of environmental and social issues in relation to forest resources.

10. Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA)

The Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA) was established under the Uganda Wildlife Act, Cap. 200. The main function of the UWA is to ensure sustainable management of wildlife in conservation areas by coordinating, monitoring and supervising wildlife management issues. UWA can manage wildlife (wild plant and wild animal’s native to Uganda) in both protected and

The UWA provides direction and guidance on all aspects of a project that potentially impact Uganda’s wildlife thus UWA is an important stakeholder in the Project especially for protection of wildlife in the Project Area.



unprotected areas.

11. Ministry of Health

Develop and operate health care facilities and set health standards in Uganda and work with all other stakeholders and advise on health matters.

To provide inputs on the project and the health-related impacts and management thereof.

12. District Authorities

A District is headed by a Chairman Local Council Five (LC5), who is the political head and responsible for all activities in the District. The Chief Administration Officer, the technical head of District Administration is responsible for all related technical matters.

The proposed project road falls within jurisdiction of Kamwenge, Kibaale, Kagadi and Mubende Districts. These relevant Technical District personnel directly involved with the project include Environmental Officer, District Planner, Community Development Officer (CDO), District Director of Health Services, Wetlands Officer, Forestry Sector Manager, Agricultural Officer, District Water Officer and District Engineer.

13. Rural Electrification Agency, REA

REA is a government agency responsible for promoting rural electrification. This will move the population from use of traditional energy sources (e.g. firewood and other basic forms of biomass) to the adoption of modern energy services (e.g. electricity, petroleum fuels, bio-fuels and improved stoves). REA is charged with the following key responsibilities:

a) Undertake basic planning and preparation of projects in line with the Indicative Rural Electrification Master Plan (IREMP) and as determined by the Rural Electrification Board;

b) Implement Government’s priority rural electrification projects for public funding as determined by the Board;

c) Generate and provide information relating to investment opportunities, costs and benefits of rural electrification and available technical and financial support facilities to all stakeholders;

d) Recommend to the Rural Electrification Board the most efficient use of the Rural Electrification Fund (REF) for promotion of Rural Electrification Programme as set by Government policy;

e) Process applications for financial support from the REF;

f) Build and maintain a national database on rural electrification projects in Uganda; and

g) Prepare for the Board an annual status report on the Rural Electrification Programme indicating progress, challenges and obstacles, and identifying options for mitigating the obstacles.

REA as the client is responsible for overall implementation of the projects and monitoring compliance of environmental and social issues within the projects

14. Electricity Regulatory Authority, ERA

The Electricity Regulatory Authority (ERA) is a statutory body established in accordance with the Electricity Act of 1999 (CAP 145) as an agency of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development. The mandate of the ERA is "to provide for the generation, transmission, distribution, sale and use of electricity" in Uganda; to guide the liberalisation of the electricity industry; and to manage licensing, rates, safety and other matters concerning the electricity industry.

The main functions of ERA include:

Issuing licenses for generation,

ERA will ensure that, the tariffs costing of energy from the planned project will be in accordance with its set standards and tariffs.



transmission, distribution, of electricity processing applications for investors in the energy sector;

Enforcement of requirement under the Act to ensure compliance with regulations;

Establishing tariffs, reviewing, and approving rates of investment in the electricity sector;

Advising the minister regarding the need for electricity projects; and

Developing and enforcement of energy standards.

15. World Bank Fund projects at a national level, based on sound sustainable development principles.

Through providing funding for the ERT III Project, the World Bank provides overall direction on the study, project design and implementation, according to the Safeguard Policies and Guidelines.

The roles and responsibilities related to the implementation of the environmental and social

aspects of the project and ensuring that mitigation measures are implemented and monitored, are

detailed in the ESMP (refer to Section 9 of this report).


6. STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT

Engagement with stakeholders was planned and implemented through consulting with

stakeholders at the National, District and Local levels, as listed in Section 6.2. The key issues

emerging from the 26 stakeholder consultations (refer Appendix A1), excluding the number of

meetings held with REA. These results from these consultations are summarised in Section 6.3.

More detail on the stakeholder consultation is contained within Appendix A, also containing the

stakeholder database and the minutes from all the consultation meetings. The Stakeholder

Engagement Plan details the consultation process.

6.1. Stakeholder Engagement Plan

The Stakeholder Engagement Plan was implemented successfully, as indicated below.

Table 6-1 Stakeholder Engagement Plan

Component No. Tasks Status

Stakeholder identification

1. Desktop research, team expertise and discussions held during the Reconnaissance Field Visit provided adequate information to identify key stakeholders.

Completed

2. A Stakeholder List was compiled and updated regularly to list and categorise the names, positions, organisations and contact details of all stakeholders.

Completed

3. Further meetings were held with key stakeholders and through such, further assist in identifying names, organisations and contact details for stakeholders.

Completed

Stakeholder consultations

4. Locality maps were compiled and presented to facilitate consultative meetings with stakeholders.

Completed

5. Stakeholder meetings were scheduled formally and included key informant interviews, focussed group meetings, workshop-style meetings and informal discussions. Letters of introduction from REA were presented to stakeholders.

Completed

6. Workshop-style District meetings were advertised via local radio stations, targeting PAPs and held in the local languages, to ensure adequate coverage and understanding of the project, the benefits, the impacts and management thereof. The workshop-style meetings were held in each District. Further consultations were also conducted at the Local level along the entire route for both Lot 7 and 8.

Completed

7. Minutes of all meetings and other stakeholder inputs were documented, as well as attendance registers kept of all stakeholders contributing to the assessment.

Completed

Socio-economic baseline study

8. National and District level socio-economic data was sourced from available data sources.

Completed

9. Qualitative socio-economic data was collected at sample sites within the Project Site, to provide representative data for the assessment.

Completed

10. Socio-economic data was analysed and compiled, as presented in the ESIA report. Completed

Cultural heritage assessment

11. National and District level cultural heritage information was sourced and assessed, from information obtained from the Department of Museums and Monuments, under the Ministry of Tourism, as well as local stakeholders.

Completed

12. Local level PAPs were consulted to gather data from within the Project Site on cultural heritage sites of significance.

Completed

Summary of inputs

13. All inputs gathered from stakeholders were summarised, for input into project design and the management of both positive and negative impacts.

Completed

6.2. Stakeholder Meetings

Stakeholder engagement was conducted with with relevant Central Government Ministries and

other National Institutions, at their headquarters in Kampala, leadership structures from the


Districts and Project Affected Parties (PAPs) from the local level. Twenty-six (26) consultation

meetings were held with relevant authorities and local community groups, during this assessment,

as listed and categorised below. Further details on stakeholders and consultation meetings, are

included in Appendix A.

a) National Stakeholders:

Rural Electrification Agency (REA);

National Environment Management Authority (NEMA);

Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA);

National Forestry Authority (NFA);

Wetlands Management Department (WMD, Ministry of Water and Environment (MWE);

National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO);

Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development;

Directorate of Occupational health and Safety

Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife and Antiquities;

Department of Museums and Monuments; and

Uganda National Roads Agency (UNRA).

b) District and Sub-County Stakeholders:

Kamwenge District Leadership and Officials;

Kagadi District Leadership and Officials;

Kibaale District Leadership and Officials; and

Mubende District Leadership and Officials.

Figure 6-1 District Level Meetings held to consult with stakeholders (Kamwenge, Lot 8).


Figure 6-2 Meeting with Nkoma Sub-County and Rwamwanja Refugee Resettlement Officials, 11 July 2017.

c) Local Stakeholder Consultations:

Lyakahungu Trading Centre Leadership and Residents;

Bisozi Trading Centre Leadership and Residents;

Nkoma Sub-County and Rwamwanja Trading Centre Leadership and Residents;

Kampala B Trading Centre Leadership and Residents;

Bugwara Trading Centre Leadership and Residents;

Kasimbi Trading Centre Leadership and Residents;

Kyebando Trading Centre Leadership and Residents;

Kichuchura Trading Centre Leadership and Residents;

Nyamarwa Trading Centre Leadership and Residents;

Masenge Trading Centre Leadership and Residents; and

Lwebyayi East Division Trading Centre Leadership and Residents.

The diversity of views expressed by stakeholders are summarised in Section 6.3.


Figure 6-3 Team consults with PAPs under a mango tree (Kisalizi TC in Lot 7), 13 July 2017.

6.3. Key Stakeholder Comments

The key issues emerging from the consultations and how to appropriately respond to such, have

been analysed, based on content, and are presented in Table 6-2. Each key issue is considered and

is incorporated into this study through focussing on the identification and assessment of impacts

and/or guiding the development of mitigation measures and recommendations. The issues raised

by stakeholders in each Lot and District, are further presented in Section 7 of this report.

Table 6-2 Key Stakeholder Issues

No. Key Issue Description Response

1. Access to electricity

The proposed electricity distribution project has been welcomed in all the Districts, as electricity is considered a key driver of economic and social development of the community’s residents along or near the proposed routing. The project will trigger diversification of economic activities, boost production, result in value addition and ultimately lead to increased incomes for more residents. The project will create employment opportunities for more skilled and unskilled labour, increase small scale commercial activities (maize milling, coffee hulling, milk cooling facilities, welding and metal fabrication, fuel supply, retail trade, etc.), enhance agricultural production, boost farmers’ incomes and accelerate development at village and domestic levels. The project will also lead to improved access and delivery of water supply and health care services including improved long-term maternal health care. In addition, it is anticipated that there will be enhanced academic performance in many of the schools, as well and improved delivery of administrative services from District Local Government and other

The supportive views of stakeholders are well noted and incorporated in the assessment of positive impacts resulting from the project.



institutions in the area.

2. Compensation There is persistent concern about the issue of compensation regarding all Government projects and the proposed REA project is no exception. There is general understanding amongst the District and Local Government Officials in the Project Site that compensation will not be paid, as the project will be based in existing road reserves. There is concern in the local communities about lack of clarity on road reserves, especially in smaller feeder or access roads. There is thus a likelihood that some communities will have expectations of compensation, for loss of property or crops, especially for those residing along feeder/community roads, where road reserves have never been marked. REA was therefore requested by stakeholders to give due consideration to this issue including providing appropriate compensation where there is merit and strong justification for this action. Nonetheless, the senior leadership of the Districts in the Project Site are all committed to sensitising the local communities about the benefits of the project and the fact that compensation will generally not be a considered in the implementation of the project; yet only in exceptional circumstances.

The issue of compensation of the loss of property and crops was a significant issue, arising from many consultation, especially at the District and Local levels. This matter needs careful consideration by REA and can be further dealt with through the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP).

3. Accountability and transparency

The stakeholders raised concern about the lack of communication and feedback from REA, regarding proposed projects. In Kamwenge for instance, the stakeholders were particularly appreciative of the current efforts to consult with them ahead of the implementation of the current project. They pointed out that a previous project to generate and transmit electricity from Mpanga Dam in 2008 had affected many areas, whose residents still feel aggrieved given that no stakeholder consultations were ever conducted, and no compensation has ever been paid, even after valuation of the PAPs was concluded long before the project commenced. In Mubende, in Lot 7, the stakeholders reiterated the concern about previous assessments that had been conducted by REA in the District, yet no feedback or reports of these assessments have been communicated to the District Officials. REA was therefore requested to ensure that reports or outcomes of the on-going assessment are shared with the stakeholders, as soon as they are available – in the interest of transparency and accountability.

This study makes recommendation that the reports be sent to the respective Districts, in the spirit of accountability and transparency.

4. Loss of plantations

There is a likelihood that the construction phase of the REA project will cut down trees, especially from plantations close to the Project Site, to make way for the erection of the distribution lines. REA is requested to support the relevant District Administrations to establish woodlots, that could serve as offsets against the loss of trees, in the general areas that will be cleared of trees.

Compensation for the loss of plantations is considered and included as a mitigation measure in the ESMP, in the form of payment and/or the establishment of equal area of plantation elsewhere.

5. Waste disposal Construction waste disposal was cited as an issue of concern, noting that there is a tendency for construction workers to dump unused materials and waste in sensitive environments, such as wetlands. On occasions, the local communities around the Project Site pick up on the habit and start using wetlands to dump waste and leave litter. In addition, pieces of electric cables/conductors left behind by construction workers often end up in the hands of poachers, who use them as wire snares to trap wildlife. REA should therefore ensure that construction workers clean up the Project Site and remove all debris left over from their work. REA Contractors should sign agreements with the Wetlands Management Department or the relevant District Local Government to ensure strict compliance regarding waste management and waste disposal. Construction workers often leave behind mounds of unused backfill marram and other source materials, which are considered as new features that are introduced into sensitive environments such as wetlands and water bodies. REA should ensure that the source material

Waste management has been included as a separate impact and mitigation measures are developed to guide effective waste management during the construction period.



and backfill from external environments are, free of invasive species (seeds for example), which could impact the integrity and ecological balance of ecosystems beyond the immediate Project Site. Efforts to restore disturbed areas in sensitive environments should endeavour to use material that is not external to the disturbed area. Contractors must not construct storage facilities, construction and maintenance yards in the vicinity of sensitive environments, such as wetlands, so as to prevent run-off and pollution of these environments. Finally, the Contractors must have on-site waste disposal facilities within all construction facilities.

6. Social impacts and challenges

The construction phase of the project and the attendant influx of construction workers from outside the Project Area are likely to lead to a rise in social challenges and significant negative impacts, including spread of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases, teenage pregnancies, rise in school drop-out incidents, social tension in some homes, disruption of marriages, gender-based violence, sexual harassment, defilement of minors, child labour and abuse, exploitation and abuse of sexual workers, use of vulgar language by construction works, and increased crime, drug abuse and prostitution, among others. REA should therefore ensure that Contractors deployed to implement the project should observe strict adherence to established mechanisms to avoid the emergence of these challenges. REA should ensure that a sociologist is part of the project implementation personnel to overcome the biases and gaps that are often overlooked by teams that are predominantly engineering professionals.

Social impacts have been specifically identified and assessed across these challenges, with mitigation measures detailed in the ESMP and further recommendations provided on the behaviour and management of contract workers.

7. Recruitment of local personnel

The recruitment of local personnel should be given priority, especially during the construction phase of the project. REA should ensure that local labour, especially unskilled workers will be given priority consideration in the recruitment of personnel ahead of the implementation of the project. Gender perspectives should also be considered during the recruitment process. The project should give equal opportunity to women, including in the recruitment process and implement a policy of equal pay for equal work. District Officials at various levels should be involved or consulted in the recruitment process.

Prioritisation in the recruitment of local personnel and women has been stipulated in the ESMP.

8. Expanding the scope of distribution line project

There are several trading/growth centres found near the Project Site which merit consideration for incorporation in the design of the distribution network, because demand for electricity exists in these centres. In Kagadi District (Lot 7) for example, the scope of coverage of the proposed distribution line is relatively small compared to other Districts, which places Kagadi at a disadvantage. There are several trading/growth centres within the District which have large populations, Sub-County headquarters, active social services, including health centres, educational and religious institutions and commercial activities (including grain milling, welding, fuel stations, water supply, etc.) that would benefit from access to electricity. In addition, there are Presidential pledges for incorporation of specific growth centres into the project design, but which REA has omitted from the current project. The stakeholders identified several such centres and requested that they be given due consideration by REA. In Mubende for example, the stakeholders pointed out that this issue had already been communicated in writing and through the personal intervention of the District Chairperson in face-to-face meetings with the REA Executive Director. The demand for power from these centres is therefore considerably higher and it would be cost effective to incorporate them at this stage, rather than long after the proposed line has been built and become operational.

This issue is specifically highlighted in the recommendations made in this report, with the specific names of the trading centres mentioned in consultations, being detailed.

9. Security of assets

The concern about frequent theft of electricity distribution lines components including meters and transformer parts was raised. There is suspicion that the theft occurs with the direct involvement and collusion

The security of assets needs to be specifically addressed



of technicians from the electricity agencies. They are more knowledgeable about the value and markets for these components. The same is true of theft of power, in form of illegal connections by unscrupulous consumers. REA should keep this issue in mind especially during the construction and operational phase of the project. The police and other security agencies should be part of the process of sensitising the stakeholders during the construction of the distribution lines – from the perspective of the safety of persons, as well as potential vandalism of assets such as transformers.

through the best placement of transformers specifically, and building cooperation between REA and local stakeholders. The police and other security agencies should certainly be part of the process of sensitising of stakeholders.

10. Attitudes and perceptions about greater public good versus individual benefits

There is a pervasive attitude amongst local communities and their leaders about Government projects that are intended to provide solutions for the greater good of the community. Many see such projects as financial windfalls. Consequently, some individuals all over the country are reluctant to support such projects if they do not see any immediate financial benefits in form of compensation for example. These individuals may openly profess to support such projects, but behind the scenes, they quietly impede project progress, especially if this is contingent on open and direct cooperation from the local communities. REA will certainly experience this attitude in some parts of the Project Site. REA will need to work extensively and more regularly with local leaders to help sensitise the general public about the benefits of the project and thus ultimately engender amongst the local’s communities an appreciation of the greater good of the project benefits.

This study recommends that REA ensure good communication with local leadership, so as support expedience in project delivery and improve the level of cooperation amongst stakeholders.

11. Accessibility and affordability

The project will undoubtedly bring electricity directly to the doorsteps of many institutions, social services, facilities, small-scale commercial enterprises and households in the Project Site. However, many of these communities may not necessarily be able to afford the cost of this power. Consequently, the positive benefits or impacts of easy accessibility to this power will not be felt across the board and REA working together with District Authorities will need to tackle the issue of the economics vis-a-vis accessibility of the proposed energy distribution.

Affordability is a nexus in the debate of how to provide access to electricity and current income levels do not readily provide access to electricity. This situation will change over time, as local economic activity is stimulated, due to access to reliable power supply.

12. Alien Invasive Species (AIS)

Alien Invasive Species spread very rapidly in areas which have been cleared and that have subsequently not been properly restored. In the context of the project, the clearance of the RoW for poles and support structures during construction and maintenance should take due note of the potential for the proliferation of invasive species existing in or introduced to the Project Site. REA and the Contractors should ensure that the restoration of the disturbed areas use native plant species. REA should ensure that the Contractor engages the services of relevant experts with knowledge and experience in species identification. Furthermore, there should be routine and proper maintenance of road reserves to minimise the likelihood of the spread of invasive species that are particularly aggressive, such as Lantana camara, already evident on the site.

The management of AIS is strongly recommended and detailed both in the ESMP and recommendations of this report. It is recommended that the Contractor compile a specific AIS Management Plan for the project.


6.4. Disclosure of the ESIA Report

During stakeholder consultation meetings, mention was made on numerous occasions, requesting

further access to the project documentation. The ESIA Report has been distributed by REA for

comment, to various stakeholders, and it is recommended that copies also be sent to the relevant

District Local Governments for comment.


7. BASELINE ASSESSMENT

The baseline state or current state of the Project Site provides the context from which to consider

the environmental and social impacts of the proposed project. The baseline characteristics

described include both environmental (climate, topography, hydrology, geology, soils, biodiversity,

alien invasive species, etc.) and social indicators (income, poverty, gender issues, literacy, health

care, etc). The baseline assessment is presented for both Lot 7 (Mubende, Kibaale and Kagadi

Districts) and Lot 8 (Kamwenge District), respectively.

7.1. Environmental Baseline for Lot 7 (Mubende, Kibaale and Kagadi Districts)

a) Climate and Air Quality

The Project Site is located within the African tropics. The area in which Lot 7 is located has 2 rainy

seasons, in the periods March - May and September - December. The annual rainfall ranges

between 1,000mm and 1,500mm. The relatively high-altitude results in temperatures ranging

between 15oC to 30oC. Air quality across the Districts will be generally good outside of more settled

areas. In rural homesteads, the use of wood and charcoal for cooking and heating results in proven

breathing and other health issues, at the household level. There are no significant industries or

mining activities that could result in poor air quality along the proposed route. Air pollution seems

to occur for short periods, on a daily basis, in congested areas, resulting predominantly from

exhaust fumes (being the primary source of pollution) and the morning smog caused by domestic

fires.

b) Topography and Hydrology

The Project Site is located on the hilly plateau, known to the southern extent of the site as the

Mubende Hills, evident as granite outcrops within the landscape. The site lies east and distant to

the Great Rift Valley, more specifically the Western Rift Valley, also known as the Albertine Rift

Valley. The highest and lowest elevations (height above mean sea-level) in the Project Site are

1,097m and 1,415m. The site is undulating with shallow valleys, hosting moist soils and wetland

areas. Due to the relatively high rainfall, the area hosts many rivers and streams, as well as many

permanent and seasonal wetlands. Lot 7 lies within the Nkusi River and Muzizi River catchments,

ultimately draining into Lake Albert to the north west.

c) Geology and Soils

The Project Site is located on the Central Plateau containing Proterozoic10 Metamorphosed11

Sediments and Intrusive12 Granites. Such granite rock deposits are clearly evident in places along

the proposed route, especially in south towards the town of Mubende at Mubende Hill. In this area,

the landscape is known as the ‘Mubende Hills’, due to these granite outcrops.

10 The Proterozoic is a geological eon representing the time just before the proliferation of complex life on Earth. The name

Proterozoic comes from Greek and means 'earlier life', the Greek root 'protero-’, means 'former, earlier' and 'zoic-', means 'animal, living being'. The Proterozoic Eon extended from 2500 to 541 million years ago. 11

Metamorphism refers to the process arising from the transformation of existing rock types to either metomorphic rock or

sediments. 12

Intrusive rock forms within the Earth's crust from the crystlillsation of magma as it pushes up from deep within the Earth and slowly cools and forms rock, a process that can take millions of years.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eon_%28geology%29

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth


Figure 7-1 Granite outcrops are a common landscape feature in several parts of Lot 7 (Mubende and Kibaale

Districts)

The soils evident in the Project Site are mainly of the ferralitic type13. The fertility of such soils

depends on favourable rainfall, adequate depth and the maintenance of the humic top soil. Red

loam soils14 with varying levels of clay content occur commonly, with more fertile soils being found

closer to and within wetland areas. The area does experience periodic earthquakes due to tectonic

shifts related to the splitting of the African Plate in the Nubian and Somali Plates, forming the Great

Rift Valley.

d) Vegetation

Lot 7 largely crosses settled and built-up areas interspersed in rangelands with modified equatorial

type, wooded savannah mosaic, savannah grassland, supporting an active agro-ecosystem. Due to

deforestation, natural areas of vegetation now rarely survive, and these occur mainly in permanent

wetlands areas. For the most part, the Project Site crosses through an area previously mapped as

Dry Acacia Savannah, dominated by Acacia-Cymbopogon-Themeda complex floristic characters. The

landscape in the Project Site is highly transformed from original natural state and in contrast, hosts

13 A group of soils that form in the humid tropics as the result of chemical weathering (accompanied by decomposition of most

of the primary minerals, except quartz, and accumulation of secondary minerals, such as kaolinite, goethite, and gibbsite) and by the accumulation of humus beneath forest vegetation. They typically have a low silica content and a high content of aluminium and iron. 14

Loam soils are composed mostly of sand, silt and a small amount of clay. Loam soils can contain more nutrients and humus, thus retaining moisture and are ideally suited for agricultural activities.


few remaining species. Very little remaining natural vegetation cover of conservation importance

remains, due to extensive human activities.

There is no characterisation of rare and/or restricted-range species. The conservation value of

species found was rated as below average, with no restricted-range or endemic species. No Red List

species have been recorded within the Project Site and the project will not pass through any

nationally or locally recognised biodiversity hotspot. The Project Site also does not fall into a

recognised International Bird Area or Key Biodiversity Area for Uganda. Generally, there is no

important conservation areas or species recorded along the proposed power line route. Overall, the

vegetation structure has been significantly altered to very low status vegetation, currently formed

as detailed in Table 7-1. The results shown here have been assessed using GIS.

Table 7-1 Lot 7 Vegetation Formation

No. Vegetation Type % Coverage

1. Farmlands (cultivated land and grazing lands) 79

2. Remnant Forest 4

3. Wetlands (including Riparian Thicket with Caparis, Lantana and Vernonia) 4

4. Woodlots (mainly Pine sp. and Eucalyptus sp.) 1

5. Transformed (by urban settlement: trading centre/village/homestead) 12

Total 100

Figure 7-2 Remnant native trees, like Senna spectabilis, and forest patches must be retained.


The Project Area is described as hosting low tree-bush and stands of remnant forest, composed of

Acacia sieberiana, Acalypha bipartite, Acanthus pubescens, Artocarpus heterophylla, Cynodon

dactylon among others. However, much of this vegetation has since been severely degraded; yet in

some areas along the road reserves, residual trees remain and many of the primary forest tree

species are still present, represented by saplings or seedlings. This area is also composed of

Combretum savanna dominated vegetation and covered by Combretum molle, Combretum

collinum, Terminalia glaucescens and Acacia hockii with tall grasses, with Cyperus papyrus in

wetlands. These areas are dominated by the grasses, herbaceous climbers, trees and shrubs,

composed of Acalypha bipartite, Acanthus pubescens, Adenostemma caffrum, Artocarpus

heterophylla, Croton macrostachyus, Cyperus papyrus, Digitaria ternate, Eleusine indica, Eucalyptus

sp., Galisonga parviflora, Markhamia lutea, Pavonia urens, Pennisetum purpureum, Phoenix

reclinata. Herbaceous and grass species dominate the species mix, showing a landscape and area

that is often disturbed.

e) Wildlife

In general terms, Uganda has a wide range of medium-sized and large mammals. These range from

the small Cape Hare to the largest terrestrial mammals (African Savanna Elephant). There were

none encountered during the survey, except the Black and White Colobus Monkey near Kabubbu

TC. There could be some other wildlife species that could typically be found along the power line.

An example of such would include Vervet Monkeys for instance, as they usually associate

themselves with riverine ecosystems and have been reported to be resident in some areas. No

other wildlife species among global, regional or national threatened wildlife, endangered endemics,

was identified in the area.

f) Birds

There were 62 species recorded at the sample sites in Lot 7, at Kibedi, Ngusi, Mbaya, Togabikere,

Muzizi and Mitujju. These locations and the full list of bird species recorded in the savannah-

woodland and farmlands, are included in Appendix E. The land area is heavily modified by farming

activities; with trees and fewer thickets, including some wetlands where birds were seen and heard

in trees and shrubs. These habitats provide favourable areas, where relatively few species were

recorded, as detailed in Table 7-2.

Table 7-2 Lot 7 Bird Count

No. Bird Type Category Bird Counts

(over 5 sample sites)

1. Habitat Specialists Forest specialists (FF) 7

Forest generalists (F) 90

Other tree species (f) 83

Grassland specialists (G) 1

Wetland specialists (W) 0

Species often seen near wetlands (w) 0

Aerial feeders (Ae) 4

2. Migrants Palearctic (P) 0

Afrotropical (A) 0

3. Regional Red Data Species Near-threatened (R-NT) 2




Of regional responsibility (R-RR) 1

These birds seem to have adapted into the modified ecosystem, thus the recorded total species

cannot be concluded as total species of the area. Afep Pigeon (Columba unicincta), Broad-billed

Roller (Eurystomus glaucurus), Crowned Hornbill (Tockus alboterminatus), Grey-Backed

Camaroptera (Camaroptera brachyuran), to mention a few, occur in the area. These were

commonly recorded by their calls or in flight within the area.

g) Alien Invasive Species

The existing farmlands already host existing invasive species, such as the shrubs Acacia hockii,

Acanthus pubescens, Lantana camara, Mimoso pigra and the tree Senna spectabilis, prevalent in

areas. Invasive species that are particularly aggressive and therefore worthy of special note in the

context of the project, include Mimosa pigra (local name ‘mukwe wewumbe’), Cymbopogon nardus

(Citronella grass or local name ‘mutete’) and Parthenium histerophorus (Congress or Famine weed),

although not identified in the Project Site specifically. Both Lantana camara and Mimosa pigra are

evident on the site and are high-risk invasive species that spread very aggressively, form dense

thickets and displace other vegetation. Senna spectabilis grows very tall and very rapidly and may

therefore cause potential problems to overhead electricity cables and thus lead to high

maintenance costs for REA. This species suppresses other tree species, rapidly becomes dominant

and alters the integrity and diversity of the native plant species. Such exotic species that are

aggressive and can result in impeding the local economy, require stringent and drastic measures.

Parthenium histerophorus (Famine weed), which has been reported in the Mubende area in Lot 7,

remains a threat to a rural economy, if it becomes established, as it can result in severe human

illness and lead to death when proliferation becomes uncontrolled. It annihilates local native

species and ecosystem habitats and can poison animals feeding on it.

Invasive species tend to affect the species composition of ecosystems by forming monocultures and

wiping out the original biodiversity. Some are more aggressive and detrimental, than others. Rapid

spread is aided by their ability to rapidly multiply, as well as being free of other natural limiting

species, which would curb their growth in their natural habitat. Typically, invasive species have no

natural enemy and can thus spread rapidly and dominate areas, even if well-established vegetation

exists in the case of some species; invasive species create a direct threat to the long-term

sustainability of the local economy and human well-being. The limited opening of relatively small

areas and clearing for power line installations may increase the occurrence of these species, yet

only if left unmanaged. Any potential spread of seeds for instance, is expected during the

construction phase. Sometimes seeds or debris plants may be carried within construction materials

imported into the area. These then lead to the establishment of more extensive areas covered by

colonies on weed species. Animals, such as rats can also be carried with construction materials

during importation.

h) Critical Habitats: Wetland and Riparian Areas

The wetland systems traversed by the proposed distribution line project, range from dense

continuous Papyrus to mixed stands with Typha, Phragmites, and Miscanthedium (refer to

Appendix E for species lists). The fringes of the wetlands can also host shrubs, trees and riparian

thicket, an essential component of the wetland ecosystem, providing habitat for various species of


birds. The overall observation is that except for the relatively intact large wetland or swamp areas,

which are common in areas of Kibaale and Kagadi Districts, other areas of natural vegetation have

mostly been converted by human settlement and farming. Some areas have been cleared for

grazing and wetland areas are also cleared to provide fertile area for growing food and cash crops.

Although traversing mostly highland hills, in total the proposed route crosses wetland areas 31

times. Some smaller wetland areas are seasonal, while others are larger and less seasonal. The

larger wetland areas over 200m wide in Lot 7 are located at Luzaire, Mbaya, Kasuti, Kyakatwanga

TC, Mulika TC, Rwenkorokoma, Lwebyayi TC and Mijunwa TC. Wetland areas in Lot 7 are detailed in

Table 7-3.

Table 7-3 X and Y Co-ordinates for Wetland Areas crossed in Lot 7

No. Name Length (m)

X Start Y Start X End Y End

1. Luzaire 370 30,90158767200 0,90076028600 30,90480834100 0,89995140000

2. Kamirabara 136 30,92285117900 0,88788478300 30,92400061700 0,88829468400

3. Kampuga 80 30,96316314700 0,88359692400 30,96387295300 0,88347459300

4. Kangorongwa 108 31,04172355900 1,00657040200 31,04097493900 1,00595143400

5. Nyamiringa 90 31,07875904800 0,94336109500 31,07875906300 0,94255022700

6. Bagoya-Kasambya 156 31,07865328800 0,94232106800 31,07873264600 0,94091087100

7. Kakoko 126 31,08366789100 0,91697148000 31,08309771700 0,91795781000

8. Mbaya 96 31,09368786900 0,89745714300 31,09328756000 0,89822905000

9. Samo 203 31,04979075900 1,01261126200 31,05117759900 1,01380502400

10. Bwasiita 88 31,09499027800 0,89081194200 31,09547388200 0,89143768900

11. Kaborogota 85 31,09357331200 0,88379989100 31,09308785300 0,88320332700

12. Mbaya 251 31,08591863400 0,85877252600 31,08567154300 0,85651832500

13. Nyabunyana 104 31,07617819000 0,75940414600 31,07534726500 0,75897891700

14. Kihura 109 31,12347014200 0,72211548400 31,12277374700 0,72280707900

15. Nabatende-Nyabigango 159 31,15069411400 0,70747352700 31,15173698100 0,70648861900

16. Kasuti 225 31,17509049200 0,69858225600 31,17705995800 0,69855441400

17. Kyakatwanga TC 438 31,18395740000 0,69677907300 31,18657401200 0,69694538200

18. Mulika TC 307 31,19383029100 0,71691495800 31,19529153900 0,71486716600

19. Rwenkorokoma 101 31,26027894300 0,67548822500 31,25952965100 0,67601047600

20. Rwenkorokoma 342 31,27432513800 0,66072310100 31,27240478700 0,66314233500

21. Namukya 86 31,28027873200 0,63783026000 31,27993219400 0,63852337800

22. Namukya 93 31,28590287000 0,63404565900 31,28521999200 0,63452705800

23. Namukya 107 31,28232714000 0,63557206800 31,28154987700 0,63614268800

24. Muzizi 189 31,30347148800 0,61652820900 31,30201928400 0,61739015400

25. Muzizi 182 31,30758002800 0,61155754000 31,30660010700 0,61287991400

26. Kayinja TC 197 31,32558597400 0,59233362600 31,32489012400 0,59395747400

27. Lwebyayi TC 232 31,34052451600 0,58377305100 31,34253476100 0,58427355400


No. Name Length (m)


28. Lwebyayi TC 103 31,34569800800 0,58334035300 31,34619871600 0,58412161000

29. Mijunwa TC 435 31,35509907600 0,59719927100 31,35502179400 0,60101411200

30. Kabajoki TC 83 31,35804067600 0,61198716000 31,35750827600 0,61251294500

31. Togabikere 91 31,32501102300 0,57256072400 31,32579474600 0,57279793200

These Wetland Areas vary in terms of water quality and ecosystem function, as well as the degree

to which these may be impacted by agricultural activities.

Figure 7-3 Wetlands Areas, typically featuring Papyrus, occur numerously along the route and relied upon for

livelihood and harvesting.

The location of medium-sized Wetland Areas (greater than 200m crossing) along the route in Lot 7

are illustrated in Figure 7-4.

i) Protected Areas

There are various Forest Reserves around the Project Site for Lot 7. The route itself however only

traverses across the Mubende Forest Reserve for 151m, at the southern extent of Lot 7. Site

inspection reveals that this section of powerline has already been constructed. The Forest Reserve

is closest to Mubende, has also been severely altered and unfortunately no longer hosts any

remnant forest of significance. The project does not traverse any other Protected Area.

Table 7-4 Protected Areas crossed in Lot 7


No. Name Length (m)


1. Mubende Local Forest Reserve 151 31,380978 0,585646 31,382076 0,586442


Figure 7-4 Medium-sized Wetland Areas in Lot 7 (Mubende, Kibaale and Kagadi Districts)


j) Private Woodlots

Private woodlots of Pine sp. and Eucalyptus sp. occur in numerous places along the route and

totalling approximately 3km in length, as detailed in Table 7-5.

Table 7-5 Location Points for Private Woodlots crossed in Lot 7

No. Length (m) X Start Y Start X End Y End Side of RoW

1. 290 31,079917 0,847143 31,081228 0,849410 West

2. 222 31,078100 0,843624 31,077258 0,841808 Both sides

3. 118 31,072735 0,825138 31,072596 0,824078 West

4. 201 31,122172 0,723358 31,120989 0,724731 South West

5. 23 31,151677 0,706440 31,151847 0,706325 South West

6. 108 31,158353 0,701815 31,159265 0,701519 North

7. 94 31,188559 0,697176 31,189388 0,697020 North

8. 220 31,190312 0,696856 31,192074 0,697504 Both sides

9. 175 31,198964 0,697224 31,200398 0,697268 South

10. 61 31,201107 0,696737 31,201629 0,696577 South West

11. 169 31,234865 0,681720 31,236265 0,681139 North East

12. 134 31,305915 0,613719 31,305237 0,614720 South West

13. 79 31,318263 0,601545 31,317871 0,602140 Both sides

14. 213 31,070029 1,032423 31,069598 1,034294 Both sides

15. 29 31,074844 0,758837 31,075068 0,758974 North West

16. 76 31,075322 0,759042 31,075961 0,759278 Both sides

17. 286 31,106080 0,754913 31,104056 0,756378 South West

18. 23 30,934744 0,893469 30,934946 0,893407 South

19. 75 30,943049 0,888941 30,943590 0,888541 Both sides

20. 64 31,072910 0,990064 31,072633 0,989556 West

21. 238 31,091363 0,905012 31,092182 0,904416 Both sides

22. 80 31,281252 0,636640 31,280781 0,637191 North East

k) Burning of Vegetation

Wetland and forest burning for clearing and charcoal production unfortunately occurs on an

unsustainable basis and destroys a lot of biodiversity; this remains a concern. This should be highly

discouraged, because this poses a threat to the diversity in these areas, some of which may not be

fire tolerant. These activities also trigger succession changes, leading to replacement of natural

wetland vegetation. As a result of custom, culture or social habits, people have predominantly

engaged in annual bushfires. The fires are set to encourage new growth for farming activities, like

grazing. The risk of soil erosion, because of bush clearing has increased. The major impact to the

project will include the burning of poles and other electrical installations during a wild fire, for

instance, which will also affect the power supply.


7.2. Social Baseline for Lot 7 (Mubende, Kibaale and Kagadi Districts)

The information for the social baseline has been sourced from the Mubende District Development

Plan 2015/16-2020/21, Kibaale District Development Plan 2015/16-2020/21 and Kagadi District

Development Plan 2015/16-2020/21, other available reports and directly from local stakeholders.

The social information from these reports and data from the site has been assimilated and

presented as a baseline for Lot 7.

a) Administrative Boundaries

The propose route of the distribution line in Lot 7 crosses 3 Districts, 4 Counties and 14 Sub-

Counties (UBOS. 2014.), as detailed in Table 7-9.

Table 7-6 Project Counties and Sub-Counties crossed in Lot 7

No. County Sub-County District

1. Buwekula Kiyuni Mubende

2. Buwekula Mubende Town Council Mubende

3. Kasambya Bagezza Mubende

4. Kasambya Kibalinga Mubende

5. Buyanja Bwamiramira Kibaale

6. Buyanja Kibaale Town Council Kibaale

7. Buyanja Kyebando Kibaale

8. Buyanja Matale Kibaale

9. Buyanja Mugarama Kibaale

10. Buyanja Nyamarunda Kibaale

11. Buyanja Nyamarwa Kibaale

12. Buyaga Kabamba Kagadi

13. Buyaga Kiryanga Kagadi

14. Buyaga Kyanaisoke Kagadi

b) Land Use

The following land use categories were documented along the project route in Lot 7:

Agricultural based activities (both subsistence and commercial);

Private forest estate (e.g. individual, community and commercial forest estates);

Sites for settlements and industries;

Public utilities (including roads, power transmission and water systems); and

Earth material extraction (stone quarrying).

Agriculture was the major land use activity in the Project Area combining both crop and animal

rearing. Crops like maize, cassava, bananas, beans, sweet potatoes, mangoes and coffee are grown

for home consumption and for sale. There are also many farmers in the area who rear cattle.

The housing structures are a mixture of both permanent and semi-permanent settlements

scattered within the villages, especially in Kagadi and Kibale, yet are more pronounced in the

trading centres in areas of Mubende.


Private forest plantations were common and contained mainly softwood plantations of Eucalyptus

sp. and Pines sp., especially within Mubende District. Harvested timber poles are being produced as

an alternative source of income. Wood is also harvested to produce charcoal, for sale locally and at

main trading centres. Most of the Project Areas do not have any Physical Development Plans in

place, hence trading centres are growing haphazardly, while a few rural growth centres have

maintained the frontage of the buildings in line with the road reserve.

Figure 7-5 Land use revolves predominantly around livestock and crop farming activities (north of Mubende

Town, Mubende District).

c) Land Tenure

The main land tenure systems in the area include: Mailo, Customary, Freehold, Leasehold and

public land. In both Mubende and Kibaale Districts, the most common land tenure system included

customary land and mailo with some areas having public land, especially institutions. Mubende and

Kagadi project areas are situated in the counties of Buwekula, Bugangaizi, Buyanja and Buyaga.

Apart from Buwekula County found in Buganda region, the other 3 counties are in Bunyoro region.

The 3 counties in Bunyoro are historically known as the ‘lost counties’, having been given away to

Buganda during the colonial times. This giveaway is said to have been effected, complete with

registered land titles. This is the genesis of the term ‘absentee Land Lords’. The Buganda chiefs who

were given these large pieces of land effectively remained ‘de jure’ owners of the land, while the

indigenous people remained ‘de facto’ owner’s, hence absentee landlords. However, it was noted

that the majority of the people were bonafide occupants of the land, having been there for several

years. There has been a process of titling of the bonafide land occupants by the Government

through Uganda Land Commission. Many of the rural roads lack recognisable road reserves and can

be categorised as community access routes with reserves that are fully utilised by the communities.


It is therefore inevitable to have some trees, crops and vegetation in road reserves, which will be

impacted upon during the project implementation.

d) Mubende District: Baseline Socio-economic Indicators

i) Population

According to the NPHC 2014, Mubende District has a population of 684,348 people comprising 346,654 males and 337,694 females. This has increased in comparison to the 2002 census, which put the population of the same District at 423,422 people. Kiyuni Sub-County, where the power distribution line will traverse, has a total population of 39,858 people. Currently the population density is at 121 people per sq. km, compared to 100 persons per sq. km in 2002. This increase is attributed to immigration by settlers from densely populated Districts and the high fertility rates in the District. The population of Mubende District is currently projected to be 601,466 people. The local population is expected to increase in areas where construction will be undertaken and the community expressed fear about the likely increase in occurrence of broken marriages, because of married women and young girls being lured into sexual acts by construction workers. ii) Ethnicity and religion

The Mubende District is composed of people of different social and ethnic origins with majority

being Baganda 36.1%, followed by Banyoro 14%, Banyankole 11.4%, Bakiga 10.7%, Bafumbira

9.9%, Banyarwanda 6.8%, Bakhonzo 3.1%, Batoro 2.5%, Basoga 0.7% and others 4.6% (DDP.

2016-2021.). Mubende is not exclusive on the influence of various religion denominations, thus

there exists followers of Christianity, Islam and some have jealously preserved their African

traditional religion. The majority are Christians 87.1% (Catholics 45.5%, COU 31%, and other

Christians 9.8%), followed by Islam 9.6% and others 3.4%.

iii) Economic activities

Agriculture is by far the main economic activity in the Project Area of Mubende District. Over

70% of the population depends on subsistence farming as the main source of livelihood. The

rest of the population depends on employment income, trading and cottage industries. Maize

so far, is the major crop produced in the District, both as food crop and cash crop, followed by

matooke, cassava, beans, sweet potatoes, groundnuts, Irish potatoes and sweet bananas. Like

elsewhere in the District, it was observed that the Project Area has similar farming patterns,

with maize being the most common crop grown by households, as the following shows:

‘The main economic activity is farming, and major crops include maize, coffee, beans and

bananas. Extension of power will ensure value addition, which will earn more income.’ Focus Group Discussion, Lwebyayi Trading Centre. 14/07/2017.

Other economic activities include small-scale industries (agro-processing), retail business, fuel

vending, both in small jerry cans and pump stations, grain stores and boda boda transport.

Most of these activities are undertaken by the population living in the trading centres.

According to the Mubende DDP 2015, piggery is also a profitable venture in this area, and the

District is one of the key sources of pork supply for the growing market in Kampala.

iv) Industry


Industrial activity in Mubende District, in as far as it contributes to income generation, is still

limited. There are small-scale industries involved in the processing of agricultural products,

mainly coffee, tea and maize. There are also small-scale factories for artisans engaged in metal

fabrication, woodwork, handcrafts and clay works. Industrial activities are located in trading

centres along the hydro-electricity grid. Therefore, extending power will enhance growth and

expansion of such activities along the proposed power line route.

v) Access to health care

Discussions revealed that the coverage of health centres in the project Area in Mubende

District is good, and they were targeted during the project design with the intention of

connecting them other public institutions to electricity. Delivery of services is sometimes

hampered by lack of power at these facilities, which the government is expected to improve

with the proposed extension of the electricity grid. The following is illustrative:

‘There will be improvement in service delivery in the medical and education sectors, because

some medicines require constant refrigeration. Our health centre could be considered for

upgrade, in terms of services offered, when we get power.’ Focus Group Discussion, Lwebyayi Trading Centre. 14/07/2017.

It should also be noted that although about 90% of the households are within a 5km radius to a

health facility, there are some households particularly in hard to reach areas, who have

difficulty accessing health care services. Kiyuni Sub-County, which is part of the Project Area,

has four health centres (1 Health Centre III and 3 Health Centre II). The main health centre in

the Sub-County being Kiyuni Health Centre III.

vi) Energy sources

The main source of energy for domestic needs in the Project Area is firewood for cooking and

kerosene/paraffin for lighting, for most households that can afford it. Other energy sources for

lighting in the Project Area include solar energy and generators. It was observed that there are

activities undertaken, such as maize milling, battery charging, welding and hair salons that are

powered by diesel power generators.

vii) Education and literacy

According to the NPHC 2014, 30% of the population was recorded as being illiterate. This is the

same as the national education average of 71% of Ugandans having attained primary level

education. It can be concluded that the education levels in the Project Area is thus generally

low. This means communication about project activities should mainly be conducted in the

local language. The limited education also indicates limited skills among local people, which

means they can only be engaged for casual work. This was stressed during a district meeting as

below.

‘There is need to consider local people for non-skilled labour because it is readily available.

This she said would instil a sense of ownership for the project by community members. The

local content principals should be promoted during project implementation, because it

enhances the community’s sense of project ownership and reduces on the likelihood of

community members vandalising project materials


Mubende District Meeting 14/07/2017.

viii) Access to clean water

The water coverage in Mubende District stands at 60% with most households having access to

boreholes and protected springs. In Mubende Municipality, the residents have piped water

provided by National Water and Sewerage Cooperation. In Kiyuni Sub-County 59% of the

population has access to clean water. According to the Uganda Water Supply Atlas 2017,

Mubende has 956 domestic water points, which serve a total of 229,248 people in rural areas,

of which 131 water points have been non-functional for over 5 years and are considered

abandoned.

ix) Cultural heritage

Although the Mubende District is in Buganda Kingdom, it also hosts the historical home of the

great Bunyoro Kitara Empire with the seat of King Ndahula, the Chwezi and site for Queen and

Priestess Nakayima, at the popular tree on Mubende Hill. The main custodian of the cultural

heritage in the Buganda Kingdom is headed by his majesty the Kabaka of Buganda. The

different ethnic groups enjoy a wealth of cultural values and traditions in forms of Clan

systems, language, dressing, folklore, foods, music, dance, drama and crafts. There has been

changing cultural values due to the influence of western cultures and education. No sites of

cultural importance were encountered along the road reserve in the Project Site. In regard to

the impact on culture, it was noted that:

‘Vulgar language is widely used by line construction workers, but it is not culturally

acceptable, and people are sensitive and repulsive to such. This should be discouraged, and

measures put in place to ensure that culprits are punished.’ Key Informant Interview, Mubende District Environment Officer: pers. comm. 14/07/2017.

x) Poverty and vulnerability analysis

Mubende like many Districts in Uganda, has remarkably improved in the standards of living of

its people. However, there are still remarkable poverty pockets within the District. According to

WRI 2005, Mubende has 20-30% of its people, below the poverty line. The sub-counties of

Butoloogo, Madudu and Kiyuni, which are in the Project Area, rank among the poorest in the

Mubende District.

xi) Orphans and vulnerability children (OVC)

According to the MDLG 2013, 27.6% (123,696) of all children in the District fall under the

orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) category. Specifically, 17% are child mothers, another

17% are school dropouts, 15.5% are child laborers, 13% are orphans, 11% of children head

families, while 10% are disabled. The report further pronounced that crimes committed to

children include defilement and assault, take the lead as reported to police.

xii) Gender analysis

Gender is interpreted as the socially ascribed roles and responsibilities of men and women in

society; it has gravely affected development as it takes the responsibility for imbalances in

access to services, benefit from the proceeds and control over capital resources away from

women and girls. The situation has further been aggravated by the fact that the Mubende


District economic base is unreliable, due to dependency on the subsistence agriculture sector.

There is growing unemployment and under-employment levels, with little recognition of the

contribution of women to development. Mubende District Local Government has over the

years made efforts to develop interventions that can help in addressing issues of persistent

inequality reduction, vulnerability and risk reduction, homelessness, social protection and

gender imbalances. Most of the interventions have been directed to gender inequalities, abject

poverty and HIV/AIDS epidemic that have continued to place a huge burden on the District,

Lower Local Governments, community and household resources, which in turn have

endangered human capacity and productivity.

xiii) Gender-based violence

The term ‘gender-based violence’ (GBV) is used to describe violent acts targeting individuals

based on their sex, gender identity, or their perceived adherence to gender norms. According

to Tushabe 2010, in Mubende, GBV is stated to be driven by sanctity and cherishing of culture,

absence of sexual education and the subservience in which girls and women were socialized

into the household political economy. Other factors such as persisting land wrangles and

poverty had inadvertently led to rising levels of GBV that manifest in form of abandoning

spouses, early and forced marriages.

xiv) Tourism

The most popular tourist attraction in Mubende District is the Nakayima tree, where about 30

people on average visit daily to get blessings such as wealth, children and fortunes. The tree is

estimated by residents to be more than 400 years old. Locals say it was planted by Nakayima,

who was the wife of Nduhura, a Bunyoro Prince.

e) Kibaale District: Baseline Socio-economic Indicators

i) Population

According to the NPHC 2014, Kibaale District has a population of 785,088 people composed of 389,784 males and 395,305 females. Like the rest of the country the District has a young population with 61.5% of the population being below 20 years. This population structure represents a high dependency rate on the few working people and presents areas of high expenditure for government in terms of education and medical care. Kibaale District has a total of 168,358 Households, giving an average size of 4.7 persons per household. Most families are extended in nature, leading to economic pressure on the head of the household.

ii) Religious composition

Majority of the population in Kibaale District were Catholics, amounting to 52% followed by Anglican 25%, Pentecostals 3%, Moslems 3%, Seven Day Adventist 3%, other religions 13% and no religion 0.6%. The composition of other religions increased due to many converting from their original faith to Unity of Faith, led by Owobusobozi Bisaka, which was categorized as part of the other religions.

iii) Citizenship and ethnicity

More than 99% of the population in Kibaale District are Ugandans. The majority of the people in Kibaale are Banyoro 48.1%, followed by Bakiga 31.4%, Bafumbira 8%, Bakhonzo 2.9% Banyankole 2.3%, Batoro 2.1% and other Ugandans, accounting for 5.2%.


Figure 7-6 Rural roads provide essential access to the population, with trading activities occurring in trading

centres (Lwebyayi TC in Lot 7).

iv) Economic activities

Agriculture is the major economic activity in the Kibaale District, employing 89% of the District

population (crop farming 85.8% and other agricultural activities 3.2%). Major crops grown

include maize, bananas, beans, rice, coffee, tea, ground nuts and cassava. Major livestock kept

include cattle, goats, poultry, pigs and sheep; as the following shows:

‘Farming is the main activity in the area now. The proposed project will provide more

opportunities in the area, especially for the cottage industry. Services, such as maize

grinding and welding will be brought nearer to the people because electricity will be

available, hence diversification of opportunities.’ Focus Group Discussion, Kichuchura Primary School. 13/07/2017.

Other economic activities include public service, education and health 3.2%, other social

services 1.5%, sale of foodstuffs, household and personal goods 1.5%, construction 0.8%,

manufacturing foods and beverages 0.4%, other manufacturing 0.8%, mining and quarrying

0.1%, sale, maintenance and repair of machinery and parts 0.4%, hotels and lodging, bars,

restaurants and eating places 0.6%, transport, posts and telecommunication, financial

institutions 0.5% and others economic activities 1%.

v) Health

Discussions with district officials reveal that the health infrastructure has greatly improved in

Kibaale District over the last five years, both in distribution and general condition of health unit

structures. It should be noted that a considerable number of people still travel more than 5

kilometres to the nearest health unit.


Table 7-10 summarizes health units by category and ownership. Table 7-7 Health Units in Kibaale District

No. Status Government Non-government Total

1. Hospital 1 0 1

2. Health Centre II 16 9 25

3. Health Centre III 16 9 25

4. Health Centre IV 3 1 4

TOTAL 36 19 55

5. Registered clinics - 24 24

6. Registered drug stores - 125 125

vi) Road network

Kibaale District’s road network forms the largest part of the District expenditure and the total

road network amounts to 527km. Due to the increasing number of settlements, there is need

for increasing access roads, yet limited funds and high cost of maintaining the existing roads on

periodic basis is a major challenge. The proposed project runs along some of these roads.

vii) Water and sanitation

Safe water coverage in the Kibaale District stands at 68%, while sanitation coverage is also at

68%. This average coverage varies between sub-counties. There are high hopes as the following

shows:

‘The area has plans of a piped water project, therefore extending power will ensure

availability of water within the community.’ Focus Group Discussion, Nyamarwa Trading Centre. 13/07/2017.

Critical challenges affecting access to safe water include a deep-water table in some sub-

counties, which calls for drilling of deep boreholes resulting in high expenses. Inadequate

funding and the break-down of water sources are also major challenges in the water sector.

viii) Culture and heritage

During fieldwork, discussion was held with Mr Bukya Emma, the Ichumu and representative of

traditional Omukama of Bunyoro Kitara Kingdom. On studying the proposed coverage of the

project in Districts relevant to the Bunyoro Kingdom, he confirmed that he was not aware of

any sensitive cultural sites likely to be impacted by the project. He said none of the sites of

significance, like the tombs at Mparo, Hoima, regalia and other items located within the

precincts of the Kingdom seat are in the Project Site. In other words, these locations are not

anywhere near the proposed Project Area. These facts were also confirmed by team meeting

with the Department of Museums and Monuments in the same Ministry. About cultural

impacts:

‘Vulgar language used by construction workers is not culturally acceptable and REA should

provide a strict code of conduct to construction workers.’ Focus Group Discussion, Kibaale District Headquarters. 12/07/2017.

ix) Poverty and vulnerability analysis


The percentage of Kibaale’s population that lives below the poverty line stands at 24%. The

main cause of poverty in the recent past has been low crop yields, due to effects of climate

change (especially prolonged drought, excessive rainfall, hailstorm, windstorm and floods), crop

diseases and declining soil fertility. Many of the poor people are located in the rural

communities, with women and children being the most vulnerable across the whole District.

x) Poverty and livelihoods

In Kibaale District the usually poor eat one balanced meal a day. This explains the high level of

stuntedness in the District, which stands at 34% of the children below 5 years. In terms of

housing, the poor mainly live in semi-permanent houses made up of mud and wattle (grass

thatched or thatched with iron sheets). The average land holding for the poor is 4 acres

usually owned as Bibanja. Rudimental tools of production like the hand hoe, panga and axe

are used. The poor use own labour to engage in agriculture, instead of hired labour, since

they cannot afford the latter; this largely explains the high school dropout rate among the

poor communities.

xi) Gender analysis

Kibaale District recognizes that promotion of gender equality and empowerment is in line

with the millennium development goals and a key player in the development dynamics of the

population. Regardless of several ground-breaking advances, particularly in the political and

legal spheres, inequality remains a constant feature of social, economic and political arenas.

Women in the District remain disadvantaged in education, employment and in the ownership

of land, which limits effort to make decisions about use of available land, yet this is the most

valuable resource at household level. The District has employed several methods of promoting

gender equality and application of affirmative action in recruitment of personnel,

appointment of members on statutory bodies and timely promotion of both male and

female staff based on performance, planning, budgeting, resource allocation and service

delivery. The District has enacted a District Gender Policy, which the guiding framework for

the implementation of day-to-day gender issues in the District and gender commitment

statements per sector for each financial year. The project is likely to impact on women

positively and negatively if social impacts are not well managed. It was noted:

‘Instances of gender-based violence could increase. This is likely to arise when women work

for long hours, thereby neglecting their domestic responsibilities. Men could also be

overworked leading to failure to perform their marital duties which could cause marriage

breakdown.’ Focus Group Discussion, Kibaale District Headquarters, 12/07/2017.

xii) HIV/AIDS analysis

The prevalence of HIV/AIDS in the Kibaale District is at 5.2%, but this oscillates between 4.2%

and 5.9%. Although this is below the national prevalence rate of 7.2%, HIV/AIDS is a public

health problem in the District. This is evidenced by people’s awareness on HIV, counselling and

testing, patients attending health units for treatment of opportunistic infections, testing HIV in

mothers attending antenatal care clinic through sentinel surveillance, prevention of mother to

child transmission, and patients on Tuberculosis treatment.

‘HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases are likely to increase in the area, due to

population influx. They said construction workers could lure married women, students and


under-aged girls into sexual relations, leaving impacts that will last long after the project is

implemented.’ Focus Group Discussion, Kibaale District Headquarters. 12/07/2017.

In a baseline study conducted in 2000, the following factors were associated with prevalence of

HIV/AIDS: poverty, alcohol consumption, sexually transmitted diseases, multiple sexual

partners, unsafe sex practices, early sexual debut, defilement and rape, and cultural practices

like wife inheritance. The proposed project is expected to enhance development in the area,

which will ultimately reduce poverty levels and its attendant burdens.

f) Kagadi District: Baseline Socio-economic Indicators

i) Population

According to the NPHC 2014, the total population of Kagadi District stands at 352,815, with

171,961 (48.7%) males and 180,854 (51.3%) females. Between 2002 and 2014, the population

of Kagadi grew at a rate of 5.54 % per annum. This growth rate is higher than the national

average but can mainly be explained by the continued influx of people from densely populated

Districts. The total fertility rate is also relatively high due to low levels of family planning

prevalent in the District, hence contributing to the high growth rate. According to NPHC 2014

census, more than 20% of the population in Kagadi District were migrants from other Districts

and other parts of the world and more than 20% of them were from Kabale District, followed by

Kabarole, Kisoro and nearly 2% were non-Ugandans.

ii) Economic activity

Agriculture is the major economic activity in the District, employing over 70% of the District

population. Major crops grown include maize, bananas, beans, rice, coffee, tea, ground nuts

and cassava. Major livestock kept include cattle, goats, poultry, pigs and sheep. Other

economic activities include trade, especially in agricultural produce and finished products, small

scale cottage industries (mainly agro-based), leisure and hospitality, plus other businesses in

the service sector, like private schools and private health facilities.


Figure 7-7 Thirty (30) schools are along the proposed project route (St. Andrea Primary School, Mugoiia TC,

Kagadi District).

iii) Education

There are 468 primary schools in the Kagadi District, of which 136 are government aided, and

329 are private. There are 18 government aided secondary schools and 61 private/community

secondary schools, of which 11 sub-counties have no secondary schools, such as Kyaterekera,

Muhorro and Ruteete. According to the NPHC 2014 34.3% of the population is illiterate.

Therefore, communication about project activities should include the use of the local language.

iv) Poverty and vulnerability analysis

The percentage of Kagadi ’s population that lives below the poverty line stands at 24%. Other

human development indicators such as life expectancy are at 50 years, compared to 52 years at

national level based on the UBOS 2011. The main cause of poverty in the recent past has been

low crop yields, due to effects of climate change (especially prolonged drought, excessive

rainfall, hailstorm, windstorm and floods), crop diseases and declining soil fertility. The majority

of the poor people are generally located in the rural communities, but women and children are

the most vulnerable across the whole District. Since the proposed power line will involve

limited vegetation clearance, it will not contribute significantly to increasing vulnerability.

v) Gender analysis

Kagadi District recognizes the promotion of gender equality and empowerment through

gender-based budgeting, which is in line with sustainable development goals and a key player in

the development dynamics of the population. Much as there have been ground-breaking

advances, particularly in the political and legal spheres, inequality remains an imbalance in the

social, economic and political arena. Women remain disadvantaged in education and

employment and in the ownership of land, although well represented on local councils, they

continue to occupy few management positions, which compromises female participation in the


decision-making process. The project therefore should not exacerbate these differences, but

can promote gender inclusiveness in job opportunities and business opportunities due to

electricity. This will be enhanced through sensitisation.

vi) HIV/AIDS

The DDP 2016/21 shows that the prevalence of HIV, based on HIV counselling and testing has

oscillated between 4.2% and 5.9%. This is lower than the national rate, which is at 7.2%. %. This

was one of the social risks raised repetitively amongst stakeholders.

‘Luring under-aged girls into sexual relations could lead to early pregnancies, increased

school dropout rates and exposure to HIV/AIDS. Similarly, married women could be enticed

by construction workers, because of their likelihood to have higher disposable incomes

compared to local males. Such relations they stressed, could lead to family disintegration.’ Focus Group Discussion, Kagadi District Headquarters, 12/07/2017.

The project will therefore put in place measure to prtect both communities and workers from

this scourge.

vii) Access to Health

The health status of the people in Kagadi District is generally unsatisfactory. Access to health

services is poor, because over 60% of the population lives beyond 5km walking distance from

the nearest health centre.

viii) Orphans and vulnerable children

Based on the Kagadi District Statistical Abstract 2014, Kagadi presents different categories of

vulnerable children. It was noted that 8.1% of all children are orphaned, 11.8% are disabled

while 7.1% are child mothers. It should be noted that the infrastructure projects are associated

with sexual promiscuity, which leads to marriage break down, elopement and teenage

pregnancy. Therefore, the project can monitor this occurrence against these existing statistics.

g) Communication in Lot 7

The Districts have access to major mobile telephone networks namely MTN and Airtel. While in

the 3 Districts, one can access the internet and radio stations, which enables instant/quick

communication. Heart and Tropical FM cover Mubende, with Kagadi-Kibaale Community Radio

and Kikumiro Community Radio covering Kibaale District. In Kagadi District the radio stations

are also Kagadi-Kibaale Community Radio, as well as Kagadi Broadcasting Services. These will be

used to mobilse people to participate in project activities and also to use the service.

h) Summary Analysis: Key findings from Stakeholder Engagement in Lot 7

Through analysing the content of the consultations with stakeholders in Mubende, Kibaale and

Kagadi Districts, the following key findings emerge:

i) Livelihood improvement

Stakeholders expressed the expectation that access to electricity will transform the lives of

the rural poor in a positive way, as it was noted that power lines have sparked developed in

areas where power was extended. Stakeholders also requested that the extensions include

all schools, worship centres and health centres along the proposed routing, as well as


include access to further trading centres within close proximity. It was noted that

development potential included specifically the establishment of further processing

facilities of agricultural products.

ii) Compensation

Compensation to the owners of buildings that will be affected needs to be considered. If

trees are going to be cut, then appropriate restoration plans need to be agreed upon, prior

to implementation. Concern was expressed regarding the uncertainty around the road

reserve and the loss of crops and woodlots where the power line was proposed. Local

community sensitisation regarding compensation is necessary;

iii) Contractor behaviour

Stakeholders indicated that vulgar language is widely used by contract workers and this is

not culturally acceptable. Fear was expressed regarding contract workers indulging in

sexual relations with local community women, especially under-aged girls and married

women, causing significant long-term social disruption that can never be compensated;

iv) HIV/AIDS

There is concern around the sexual behaviour of contract workers and the need to sensitise

contract workers on HIV/AIDS and other preventative measures for sexually transmitted

diseases; and

v) Stakeholder involvement

Stakeholders expressed a concern about the general lack of information sharing between

the District and consultants in the past, thus limiting participation in the project. REA needs

to share project information with District technical staff and political leadership to ensure

effective project implementation.

7.3. Environmental Baseline for Lot 8 (Kamwenge District)

a) Climate and Air Quality

The Project Site is located within the African tropics. The area in which Lot 8 is located also has 2

rainy seasons, in the periods March - May and August - November. The annual rainfall ranges

between 700mm and 1,400mm. The relatively high-altitude results in temperatures ranging

between 20oC to 25oC. Air quality across the Districts will be generally good outside of more settled

areas. In rural homesteads, the use of wood and charcoal for cooking and heating results in proven

breathing and other health issues, at the household level. There are no significant industries or

mining activities along the proposed route, which could cause poor air quality. Air pollution seems

to occur for short periods, on a daily basis in congested areas, resulting predominantly from

exhaust fumes (being the primary source of pollution) and morning smog caused by domestic fires.

b) Topography and Hydrology

The Project Site is located on the hilly plateau with the Rwenzori mountain range lying visible and in

the distance to the north, beyond Fort Portal. The site lies east and distant to the Great Rift Valley,

more specifically the Western Rift Valley, also known as the Albertine Rift Valley. The highest and

lowest elevations (height above mean sea-level) in the Project Site are 1,232m and 1,386m. The site


is undulating with shallow valleys, containing wetland areas in places. Due to the relatively high

rainfall, the area hosts many rivers and streams, as well as permanent and seasonal wetlands. Lot 8

falls into the catchment of the Mpanga River and Rusangwe River, ultimately draining into Lake

George to the south west.

c) Geology and Soils

The Project Site is located on the Central Plateau containing Proterozoic15 Metamorphosed16

Sediments and Intrusive17 Granites. The soils evident in the Project Site are mainly of the ferralitic

type18. The fertility of such soils depends on favourable rainfall, adequate depth and the

maintenance of the humic top soil. Red loam soils19 with varying levels of clay content occur

commonly, with more fertile soils being found closer to and within wetland areas. The area does

experience periodic earthquakes due to tectonic shifts related to the splitting of the African Plate in

the Nubian and Somali Plates, forming the Great Rift Valley.

d) Vegetation

The broader area shares resemblance of Albertine Rift escarpments, regarded as globally important

for endemism. The area is endowed with wetlands along valley floors, with the naturally occurring

tropical forests remaining in Protected Areas, like the Kibale Forest National Park lying

approximately 10km to the north and the west of the Project Site. The natural landscape in the

Project Site is highly transformed from original natural state and in contrast, hosts few remaining

species. Very little remaining natural vegetation cover remains due to human activities. The power

line route does not contain high-priority global, regional, national and local conservation sites and

species respectively. Overall, the vegetation structure has been significantly altered to very low

status vegetation, as detailed in Table 7-11, as measured during the study using GIS.

Table 7-8 Lot 8 Vegetation Formation

No. Vegetation Type % Coverage

1. Farmlands (cultivated land and grazing lands) 69

2. Remnant Forest (Acacia woodlands) 4

3. Wetlands (including Riparian Thicket with Caparis, Lantana and Vernonia) 3

4. Woodlots (mainly Pine sp. and Eucalyptus sp.) 1

5. Transformed (by settlement: trading centre/village/homestead) 23

Total 100

15 The Proterozoic is a geological eon representing the time just before the proliferation of complex life on Earth. The name

Proterozoic comes from Greek and means 'earlier life', the Greek root 'protero-’, means 'former, earlier' and 'zoic-', means 'animal, living being'. The Proterozoic Eon extended from 2500 to 541 million years ago. 16

Metamorphism refers to the process arising from the transformation of existing rock types to either metomorphic rock or

sediments. 17

Intrusive rock forms within the Earth's crust from the crystlillsation of magma as it pushes up from deep within the Earth and

slowly cools and forms rock, a process that can take millions of years. 18

A group of soils that form in the humid tropics as the result of chemical weathering (accompanied by decomposition of most

of the primary minerals, except quartz, and accumulation of secondary minerals, such as kaolinite, goethite, and gibbsite) and by the accumulation of humus beneath forest vegetation. They typically have a low silica content and a high content of aluminium and iron. 19

Loam soils are composed mostly of sand, silt and a small amount of clay. Loam soils can contain more nutrients and humus, thus retaining moisture and are ideally suited for agricultural activities.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eon_%28geology%29

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth


According to Langdale-Brown et al, (1964), the Kamwenge power line crosses areas whose

vegetation is generally described as a shrub savanna, woodland savanna, riparian forest edges and

fewer wetlands. In the sampled areas of Lot 8, the following common species are highly visible

trees, shrubs, herbs and herbaceous climber: Acacia hockii, Acacia sieberiana, Acanthus

pubescens, Ageratum conyzoides, Asystasia gangetica, Brachiaria brizantha, Lantana camara,

Cyperus papyrus, Dioscorea bulbifera and Erythrina abyssinica. Herbs are highly abundant

followed by the tree diversity, with grasses being the least abundant due to the cultivation

and road reserve maintenance. There is no characterisation of rare and/or restricted-range

species. The conservation value of species found was rated as below average, with no restricted-

range or endemic species. No Red List species have been recorded within the Project Area and the

project will not pass through any nationally or locally recognised biodiversity hotspot. The Project

Area also does not fall into a recognised International Bird Area or Key Biodiversity area for Uganda.

e) Wildlife

The presence and survival of habitats that support large wildlife remain in places, yet are largely

transformed due to anthropogenic activities, mainly cattle and maize farming. In general

observation, there is no section or area along the route impacted by the power line that would

create a risk to wildlife, since such species are rarely found in agricultural areas. No wildlife species

among global, regional or national threatened wildlife or endangered endemics, were identified in

the area.


f) Birds

There were 55 species recorded at the sample sites in Lot 8, at Ntara, Kaberebere, Rwamwanja,

Biguri and Malere. These locations and the full list of bird species recorded in the savannah-

woodland and farmlands, are included in Appendix E. The land area is heavily modified by farming

activities; with trees and fewer thickets, including some wetlands where birds were seen and heard

in trees and shrubs. These habitats provide favourable areas where relatively few species were

recorded. In some areas, which formed riparian habitats such as along the streams, species of

herons were observed; considered to be the largest of the birds in the site that can also be affected

by and killed by the power line. The bird counts at the sample sites are detailed in Table 7-12.

Table 7-9 Lot 8 Bird Count



1. Habitat Specialists Forest specialists (FF) 1

Forest generalists (F) 34

Other tree species (f) 88

Grassland specialists (G) 19

Wetland specialists (W) 11

Species often seen near wetlands (w) 21

Aerial feeders (Ae) 11

2. Migrants Palearctic (P) 6

Afrotropical (A) 18

3. Regional Red Data Species Near-threatened (R-NT) 1

Of regional responsibility (R-RR) 3

These birds seem to have adapted into the modified ecosystem, thus the recorded total species

cannot be concluded as total species of the area. The common species that were mainly calling and

foraging include: Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea), African Green Pigeon (Treron calva), Blue-spotted

Wood Dove (Turtur afer), Ring-necked Dove (Streptopelia capicola) and the Black-lored Babbler

(Turdoides sharpei).

g) Alien Invasive Species

The existing farmlands already host existing invasive species, such as Acacia hockii, Acanthus

pubescens, Lantana camara and Senna spectabilis, present in most areas. Parthenium histerophorus

(Famine weed), which has been reported in the Mubende area in Lot 7, remains a threat to a rural

economy, if it becomes established, as it can result in severe human illness and lead to death when

proliferation becomes uncontrolled. It annihilates local native species and ecosystem habitats and

can poison animals feeding on it.

Invasive species tend to affect the species composition of ecosystems by forming monocultures and

wiping out the original biodiversity. This is aided by their rapid multiplication and lack of a natural

enemy, spreading rapidly and dominating areas; sometimes posing a threat to the local economy

and human health. Opening limited areas and clearing for power line installations may increase the

occurrence of these species, if left unmanaged. Sometimes seeds or plants may be carried within

construction materials imported into the area. Rodents, such as rats can also be carried with

construction materials during importation.


h) Critical Habitats: Wetland and Riparian Areas

The wetland systems traversed by the proposed distribution line project, range from dense

continuous Papyrus to mixed stands with Typha, Phragmites, and Miscanthedium (refer to

Appendix E for species lists). The fringes of the wetlands can also host shrubs, trees and riparian

thicket, an essential component of the wetland ecosystem, providing habitat for various species of

birds. The overall observation is that except for the relatively intact large wetland or swamp areas,

other areas of natural vegetation have largely been transformed by human settlement and farming.

Some areas have been cleared for grazing, especially in the Kamwenge District and are used as

rangelands for cattle. Wetland and riparian areas have also cleared, to a large extent, to provide

fertile area for growing food and cash crops. Although traversing mostly highland hills, in total the

proposed route crosses 12 wetland areas in Lot 8. Some smaller wetland areas are seasonal, while

other are larger and less seasonal. The proposed route crosses the Mpanga River in Kamwenge

District, closely located to the Mpanga TC. Significant wetland areas over 200m wide in Lot 8 are

Ntara Village, Mpanga River, Rwebigemeko, Bwizi TC, Kikiri TC and Rwakasirabo. These larger

wetland areas vary in terms of water quality and ecosystem function, many impacted to varied

degrees by agricultural activities. Wetland areas crossed in Lot 8, totalling approximately 4.5km, are

detailed in Table 7-13.

Table 7-10 X and Y Co-ordinates for Wetland Areas crossed in Lot 8

No. Name Length (m)


1. Ntara Village 127 30,36133658400 -0,01719028100 30,36130939700 -0,01603988500

2. Ntara Village 202 30,36125503200 -0,01509782400 30,36148145300 -0,01328614900

3. Mpanga-Kajujuma 382 30,52573669200 0,30798027900 30,52830188100 0,30590043500

4. Mpanga 166 30,53179822200 0,30353516600 30,53303467700 0,30270017100

5. Kakinga-Katunguru 91 30,62869855800 0,26516311400 30,62797115000 0,26554197100

6. Rwebigemeko 624 30,67984825700 0,36498119200 30,68489114400 0,36744241700

7. Bwizi TC 769 30,71220807200 0,38142228900 30,71474857400 0,38708356600

8. Bwizi TC 98 30,72192217900 0,39288838500 30,72237446200 0,39364977500

9. Kikiri TC 941 30,71031388000 0,42069700600 30,70719633800 0,42832165900

10. Kikiri TC 415 30,70393586600 0,43179575200 30,70650151400 0,42906990100

11. Nayinguru 171 30,79051317300 0,41435430100 30,78989291200 0,41576913300

12. Rwakasirabo 537 30,80962634100 0,39979448400 30,81106278500 0,39538329000

The medium-sized wetland area crossings (of crossing more than 200m of wetland) are illustrated

in Figure 7-8.


Figure 7-8 Medium-sized Wetland Areas in Lot 8 (Kamwenge District)


i) Protected Areas

The proposed project does not traverse any other Protected Area in Lot 8. Strategic conservation

sites in the Great Rift Valley include Queen Elizabeth National Conservation Area and the Kibale

Forest National Park, lying approximately 10km north and west of Lot 8. The Katonga Game Reserve

is a Protected Area lying close to the southern extent of Lot 8 in 2 places, being within 3km of the

end of the proposed distribution line in Lyakahungu and within 10km south of line end in Biguri.

j) Private Woodlots

Private woodlots of Pine sp. and Eucalyptus sp. occur in numerous places along the route and

totalling approximately 954m, as detailed in Table 7-14.

Table 7-11 Location Points for Private Woodlots crossed in Lot 8

No. Length (m) X Start Y Start X End Y End Side of Route

1. 92 30,714942 0,408531 30,714519 0,409242 South

2. 37 30,349709 -0,025164 30,349890 -0,024881 Both sides

3. 243 30,353068 -0,023939 30,355216 -0,023914 Both sides

4. 41 30,740190 0,443674 30,739842 0,443780 North East

5. 542 30,721192 0,397791 30,718756 0,402028 Both sides

k) Burning of Vegetation

Wetland and forest burning for clearing and charcoal production unfortunately occurs on an

unsustainable basis and destroys a lot of biodiversity; this remains a concern. This should be highly

discouraged, as it poses a threat to the biodiversity in these areas. As a result of custom, culture or

social habits, people have predominantly engaged in annual bushfires. The fires are set to

encourage new growth for pasture thereby realising high pasture availability and hence increased

livestock returns commonly practised in Kamwenge areas. The risk of soil erosion, because of the

bushfires, has increased in this area. The major impact to the project will include the burning of

poles and other electrical installations which will also affect the efficiency of power supply.


7.4. Social Baseline for Lot 8 (Kamwenge District)

The information for this social baseline has been sourced from the Kamwenge District Development

Plan 2015/6-2020/1, other available reports and data obtained from local stakeholders.

a) Administrative Boundaries

The proposed route of the distribution line crosses 1 District, 2 Counties and 6 Sub-Counties

(UBOS. 2014.), as detailed in Table 7-16.

Table 7-12 Project Counties and Sub-Counties crossed in Lot 8

No. County Sub-County District

1. Kibale Biguri Kamwenge

2. Kibale Bwizi Kamwenge

3. Kibale Kahunge Kamwenge

4. Kitagwenda Bihanga Kamwenge

5. Kitagwenda Nkoma Kamwenge

6. Kitagwenda Ntara Kamwenge

b) Land use

Most of the Project Area in Kamwenge District is predominantly used for agriculture, specifically in

cultivation of maize crops. Other crops grown included bananas, beans, finger millet, cassava,

groundnuts, sweet potatoes and potatoes (Irish). Major Cash crops grown included coffee. The

Project Areas also lies in the Ankole/Masaka cattle corridor, famous for the long-horned cattle.

There was a high concentration of cattle rearing culture of indigenous cattle, within the Project

Area. Other livestock animals kept included goats, sheep, pigs and chicken. For commercial value,

cattle are a viable enterprise, followed by goats and pigs, kept mostly on free-range basis.

Private forest plantations were also common and mainly softwoods like Eucalyptus sp. and Pine sp.

were grown in the form of woodlots. In the areas around Rwamwanja refugee settlement,

agricultural production of especially maize, beans and Irish potatoes was being carried out,

however the entire Rwamwanja area has become a business centre, attracting traders from the

whole region. Other parts of the Project Area were typically savannah grassland, shrubs, with some

pockets of remnant natural forest. Most of the natural forests have been depleted and turned into

farmlands/ cattle grazing areas.

Other notable land uses included settlements/built up areas in form of rural growth centres, which

are not planned, and most of the roads did not have clear road reserves in place. There are also

small-scale industries involved in the processing of agricultural products, mainly milk processing

and artisans engaged in metal work, woodwork. Most of the industrial activities are in trading

centres.

c) Land Tenure

The predominant land tenure system in the Project Area is customary land ownership. This is where

land is passed on from generation to generation, through inheritance normally from father to son.

Other tenure systems such as the leasehold and freehold system are common in the urban trading

centres, institutions owned by government and religious based institutional setups. Many of the


rural roads lack recognisable road reserves and are categorised as community access roads and

utility corridors, where the reserves are fully utilised by the communities. It is therefore inevitable

that some trees, crops and vegetation found in such road reserves will be impacted upon during

the project implementation.

Figure 7-9 Rural homestead (north of Bwizi, Kamwenge District).

d) Culture and Heritage

In the context of cultural and traditional leadership, Lot 8 is located in Kamwenge District, which

falls in the Toro Kingdom, home to the Batoro Tribe. Traditional and cultural leadership are well

recognised in Kamwenge. Life is based on subsistence farming and surplus produce is used to

convert crops into cash. Churches and Mosques have been identified along the route, yet do not

fall into the project Site. No other sites of national or international importance, nor any other

Physical Cultural Resources (PCRs), have been identified in the Project Site. With regard to culture,

fear was expressed by some key informants regarding population influx.

‘The Contractor’s workers use vulgar language irrespective of who the potential audience is

which embarrasses people before their in-laws, children and elders. She suggested that REA

should ensure that use of such language is prohibited because it is not culturally acceptable.’ District Community Development Officer, Kamwenge: pers. comm. 10/07/2017.

e) Population

In 2016, Kamwenge had an estimated population of 442,600, of which 13% were refugees, the

number of males compared to females is 202,503 (49%) and 211,951 (51%) respectively

(UBOS. 2014.). The predominant ethnic group in the District is Bakiga, followed by Bafumbira. Other

tribes include the Batoro, Batagwenda, Banyarwanda and several other tribes and they are known


to peacefully coexist. The languages spoken include Rutooro, Rukiga, Rutagwenda, Rufumbira and

Runyarwanda. By May 2017, the District hosted 62,250 refugees and according to the camp

commandant Rwamwanja Refugee Settlement the number currently stands at 70,000. Refugees in

the District mainly came from the Democratic Republic of Congo, while others migrated from

Burundi, Rwanda and Tanzania. They are hosted in the Rwamwanja settlement areas where they

are allocated plots of land to build homes and to farm. They are also encouraged to interact freely,

set up shops and other retail businesses. Refugees mainly speak Kiswahili and English and therefore

communicate easily with the local community; a few speak French and Lingala.

f) Economic activities

Agriculture is the main economic activity and source of livelihood in the District. Bananas dominate

the grown and traded crops, followed by maize, cassava and sweet potatoes. Other crops include

sorghum, millet, ground-nuts, beans, tea, coffee, cotton, tomatoes, cabbage, onions, mangos,

avocados and pineapples, grown on a smaller scale, mainly for subsistence. With the total

production volume of 191,265 metric tonnes of the main crops, Kamwenge has a strong base for

agro-processing. Rural trading centres with potential to grow into commercial centres have

continued to emerge, which is attributed to an improved rural road network. Similarly, the

extension of electricity in rural areas has increased small-scale informal sector activities, like

welding, carpentry, vehicle repair workshops and other related services and skilled occupations.

This was also noted during a key informant interview, as below.

’The main social economic activity in the area is farming and main crops grown include

maize, beans, Irish potatoes, bananas, sorghum pineapples oranges and mangoes. Power

extension will lead to diversification of the area economic activities. Cottage industries, such

as coffee haulers, maize mills, milk coolers and metal works are already existent in the area,

but currently rely on generators. Extending power to such areas will boost production and

value addition, which in turn fetches more income for farmers. Other activities such as

salons and stationery shops would also emerge.’ Key Informant Interview, Kamwenge Woman Member of Parliament: pers. comm. 10/07/2017.

Along the current preliminary route design in Lot 8, almost the entire way, the route falls outside of

the road serve. As such the route falls onto private land used for agricultural purposes. The area of

croplands and woodlot, falling outside of the road reserve and within the RoW, are estimated at

being in the region of 65ha and 1ha, respectively.


Figure 7-10 Trading centres, like Rwamwanja Trading Centre (Kamwenge District) feature on the proposed

route.

Figure 7-11 Maize grinding facility powered by diesel generators (Lyakahungu TC – Lot 8).


g) Health

The District has no hospital yet plans to upgrade Rukunyu Health Centre (HC) IV are underway. 4

HCs occur directly along the proposed line route and these include Bihanga HC-II, Rwamwanja HC-

III, which has been upgraded to HC-IV, Malere HC-III and a proposed HC-III at Bisozi. These currently

function serving communities and it was strongly emphasised that extension of power will go a long

way to improving the quality of services offered at these HC facilities. This was mentioned during

interviews held with some of the District leaders.

‘Kamwenge District has a whole constituency without electricity, meaning that most

institutions like schools and health centres have no access to power, which limits service

delivery.’ Chief Administrative Officer, Kamwenge District: pers. comm. 10/07/2017.

Inadequate medicine supplies, due to constrained budget allocation to medicines and supplies by

Government compared to the existing demand, leads to recurrent short supplies and was noted as

the biggest challenge. Poor infrastructure, especially staff accommodation at most facilities, leads

to staff renting accommodation far from the HC facilities, which indirectly contributes to

absenteeism and late arrival at work.

h) Education

There are 69 pre-schools, 200 primary schools, 25 secondary schools and 5 vocational training

institutes in Kamwenge District. During the study only 1 school was noted on the proposed design

in Lot 8; it is likely more could be connected. High teacher to pupil ratios, especially in lower classes,

inability of parents to provide scholastic materials and lunch to children, results in dropout rates of

5% per year. There is also a lack of infrastructure and instructional materials in newly upgraded

schools.

i) Infrastructure

Transport

On most of the road sections, the quality of the road gravel is poor. The road maintenance activities

often take long to be carried out, due to limited funds making some sections unmotorable. There

are some sections on the road network that are characterised with seasonal swamps, which are

likely to grow more inaccessible, every rainy season.

Electricity

Reliable electricity is generated by Mpanga Power Station, the 18 MW mini-hydroelectric power

project on the Mpanga River. It was observed though that grid coverage in terms of distribution

across the District remains very low. According to the District Woman Member of Parliament, there

is an entire constituency (Kibale County), which has never been connected to the national grid.

Energy

The main source of energy for domestic needs is wood or charcoal, which is used for cooking.

Kerosene/paraffin is used for lighting in households that can afford it. Other energy sources for

lighting include fuel generators and, in some cases, solar energy systems. It was observed that

there are activities undertaken, such as maize milling, battery charging, carpentry, welding and

operating saloons, currently relying on diesel generators for power. The use of wood for cooking, as

is predominately the case, has proven to result in breathing and other health issues at the domestic

level.


Communication

The District enjoys good access to major mobile telephone networks namely MTN and Airtel. While

in the District one can access the internet, as well radio stations which enables instant/quick

communication. One Radio station (Voice of Kamwenge) operates within the District, while more

coverage is offered by Radio Endigyito in Mbarara, Voice of Toro, and Rwenzori FM Efurembe, as

the major ones.

j) Water and Sanitation

Provision of safe water and sanitation facilities, with a view of increasing water coverage in schools

and public institutions, is the main object of Kamwenge District Water Office. The prevailing rate of

access to clean and safe water in the District is 68%, although according to the District

Development Plan 2015-2020, the target is to increase this to 75%. Availability of sanitation

facilities stands at 79%, while functionality of water supply infrastructure stands at 78%. It was

established that there is a water project in Biguri and Bwizi, aiming at extending access safe water

to households. Such a project would benefit from access to electricity. Water supply issues are also

evident in Rwamwanja, to which access to electricity would certainly enhance this basic service.

k) HIV/AIDS

Like the rest of the country, Kamwenge District has not been spared by HIV. According to the 2015-

2020 DDP, the prevalence rate is at 5.7%, although the District aims at reducing it to 5%. This has

mainly affected people in the economically productive age group, crippling development at various

levels. This was cited as a major threat to the project during a Focus Group Discussion held with

Kamwenge District technical team.

‘There is need for massive community sensitization on HIV/AIDS. In addition, we fear about the

likelihood of the contractor’s workers indulging in sexual relations with under-aged girls and

married women, which could increase the spread of HIV. It is common, because contractor’s

workers have relatively higher disposable income compared to community members.’ Focus Group Discussion, Kamwenge District technical team. 10/07/2017.

l) Industry

During the study, it was established that value addition facilities on a small-scale are engaged in

grain milling, especially maize, millet and sorghum. There are no major industries, despite the

presence of hydroelectricity is generated within the District. There is still potential for agro-based

factories, amongst others. Extension of power would enhance production and value addition in the

agro-processing sector.

m) Investment

Kamwenge Community Development Project is a public private partnership between Kamwenge

Community Development Project and USAID, which deals in drying, cleaning, milling, packing and

storage of grain. The milled maize is sold under the band ‘Kamwenge Pride’ with the capacity to

process 200,000 mega-tonnes of grain annually. Hima Cement Uganda Limited Operates the Dura

Quarry for limestone. Simba Mining Company operates KITAKA gold mine. Other investors are in

the tourist accommodation business, operating more than 15 facilities in the District. All the above

companies and facilities also require power for expansion.


n) Summary Analysis: Key findings from Stakeholder Engagement in Lot 8

Through analysing the content of the consultations with stakeholders in Kamwenge District, the

following key findings emerge:

i) Livelihood improvement

Stakeholders consulted with in Kamwenge District show over-whelming support and

yearning for the proposed project, as it will lead to improved service delivery (especially to

health, education and institutional facilities, and improved access to water), general

livelihood improvement and opens opportunities for economic diversification (especially in

agro-processing and services in trading centres);

ii) Compensation

There is a perception amongst stakeholders that previous government projects have not

adequately compensated PAPs. Concern was expressed regarding the displacement of

people and the loss of vegetation in the form of crops and woodlots, through the clearing

of the way leave. Stakeholders felt there is a need to sensitise communities and consider

compensation where livelihood is specifically affected and that such be done, prior to the

commencement of construction activities;

iii) Contractor behaviour

Concern was expressed by stakeholders on the behaviour of construction workers. The use

of vulgar language by contract workers is common and must be prohibited through

contractual agreements. Fear was expressed regarding contract workers indulging in sexual

relations with under-aged girls and married women and such must in some way be

prevented;

iv) HIV/AIDS

The stakeholders expressed that there is a great need for community sensitisation around

the issue of HIV/AIDS. There was also a concern around the sexual behaviour of contract

workers and the need for ensuring HIV/AIDS preventative measures; and

v) Stakeholder involvement

Stakeholders expressed that District and local leaders should be involved throughout the

project life-cycle, to improve community sensitisation and also assist with project

monitoring during specifically the construction period.


7.5. Social Risks

The analysis of social issues for both Lot 7 and Lot 8 shows that the construction phase of the

project and the attendant influx of construction workers from outside the Project Area are likely to

lead to a rise in social challenges and impacts, including spread of HIV/AIDS and other sexually

transmitted diseases, teenage pregnancies, rise in school drop-out incidents, social tension in some

homes, disruption of marriages, gender-based violence, sexual harassment, defilement of minors,

child labour and abuse, exploitation and abuse of sexual workers, use of vulgar language by

construction works, and increased crime, drug abuse and prostitution, among others. These social

risks, typically managed poorly on the part of developers and/or contractor, are significant, are

assessed further in Chapter 8 and will need specific attention and effective management during

project implementation.


8. IMPACT ASSESSMENT

This section of the report details and defines the impacts used for the assessment, the results of

rating impact significance for Lot 7 and Lot 8, impact analysis, the results of the comparative

assessment between alternatives, as well as consideration of the significance of impacts if

mitigation is implemented adequately. Cumulative impacts and mitigation measures are also

discussed in this section.

8.1. Impact Determination

The impacts used to consider the project impacts have been aligned with the listed impacts in the

First Schedule in the EIA Regulations 1998, as well as the inclusion of further impacts informed by

the key issues emerging from the stakeholder engagement process.

The socio-economic aspects, i.e. the number of social impacts as compared to the number of

ecological impacts, compares well, providing a balanced consideration between environmental and

social issues in the rating and comparative assessment methodology. The impacts used to assess

the project are detailed and defined in Table 8-1.

Table 8-1 Impact Framework

No. Impact Name Definition

Ecological Considerations

1. Impact on biodiversity: fauna (wild animals)

Biological diversity including effect of proposal on number, diversity, breeding habits, etc. of wild animals.

2. Impact on biodiversity: flora Biological diversity including effect of proposal on number, diversity, habits, etc. of vegetation.

3. Impact on gene pool (domesticated plants and animals)

Effect of the proposal on the gene pool of domesticated plants and animals, e.g. monoculture as opposed to wild types.

4. Impact on sustainable use of soil Sustainable use including effect of proposal on soil fertility.

5. Impact on sustainable use of fauna Sustainable use including effect of proposal on breeding populations of fish and game or wild animals.

6. Impact on sustainable use of flora Sustainable use including effect of proposal on natural regeneration of woodland and sustainable yield.

7. Impact on sustainable use of wetlands Sustainable use including effect of proposal on wetland resource degradation or wise use of wetlands.

8. Impact on food chain. Ecosystem maintenance including effect of proposal on food chains.

9. Impact on nutrient cycle. Ecosystem maintenance including effect of proposal on nutrient cycles.

10. Impact on water cycle. Ecosystem maintenance including effect of proposal on aquifer recharge, water run-off rates, surface water quality, etc. (consider water pollution and erosion).

11. Impact on ecosystem habitats. Ecosystem maintenance including effect of proposal on geographical extent of habitats.

12. Impact on fragile ecosystems. Ecosystem maintenance including effect of proposal on fragile ecosystems.

Social Considerations

13. Impact on employment. Effects of proposal on generation or reduction of employment in the area.

14. Impact on social cohesion or disruption. Effects of proposal on social cohesion or disruption.

15. Impact on human health. Effects of proposal on human health, focussing specifically on HIV/AIDS, STDs, malaria, exposure to creosote and electromagnetic fields, etc.

16. Impact on influx of people. Effects of the proposal related to the influx of people in the Project Area.


No. Impact Name Definition

17. Impact on communication and transportation.

Effects of proposal on communication - roads opened, closed, re-routed, etc.

18. Impact on local economy. Effects of proposal on local economy.

19. Impact on culture. Effects of proposal on all aspects of culture.

20. Impact on cultural objects (including PCRs).

Effects of proposal on objects of cultural value (including Physical Cultural Resources (PCRs)).

21. Impact on gender issues. Effects of the proposal on direct and indirect gender impacts, focussing specifically on access and utilisation of resources and reducing the gender poverty gap.

22. Impact on vulnerable groups. Effects of the proposal on vulnerable groups (children, women, PWDs).

23. Impact on displaced persons. Effects of the proposal on displaced persons (refugees, resettled persons).

24. Impact on education. Effects of the proposal on educational facilities and services (schools, vocational training institutions) and academic performance.

25. Impact on basic services. Effects of the proposal on basic services (including access electricity, water, health care services).

26. Impact on human safety. Effects of the proposal on human safety (including consideration of OHS, crime, drug abuse, prostitution, etc.).

Landscape Considerations

27. Visual impacts. Effects of proposal on visual impacts (features, removal of vegetation, views opened or closed, etc.).

28. Impact on surrounding area. Effects of proposal on compatibility with surrounding area and land use.

29. Impact on public amenities. Effects of proposal on public amenities being opened or closed, e.g. recreation possibilities.

Land Use Considerations

30. Impact on current land use and potential.

Effects of proposal on current land uses and land use potentials in the Project Area (including the potential loss of crops, woodlot trees, damage to private property/infrastructure, etc. and compensation).

31. Impact on possibility of multiple land use.

Effects of proposal on the possibility of multiple use of land within the road reserve.

32. Impact on surrounding land use and potential.

Effects of proposal on surrounding land uses and land use potentials within the Project Area.

Other Considerations

33. Impact from construction waste. Effects of proposal regarding the management of construction waste.

34. Impact from noise. Effects of proposal from noise.

35. Impact from emissions. Effects of proposal from emissions, including dust.

36. Impact from alien invasive species. Effects of proposal on alien invasive species.


8.2. Impact Assessment Results for Lot 7 and Lot 8

The results of the impact assessment are presented separately for both Lot 7 and Lot 8, as per

Tables 8-2 and 8-3.

Table 8-2 Lot 7 Impact Significance using Rating Criteria20

No. Impact Name E I D F P R +/- Score Significance Confidence

1. Impact on biodiversity: fauna (wild animals) 1 1 3 2 2 1 -1 -10 Low/minor High

2. Impact on biodiversity: flora 1 2 1 2 3 2 -1 -11 Low/minor High

3. Impact on gene pool (domesticated plants and animals) - - - - - - 0 0 Zero High

4. Impact on sustainable use of soil - - - - - - 0 0 Zero High

5. Impact on sustainable use of fauna - - - - - - 0 0 Zero High

6. Impact on sustainable use of flora - - - - - - 0 0 Zero High

7. Impact on sustainable use of wetlands 2 1 3 2 2 2 -1 -12 Medium High

8. Impact on food chain. 1 1 2 1 1 3 -1 -9 Very low High

9. Impact on nutrient cycle. - - - - - - 0 0 Zero High

10. Impact on water cycle. 2 2 1 1 1 1 -1 -8 Very low High

11. Impact on ecosystem habitats. 1 1 1 1 2 1 -1 -7 Very low High

12. Impact on fragile ecosystems. 1 1 1 2 2 1 -1 -8 Very low High

13. Impact on employment. 1 2 3 2 3 3 1 14 High High

14. Impact on social cohesion or disruption. 1 3 2 3 3 2 -1 -14 Medium High

15. Impact on human health. 1 3 3 3 3 3 -1 -16 High High

16. Impact on influx of people. 1 2 3 3 3 3 -1 -15 High High

17. Impact on communication and transportation. 1 1 1 2 3 1 -1 -9 Low/minor High

18. Impact on local economy. 2 2 3 3 3 3 1 16 Very High High

19. Impact on cultural heritage 1 1 2 1 3 3 -1 -11 Low/minor High

20. Impact on cultural objects (including PCRs). - - - - - - 0 0 Zero High

21. Impact on gender impacts. 1 3 2 3 3 3 -1 -15 High High

22. Impact on vulnerable groups. 1 3 2 3 3 3 -1 -15 High High

23. Impact on displaced persons. 1 2 3 3 2 3 1 14 Medium High

24. Impact on education. 1 3 3 3 3 3 1 16 High High

25. Impact on basic services. 1 3 3 3 3 3 1 16 Very high High

26. Impact on human safety. 2 2 2 2 2 2 -1 -12 Medium High

27. Visual impacts. 1 1 3 3 2 1 -1 -11 Low/minor High

28. Impact on surrounding area. 1 2 2 3 3 3 1 14 Medium High

29. Impact on public amenities. - - - - - - 0 0 Zero High

30. Impact on current land use and potential. 1 2 2 3 3 3 -1 -14 Medium High

31. Impact on possibility of multiple land use. 1 2 3 3 3 3 1 15 High High

32. Impact on surrounding land use and potential. 1 2 3 3 3 3 1 15 High High

33. Impact from construction waste. 1 2 1 2 2 1 -1 -9 Low High

34. Impact from noise. 1 1 1 1 2 1 -1 -7 Very low High

35. Impact from emissions. 1 1 1 1 2 1 -1 -7 Very low High

36. Impact from alien invasive species. 2 3 2 3 2 2 -1 -14 Medium High

20 Extent (E), Intensity (I), Duration (D), Frequency (F), Probability (P), Reversibility (R)


Table 8-3 Lot 8 Impact Significance using Rating Criteria21

No. Impact Name E I D F P R +/- Score Significance Confidence

1. Impact on biodiversity: fauna (wild animals) 1 1 3 2 2 1 -1 -10 Low/minor High

2. Impact on biodiversity: flora 1 2 1 3 3 2 -1 -12 Medium High

3. Impact on gene pool (domesticated plants and animals) - - - - - - 0 0 Zero High

4. Impact on sustainable use of soil - - - - - - 0 0 Zero High

5. Impact on sustainable use of fauna - - - - - - 0 0 Zero High

6. Impact on sustainable use of flora - - - - - - 0 0 Zero High

7. Impact on sustainable use of wetlands 2 1 3 2 2 2 -1 -12 Medium High

8. Impact on food chain. 1 1 2 1 1 3 -1 -9 Low/minor High

9. Impact on nutrient cycle. - - - - - - 0 0 Zero High

10. Impact on water cycle. 1 1 1 2 2 1 -1 -8 Very low High

11. Impact on ecosystem habitats. 1 1 1 2 3 2 -1 -10 Low/minor High

12. Impact on fragile ecosystems. 1 2 1 2 3 1 -1 -10 Low/minor High

13. Impact on employment. 1 2 3 3 3 3 1 15 High High

14. Impact on social cohesion or disruption. 1 3 3 3 3 2 -1 -15 High High

15. Impact on human health. 1 3 3 2 3 3 -1 -15 High High

16. Impact on influx of people. 1 2 3 3 3 3 -1 -15 High High

17. Impact on communication and transportation. 1 1 1 2 3 1 -1 -9 Low High

18. Impact on local economy. 1 2 3 3 3 3 1 15 High High

19. Impact on cultural heritage 1 1 1 1 3 3 -1 -10 Low High

20. Impact on cultural objects (including PCRs). - - - - - - 0 0 Zero High

21. Impact on gender impacts. 1 3 2 3 3 2 -1 -14 Medium High

22. Impact on vulnerable groups. 1 3 2 2 3 3 -1 -14 Medium High

23. Impact on displaced persons. 1 2 3 2 3 3 1 14 Medium High

24. Impact on education. 1 3 3 3 3 3 1 16 High High

25. Impact on basic services. 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 18 Very high High

26. Impact on human safety. 2 2 1 2 2 1 -1 -10 Low/minor High

27. Visual impacts. 1 1 3 3 2 1 -1 -11 Low/minor High

28. Impact on surrounding area. 1 1 3 3 3 1 1 12 Medium High

29. Impact on public amenities. - - - - - - 0 0 Zero High

30. Impact on current land use and potential. 1 1 3 3 1 1 -1 -10 Low/minor High

31. Impact on possibility of multiple land use. 1 2 3 3 3 3 1 15 High High

32. Impact on surrounding land use and potential. 1 2 3 3 3 3 1 15 High High

33. Impact from construction waste. 1 2 1 2 2 1 -1 -9 Low High

34. Impact from noise. 1 1 1 2 2 1 -1 -8 Very low High

35. Impact from emissions. 1 1 1 1 2 1 -1 -7 Very low High

36. Impact from alien invasive species. 1 2 3 2 2 2 -1 -12 Medium High

The detailed notes and narrative behind the significance rating can be found in the following

section of this report. In the next section, the impacts are defined and reasons behind the ratings

are detailed. Mitigation measures, both general and specific, are also identified and detailed.

21 Extent (E), Intensity (I), Duration (D), Frequency (F), Probability (P), Reversibility (R)


8.3. Impact Analysis for Project Site

The final analysis of impacts considered, are detailed per name, impact definition, assessment

statement, significance and mitigation measures, for each impact. These details are listed for each

of the 36 impacts considered under this study.

Impact 1: Faunal biodiversity (wild animals)

This category refers to the effect of the proposal on fauna, including the number, diversity, breeding

habits, etc. of wild animals.

The Project Area is a highly transformed landscape, largely dominated by rural settlements relying on

subsistence food crops, predominantly maize, bananas, cassava and coffee, amongst a great variety of other

crops. Scattered patches of remnant forest and riparian vegetation remain, relied upon heavily as biomass fuel

for cooking. Pine sp. and Eucalyptus sp. woodlots are commonly found. Tea plantations are also found,

specifically in the northern part of Lot 8.

The project has the potential to result in direct alteration of remaining vegetation within the RoW, providing

some form of remaining habitat to fauna including wild animals, where such may remain. The construction

and maintenance of distribution lines and support structures through habitats in the Project Site will lead to

the further temporary modification of natural habitat and thus create minimal disruption to biodiversity

processes. The impacts on the remaining number, diversity and breeding habits of wild animals are thus of low

conservation importance. Field observations and consultation with District Officials and local communities

indicated that there are no significant wild animals remaining in this highly transformed landscape.

Although there is a potential for migratory bird collisions with the electricity distribution conductor cables and

possible electrocution, consultations with relevant agencies and local communities did not reveal any records

of such incidents of bird collisions or electrocutions with existing MV and LV power lines. In addition, baseline

assessment and research did not record the presence of such larger migratory bird species in the Project Area.

The possibility of this has however been considered.

Significance: The direct impact of the project on faunal biodiversity is thus considered as negative

and rated as low or minor (-10).

Mitigation Measures

a) Design for the horizontal alignment of conductor lines, to reduce the probability of bird flight collisions.

b) No wild animals are to be captured, killed or harmed during the construction period.

Impact 2: Floral biodiversity

This category is related to the potential impact of the project on number, diversity, habitats, etc. of vegetation.

Although the project will be based mostly within the existing road reserves, the clearing of the RoW to erect the distribution lines and associated support structures will result in the inevitable clearing of vegetation along the proposed route alignment, specifically at pole positions and also where existing vegetation is greater than 2.5m high off the ground.

Clearing of scattered patches of remnant forest cover and riparian vegetation observed growing alongside existing roads in the Project Site will be confined mostly to the road reserve.

While the baseline survey did not reveal any species of regional conservation concern on the species encountered on the Global IUCN Red List; there is nonetheless a potential for the project to impact vegetation (flora) along the distribution line routing, during the construction and operational phases of the project. The anticipated impacts on vegetation are likely to be limited in terms of temporal and spatial dimensions,


particularly as the project will be based within existing road reserves. Some of the anticipated and specific impacts on flora include:

i. temporally loss of vegetation types and species due to clearance of the RoW in pole positions and where vegetation is taller than 2.5m in some areas during construction;

ii. reduction in abundance (cover) of woody biomass in some of the patches of remnant forest and riparian vegetation along the proposed line routing;

iii. increased risk to the spread of Alien Invasive Species (AIS) during the construction and operation phase and if not well managed, will pose as a threat to both plant diversity and the local economy; and

iv. Interference with ecosystem processes and services e.g. some of the pollinating fauna could be displaced, affecting flowering and fruiting patterns.

Similarly, the presence of sensitive environments, such as wetlands in many parts of the Project Area indicate a potential for a negative impact, especially if the project will clear parts of the wetlands for RoW or access roads, for construction and maintenance of the distribution lines. The distribution lines can be placed well above wetland vegetation, to avoid clearing this valuable and important remaining biodiversity resource.

In either case, the extent of habitat clearing by the project will be limited in terms of geographical extent, as it will only directly impact the vegetation around the pole positions, specifically. However, the need to maintain and ensure that RoW is clear of vegetation in places, on an on-going basis, implies that the impact will also be on-going and on a regular basis during the implementation and operation of the project.

Significance: This direct impact is categorised as negative and rated medium or moderate (-12).

Mitigation Measures

a) The position of the poles along the proposed route are of critical importance. Final pole positions must be checked on the site, to ensure that all environmental and social features within the final route are protected. Remnant natural forests and other ecologically sensitive areas should be avoided, at all cost. Where it is not possible to avoid such forests, the routing of the distribution lines should be done in consultation with the respective authorities, local governments and residents, to plan around creating unnecessary damage to the remaining natural forests, plants, wetlands, crop lands, woodlots, private buildings and farm infrastructure, like hedgerows, avenues of trees/bushes, walls and fences.

b) The distribution line must be strung, without having to clear low lying vegetation occurring within the RoW. Such vegetation could include crops and/or all remaining natural vegetation, and such must not be cleared for the stringing of the lines, during the construction phase. The final design thus requires careful planning.

c) The proposed distribution line plan should avoid destruction of old/mature trees and associated organisms, where these may occur along the Project Site. For example, and to the extent possible, the routing should deviate from trees with diameter at breast height size of 0.2m or above, in view of the significant value of such trees in the context of regeneration of species and continuity of life required to restore and strengthen ecosystem resilience.

d) Clearance of vegetation for RoW should be limited to a maximum of 5m on either side of the distribution line, unless there are no other options for rerouting the line. Only in circumstances where there are trees taller than 2.5m along the proposed route, does the RoW need to be cleared and in cases to more than 10m wide.

e) Care should be taken that the proposed line routes must avoid wetlands and to the extent possible, no access roads for construction or maintenance of the line should be developed to traverse wetland areas or areas hosting natural vegetation.

f) Locate material storage areas and construction yards in existing cleared areas in main towns like Mubende, Kibaale and Bwizi, for instance.

g) Replant and restore cleared areas with native vegetation that is low in height and does not need to be regularly cleared, keeping an eye on the proliferation of exotic weed species.


Impacts 3: Gene pool (domesticated plants and animals)

This category refers to the potential impacts of the project, specifically on the gene pool of domesticated monoculture, as opposed to wild types of plants and animals.

Examples of monoculture plant cover that are found in many parts of the Project Site include Pine sp. and Eucalyptus sp. woodlots, tea plantations, coffee and food crops, such as maize, bananas, etc. Domestic monoculture animals, such as dairy and beef cattle, goats, pigs and chicken are also found in the Project Site.

Other than the clearing of vegetation cover, for the RoW, the proposed project will have no direct or indirect impact on the genetic composition, diversity and functioning of the monoculture plants and animals in the Project Area.

Significance: This indirect impact is therefore rated as zero (0).

Impact 4: Sustainable use of soil

This category relates to the potential impact of the project on soil fertility.

As the project is going to be based mostly within the existing road reserve, the specific area of potential soil

alteration will be limited to the holes for electricity poles, which will not exceed a maximum diameter of 0.35m and a depth of 2m. The resulting effect of possible impact on soil fertility is negligible.

Significance: Overall therefore, the project will not have any negative impact on soil fertility and this impact is therefore rated as zero (0). Mitigation Measures

a) Avoid the contamination and pollution of soils with hazardous materials like fuels and oils, through the proper handling of construction materials and ensuring effective waste management (refer to mitigation impacts on the ‘water cycle’ and ‘construction waste’).

Impact 5: Sustainable use of fauna

This category of impact refers to sustainable use including effect of the proposal on breeding populations of fish and game or wild animals

The Project Area is highly modified with rural settlements and mostly used for subsistence agriculture. The remaining scattered patches of natural vegetation do not support any wild animals, from what could be observed locally. In addition, baseline surveys and stakeholder consultation did not record any systematic activity regarding sustainable use of fauna, within the Project Area.

Significance: The project will therefore not have any negative impacts on sustainable use of fauna and is rated as a zero (0).

Impact 6: Sustainable use of flora

This category refers to sustainable use, including the effect of proposal on natural regeneration of woodland and sustainable yield.

The proposed line will be based mostly within existing road reserves and the clearing of RoW for the

distribution lines will be limited mostly to pole positions and, in some cases, to 5m each side of the line.

The Project Area is a highly transformed agro-ecosystem and there is very little evidence of presence of significant vegetation cover of the natural woodland in the area, apart from scattered patches of remnant forest and riparian vegetation growing close to and forming part of the wetland systems.


The project will have insignificant impact on the on-going sustainable use of remaining natural trees and natural woodland and thickets.

Significance: The project will therefore have no negative impact on sustainable use of flora and is thus rated zero (0).

Impact 7: Sustainable use of wetlands

This category refers to sustainable use, including the effect of proposal on wetland resource degradation or wise use of wetlands.

The construction and maintenance of distribution lines can damage wetlands in several ways including: i. Heavy machinery can crush wetland vegetation and wetland soils; ii. Wetland soils, especially very peaty soils can be easily compacted, increasing runoff, blocking

flows, and greatly reducing the wetland’s water holding capacity; iii. construction of access roads can change the quantity or direction of water flow, causing

permanent damage to wetland soils and vegetation; iv. construction and maintenance equipment that crosses wetlands can stir up sediments,

endangering fish and other aquatic life; v. distribution lines can be collision obstacles for water birds in the area. vi. clearing forested wetlands can expose the wetland to alien species, thus threatening the

remaining natural habitat; vii. vehicles and construction equipment can introduce exotic/alien plant species in the rural area.

With few natural controls, these species do out-compete high-quality native vegetation, destroying valuable wildlife habitat and are a direct threat to food security and the rural agro-economy.

Any of these activities can impair or limit wetland functions by compacting the organic top soils that consist of layers of decomposed plant material that formed very slowly. Disturbed wetland soils are not easily repaired. Severe soil disturbances may permanently alter wetland hydrology. A secondary effect of disturbance is the opportunistic spread of invasive weedy species, which provide little food and habitat for aquatic life.

While the project will be based mostly in a road reserve, overall it has the potential to cause limited and low impact wetland degradation beyond the RoW, thus not affecting the sustainable use of the resource.

Significance: The direct impact is rated medium or moderate (-12). Mitigation Measures

a) Avoid clearing wetland and riparian vegetation, when stringing lines across wetland

ecosystems.

b) Avoid placing distribution lines across deep wetlands and route the line within the existing road

reserve.

c) Span over wetlands, wherever possible.

d) Carefully clean construction equipment after working in areas infested by water hyacinth or other known invasive and exotic species.


Impact 8: Food chain

This category is related to ecosystem maintenance including effect of the proposal on food chain.

The risk in this project to the food chain, would focus predominantly in the management of pollution sources,

especially when it comes to the use, storage and disposal of fuel, oil and paraffin.

Significance: Overall the project could have indirect negative impacts to the food chain, if not well

managed, thus rated as low and negative (-9).

Impact 9: Nutrient cycle

This category relates to ecosystem maintenance, including the effect of proposal on nutrient cycles.

Alteration of the physical environment, which could potentially impact the movement and exchange of

nutrients, will be through digging of holes for the erection of the electric distribution line poles.

Construction of these holes will have minimal impact, as they will not exceed a maximum diameter of 0.35m and a depth 2m spaced at intervals of 100m apart, for the medium voltage lines and 50m apart for low voltage lines.

Significance: Overall the project will not have any negative direct or indirect impacts to the nutrient cycle and the impact is therefore rated zero (0). Impact 10: Water cycle

This category refers to the effects of the proposed project on ecosystem maintenance and more specifically on aquifer recharge, water run-off rates, surface water quality (pollution and erosion).

Physical alteration of the environment will only happen through clearing of the RoW for the digging holes for pole structures and at some other places, where vegetation clearing is unavoidable for the placement of the distributions line. This will however be mostly confined to the existing road reserve along the proposed line routing, except where deviation is required, negotiated and agreed upon with land owner/s.

In addition, the erection of the electricity poles will have minimal impact as the holes will not exceed a maximum diameter of 0.35m and spaced at intervals of 100m apart for the medium voltage lines and 50m apart for low voltage lines.

The potential for this project to affect the ecosystem function of the surrounding environment in the Project Area will be limited in extent and intensity.

Significance: Overall, this direct impact is therefore rated as very low or negliable (-8). Mitigation Measures

a) Polluting compounds to water (including underground water), like oils, fuels, paints and herbicides all form part of the materials typically used on such projects and require special management to avoid any spillage of any magnitude and causing pollution of the environment.


Impact 11: Ecosystem habitats

This category refers to ecosystem functioning including the effect of the proposal on geographical extent of habitats.

Right-of-way construction activities may transform habitats, depending on the characteristics of existing vegetation, topographic features and installed height of the transmission lines. Examples of habitat alteration from these activities include further minor fragmentation of a severely impacted forest habitat and savannah biome; loss of wildlife habitat, including for nesting; further establishment of non-native invasive plant species; and visual disturbance due to the presence of machinery, construction workers, distribution towers and associated equipment (IFC. 2007.).

However, as indicated in previous sections, the general environment in the Project Site and surrounding areas has been highly modified from natural state with few to no wild animals remaining. Numerous bird species are found in this landscape that has over time been transformed into a subsistence agro-ecosystem, with human settlements in form of rural homesteads, villages, trading centres and in some places, government administrative offices and social services structures and facilities.

Scattered patches of natural forests, wooded bushland or thick riparian vegetation cover some sections of the routing, especially in valleys or near streams or seasonal water sources. The proposed line also traverses several wetland systems, most of which remain largely intact are transformed to some extent, while others are largely transformed and encroached upon by croplands. There is evidence of recent and on-going activities to reclaim wetlands for cultivation of food crops, such as bananas.

Patches of planted Pine sp. and Eucalyptus sp. woodlots occur in several places in the Project Site.

Apart from crossing the River Mpanga in Lot 8, the proposed routing line does not cross any rivers of significance, although several streams, some seasonal, are found in valleys and wetland systems, specifically in Lot 7.

Apart from wetlands systems, the general environment in the Project Area no longer retains any natural ecosystem habitats of significant size and no new distribution lines are proposed through any form of protected area. While the impact in this context, will be of a relatively long term, because of the need to clear and maintain the RoW, this impact will be limited in terms of geographical extent.

Significance: The indirect impact is therefore categorised as negative and rated as low or minor (-10). Mitigation Measures

a) Remnant natural forests and other ecologically sensitive areas should be avoided, at all cost. Where it is not possible to avoid natural vegetation such as forest trees and forests, the routing of the distribution lines should be done in consultation with the respective authorities, local governments and residents, to minimise damage to property and remaining patches of natural and sensitive vegetation cover.

b) The proposed distribution line should at all costs, avoid the removal of old/mature natural/fruit trees, including private woodlots along the route. For example, and to the extent possible, the routing should deviate from all trees that have significant value in the context of regeneration of species and continuity of life.

c) Clearance of vegetation for RoW should be limited to a maximum of 5m on either side of the distribution line and only where necessary, should it be such and wider.

d) Care should be taken that the proposed line routes must avoid, as far as is possible, natural vegetation, wetlands and private woodlots, and to the extent possible, no access roads for construction or maintenance of the line should be developed to traverse wetlands.


Impact 12: Fragile ecosystems

This category of impact is related to ecosystem maintenance, including the effect of the proposal on fragile ecosystems.

The proposed project has the potential to impact fragile ecosystems, such as wetlands, of which there are numerous over much of the Project Site.

Clearance, operation and maintenance of RoW, at pole position and at some other places where vegetation clearing is unavoidable, may impact fragile ecosystems, directly or indirectly. RoW clearance may involve use of mechanical removal of vegetation that can contribute to loss of native species diversity and the clearing of any large area in the RoW, especially on steeper slopes, will be a continuous erosion problem and source of sedimentation moving into waterways and wetland systems. RoW access across private land can also result in both crop and habitat loss, if the vegetation is higher than 2.5m.

Pollution or siltation of water courses from construction activities is a possibility, yet can be avoided by the restoration of cleared areas, making use of low height natural vegetation species.

The introduction of non-native invasive species, or alien invasive species can become a problem, if these exotic species are not well controlled and eliminated, if found to occur.

However, the anticipated impacts on such fragile ecosystems will be limited to the existing road reserves and the distribution lines will likely mostly span across wetlands ecosystems, without causing any appreciable damage or degradation to these ecosystems. The geographical extent of the impacts will therefore be low. Nonetheless, these impacts will be felt over the long term in view of the need to conduct periodic maintenance of the RoW and keep it free of any vegetation cover during the operational phase of the project.

Significance: The direct impact is therefore categorised as negative and rated as low or minor (-10).

Mitigation Measures

a) Seek clearance/obtain wetland user permit from NEMA. b) Distribution lines and associated assets and support structures to avoid fragile ecosystems

and critical habitats (e.g. wetlands and riparian vegetation). c) Minimise clearing and disruption to wetland systems and riparian vegetation. d) Erect distribution lines above existing clearance within vegetation to avoid additional habitat

clearing. e) Remove invasive plant species during construction and routine maintenance of RoW. f) Management of construction site activities to conform to standard guidelines and

environment safeguard policies, including relevant sections of the General EHS Guidelines.

Impact 13: Employment This category of impact is related to the effect of the proposal on generation or reduction of employment in the area.

The project will have a positive impact in the Project Area, both in the short-term during the construction

phase, as well as in the long-term after power has been distributed to the area, stimulating the local economy and supporting the growth of commercial activities and other services.

In the short-term the proposed power line construction project is anticipated to create employment opportunities for both skilled and unskilled labour. This project is expected to provide between 30-50 jobs when intensive activities commence. Based on the field findings, it was established that on average more than 50% of the population in the Project Area had not attended school beyond primary level, which limits their employable skills. However, for tasks such as excavating holes for poles, community members will be considered. Beyond the community people, various professions and fields will be employed, including electrical engineers, cooks, surveyors, cleaners, drivers, mechanics and many others. Security personnel, like watchmen and guards, will also be needed to safeguard Contractor’s equipment, construction materials and supplies. Based on the knowledge and skills established to exist in the Project Area, community members will benefit by taking on unskilled job opportunities. As provided for under the Local Content Regulations 2015,


most labourers will be hired from the Project Area and this will benefit the local communities. It is estimated that local income will be boosted in the Project Area.

In the medium to the long-term, access to electricity will lead to increased commercial activities in most of the trading centres, improved delivery of basic services and lead to diversification of economic enterprises in the area. Consequently, it is anticipated that there will be a corresponding increase in business and employment opportunities, particularly in the trading centres, which are expected to expand in size and commercial activities.

While the geographical extent of the impact of the project will be limited to the Project Site, especially along the routing of the proposed line, the project’s benefits in terms of creating employment opportunities, will be felt not only during the construction phase, but also over the long-term as trading centres continue to expand and business opportunities also continue to grow on an-going basis.

Significance: This direct and indirect impact is therefore categorised as positive and rated as high (+15). Mitigation Measures

a) Labour can be employed from along the route, with strict adherence to international labour laws and local cultural sensitivities, as identified during consultations, focusing on gender equity and child protection and within the parameters of the ESMP.

b) To minimise the negative social behaviour, it is recommended that, where necessary and feasible, local labour force from within the immediate communities be recruited to minimize housing pressures as well as, social conflicts in the Project Area. For purposes of recruiting the local labour force, the Contractor should work closely with local council leadership to identify suitable persons for employment. In addition, the Contractor needs to liaise with the Kamwenge, Kagadi, Kibaale and Mubende Districts Labour Officers on matters of local labour recruitment arrangements.

Impact 14: Social cohesion or disruption

This category of impact refers to the effect of the proposal on social cohesion or disruption.

Going by past trends regarding construction of infrastructure projects, such as roads, electricity transmission and distribution lines, this project also has the potential to impact negatively on cultural sensitivities of the local communities along the proposed line routing.

The behaviour of construction workers can cause a level of disruption of culturally acceptable modes of conduct and behaviour of the communities in the Project Site and thus impact negatively on social cohesion amongst members of these communities.

The most prominent social concern cited in stakeholder meetings held at District and local levels along the entire project routing, is the use of vulgar language by construction workers specifically directed at women and children. There is widespread concern that this form of behaviour is perceived as the most negative impact of the project on the social fabric of the local communities. It is not culturally acceptable because it embarrasses people before their children, in laws, spouses and friends.

The pervasive and culturally crude behaviour of construction workers across many infrastructure projects, including electricity distribution lines is highly sensitive in the short and long-term. The impact is felt immediately, but the effect on the social cohesion and especially on culturally acceptable behaviour lasts long after the construction phase of the project. The effect on social and cultural sensitivities is also felt during the implementation and maintenance phases of the project thereby making this impact an issue of concern and one which requires serious attention in formulating and implementing appropriate mitigation measures.

Significance: The direct and indirect impact of this project is therefore considered negative and is rated high (-15).


Mitigation Measures

a) The Contractor should be monitored independently and regularly to ensure strict compliance with contractual obligations, including adherence to stipulated standards of conduct and behaviour of construction workers.

b) The Contractor needs to sensitise workers in cultural values and norms of the area and the identified sensitivities.

c) The Contractor needs to work closely with the existing law enforcement agencies in the areas of the project (Local Councils and the Police) to help address potential issues of crime in the project. Local authorities require support to handle the increased cases of indiscipline and conflict, brought about by the increased population influx, and any disputes that are likely to ensue.

d) Issues of security should be handled hand-in-hand with the local Council administration, to ensure that suspicious non-known members of the area who are also not part of the project, are rounded up to avoid disrupting the security of the area.

e) The project should in addition have its own security system as it is very common to find the local security organs conniving with the bad characters to exploit projects.


Impact 15: Human health

This impact relates to the effects of the proposal on human health focusing specifically on HIV/AIDS, STDs, exposure to creosote and electromagnetic fields, etc.

Access to regular and stable electric power supply by health institutions and facilities will generate positive benefits including, storage and refrigeration of medical supplies and medicines; capacity to use radiology and ultrasound equipment to conduct diagnostic tests and provide appropriate treatment; ability to carry out procedures and other medical activities that ordinarily require a stable supply of electricity. The project will also likely attract health care workers and ultimately result in improved delivery of healthcare services, notably maternal healthcare and treatment.

On the other hand, the project has the potential to generate negative direct or indirect impacts on human health to varying degrees, largely due to the influx of people in the Project Area during the various phases of the project. The interaction of local communities with construction workers and other migrants could potentially facilitate exposure of local communities to health risks and advance the spread of communicable diseases (HIV/AIDS, Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)). Continued influx of people in the Project Area will also stretch the capacities of existing health facilities and thus impair their abilities to provide adequate healthcare services to the resident local communities.

The stakeholder consultations conducted at District and local levels characterised HIV/AIDs as a significant fear and concern among communities. The consultations also identified potential enabling factors for the spread of HIV/AIDS, including increased consumption of alcohol, which could lead to promiscuity amongst the workers and the community and subsequent increase in the prevalence of other sexually transmitted diseases. This will greatly affect both the local communities and the immigrant workers. This component of the effect of the project on human health represents a significant negative impact that will continue to be felt long after the project has become operational.

The project may also impact human health through exposure to hazardous materials or conditions. Although the potential impact of Electro-Magnetic Fields (EMF) on human health is perceived as a concern, there is no evidence to demonstrate that exposure to this condition could lead to adverse effects on human health. Nonetheless, care should be taken to ensure that exposure of construction workers to EMF is limited to within the recommended occupational levels.

While prolonged exposure to large amounts of creosote may cause minor to serious human health effects, there is little evidence to demonstrate that the limited level of exposure to this wood preservative, especially in distribution line projects, is harmful to human health. The same goes for copper-chrome-arsenic (CCA) treated timber poles, which also pose no significant health threat on the site.

Overall, the magnitude, sensitivity, intensity and significance of this impact are categorised as high thereby making the overall impact equally high, the impacts will likely continue to be felt long after the project is completed.

Significance: The direct and indirect impact is therefore rated as negative and high (-16).

Mitigation Measures

a) A comprehensive HIV/AIDS Awareness and Management Plan must be implemented throughout and for the duration of the construction phase, with post-completion monitoring and reporting to REA and NEMA, collaborating with NGOs and CBOs, as possible.

b) Sensitisation of communities to be conducted and include electromagnetic fields, accidental electrocution, exposure to hazardous waste materials like fuels, oils and timber offcuts with creosote and/or CCA, safe levels of exposure and related impacts, to avoid speculation.


Impact 16: Influx of people

This impact refers to the effect of the proposal on the influx of people into the Project Area.

The project has the potential to generate an influx of people into the Project Area to varying degrees at various stages of the project, which in turn will result in both positive and negative impacts in the Project Site and the surrounding areas.

Infrastructure projects of this nature tend to raise expectations and perceptions of local communities about opportunities for direct and indirect employment and thus positive financial benefits. The project will therefore likely attract unskilled and skilled workers seeking employment within the project or in other commercial and related activities in the Project Area, especially in the trading centres along the proposed routing for the electricity distribution line.

Other people will also move into the Project Area seeking opportunities to provide support services or supply goods, specifically to the project and to other business, including commercial and farming activities in the towns and surrounding areas. This category of migrants will most likely be small-scale entrepreneurs and retail traders, commercial sex workers and others from the informal and formal sectors, with the hope of taking advantage of new business opportunities and thus increased expectations of securing substantial gains from the supply of a basic service, electricity.

It is likely that the influx of people into the Project Area will be concentrated within the towns and major trading centres. One of the issues of concern that was raised repeatedly in all community meetings was the likely increase in the prevalence of HIV/AIDS-STDs in the Project Area. In addition, it was felt that the crime rate and general insecurity will also likely increase, particularly in the larger trading centres in the Project Area.

The influx will also likely impact negatively the local environment along the proposed line routing and surrounding areas, through expansion of unplanned settlements, bush clearing for charcoal, etc.; increased pressure on existing facilities and services for health care, water, waste disposal and other basic services; social and cultural sensitivities around the influx of outsiders into the local area, among others.

The project will also lead to direct and indirect positive impacts including, increased local labour pool and demand for local workforce; alternative livelihood opportunities; improved local wage and income levels; improved trading opportunities, value addition and marketing potential for local produce; increased demand for goods and services through the development of new business opportunities and thus stimulation of local economy, among others.

While this impact will result in positive gains in the Project Area, it also has the potential to create highly sensitive negative impacts, which are likely to be felt beyond the immediate Project Site and for a much longer duration and on an on-going basis.

Significance: Overall this direct and indirect impact is therefore categorised as negative and rated high (-15).

Mitigation Measures

a) To minimise the negative social behaviour, it is recommended that, where necessary and feasible, local labour force from within the immediate communities be recruited to minimize housing pressures as well as, social conflicts in the Project Area. For purposes of recruiting the local labour force, the Contractor should work closely with local council leadership to identify suitable persons for employment. In addition, the Contractor needs to liaise with the Mubende, Kibaale, Kagadi and Kamwenge Districts Labour Officers, on matters of local labour recruitment arrangements.

b) The Contractor needs to sensitise workers in cultural values and norms of the area. c) The Contractor needs to work closely with the existing law enforcement agencies in the areas

of the project (Local Councils and the Police) to help address potential issues of crime in the project.

d) The project should set up internal controls and security systems for its materials.


e) The Contractor should put in place, a Project Labour Force Policy, to address all matters relating to recruitment and disciplinary measures for the workers, as well as an accepted method for workers to raise matters of concern.

f) Local authorities require support to handle the increased cases of indiscipline and conflict, brought about by the increased population influx, and any disputes that are likely to ensue.

g) Issues of security should be handled hand-in-hand with the local Council administration, to ensure that suspicious non-known members of the area who are also not part of the project, are rounded up to avoid disrupting the security of the area.

h) The project should in addition have its own security system as it is very common to find the local security organs conniving with the bad characters to exploit projects.

i) A comprehensive HIV/AIDS Awareness and Management Plan must be implemented throughout and for the duration of the construction phase, with post-completion monitoring and reporting to REA and NEMA, collaborating with NGOs and CBOs, as possible.

Impact 17: Communication and transportation

This impact refers to the effect of the proposal on communication – roads opened, closed re-routed and communication to mobile telephone networks.

The construction phase of the project will likely affect the primary and secondary roads in the Project Site for a

limited period. Vehicles carrying poles, conductor cables and other support structures and materials, as well as construction workers will interfere with the flow of traffic on the roads. In some cases, the process of erecting poles and attaching conductor cables will result in short and temporary closure of some sections of the roads. Although there is steady traffic on the road, the roads are never highly congested, as in urban or city areas.

The project is mostly located within existing road reserves, so the need for re-routing traffic or opening up new roads will not be necessary. In addition, as the existing traffic volume on these rural roads is considerably low, the impact of temporary closure will be equally low during the construction period and even lower when the project becomes operational.

Nonetheless, the project is also likely to bring positive benefits especially regarding regular maintenance of the feeder roads in the Project Area by the respective District Local Governments. There is not anticipated to be any short or long-term significant change in traffic volume on the roads. Trucks that carry agricultural produce to markets within the Project Area and to major urban centres in the District and country already traverse the rote regularly.

Improved connectivity to mobile telephone networks and the internet provide long-term benefits and are considered an indirect and cumulative impact, once there is greater access to electricity, so the reliability and use of mobile devices becomes possible.

Significance: Overall, the direct impact of the project on roads in the Project Site will be localised and of limited duration. This impact is therefore categorised as negative and low or minor (-9).

Mitigation Measures

a) The Contractor must announce their arrivals in areas to local leadership and residents, prior to arriving to work in new areas along the proposed route.

b) Work is to be conducted to minimise road blockage and closure, using appropriate traffic guides and signs near work areas, when roads are constricted or closed temporarily.

c) The Contractor and the construction teams should deploy traffic guides at strategic sections of the roads to control traffic flow and avoid potential accidents.

d) The Contractor should also use appropriated signage at specific locations to provide adequate warning to motorists and other road users of on-going construction work on the roads.


Impact 18: Local economy

This impact relates to the effect of the proposal on the local economy.

Extending electricity to the communities in the Project Site has the potential to generate immediate to long-

term tangible benefits to the local economy in the Project Area, particularly in the trading centres along the project routing. In addition, access to regular and stable supply of electricity will benefit agricultural activities and the production, post-harvest processing and sale of agricultural produce, such as maize and coffee. The livestock industry, especially dairy production and processing, albeit limited to some sections of Lot 8, will also stand to benefit from the project.

According to the social baseline study conducted in the Project Site, farming (crop production) is the major economic activity in the Project Area with over 80% of the population being directly involved. The main crops grown include maize, bananas, coffee, sweet potatoes, sorghum and beans. Currently farm produce is sold at farm gate or in weekly markets, which fetches less earnings for the farmers (Uganda Shillings 700) compared to what they would get after milling the maize and selling the resulting flour (Uganda Shillings 3,000). The project therefore will eventually boost farmers’ incomes and accelerate development at both village and domestic (family) levels.

The Project Area, especially Lot 8 has large numbers of dairy and beef livestock resources, yet farmers incur great losses due to lack of facilities for preservation of milk and other dairy products. When power is extended to the Project Area, farmers will have the potential to add value to the dairy produce, access larger markets and hence increase their income.

There are 72 trading centres, 9 villages, 3 health centres, 30 schools, 9 religious facilities, 3 government offices and 2 prisons identified for inclusion into the distribution project, which will benefit from the project. The main business activity in the trading centres is buying and selling of agricultural produce, especially on designated market days. For some of the bigger centres such as Lyakahungu, Biguri, Katalyeba, Bisozi, Kyebando and Bugwara in Lot 8, trading is more diverse with both retail and whole-sale businesses, metal fabrication and welding, fuel stations, carpentry and related woodwork crafts, water storage and supply, grain milling, milk cooling centres and coffee hulling. Diesel generators are currently used to power these activities, which is an expensive source of power.

The Project Site is also home to government institutions, primary and secondary schools (government assisted as well as private), health centres, churches, mosques and trade institutions. The bulk of energy used in these institutions and homesteads comes from fuel wood, paraffin and solar lighting (limited to a few government and educational institutions a) – with the prior increasingly exerting pressure and impacting negatively on the environment in the area. Access to electricity to these institutions will lead to improved service delivery and elevated standards of living in the Project Area.

In Nkoma Sub-County in Lot 8 for example, there are several efforts by government and the United Nations to assist large numbers of refugees to make them become self-sufficient, with self-help commercial activities, especially grain milling and coffee/rice hulling. The project will therefore bring immediate benefits to these efforts by meeting the demand for power to support such a large population and their self-help activities and ultimately help raise income levels in the medium to long-term.

In general, it is anticipated that when power is extended to the Project Area, it will lead to the creation of new business opportunities, including small scale industries, expansion of existing commercial activities, generation of employment opportunities, especially for women in non-agricultural commercial activities, agro-processing enterprises, etc. Taken together, these activities will in the long-term enhance the productivity and hence economic development of the Project Area, gradually facilitating the integration of the communities into the mainstream economy of the respective Districts.

Significance: Overall, this direct and indirect impact is categorised as positive and rated as very high (+16).

Mitigation Measures

a) Regular maintenance of the distribution line to ensure a steady and regular supply of electricity to the Project Area.


b) Timely assessment of the need to provide additional and affordable power to meet the anticipated increased demand for the power to support further economic development.

Impact 19: Cultural heritage

This impact is related to the effect of the proposal on all aspects of culture and heritage.

Based on past experiences regarding construction and maintenance of infrastructure projects, including

distribution lines, the extension of electricity to the Project Site in the context of this project will impact negatively on cultural sensitivities of the communities in the area.

The behaviour of construction workers and especially the use of vulgar language towards women and children in the Project Area has previously been and will be perceived as being offensive to culturally acceptable codes of behaviour and conduct. The significance of this behaviour is high, as the impact is immediate and will likely last long after the project has been completed.

In addition, the influx of people into the Project Area, especially into the trading centres, could lead to incidents of prostitution and drug abuse, which are also likely to impact negatively in the cultural sensitivities of the local communities in the area.

Each worker shall be obliged to sign and comply with the Code of Conduct for workers

Significance: This direct impact is categorised as negative and medium or moderate (- 13). Mitigation Measures a) REA must ensure that the necessary social safeguards are put in place and effectively managed,

to avoid unnecessary and negative social impacts resulting from the promise of this project.

b) Contractors must ensure that their supervisors, employees and all sub-contractor personnel,

adhere to the proposed social interaction guidelines, to avoid unnecessary harm on vulnerable

groups, such as children and women.

c) Appropriate fines may be issued towards Contractors, in cases of significant non-compliance

towards the provisions of the ESMP, as such will ensure the effective implementation of the

project, alongside the guidelines for sustainability and constructive rural transformation.

Impact 20: Cultural objects (including PCR)

This impact refers to the effect of the proposal on objects of cultural value (including Physical Cultural Resources).

Field observations in the Project Area, as well as stakeholder consultations on the ground, did not reveal the

presence of any PCRs, especially national monuments, cultural sites (shrines, cemeteries, burial grounds, etc,) along the proposed line routing. Further discussions with the National Museums, the institution responsible for management of national monuments and cultural sites, also confirmed that the proposed routing will not interfere with any of the PCR that have been identified and mapped in the Districts traversed by the project.

Significance: The project will therefore have no direct or indirect impact on PCRs and this impact therefore is categorised and rated as zero (0).

Mitigation Measures

a) If any religious institution along the site it going to be directed impacted upon by the proposed line, then specific discussions during final planning can be conducted.

b) Implement the Chance Finds Procedure, if any physical heritage of importance is found during the implementation of the project.


Impact 21: Gender Impacts

This impact is related to the effect of the proposal on direct and indirect gender impacts focusing specifically on access and utilisation of resources and reducing the gender poverty gap.

The project has considerable potential to generate positive impacts on women’s and men’s livelihood

opportunities and empower women, through inclusion in roles from which they have traditionally been excluded. The project has the potential to make a significant difference in women’s health, labour burdens, time use, safety and security, and increase possibilities for income generation.

The provision of electricity to all, men and women within the trading centres, government institutions and facilities such as health centres, churches, mosques, schools etc, will be perceived by the District Local Government Officials at various levels and by the local communities, as a direct positive impact of the project on gender considerations. In addition, the impact on the local economic and employment dynamics and especially the anticipated opportunities for both men and women to provide local supplies and services, will be an additional benefit in the context of gender equality.

Women in a rural setting such as the Project Site, are predominantly engaged in demanding household chores including spending long hours fetching water for domestic use and wood fuel for cooking. The supply of electricity to the growth centres and thus the supply of community piped water will provide time savings that will in turn widen women’s opportunities to gain employment and income outside the home.

The provision of electricity to health centres and clinics in the Project Area particularly for lighting, refrigeration of medications and the use of diagnostic equipment such as X-rays and ultra-sound will have an especially beneficial impact on maternal health.

Street and public lighting especially in the trading centres, may potentially contribute to reduction in crime rates and violent sexual crimes and thus improve the socio-physical mobility of women and girls within the trading centres.

However, the project also has the potential to reinforce existing gender disparities and biases, in which positive benefits (employment, compensation, etc.) are felt disproportionately more by men and the negative impacts by women. For example, stakeholder consultations in the Project Area identified the following concerns which they perceived as potentially negative gender-biased impacts of the project:

i. limited engagement of women on project activities;

ii. increase in sexual harassment of women and young girls by construction workers;

iii. increase in sexually transmitted diseases including HIV/AIDS;

iv. sexual exploitation of young girls which could lead to increased incidents of school drop-out;

v. social tension within households, gender-based violence and disruption of family units; and

vi. stakeholder consultations and local development plans made without the voice of women, etc.

In addition, evidence from previous infrastructure projects demonstrate that women-owned businesses (kiosks, grinding, milling, tailoring, grocery shops, etc.) have less access to property and land for economic activities, and even less access to credit needed for business investment, including electricity connection. The need to address this imbalance is one that will require careful consideration, as it cuts across several government sectors and entities, including financing institutions.

Significance: This direct impact is categorised as high (- 15).

Mitigation Measures

a) A key consideration for the proposed project is the ability to effectively involve key stakeholders in a realistic and positive participatory process to combat gender violence and the abuse and mishandling of women and children on such government infrastructure projects and the Contractor must present a plan to address such.

b) Conducting appropriate sensitisation on gender issues at all levels within the Project Area and creation of awareness on the responsibility of all concerned during the various phases of the project to address specific gender concerns. This should entail consultation with both women and men in the Project Area and within the construction teams.

c) REA and the Contractor should ensure that:


i. effective gender responsive and equality activities under the proposed project are duly defined and implemented through participatory engagement;

ii. the targets and indicators for monitoring the gender impacts and outcomes are clearly defined in the contract documentation;

iii. the quantifiable and none quantifiable, gender and social related direct and indirect benefits have been defined and duly achieved; and

iv. a social specialist is deployed on the project to oversee among others, gender mainstreaming in the project cycle is observed and implemented.

d) A Gender Awareness Programme be established and an HIV/AIDS awareness campaigns must be regularly conducted for PAPs, workers and local communities, as well as activities promoting access to health services, treatment and counselling.

Impact 22: Vulnerable groups

This impact is related to the effect of the proposal on vulnerable groups (women, children, persons with disabilities).

Stakeholder consultations conducted in the project identified child abuse as a problem that has emerged from

previous infrastructure projects. There is therefore concern in the local communities and amongst some of the leadership at various levels that this project may also have the potential to impact school children as vulnerable members of society.

The proposed project traverses’ areas with 30 schools and 81 settlements and it is likely that some project workers could engage in sexual relations with school and under-aged children. This could result in an increase in child pregnancy/marriage, which was established to be at 7% in Kibaale District. In addition, sex work involving children and school dropout, defilement of school children and marrying school girls, were also cited as potential impacts that could be generated by the project. The local communities are also concerned that during the construction phase of the project, as has happened in previous infrastructure projects, the Contractors are likely to be tempted to use children as labourers, to save money on labour costs; this amounts to child labour and abuse.

As has been mention in previous sections of this document, the project has the potential to make a positive and significant contribution to women's livelihoods through provision of employment opportunities, increased income levels, improved maternal healthcare and gender empowerment.

Equally though, the project has the potential to exacerbate existing gender inequalities and lead to a situation in which women become the target of the potential negative impacts of the project. Examples of such impact include: limited engagement in available project work and tasks; sexual harassment and exploitation; social tension in some homes; disruption of marriages; gender-based violence, among others.

Male construction workers are also likely to lure school girls with money and other gifts and ultimately lead to incidents of sexual exploitation of young girls, pregnancies and school-drop out. School attendance is also likely to be affected; some children might decide to skip school to earn money from the project, while others may spend time simply watching power line construction works.

For people with disabilities, access to electricity is an essential service and its benefits go beyond just the provision of light and heat, and include devices that provide mobility, communication and independence. In addition, people with disabilities are often more likely to have less income and therefore struggle to get employment, afford electricity costs, and therefore end up requiring greater assistance for basic services. There is concern that people with disabilities are likely to experience the same challenges throughout the life of this project.

In general, incidents of child abuse, gender-based violence, sexual harassment and exploitation of women, as well as exclusion of persons with disabilities are issues of serious concern that require considerable attention and remedial action by all concerned parties in infrastructure projects, such as the proposed distribution line project. While the above negative impacts are likely to be localised in geographical extent, their cumulative effects will continue to be felt during the operation and maintenance phases of the project.

Consequently, the significance of the impact of the project on vulnerable groups is considerable in intensity and duration.

Significance: This direct impact is therefore categorised as negative and high (-15).


Mitigation Measures

a) A Child Protection Plan should be developed and provided to all the Contractors and school management to discourage the Contractors from using children as labourers. In addition, Contractors will be required to avoid employing workers who are below eighteen years old. They will also be required to keep records that show the ages of their workers.

b) Ensure that the community and local leadership have access to and know of and report abuse using the national child abuse hotline 116. The existence of the hotline can be displayed throughout near the construction site and in the community at large.

c) The Contractor should ensure that mechanisms for close monitoring of worker’s behaviour/conduct are in place e.g. Contractor could discreetly engage the police to identify anonymous informers from among the workers to monitor and report any negative behaviour by the workers including child abuse related misconduct, display a call line or suggestion box where the community can provide feedback on workers behaviour.

d) REA and the Contractor should ensure that all local leaders and women/child representatives are fully oriented to the labour force related risks for children engaging in construction related activities.

e) Talks with the Contractor and his workforce by relevant officials (including the police) on child protection should be encouraged and appropriately scheduled, including continuous popularisation of the child help line 116. Parents/guardians should be sensitised and held accountable for children leaving and arriving home before dark.

f) Conducting appropriate sensitisation on gender issues at all levels within the Project Area and creation of awareness on the responsibility of all concerned during the various phases of the project to address specific gender concerns and especially as they relate to women. This should entail consultation with both women and men in the Project Area and within the construction teams.

g) HIV/AIDS awareness campaigns for workers and local communities and activities promoting access to health services, treatment and counselling.

h) REA and the Contractor should ensure strict compliance with the provision of relevant safeguard policies with respect to persons with disabilities. REA and the Contractor should ensure that there are full and effective participations of persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups, like children and through representative organisations, in all phases of the project, including monitoring and evaluation.

Impact 23: Displaced persons

This impact refers to the effects of the proposal on displaced persons (refugees, resettled persons).

As previously indicated, Nkoma Sub-County in Lot 8 hosts over 70,000 refugees accommodated in 14 zones

and 43 villages. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNCR) together with the Office of the Prime Minister, as well as District and Local Government Offices aid the refugees to make them become self-sufficient. This assistance entails provision of start-up funds to establish self-help commercial activities, especially grain milling and coffee/rice hulling and other small-scale enterprises. The demand for power to support such a large population and their self-help activities is undoubtedly very high.

Consequently, the extension of electricity to the resettlement area will undoubtedly generate much needed positive benefits to the on-going UN and government efforts to resettle and support the displaced persons. The project will lead to enhanced delivery of basic services within the resettlement camp including lighting, water supply, health care facilities, waste disposal, self-help commercial activities, among others. In the long term, these efforts will lead to moderately high-income levels and standards of living for the displaced persons.


Significance: This direct impact is therefore categorised as positive and is rated medium or moderate (+14). Impact 24: Education

This impact refers to the effects of the proposal on educational facilities and services (schools, vocational training institutions) and academic performance.

The project has the potential to generate positive benefits to educational facilities and the overall learning

process in the various levels of the 30 schools in the Project Area. It is anticipated that in general, the provision of stable and regular electricity to schools and other learning institutions in the area will affect education, not only by improving the quality of schools resulting from their use of electricity-dependent equipment, but also by increasing time allocation for studying at home. Access to electricity leads to a significant increase in the time children spend studying in rural households; 1 light bulb can make the difference.

In addition, the project will potentially bring about additional positive benefits, including facilitation of introduction of Information and Computer Technology in the classroom, as well as laboratory equipment and materials for the science classes, thereby enabling the schools to conduct practical lessons for these classes (chemistry, biology, physics, electrical engineering, carpentry, etc.); enhanced staff retention leading to better teacher training; improved learning outcomes and thus better school performance.

However, the project also has the potential to bring about negative impacts. Thirty (30) schools are situated close to the road reserve, where the project will erect the distribution lines and support structures. During the construction phase of the project, these schools are likely to experience disruption from the noise of the construction workers, whilst excavating holes for the poles and erecting the poles and conductor cables. There is also a likelihood of construction-related accidents close to schools, which could cause further disruption to the learning process.

In general, the positive benefits that will be generated by the project outweigh the potential negative impacts in terms of significance and duration. The benefits will be felt long after the completion of the project on an-going basis and will also have a multiplier effect by generating additional indirect benefits that will manifest beyond the immediate area of the Project Site.

Significance: This direct impact is therefore categorised as positive and is rated high (+16). Mitigation Measures

a) All schools must be contacted during the final round of design, to check on access and availability of electricity.

b) Schools should be sensitised on the need to keep off construction sites and away from construction workers.

c) Workers to be instructed to observe silence, while working across sections of the routing near schools and not to interact with any school children.


Impact 25: Basic services

This impact relates to the effect of the proposal on basic services, including access to electricity, water, health care services, etc.

The demand for electricity in the overall Project Area seems high. There are many growth centres,

settlements and institutions (local government offices, schools, health centres, churches) along the proposed routing which stand to benefit from the project. As indicated previously, there are several growth centres along the proposed routing that are continuously expanding in size and level of commercial activities and which require enhanced basic services. In Lot 8 for example, Kamwenge Local District Government has been struggling to generate its own power to pump water to where it is most required, but this is a costly endeavour. Access to electricity would alleviate this problem and will bring down the cost of water significantly.

The demand for power is high, especially for lighting in homes and institutions and for several commercial activities, where such can afford it. The bulk of energy used in homesteads comes from paraffin and fuel wood – with the latter increasingly exerting pressure and impacting negatively on the environment in the area. Diesel generators are used to power some motorised commercial activities, such as maize milling, milk coolers, fuel stations, health centre facilities. Solar power is largely used for lighting in some of the schools and health centres. Diesel generators prove to be expensive sources of power and the capital required to establish a robust solar power system is typically prohibitive.

The whole Project Site is home to at least 30 primary and secondary schools (government assisted as well as private), churches, mosques, social and health centres and many more trade institutions. Supply of water and energy/power to these institutions is perhaps the most serious challenge that needs urgent attention.

Health services in the Project Site are in dire need of electricity in view of the large catchment area serviced by these facilities, especially with the on-going migration of people into the area, including the influx of large numbers of refugees from the Democratic Republic of Congo. The capacity of the health centre run by the resettlement base camp in Lot 8, is stretched because it also serves patients from neighbouring Districts of Ibanda and Kyenjonjo. The demand for power for this centre and other health centres in the Project Site in general, is even more urgent.

Nkoma Sub-County in Lot 8 for example, hosts dairy and beef cattle farms, but water scarcity limits the efforts of farmers to increase yields and thus provide growth to the local economy and job creation. There are several milk cooling centres in the area, which are all powered by diesel generators – a costly endeavour.

Against this background, the extension of electricity to the Project Area would bring about immediate tangible benefits to the Project Site and surrounding areas. The project would enhance the delivery of basic services, such as improved health care facilities, equipment, diagnostic procedures, maternal health care, etc.; water supply to commercial centres, schools, government institutions, churches, mosques, etc.; ultimately improved government administrative services that is cost effective and efficient.

Significance: This significance of this direct impact is very high in terms of intensity, duration and frequency. It is categorised as positive and is rated as very high (+18).


Impact 26: Human safety

This impact refers to the effect of the proposal on human safety (including consideration of OHS, crime, drug abuse and prostitution.

The nature of the project is such that exposure of construction and maintenance workers to occupational

health and safety (OHS) risks during the various phases of the project could impact negatively on the health

and safety of the workers, depending on the level and severity of exposure. In general, OHS hazards that are

of potential concern for this project include:

i. direct contact with live power lines during construction, maintenance and operations of the project;

ii. potential accidents and injuries because of falling from working at heights on poles and associated

support structures;

iii. exposure to Electro Magnetic Fields (EMF) – electrical engineers and technicians typically have higher

exposure to EMF than the general public, due to working in close proximity to electric power lines;

and

iv. exposure to chemicals including handling of pesticides and/or herbicides, used for RoW

maintenance.

In addition, the project also has the potential to generate indirect impacts on the health and safety of local

communities in the Project Area. The influx of workers, typically young males seeking construction jobs will be

associated with a series of social challenges such as crime, alcoholism/illicit drug abuse and prostitution. These

are often related to the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including HIV/AIDS. Vices such as drug

abuse and prostitution would affect social coherence and security in project communities, tarnishing the

image and intent of an otherwise good project.

Significance: Taken together, the overall direct and indirect impact of the project on human safety is

categorised as negative and is rated as medium (-12).

Mitigation Measures

a) Measures to prevent and control OHS issues during the construction, maintenance and operation of the project should adhere to established national and international OHS guidelines that are specific for electricity distribution line projects. These measures should also have site-specific targets and an appropriate timetable for achieving them, as related to:

The Contractor should have on site an Occupational Safety and Health Policy and Action

Plan addressing workers and PAPs on occupational safety and health issues, workplace

conditions, welfare, accidental electrocution, hazardous waste management, general safety

requirements, fire preparedness, machinery, plant and equipment, etc. in line with the

Occupational Safety and Health Act, 2006;

The Contractor should conduct HSE sensitization with local residents directly affected by

the project;

The Contractor should have HSE induction for all workers, and undertake daily tool box

meetings prior to works; and

Workers should regularly be taken through safety drills and emergency preparedness

training allowing for quick and efficient responses to accidents that could result in human

injury or damage to the environment.

b) The Contractor should involve local leaders and relevant officials in labour recruitment to ensure that people hired have no criminal record.

c) The local content provision should be emphasised to minimise labour requirements needed from outside the community.


d) Local governments and the Contractor should collaborate to allocate work forces and also involve the local police to contain criminal activities.

Impact 27: Visual impact

This impact describes the impacts of the proposal on the existing landscape, from a visual point of

view, like views opened or closed, etc.

The placement of the overhead power lines and the removal of vegetation in the clearing of the RoW in places

will result in views being either opened or closed.

This overall impact is considered negative, since the overhead powerline will clearly be placed and seen

alongside the road, being highly visual and together with the removal of vegetation in places along the route,

the visual landscape will certainly be altered. It is worth noting that it can be argued that from the point of

view of an impoverished local community, the sight of power lines may well be a positive visual impact.

A conservative approach is taken, in which the impact is considered negative and of medium significance.

Although the placement of the power line away from the road, which would be less visual to the majority of

road users and would reduce this visual impact along the road, such an alignment would affect other impacts

related to land tenure, loss of crop lands, compensation and ecological process considerations.

Significance: The overall direct impact is negative and considered low (-11).

Mitigation Measures

a) Careful consideration must be taken during the final design stage, to plan the final route alignment and place the final pole positions, with due consideration to resulting in minimal disturbance to the fragile rural landscape and setting.

Impact 28: Surrounding area

This impact refers to the effect of the proposal on compatibility with the surrounding area and land

use.

As discussed in previous sections, the general environment of the Project Site has been highly transformed,

and the landscape is thus dominated by subsistence agriculture, human settlements in form of homesteads,

trading centres and in some places, government administrative offices and social services structures and

facilities. However, there still exists scattered patches of natural forests, wooded bushland or thick vegetation

cover in several sections of the routing, especially in valleys or near streams or seasonal water sources. The

proposed line also traverses several wetland systems, most of which remain largely intact. Patches of planted

woodlots comprising mostly Pine sp. and Eucalyptus sp., also appear in several places in the Project Site.

The bulk of the land surrounding the Project Site is devoted to subsistence agriculture that is typical of rural

Uganda. Maize appears to be the dominant food and cash crop (non-traditional) and is grown on small-sized

family fields. Coffee, either as a mono-crop or inter-cropped with bananas, is also widely grown as are banana,

cassava, beans, sweet potatoes and a variety of fruit trees, including mango and avocado trees. Dairy farming

on a commercial basis is practiced on substantial parcels of land in a few places in the Project Area in Lot 8.

Small numbers of goats and pigs are the main livestock in most homesteads.

The erection of electricity poles, support structures, conductor cables and associated assets such as

transformers can be seen to stand in contrast to a rural setting, dominated by subsistence agriculture and

family homesteads. Or the distribution line may also be seen as a necessary component to the much-required

growth that becomes possible in the area. Nonetheless, while this visual contrast may not immediately appear

compatible with the surround area, the presence of the distribution line poles and conductor cables is widely

associated with potential for accelerated economic development of the area, opportunities for ready markets

for processing and selling farm produce, and expectations of increased standards of living for the local

communities in the long-term. This impact is therefore analysed based on compatibility with the surrounding

area on the one hand, and compatibility with the aspirations and expectations of the communities living in the

area surrounding the Project Site on the other.


Significance: The current land use of the surrounding area will be enhanced; this direct impact is

categorised as positive and rated medium (+14).

Impact 29: Public amenities

This impact relates to the effect of the proposal on public amenities being opened or closed e.g.

recreational possibilities.

Field observations conducted in the Project Area did not reveal any public or recreational amenities in any of

the trading centres or anywhere else in the Project Site and surrounding areas. In addition, a review of the

documentation obtained from the relevant District Local Government offices did not have any proposals or

plans for opening recreational facilities in the Project Site.

Significance: The project therefore will not have any impact on public amenities and is therefore

rated as zero (0).

Impact 30: Current land use and potential

This impact refers to the effect of the proposal on land uses and land use potential in the Project

Area (including the potential loss of crops, woodlot trees, damage to private property/infrastructure,

etc. and compensation).

The proposed power line is a medium (33kV) and low voltage (11kV) line that will largely follow the existing

road reserve. However, in instances where it is inevitable to deviate from the reserve, then private land will be

used for the RoW for the distribution lines. The RoW/way-leave will be cleared of vegetation, where necessary

and where poles are to be placed. Such must thus be carefully planned beforehand and before the poles are

erected. During field observations, it became evident that in some rural growth centres, some physical

structures and agricultural activities were being undertaken in the road reserve and these are therefore likely

to be affected.

In addition, private plantations of woodlots (mostly Pine sp. and Eucalyptus sp.) are grown in several places in

the Project Area and in some cases, they extend into the road reserves. Similarly, many of the maize, banana

and other food crops are grown in fields that extend into road reserves, especially in the smaller access roads

in the Project Site. The construction phase of the project will need to clear crops above 2.5m tall, this being

the case for woodlots in the road reserves to erect the distribution lines.

Although most District and Sub-County leaders consulted were enthusiastic about the benefits that are

anticipated from the proposed project, a number of concerns were equally echoed about the potential

loss/damage of their property, land, crops and businesses that is likely to arise from the proposed project. The

anticipated damage of property, land and crops is likely to be significant, because this featured repeatedly as a

concern of the Project Affected Persons (PAPs), because they were notified that the project being demand

driven, does not have provision for compensation. These matters need to be further addressed in the RAP.

This impact is therefore fairly sensitive, yet because the power line is expected to follow the existing road

reserves, the significance of the impact is correspondingly medium.

Significance: Overall the direct impact is categorised as negative and rated as medium (-14).

Mitigation Measures

a) Comprehensive and continuous sensitisation of PAPs, should be conducted throughout the project cycle.

b) Where private land is used REA should engage property owners and settle any compensation obligation before construction starts. The compensation shall be done in compliance with the approved RAP, National laws, and the Worldbank Safeguard operational policy OP 4.12.

c) Communicating to the PAPs early enough on the schedules of the project so that, they can make appropriate adjustments in scheduling harvesting, removal of crops and other structure from the way leave.


d) REA should support District Local Governments to establish woodlots which could serve as offsets in areas which will be cleared of trees to erect the distribution lines.


Impact 31: Possibility of multiple land use

This impact relates to the effect of the proposal on the possibility of multiple land use of land within

the road reserve.

The need to clear the RoW of vegetation and other obstacles in places to erect the distribution lines and

ensure that it remains free of such obstacles throughout the life of the project precludes the possibility of

allowing multiple land use within the road reserve. Low vegetation under the power line is permissible from a

safety point of view. It is also noted that low level crops may, with permission, again be replanted within road

reserve area, according to the Electricity Act 1999.

Significance: The project will therefore have the possibility of multiple land use. This is direct impact

is thus rated as positive and high (+15).

Mitigation Measures

a) Existing low-level crops be disturbed as little as possible, and where such is unavoidable, fair compensation be addressed within the RAP for the project.

b) The relevant authorities provide the necessary approvals for the re-establishment of low level crops, within the RoW, where such may be disturbed during the construction period.

c) Where the clearing of native vegetation and especially riparian and wetland vegetation, is required, it should be avoided at all cost, unless the situation is unavoidable.

Impact 32: Surrounding land use and potential

This impact relates to the effect of the proposal on surrounding land uses and land use potential

within the Project Area.

As indicated in previous sections, the bulk of the land surrounding the Project Site is predominantly used for

subsistence agriculture. Crop production is the main form of land use comprising small holder subsistence

farm fields growing maize, coffee, bananas, sorghum and beans as the main food/cash crops. In addition, the

Project Area also supports a livestock industry especially in some sections of Lot 8 in Kamwenge District.

Currently, farm produce is sold at the farm gate, but has the potential to earn more if the farmers had access

to facilities for post-harvest processing, including milling and hulling machinery that is powered by electricity,

as opposed to the more expensive diesel generators. In addition, as indicated previously, dairy farmers incur

significant losses due to lack of facilities for preservation of milk and other dairy products.

Extending electricity to the communities in the Project Site has the potential to generate immediate to long-

term tangible direct benefits to the local economy in the Project Area, particularly in the trading centres along

the project routing, which will serve as the first port of call for farm produce and general services.

Consequently, access to regular and stable supply of electricity will in the immediate term benefit agricultural

activities and in particular, the production, post-harvest processing and sale of agricultural produce, such as

maize and coffee. Farmers will have the potential to add value to the dairy produce, access bigger markets and

hence earn better incomes. The livestock industry especially dairy production and processing, will also stand to

benefit from the project.

In the medium to the long-term, the realisation of these benefits has the potential to generate interest

amongst the local farmers to invest in converting additional land in the surrounding areas specifically to

increase total acreage for food/cash crop production and where feasible, expansion of dairy and beef

production in the area.

Significance: Overall, this indirect impact is categorised as positive and rated as high (+15).


Mitigation Measures

a) Regular maintenance of the distribution line to ensure a steady and regular supply of electricity to the Project Area.

b) Timely assessment of the need to provide additional and affordable power to meet the anticipated increased demand for the power.

Impact 33: Construction waste

This impact relates to the effect of the proposal on the management of construction waste.

Stakeholder consultations conducted at National and District level, cited waste disposal as an issue of concern,

noting that there is a tendency for construction workers to dump unused materials and waste in sensitive

environments, such as wetlands. On occasions, the local communities around the Project Site pick up on the

habit and start using wetlands to dump waste and litter.

Construction workers also often leave behind mounds of unused backfill soil/marram and other source

materials, which are considered as new features that are introduced into sensitive environments such as

wetlands and water bodies. In addition, pieces of electric cables/conductors left behind by construction

workers often end up in the hands of poachers, who use them as wire snares to trap wildlife, especially in

protected areas.

Hazardous materials that are key components of the project equipment and assets have the potential to

impact the Project Site and the health and safety of workers if proper disposal management practices are not

applied. Some of the hazardous material associated with electricity distribution projects include insulating

oils/gases (e.g. sulphur hexafluoride - SF6). Others include liquid petroleum fuels and lubricants for vehicles

and other equipment, which are often used or stored around construction yards. The discharge of such

materials directly into the Project Site environment could potentially contaminate soils, surface and ground

water and other sensitive environments such as wetlands.

Construction workers on this project will also generate solid waste which will require proper waste

management measures within the workers camps and along the project routing.

Significance: This direct impact is categorised as negative and is rated low or minor (-9).

Mitigation Measures

a) The Contractors must have on-site waste storage facilities within their camps.

b) REA should therefore ensure that construction workers clean up the Project Site and remove all

debris left over from their work, including provision to contain and temporarily store hazardous

waste until it can be safely removed.

c) The Contractor must ensure that a NEMA licensed hazardous waste handler collects and

disposes of hazardous waste appropriately and to the satisfaction of the local government

authority.

d) REA Contractors need to put in place waste disposal arrangements with the relevant District

Local Government to ensure strict compliance regarding waste management and waste

disposal, especially in the case of hazardous waste.

e) Contractors must not construct camps, storage facilities and maintenance yards in the vicinity

of sensitive environments, such as wetlands, so as to prevent run-off and pollution of these

environments.

f) REA should ensure that the source material and backfill from external environments are free of

invasive species (seeds for example), which could impact the integrity and ecological balance of

ecosystems beyond the immediate Project Site.


Impact 34: Noise

This impact refers to the effect of the proposal from noise.

The construction phase of the project entails uses of heavy vehicles and equipment including pneumatic drills,

excavators and other machinery to excavate holes, erect the poles and conductor cables and move machinery

from site to site along the project routing. These activities will inevitably generate temporary noise that could

momentarily disruptive to the local community especially schools that are located in close proximity to the

road reserves. Such is best communicated beforehand to best plan such disruptions.

The general conduct of workers at work and around constructions yards are also likely to generate noise of a

disruptive nature, if the conduct is not properly supervised or managed.

This impact will be localised in terms of geographical extent and of very limited duration and mostly during the

daylight hours.

Significance: This direct impact is therefore categorised as negative and rated as very low or

negliable (-8).

Impact 35: Emissions

This impact refers to the effect of the proposal from emissions, including dust.

Emissions in terms of SF6 needs to be well identified and addressed through appropriate management of such

electronic equipment on the site, especially in terms of waste disposal of such items.

Other emissions include diesel and petroleum fumes from transport and construction vehicles, considered to

be of minor impact.

The construction phase of the project will use heavy vehicles to move materials and workers around the

Project Site and thus generate dust along the proposed routing. However, this is of a temporary nature and

will not significantly change the dust that is currently generated daily by other vehicles and especially buses

and trucks that move farm produce out of the Project Site.

Significance: This direct impact is therefore categorised as negative and rated as very low or

negliable (-7).


Impact 36: Alien Invasive Species

This impact refers to the effect of the proposal on Alien Invasive Species (AIS).

Alien Invasive Species (AIS) spread very rapidly in areas which have been cleared and not been properly

restored. In the context of this project, the clearance of the RoW for poles and support structures during

construction, as well as maintenance, should take due note of the potential for the proliferation of invasive

weed species, either already existing in or introduced to the Project Site.

Invasive species that are particularly aggressive which are therefore worthy of special note in the context of

the REA project include; Mimosa pigra (local name - mukwe wewumbe), Cymbopogon nardus (Citronella grass

or local name mutete), Parthenium histerophorus (Famine weed) and Lantana camara. Both Lantana camara

and Mimosa pigra are high-risk invasive species that spread very aggressively, form dense thickets and

displace other vegetation. Senna spectabilis grows very tall and very rapidly and may therefore cause

potential problems to overhead electricity cables and thus lead to high maintenance costs. This species

suppresses other tree species, rapidly becomes dominant and alters the integrity and diversity of the native

plant species.

The significance of this impact is medium in terms of the potential to spread to areas beyond the Project Site,

costs of regular maintenance efforts to remove or control the spread of the offending invasive species, as well

as the duration of infestation and application of control measures on an ongoing basis. The long-term

economic impact of the uncontrolled spread of Alien Invasive Species can significantly impact the agro-

ecosystem and rural economy, threatening food security, human health and further impoverishment. A close

eye must therefore be kept, so as to avoid the proliferation of exotic weed species, some of which can be

damaging to the health of people and domestic animals.

Significance: This direct and indirect impact is therefore categorised a negative and rated as

medium or moderate (-14).

Mitigation Measures

a) REA and the Contractors should ensure that the restoration of the disturbed areas using only

native plant species. REA should ensure that the Contractor engages the services of relevant

experts with knowledge and experience in species identification.

b) Further, there should be routine and proper maintenance of road reserves to minimise the

likelihood of the spread of invasive species that are particularly aggressive, such as Lantana

camara, already evident on the site.

c) REA should consider how best to put in place an effective 5-year exotic species eradication

programme, to best manage the further spread of exotic species into rural agro-ecosystems

and also create local employment.


8.4. Comparative Assessment of Alternatives

The comparative assessment between viable alternatives is detailed in the Table 8-4. The high

impact ratings are of most importance and the negative impacts require effective mitigation.

Impacts rated as medium and higher are considered further in the summary of impacts.

Table 8-4 Comparative Assessment of Alternatives, also ‘With Mitigation’

No. Description Lot 7 Lot 8 Alternative 1:

Preferred Option

Alternative 2:

No-Go Option

Alternative 1

‘With Mitigation’

1. Faunal biodiversity (wild animals) -10 -10 Low - Zero Low -

2. Floral biodiversity -11 -12 Medium - Very low - Low -

3. Gene pool (domesticated plants and animals) 0 0

Zero

Zero

-

4. Sustainable use of soil 0 0 Zero Zero -

5. Sustainable use of fauna 0 0 Zero Zero -

6. Sustainable use of flora 0 0 Zero Zero -

7. Sustainable use of wetlands -12 -12 Medium - Low + Low -

8. Food chain. -9 -9 Low - Zero Low -

9. Nutrient cycle. 0 0 Zero Zero -

10. Water cycle. -8 -8 Very low - Low + Low -

11. Ecosystem habitats. -7 -10 Low - Low + Low -

12. Fragile ecosystems. -8 -10 Low - Low + Low -

13. Employment. 14 15 High + Medium - High +

14. Social cohesion or disruption. -14 -15 High - Low + Medium -

15. Human health. -16 -15 High - Medium - Low -

16. Influx of people. -15 -15 High - Low - Medium -

17. Communication and transportation. -9 -9 Low - Low - Very low -

18. Local economy. 16 15 High + High - High +

19. Cultural heritage. -11 -10 Low - Low - Low -

20. Cultural objects (including PCRs). 0 0 Zero Zero Low -

21. Gender impacts. -15 -14 High - Medium - Low -

22. Vulnerable groups. -15 -14 High - Medium - Low -

23. Displaced persons. 14 14 Medium+ Medium - Medium +

24. Education. 16 16 High + Medium - High +

25. Basic services. 16 18 Very high + High - Very high +

26. Human safety. -12 -10 Medium - Medium + Low -

27. Visual impacts. -11 -11 Low - Zero Low -

28. Surrounding area. 14 12 Medium + Zero Medium +

29. Public amenities. 0 0 Zero Zero -

30. Current land use and potential. -14 -10 Medium - Zero Low -

31. Possibility of multiple land use. 15 15 High + Zero High +

32. Surrounding land use and potential. 15 15 High + Zero High +

33. Construction waste. -9 -9 Low - Zero Very low -

34. Noise. -7 -8 Very low - Zero Very low -

35. Emissions. -7 -7 Very low - Zero Very low -

36. Alien invasive species. -14 -12 Medium - Zero Very low -


8.5. Impact Summary

At this point in the assessment, it is necessary to highlight and group the similar high and medium

impacts. The main environmental and social impacts emerging from this study are listed below, as

rated as of medium significance or higher. Impacts of low significance are not included below, yet

are included in Table 8-4.

Positive Impacts

1. Employment opportunity and growth opportunity in the local economy (+ high impact);

2. Health care centres, schools and other social services gain access to electricity, to provide

better social services and basic services (+ high impact);

3. Enhancement in the productivity of agricultural land use activities in and around the Project

Area and stimulation of secondary processing facilities, such as maize grinding, coffee husking

and milk cooling, which require reliable and cost-effective electricity (+ high impact);

4. General improvement of the economy and rural landscape, towards a better established rural

agro-economy and more advanced farming (+ medium impact); and

5. Provide necessary and further support to the refugee settlements, through supporting the

provision of basic services in the form of electricity (+ medium impact).

Negative Impacts

6. The influx of people and the increase in social disruption and human health issues, related

specifically to the influx of people and HIV/AIDS, with which specific management is required to

guide social interaction during the construction period (- high impact);

7. The perpetuation of disempowerment of vulnerable groups of society, like women, children

and PWDs. Including existing gender imbalances and gender-based violence and discrimination

(- high impact);

8. Impact to remaining natural trees, forests and other natural vegetation, including wetland

vegetation will occur within limited areas for construction pole and over-head electricity lines (-

medium impact);

9. The loss of crops and woodlots on the RoW, when it deviates from the road reserve (-

medium impact); and

10. Risk of spreading Alien Invasive Species along, in and out of the Project Site (- medium impact).

With mitigation, these negative impacts can be reduced, as assessed and indicated in Table 8-4

(Alternative 1: With Mitigation), where all the negative impacts can be avoided or reduced to the

medium-level impact or below. It is necessary to implement the ESMP and achieve full compliance

with the ESMP in order to achieve such reduced impacts.


It is finally a clear finding of this study that especially in Lot 8, the proposed routing deviates

significantly from the road reserve, without it being apparent as to why. For the final design of Lot

8, it is thus recommended that the final route be located within the road reserve, in order to avoid

compensation becoming a hindrance to the delivery of a basic service into the rural area.

8.6. Cumulative Impacts

Cumulative impacts refer to the contribution of environmental change resulting directly from the

project, over and above the impacts already in existence, at the time. At this stage, the proposed

project is located along an existing linear development through the landscape, being the road. To

keep the proposed distribution and power line closely located to the road makes sense, since this

reduces impacts related to placing such a linear development across an area used for alternative

land uses, like farming. Over time access to electricity ultimately means more reliable and

accessible mobile telephone coverage, which ultimately improves the chances of rural residents to

link into information and markets beyond the local market.

The cumulative and further indirect impacts resulting from the propose project are typically linked

to stimulating rural economies, in providing access to basic services and the internet, thus

broadening the scope for learning and business. This drive to transform the society of Uganda into

a modern society, requires that access to electricity by the broader population of Uganda, be

achieved, by 2040.

The Project Area is best described as an agro-ecosystem landscape, providing many Ugandans with

maize and thus, being a food basket for Uganda. The opportunity to farm on a small-scale and live a

rural subsistence life, relying on the land for food and shelter, is practised by the rural population in

the Project Area. Providing electricity into this rural society certainly implies change, providing

business opportunities to supply jobs and stimulate the growth and development in the agricultural

and agro-processing economic sectors. The provision of electricity into this agriculturally active

area, will most likely strengthen the agricultural sector and opportunities within it, including an

increased opportunity in the secondary processing markets, as already identified.

Economic growth will also result in higher population density and ongoing linear expansion of

trading centres along the proposed electricity distribution route and as such place an ever-

increasing strain on the surrounding ecosystems. Impact on the ecosystem services, critical for

subsistence living in this rural area in Uganda, must remain resilient to ensure sustainability.

Deforestation practiced beyond sustainable yield is an increasing pressure on remaining trees and

forests. This rural community relies entirely on biomass fuel (wood and charcoal), which will

continue to place greater pressure on remaining natural vegetation in the Project Area.

The broader impacts related to the project will be felt for many years to come and these indirectly

raise the question as to when the ecosystem in the Project Area will reach a ‘tipping point’. From

field observations, it seems the remaining ecosystems, although fragile, remain marginally resilient

and to remain intact, must be provided with opportunity to restore. Such restoration efforts often

run against other land uses, like grazing of cattle to clearing of forest and wetland areas to grow

cash crops.

The national directive is set to supply access to grid electricity to rural areas, to spark economic

opportunity at the local level, providing further competitive access for Uganda in global markets.

With such directives, the transformation of rural landscapes and culture remains a certainty, in the


effort towards transforming Uganda into a modern society with strong economic growth

opportunity, providing for prosperity.

8.7. Mitigation Measures

Mitigation measures have been identified through considering each impact, especially what can get

done about the high and medium negative impacts. The mitigation measures listed in Section 8.3

are further synthesised and finally presented as a final set of mitigation measures in the

Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) in Section 9, as detailed within the mitigation

schedule.

It is important that these mitigation measures be implemented, in order to avoid, and if not

possible, reduce detrimental impacts resulting from the proposed project. Similarly, positive

impacts can be enhanced through the implementation of mitigation measures.


9. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP)

9.1. Introduction

The Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) provides the conditions under which the

project must be implemented, upon approval from the National Environment Management

Authority (NEMA). The provisions of the ESMP must be implemented in final design stages, as well

as the construction and operational period of the project. The provisions of the ESMP, as related to

the pending approval from NEMA, would in the case of approval, be legally binding. It is thus critical

that the provisions of the ESMP be fully implemented to enhance positive impacts and avoid

significant negative environmental and social impacts.

9.2. Purpose of the ESMP

The purpose of this ESMP is to ensure ‘good environmental practice’ by taking a holistic approach

to the management of environmental and social impacts during the construction and operational

phases of the construction of the 33kV distribution lines under Lot 7 and 8. This ESMP therefore

sets out the methods by which proper environmental and social controls are to be implemented by

REA and the Contractor, based largely on the recommended mitigation measures. However, where

necessary, these methods have been expanded upon and additional issues addressed, in order to

ensure that all environmental and social aspects are appropriately considered and monitored. The

duration over which the Contractor’s controls shall be in place cover the planning, construction and

operational stages of the proposed project, as well as the defects notification period after contract

completion, as will be defined by the General Conditions of Contract and project specifications.

The aims of the ESMP are to provide:

a) commitments by the proponent, being REA to practical and achievable strategies and design standards and performance specifications in the ESMP, for the management of construction of the 33kV distribution line, to ensure that environmental and social requirements are specified and complied with;

b) an integrated plan for comprehensive monitoring and control of environmental and social impacts;

c) local government authorities, stakeholders and the proponent with a common focus for approval conditions and compliance with relevant policies and resulting conditions; and

d) community input with evidence that the environmental and social management of the project is acceptable.

It is important to note that this ESMP is focused on the design, construction and operational phases of the proposed project. Preliminary design specifications from an environmental and social point of view were taken into consideration in the assessment and compilation of the ESIA, providing input with regards to possible mitigation measures to reduce environmental and social impacts.

The provisions of this ESMP become legally-binding through an approval being granted by NEMA. The provisions of the ESMP thus provide the parameters under which the project must be implemented, to avoid significant negative impacts. In the event that any conflict occurs between the terms of this ESMP and the project specifications or Certificate of Approval once/if issued by


NEMA, the terms herein shall be subordinate.

This ESMP has been designed to suit the activities and needs of the proposed project and incorporates the following:

a) Design guidelines for the final design stage;

b) General environmental and social mitigation measures; and

c) Project specific environmental and social mitigation measures.

The ESMP therefore identifies the following:

a) Activities that will impact on the environmental aspect;

b) Activities that will impact on the social aspect;

c) Specifications with which the Contractor must comply and measure performance to protect the environmental aspect and social aspect from the identified negative impacts; and

d) Actions that can be taken in the event of non-compliance, in order to ensure mitigation measures are effectively implemented.

9.3. Adaptable Response

The Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP), once approved, remains an adaptable

document, principle-based and able to respond to environmental changes and variations in the

impact experienced. The ESMP should never be administered in a rigid manner, but in a more site-

focussed manner to deal well with all environmental and social responses required to any specific

issue experienced during further project phases. The ESMP is thus seen to be a ‘living’ document

that should change when necessary. All changes and deviations in the ESMP must however be

communicated to NEMA in writing, seeking support and/or approval for the required amendments,

prior to the implementation of such.

9.4. Roles and Responsibilities

REA’s Role

REA, as the proponent of the project, is responsible for the effective implementation of the project,

in compliance with all approvals. REA must ensure compliance with the approval from NEMA,

should it be granted. REA is the project proponent and shall therefore be the entity responsible for

monitoring the implementation of the ESMP and compliance with the NEMA Certificate of

Approval. However, REA will appoint a construction Contractor, who will be responsible for

implementing the proposed construction of the 33kV power line project and hence implement the

proposed mitigation measures documented in this ESMP. REA should also appoint an

Environmental Supervising Consultant to monitor and report on compliance with ESMP, as has

been elaborated upon below.

REA’s Environmental Specialist

For the purposes of implementing the conditions contained herein, the REA Environmental

Specialist shall be the responsible person for ensuring that the provisions of this ESMP, as well as

the Certificate of Approval once/if issued by NEMA, are complied with during the planning,

construction and operation of the power distribution project. The REA Environmental Specialist

and/ or appointed E&S Supervising Consultant/s will be responsible for issuing instructions to the


Contractor where environmental and social considerations call for action. The REA Environmental

Specialist and/or appointed E&S Supervising Consultant/s shall submit regular written reports to

REA, but not less frequently than on a monthly basis.

The REA Environmental Specialist and/or appointed E&S Supervising Consultant/s will be

responsible for the monitoring, reviewing and verifying of compliance with the ESMP and

conditions of the Certificate of Approval by the Contractor. His / Her duties in this regard will

include, inter alia, the following:

a) Confirming that the Certificate of Approval and all permits required in terms of the applicable

legislation have been obtained prior to the activity commencing;

b) Monitoring and verifying that the ESMP and Conditions of Authorisation in the Certificate of

Approval are adhered to at all times and taking action if environmental and social specifications

are not followed, issuing fines if and when necessary;

c) Monitoring and verifying that environmental and social impacts are prevented or kept to a

minimum;

d) Reviewing and approving method statements, to ensure that the environmental and social

specifications contained within this ESMP and Certificate of Approval are adhered to;

e) Inspecting the site and surrounding areas on a regular basis with regards to compliance with

the ESMP and Certificate of Approval;

f) Monitoring the undertaking by the Contractor of environmental and social awareness training

for all new personnel on site during construction and for maintenance activities during

operation;

g) Ensuring that activities on site comply with all relevant environmental and social legislation;

h) Ordering the removal of, person(s) and/or equipment not complying with the specifications of

the ESMP and/or Certificate of Approval;

i) Undertaking a continual internal review of the ESMP and submitting any changes to REA and/or

NEMA and the concerned Lead Agencies (in case of major changes) for review and approval;

j) Checking the register of complaints maintained and ensuring that the correct actions are/were

taken in response to these complaints;

k) Liaise on a monthly basis with the relevant Local Grievance Redress Committees, and higher-

level Grievance Redress Committees, as necessary;

l) Checking that the required actions are/were undertaken to mitigate the impacts resulting from

non-compliance;

m) Reporting all incidences of non-compliance to the management of REA;

n) Conducting monthly environmental and social performance audits in respect of the activities

undertaken relating to the project;

o) Keeping a photographic record of progress on site during construction from an environmental

and social perspective;

p) Recommending additional environmental and social protection measures, shall these be

necessary; and

q) Providing report back on any environmental and social issues at site meetings.

The REA Environmental Specialist and/or appointed E&S Supervising Consultant/s must have:

i) A good working knowledge of all relevant environmental and social policies, legislation,

guidelines and standards both locally in Uganda or internationally;


ii) The ability to conduct inspections and audits and to produce thorough, readable and

informative reports;

iii) The ability to manage public communication and complaints;

iv) The ability to think holistically about the structure, functioning and performance of

environmental systems; and

v) Proven competence in the application of the following integrated environmental management

tools (including, Environmental and Social Impact Assessment, Environmental and Social

Management Plans/Programmes, Environmental and Social Auditing, mitigation optimisation of

impacts, Monitoring and Evaluation of Impacts and Environmental and Social Management

Systems).

The REA Environmental Specialist and/or appointed E&S Supervising Consultant/s must be fully

conversant with the ESMP and Certificate of Approval (once considered and issued) for the

proposed construction of the distribution line and ensure compliance with all relevant national

environmental legislation and international good practices.

Contractor’s Role

The Contractor is responsible for constructing the distribution lines, within the conditions of the

ESMP and is liable to pay fines for transgressions and non-compliance with the provisions of the

ESMP. Typically, Contractors have in the past shown poor E&S performance; this is changing the

recent publication by the International Finance Corporation (IFC): Good Practice Note - Managing

Contractor’s Environmental and Social Performance, October 201722 on how Contractors can

improve E&S performance, is a valuable document that Contractors need to consider at the

construction bidding stage.

The construction Contractor must, in line with this ESMP, prepare a document clearly outlining and demonstrating the environmental and social responsibilities, accountability and liability. The Contractor shall assign responsibilities for the following:

a) Documenting the required environmental and social policy and strategy;

b) Respond to all environmental and social aspects which require action, under the core elements and sub-elements of the ESMP through compiling E&S Action Plans;

c) Overall design, development and implementation of the Method Statements;

d) Reporting structures;

e) Actions to be taken to ensure compliance; and

f) Implementing the ESMP in all stages/phases of the power distribution project.

All official communication and reporting lines including instructions, directives and information shall

be channelled according to the organisational structure developed by the Contractor and approved

by the REA Environmental Specialist and/or E&S Supervising Consultant/s. The Contractor will

provide for personnel to deal with stakeholder liaison and grievance procedures.






The Contractor shall further:

a) Be responsible for the finalisation of Action Plans and Method Statements under the ESMP, prior to project commencement where necessary, which through being implemented will achieve the environmental and social specifications contained within the ESMP and the relevant requirements contained in the Certificate of Approval, once/if issued by NEMA;

b) Be responsible for the overall implementation of the ESMP in accordance with the requirements of REA and the Certificate of Approval, once/if issued by NEMA;

c) Ensure that all third parties who carry out all or part of the Contractor’s obligations under the Contract, comply with the requirements of this ESMP; and

d) Work closely with the REA E&S Specialist and/or the E&S Supervising Consultant/s.

Role of REA Environmental Officer and External E&S Supervising Consultant

REA, as the proponent of the project, is responsible for putting in place an Environmental Officer

(EO), with the option to appoint an external Environmental & Social (E&S) Supervising Consultant/s,

to provide the required support for the duration of at least the construction phase of the project.

The EO must monitor and report on compliance with the project approvals and the provisions of

the ESMP. In the case of an external E&S Supervising Consultant/s being appointed, such can act as

an independent assessor, auditor and authority on issues of compliance on the Project Site, as

required by REA and reporting directly to REA and NEMA, as well as other key stakeholders.

The EO has the right to issue a stop order on work and/or non-compliance fines, if non-compliance

on the part of the Contractor is resulting in significantly detrimental environmental and social

impacts.

The intervals at which E&S audits shall be undertaken shall be agreed upon by REA, the Contractor, E&S Supervising Consultant/s and NEMA. It is suggested that at least quarterly audits, and more regular monthly site monitoring, if necessary, be conducted and reported, with annual audits, and final audit upon completion of the construction phase. An E&S audit programme should be put in place for the project, to manage the audits and make sure compliance monitoring remains on track. The environmental audit programme shall at least include the following:

a) A comprehensive quarterly and annual E&S audit will be undertaken, as well as a final completion audit at the completion of the construction phase to verify compliance with the ESMP, Certificate of Approval and all applicable environmental legislation. An audit report shall contain recommendations on E&S management activities which are required to be implemented within the subsequent phase. The auditor shall report concurrently to the Contractor, REA and NEMA;

b) Periodic environmental audits to be undertaken during the operations phase to verify on-going satisfactory environmental management performance. These audits must be followed up with appropriate remedial and corrective actions as shall the audit findings demonstrate any non-conformance or non-compliance with the specifications of the ESMP; and

c) Compile and agree on (together with REA) a template for the audit report, prior to the commencement of the project.

NEMA’s Role


NEMA is responsible for the consideration of the application, to either approve or deny the project.

If the project is approved, then NEMA is responsible for issuing a Certificate of Approval, as well as

monitoring compliance with the conditions of approval.

District Local Government

District Local Governments and their respective local government structures in the four Districts

(Kamwenge, Mubende, Kibaale and Kagadi) that are traversed by the proposed project will be vital

in the implementation of the project by mobilising political goodwill and sensitising communities on

the project. In addition, the District Environment Officers (DEOs) and Community Development

Officers (CDOs) at District and Sub-County level will be responsible for reviewing and monitoring

the implementation of the environmental and social aspects of the project in their area of

jurisdiction. The District Engineers (DEs), DEOs and CDOs in the respective areas of project

implementation will monitor the project to ensure that mitigation measures are adequate and are

well integrated in the overall project implementation framework. The DEs, DEOs and CDOs can also

review this report and provide comments to NEMA, prior to final decision by NEMA. The role of the

DEOs and CDOs will also be to ensure that the proposed project is implemented in accordance with

NEMA conditions of approval. They will also attend the site inspection and project meetings and be

able to point out issues of concern. Specifically, the CDOs will oversee implementation of

compensation aspects wherever these may arise and other social issues such as complaints.

Local Communities

The local communities play an important role in the final design and construction phases. During

the ground-truthing of the final designs, Project Affected Persons (PAPs) can give further input into

the specific placement of poles and the proposed route, where it affects them directly. Woodlots

and crops that are damaged and/or lost due to the project must be dealt with in the RAP. Local

communities also have an important role to play in compliance monitoring, to make sure to report

any non-compliance issues or concerns to the Local Grievance Redress Committee, CDO, DEO, E&S

Supervising Consultant, REA, NEMA and/or the World Bank.

Department of Occupational Safety and Health

The Department of Occupational Safety and Health in the Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social

Development is mandated to, among others; identifying and recommending remedial measures

of Work place hazards (dangerous machinery, plants, equipment, and work practices);

certifying statutory equipment (pressure vessels, lifting machinery and equipment); projects’

Environment and Social Impact Assessment reviewing for Safety and Health Standard compliancy;

and, investigation of accidents, occupational diseases and dangerous occurrences at workplaces.

The DOSH will therefore be a key stakeholder in the implementation of the proposed project,

specifically to ensure that the proposed mitigation measures are adequate and will be

implemented in full compliance with established national and international Occupational health

and Safety standards.

National Forestry Authority

The National Forestry Authority (NFA) is mandated to manage the 506 Central Forestry Reserves

(CFRs) in the country on behalf of the Central Government. NFA is represented at District levels by

regional NFA offices and Forest Rangers, who are responsible for forest management activities at

the local level. The NFA is therefore a key stakeholder and has critical role to play in any

development projects that have the potential to impact on the integrity of forest ecosystems within


the jurisdiction of the NFA. However, and as indicated previously in this document, the proposed

project will not traverse any CFRs in the four Districts. In this regard, the role of NFA and especially

the Forest Rangers in inspecting the potential impacts of the project will be limited to ensuring that

the clearing of woodlots to pave way for the erection of poles for the distribution lines is restricted

to road reserves.

Uganda Wildlife Authority

Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA) is a semi-autonomous government agency that conserves and

manages Uganda’s wildlife for the people of Uganda and the whole world. UWA is mandated to

ensure sustainable management of wildlife resources and supervise wildlife activities in Uganda

both within and outside the protected areas. UWA therefore is a key stakeholder in development

projects that could impact on protected wildlife resources. It plays a key role to ensure that

development activities are carried out with minimum impact to preserve the integrity of protected

areas including sensitive ecosystems, breeding areas, animal corridors among other

environmentally and socio-economically vulnerable places. As indicated in previous sections of this

document, the proposed project will not traverse any wildlife protected areas and, in addition, no

wildlife species among global, regional or national threatened wildlife, endangered endemics, was

identified in the Project Area during the field study. In this regard, the role of UWA will be relatively

limited in the overall implementation of the proposed mitigation measures.

Uganda National Roads Authority

The mandate of Uganda National Roads Authority (UNRA) is to develop and maintain the national

roads network, advise Government on general roads policy and contribute to addressing of

transport concerns, among others. Some of UNRA responsibilities include: management of the

National Roads network; maintenance and development of the national roads network; and

establishing and maintaining road reserves among others. UNRA is therefore a key stakeholder

under the ERT III because the distribution lines components largely fall under road reserves. As

indicated in previous sections of this document, the proposed project will not traverse any national

roads under the jurisdiction of UNRA. However, UNRA will still have a responsibility to liaise with

the District Engineers in the respective Districts to provide guidance on the various considerations

required to implement projects, especially distribution lines within the road reserves in District and

community access roads.

Electricity Distribution Company

The role of the electricity distribution company (UEDCL or similar) is to work with REA to come to

agreement regarding the ongoing compliance with the ESMP during the operation and

maintenance phase of the project.

Other Key Stakeholders

Other key stakeholders relevant for the monitoring of health, welfare and education all play an

important role of keeping watch on the project, to all contribute in meaningful ways to the

monitoring of the impacts, as well as engaging fully with key issues, to better manage undesirable

consequences resulting from infrastructure projects through rural Uganda.


9.5. Physical Cultural Resource (PCR) Chance Finds Procedure

In the case of a Physical Cultural Resource (PCR) chance find, the following procedures shall be

followed:

1. Stop the construction activities around the chance find;

2. Delineate the discovered site or area;

3. Secure the site to prevent any damage or loss of removable objects. In cases of removable

antiquities or sensitive remains, a night guard shall be present, until the responsible local

authorities and the Directorate of Museums and Monuments take over;

4. Notify the supervisory Project Engineer and REA, who in turn will notify the responsible local

authorities and the Directorate of Museums and Monuments, under the Ministry of Tourism,

Wildlife and Antiquities (within 24 hours or less);

5. The Directorate of Museums and Monuments would oversee protecting and preserving the site

before deciding on subsequent appropriate procedures. This would require a preliminary

evaluation of the findings to be performed by the archaeologists of the Directorate of Museums

and Monuments (within 24 hours). The significance and importance of the findings should be

assessed according to the various criteria relevant to cultural heritage; these include the

aesthetic, historic, scientific or research, social and economic values;

6. Decisions on how to handle the finding shall be taken by the Directorate of Museums and

Monuments. This could include changes in the layout (such as when finding an irremovable

remain of cultural or archaeological importance) conservation, preservation, restoration and

salvage;

7. Implementation for the authority decision concerning the management of the finding shall be

communicated in writing by the Directorate of Museums and Monuments;

8. These procedures must be referred to as standard provisions in construction contracts, when

applicable. During project supervision, the Project Engineer shall monitor the above regulations

relating to the treatment of any chance find encountered are observed;

9. Construction work will resume only after authorisation is given by the responsible local

authorities and the National Museum concerning the safeguard of the heritage; and

10. Relevant findings will be recorded in World Bank Implementation Supervision Reports and

Implementation Completion Reports will assess the overall effectiveness of the project’s

cultural property mitigation, management, and activities, as appropriate.


9.6. Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM)

The Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) for ERTIII is detailed below. Local Grievance Redress

Committees (LGRC) will be initiated at the village and Sub-County levels to record grievances and

also help in mediation. This committee will comprise the LC I Chairperson, a trusted village elder, a

religious representative, an elected PAP representative and specific vulnerable group

representatives of relevance to the village i.e. women and the disabled. Disputes will be resolved at

the village level, as far as possible. The Grievance Redress Committees (GRC) at the Sub-County

level will comprise the LC III Chairperson, Sub-County Chief, a representative of vulnerable groups

(women, etc.) and the Councillor of the Parish. At the District level, the Grievance Redress

Committee (GRC) will be established to deal with any grievances unsettled at the village level.

The Grievance Redress Committee at the District will at a minimum comprise the LC3

representative, representatives of vulnerable groups, District Land Officer/Surveyor, District

Community Development Officer and a Grievance Officer from the Implementing Agency, who will

oversee and coordinate grievance issues at the village level, including setting up of LGRCs.

Furthermore, the Grievance Officer will ensure provision of Grievance Logbooks and related

logistics, training and orientation of LGRCs, and provide advice on grievance resolution, as well as

compiling records of all ERT III grievances raised and their mediation for the whole District. The

grievance mechanism for the implementation process is as follows:

a) The LGRC will interrogate the PAP in the local language and complete a Grievance Form,

which will be signed by the leader of the LGRC and the PAP/complainant. This will then be

lodged in the Grievance Log/Register provided by the Grievance Officer;

b) The PAP should expect a response from the LGRC within seven days of filing the complaint.

If the issue is not resolved, the LGRC will forward the complaint to the GRC at the Sub-

County;

c) The GRC at the Sub-County will be given a fourteen (14) day notice to hold a meeting. Two

(2) days after the meeting, the Sub-County GRC will call the PAP and LGRC for discussions

and resolution. The resolution will be presented to the PAP in written form, within the same

day of the meeting. If there is no resolution to the grievance, the GRC at the Sub-County

and the PAP shall then refer the matter to the GRC at the District;

d) The GRC at the District will be given a fourteen (14) day notice to hold a meeting. Two (2)

days after the meeting, the GRC will call the PAP and LGRC for discussions and resolution.

The resolution will be presented to the PAP in written form, within the same day of the

meeting; and

e) If there is no resolution to the grievance, the GRC at the District and the PAP shall then

refer the matter to the District Land Tribunal, for land-related issues and to REA

/Implementing Agency Head Office, for all other grievances;

Appeal to Court - The Ugandan laws allow any aggrieved person the right to access to Court of Law.

If the complainant still remains dissatisfied with the District Land Tribunal or PCU,

REA/Implementing Agency Top Management in Kampala, the complainant has the option to pursue


appropriate recourse via judicial process in Uganda. Courts of law will be a ‘last resort’ option, in

view of the above mechanism.

9.7. Implementing the ESMP

The Environment and Social Management Plan (ESMP) must be implemented on condition of

approval, with full compliance, to enhance positive impacts and avoid significant negative impacts.

The mitigation measures and estimated implementation costs are detailed in Table 9-1. Monitoring

and reporting on actions taken is required on a regular basis.

The mechanism of how to monitor, audit, report and action interventions, is detailed in Section 9.8.

The costing for the implementation of the ESMP remains indicative, depends on how the project is

implemented and will need to be further accurately estimated once the project is divided into

implementable sections, or upon appointment of the construction Contractor, as applicable.

The 1st step in implementing the ESMP is for the REA Environmental Officer (EO) to drive

environmental and social, monitoring, compliance auditing and intervention. The appointment of

an external and independent Environmental and Social (E&S) Supervising Consultant/s can assist in

fulfilling this role.


Table 9-1 Environmental and Social Management Plan: Mitigation and Costing Schedule

No. Environmental/

Social Impact

Activity

Project Phase Impact

Location

Mitigation Measures Responsible

Party

Costing Notes Annual Cost23

(USD)

General Provisions

1. All impacts All activities in Project Site

All phases Entire route

a) Achieve full compliance with the World Bank EHS Construction Guidelines, upon which this ESMP is based, through regularly monitoring and address on-site situations and through applying the relevant mitigation measures.

b) The Environmental Officer can issue penalties, in consultation with relevant authorities, for incidents of non-compliance, and always in liaison with NEMA.

REA REA Environmental Specialist in place. Dedicate the EO for the project.

-


Construction Entire route

a) Sensitise all Contractors, including foremen, supervisors and labourers in the requirement for and full implementation of the ESMP.

b) Employ an adequately qualified and experienced Environmental Officer to assist with specific route and pole location of the infrastructure, prior to the construction of such, as well as regular independent monitoring throughout the construction and rehabilitation stages of the project.

c) Put in place simple Construction Method Statements for activities in sensitive areas, like wetland areas, forest reserves, areas with natural vegetation and densely populated areas.

Contractor Construction period for Lot 7 and Lot 8 is estimated at 24 months.

1 x E&S Supervising Consultant x 10 months (over 24-month period) x USD1,500/month

15,000


3. Faunal biodiversity (wild animals)

Avian species colliding with electricity lines

Design, construction, operation & maintenance

Entire route


REA REA to scope and cost final design phase.

-


b) No wild animals to be caught, killed or harmed during construction, in compliance with the provisions regarding prohibitions against acts affecting protected species, including outside protected areas and according to the Uganda Wildlife Act, 2000.

Contractor No direct cost. -

4. Floral biodiversity

&

Ecosystem habitats

Clear native vegetation in RoW, material storage areas and construction yards.

Design Entire route

a) Locate the route design within the road reserve, avoiding trees and dense vegetation, as far as is possible, and only deviate from it if necessary. Attention is focussed on that if one side of the road has remnant forest or old/mature/large trees, while the other side does not and is clear, then relocate the route on the clearest side of the road. Such final line routings must be considered carefully during final design and include the consideration of minimising the removal of both natural vegetation and private woodlots.

b) The proposed distribution line plan should avoid destruction of old/mature trees and associated organisms, where these may occur along the Project Site. For example, and to the extent possible, the routing should deviate from trees with diameter at breast height size of 0.2m or above, in view of the significant value of such trees in the context of regeneration of species and continuity of life required to restore and strengthen ecosystem resilience.

c) Final pole positions must be checked on the site, to ensure that all environmental and social

REA REA to scope and cost in final design phase.

-

23 Indicative costing provides an indication of scale and costs will ultimately be more accurately determined according to the availability of funding and support from other ministerial agencies, at the stage of rolling the project out on the ground.


No. Environmental/

Social Impact

Activity


Location


Party


(USD)

features within the final route are protected. Remnant natural forests and other ecologically sensitive areas should be avoided, at all cost. Where it is not possible to avoid such forests, the routing of the distribution lines should be done in consultation with the respective authorities, local governments and residents, to plan around creating unnecessary damage to the remaining natural forests, plants, wetlands, crop lands, woodlots, private buildings and farm infrastructure, like hedgerows, avenues of trees/shrubs, walls and fences.

d) Place the distribution lines above existing vegetation to avoid land clearing, where possible and where the underlying crops and/or vegetation remains low, retain this vegetation as far as is possible; it is costly to replace after the line is in place.

e) Care should be taken that the proposed line routes must avoid, as far as possible, natural vegetation and private woodlots, and to the extent possible, no access roads for construction or maintenance of the line should be developed to traverse areas hosting natural vegetation.


f) Avoid clearing natural trees, forests and vegetation at all costs, as these species are under pressure in the Project Area.

g) The distribution line must be strung, without having to clear low lying vegetation occurring within the RoW. Such vegetation could include crops and/or all remaining natural vegetation, and such must not be cleared for the stringing of the lines, during the construction phase. The final design thus requires careful planning.

h) The proposed distribution line plan should avoid destruction of old/mature trees and associated organisms, where these may occur along the Project Site. For example, and to the extent possible, the routing should deviate from trees with diameter at breast height size of 0.2m or above, in view of the significant value of such trees in the context of regeneration of species and continuity of life required to restore and strengthen ecosystem resilience.

i) When placing the final pole positions, ensure poles are carefully placed and well away from trees and/or remnant forest, as well as wetland areas, where possible, especially avoiding old/mature/large trees or forest, as far as is possible. This will ensure that the number of trees removed are utterly reduced or reduced to trimming of trees only.

j) Limit clearing to a maximum of 5m wide to each side of the line where necessary, as the RoW and using a wider area only where necessary. Only vegetation 2.5m and taller needs to be cleared form the RoW, also only when necessary.

k) Locate material storage areas and construction yards in existing cleared areas in main towns like Mubende, Kibaale and Bwizi, for instance, and away from any wetland areas.

l) Regular maintenance of cleared areas to prevent the spread of exotic weed species.

Contractor Guidelines are provided here to reduce the negative impacts on natural vegetation, providing specification for the construction phase. A lump sum allowance of USD10,000 is made for restoration efforts.

10,000

Clear wetland vegetation through earthworks.

Design Wetland areas

m) Avoid routing the line across deep wetlands. Design support structures for longer spans, to avoid/reduce the number of poles that need to be located in sensitive wetland areas.

n) Design to place the distribution lines well above existing wetland vegetation, as far as is possible, to avoid vegetation clearing in wetland and riparian areas.

REA Covered in the final design costs.

-

Construction Wetland areas

o) Seek clearance/obtain wetland user permit from NEMA. p) Limit the area to be cleared to place poles to below 2 to 3m2 per pole. q) Avoid entering a wetland area with any construction machinery. Work in wetland areas can be

conducted by hand.

REA & Contractor

Monitoring and reporting covered by the allowance for the E&S Supervising

-


No. Environmental/

Social Impact

Activity


Location


Party


(USD)

r) Carefully clean construction equipment after working in areas infested by water hyacinth or other known invasive and exotic species.

Consultant.

Unintended wild fires

Construction, operation & maintenance

Entire route, especially densely vegetated areas

s) Avoid making open fires, especially during dry climatic conditions and when dry grass and other dry vegetation close by could start a wild fire.

t) Provide firefighting equipment, during construction and adequately train personnel in firefighting skills.

u) Properly clear vegetation around poles and close to electricity lines, to avoid safety and fire risks and damage being done to infrastructure, should a fire be burning.

Contractor Allowance is made for the purchase of firefighting equipment.

10,000

5. Sustainable use of soil

Pollution incidents within Project Site

Construction and operation

Pole and transformer sites, construction yard

a) Avoid the contamination and pollution of soils with hazardous materials like fuels and oils, through the proper handling of construction materials and ensuring effective waste management (refer to management of impacts on the ‘6. Water cycle’ and ’23. Construction waste’).

Contractor Included into waste management allowance.

-

6. Water cycle Pollution incidents within Project Site


a) Polluting compounds to water (including underground water) like oils, fuels, paints and herbicides all form part of the materials typically used on such projects and require special management to avoid any spillage of any magnitude and causing pollution of the environment.

Contractor Monitoring and reporting covered by the allowance for the E&S Supervising Consultant.

-

7. Fragile ecosystems

Construction activities near wetlands


Wetland areas

a) Place the distribution lines above existing vegetation to avoid clearing wetland and riparian vegetation, as possible and where the underlying vegetation remains low, retain this vegetation during the stringing of lines.

b) Care should be taken that the proposed line routes must avoid impacting wetlands and no access roads for construction or maintenance of the line should be developed to traverse wetland areas or areas hosting natural vegetation.

c) Remove invasive plant species during construction within RoW.

REA No direct cost. 5,000


Wetland areas

d) Place the distribution lines above existing vegetation to avoid clearing wetland and riparian vegetation, as possible and where the underlying vegetation remains low, retain this vegetation during the stringing of lines.

e) Care should be taken that the proposed line routes must avoid impacting wetlands and no access roads for construction or maintenance of the line should be developed to traverse wetland areas or areas hosting natural vegetation.

f) Remove invasive plant species during routine maintenance of RoW.

Contractor No direct cost. 5,000


8. Employment Employing local labour



b) To minimise the negative social behaviour, it is recommended that, where necessary and feasible, local labour force from within the immediate communities be recruited to minimize housing pressures as well as, social conflicts in the Project Area. For purposes of recruiting the local labour force, the Contractor should work closely with local council leadership to identify suitable persons for employment. In addition, the Contractor needs to liaise with the

Contractor ESMP Awareness Training for all site personnel.

50 people x USD100/person

5,000


No. Environmental/

Social Impact

Activity


Location


Party


(USD)

Kamwenge, Kagadi, Kibaale and Mubende Districts Labour Officers on matters of local labour recruitment arrangements.

9. Social cohesion or disruption

&

Influx of people

External construction crews



b) The Contractor needs to sensitise workers in cultural values and norms of the area and the identified sensitivities.




f) A comprehensive HIV/AIDS Awareness and Management Plan must be implemented throughout and for the duration of the construction phase, with post-completion monitoring and reporting to REA and NEMA, collaborating with NGOs and CBOs, as possible.

Contractor Stakeholder liaison costs are allowed for, for Contractor personnel to spend time dealing with local stakeholders and authorities.

USD500/month for liaison officer

12,000

10. Human health Interactions with residents



b) A comprehensive HIV/AIDS Awareness and Management Plan must be implemented throughout and for the duration of the construction phase, with post-completion monitoring and reporting to REA and NEMA, collaborating with NGOs and CBOs, as possible.

c) Sensitisation of communities to be conducted and include electromagnetic fields, accidental electrocution, exposure to hazardous waste materials like fuels, oils and timber offcuts with creosote and/or CCA, safe levels of exposure and related impacts, to avoid speculation.

Contractor HIV/AIDS Awareness Programme is allowed for during the construction period for all construction workers.


5,000

11. Communication and transportation

Road closure

Construction Working Area

a) The Contractor must announce their intended arrivals in areas to local leadership and residents, prior to arriving to work in new areas along the proposed route.




Contractor Traffic control and signage is already covered under the contract.

-

12. Local economy

&

Power interruption

Operation Entire route

a) UEDCL/similar regularly maintain the power line to keep the power supply reliable.

Electricity distributor

Forms part of responsibilities of electricity distributor.

-


No. Environmental/

Social Impact

Activity


Location


Party


(USD)

Basic services Power supply

Design Entire route

b) Consider the inclusion of further closely lying trading centres and social services that can benefit from the further supply of electricity.

REA Forms part of responsibilities of electricity distributor.

-

13. Cultural heritage

Construction crews


a) REA must ensure that the necessary social safeguards are put in place and effectively managed, to avoid unnecessary and negative social impacts resulting from the promise of this project, as identified during stakeholder consultation.

b) Contractors must ensure that their supervisors, employees and all sub-contractor personnel, adhere to the strict social interaction guidelines, to avoid unnecessary harm on vulnerable groups, such as children and women. Construction teams are not to have direct contact with women or children and such should be observed by all stakeholders of the project.

c) Appropriate fines may be issued by the Environmental Officer, directed towards the Contractor, in cases of non-compliance towards the provisions of the ESMP. This will ensure the effective implementation of the project, alongside the guidelines for sustainability and constructive rural transformation.

Contractor Included under E&S Supervising Consultant scope, as well as ESMP Awareness Training, as costed.

-

14. Cultural objects (PCRs)

All project activities


Entire route



Contractor No cost allowance is made, and the probability is low.

-

15. Gender impacts All project activities


Entire route

a) Conducting appropriate sensitisation on gender issues at all levels within the Project Area and creation of awareness on the responsibility of all concerned during the various phases of the project to address specific gender concerns. This should entail consultation with both women and men in the Project Area and within the construction teams.

b) REA and the Contractor should ensure that:

effective gender responsive and equality activities under the proposed project are duly defined and implemented through participatory engagement;

the quantifiable and none quantifiable, gender and social mitigation measures related to direct and indirect impacts are achieved; and

a social specialist is deployed on the project to oversee among others, gender mainstreaming in the project cycle, is implemented.

c) HIV/AIDS awareness campaigns must be regularly conducted for workers and local communities, as well as activities promoting access to health services, treatment and counselling.

Contractor, Electricity distributor

Gender Awareness Monitoring Programme amongst site personnel and PAPs.


10,000

16. Vulnerable groups



Entire route

a) A Child Protection Plan will be developed and provided to all the Contractors and school management to discourage the Contractors from using children as labourers. In addition, Contractors will be required to avoid employing workers who are below eighteen years old. They will also be required to keep records that show the ages of their workers.


c) The Contractor should ensure that mechanisms for close monitoring of worker’s behaviour/conduct are in place e.g. Contractor could discreetly engage the police to identify


Forms part of the role of the Stakeholder Liaison personnel from the Contractor, as costed.

-


No. Environmental/

Social Impact

Activity


Location


Party


(USD)

anonymous informers from among the workers to monitor and report any negative behaviour by the workers including child abuse related misconduct, display a call line or suggestion box where the community can provide feedback on workers behaviour.





h) REA and the Contractor should ensure strict compliance with the provision of relevant safeguard policies with respect to persons with disabilities. REA and the Contractor should ensure that there is full and effective participation of persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups, like children and through representative organisations, in all phases of the project, including monitoring and evaluation.

17. Displaced persons


Operation Refugee settlements

a) Relates specifically to the support provided to refugee settlements, as included in all provisions. District Governmen

t

No allowance is made as these benefits are inherent to having access to grid electricity.

-

18. Education All project activities


Schools a) All schools must be contacted during the final round of design, to check on access and availability of electricity.



REA, Contractor

Forms part of ESMP Awareness Training and the role of Stakeholder Liaison.

-

19. Human safety All project activities


Entire route


The Contractor should have on site an Occupational Safety and Health Policy and Action

Plan addressing workers and PAPs on occupational safety and health issues, workplace

conditions, welfare, accidental electrocution, hazardous waste management, general

safety requirements, fire preparedness, machinery, plant and equipment, etc. in line with

the Occupational Safety and Health Act, 2006;


Health, safety and human safety training.


5,000


No. Environmental/

Social Impact

Activity


Location


Party


(USD)

The Contractor should conduct HSE sensitization with PAPs directly affected by the

project;

The Contractor should have HSE induction for all workers, and undertake daily tool box

meetings prior to works; and

Workers should regularly be taken through safety drills and emergency preparedness training allowing for quick and efficient responses to accidents that could result in human injury or damage to the environment.

b) The Contractor should involve local leaders in labour recruitment to ensure that people hired have no criminal record, to avoid hiring less desirable employees.

c) The local content provision should be emphasised to minimise labour requirements needed from outside the community, as these are locally associated with safety concerns.


20. Visual impacts & surrounding area

Route planning

Design Entire route

a) Due consideration must be taken during the final design stage, to plan and place the final route alignment and pole position, with due consideration and resulting in minimal disturbance to the sensitive rural landscape and setting. Where skyline intrusion can be avoided, it should and where large trees remain unaffected, they should remain so.

REA, Contractor

No direct cost. -


21. Current land use and potential

&

Surrounding land use and potential

All activities



b) Where private land is used REA should engage property owners and settle any compensation obligation before construction starts.

c) Communicating to the PAPs early enough on the schedules of the project so that, they can make appropriate adjustments in scheduling removal of crops and other structure from the way leave or RoW.

d) REA should support District Local Governments to establish woodlots, which could serve as offsets in areas which will be cleared of trees to erect the distribution lines.

REA, Contractor

This cost will be included into the next phase of the project and the RAP scope of work.

-

22. Possibility of multiple land use

All activities


a) Existing low-level crops be disturbed as little as possible, and where such is unavoidable, fair compensation be addressed within a RAP study for the project.



REA, Electricity distributor

Compensation for loss of woodlots and crops will be calculated in the RAP. Restoration costs have already been estimated and included.

-

Other Considerations

23. Construction waste

Construction activities


a) The Contractors must have on-site waste storage facilities within their construction facilities, including provision to contain and temporarily store hazardous waste.

b) The Contractor must ensure that a NEMA licensed hazardous waste handler collects and disposes of hazardous waste appropriately and to the satisfaction of the local government authorities.

c) REA should therefore ensure that construction workers clean up the Project Site and remove

REA, Contractor

Waste management awareness training, included in ESMP Awareness Training, as well as waste management (including

10,000


No. Environmental/

Social Impact

Activity


Location


Party


(USD)

all debris left over from their work. d) REA Contractors need to put in place waste disposal arrangements with the relevant

authorities, including District Local Government to ensure strict compliance regarding waste management and waste disposal, especially in the case of hazardous waste.

e) Contractors must not construct storage facilities and maintenance yards in the vicinity of sensitive environments, such as wetlands, to prevent run-off and pollution of these environments. These sites must be located in existing towns in the area, like Mubende, Kibaale and Bwizi, which are centrally located.

f) REA should ensure that the source material and backfill from external environments are, at a minimum, 100% free of invasive species (seeds for example), which could impact the integrity and ecological balance of ecosystems beyond the immediate Project Site.

hazardous waste) collection, storage and disposal costs

24. Emissions Construction activities


a) Any equipment containing SF6 (green-house gas) should be installed and monitored, with due consideration given to disposal of such waste.

Contractor No additional cost allowances.

-

25. Alien Invasive Species



Entire route

d) REA and the Contractors should ensure that the restoration of the disturbed areas using only native plant species is carried out. REA should ensure that the Contractor engages the services of relevant experts with knowledge and experience in species identification and the eradication of exotic species.

e) Further, there should be regular and proper maintenance of road reserves to minimise the likelihood of the spread of invasive species that are particularly aggressive, such as Lantana camara, already evident on the site.

f) REA should consider how best to put in place an effective 5-year Alien Vegetation Eradication Plan, to best manage the further spread of exotic species in the wayleave or RoW, extending into these rural agro-ecosystems.

REA The eradication of exotic weed species can be costly and is directly affected by various factors, including species and threat status, location, scale of invasion and the method of eradication. A lump sum allowance is made to deal with AIS eradication at pole positions.

20,000

TOTAL 112,000


9.8. Environmental and Social Monitoring Mechanism

The environmental and social (E&S) monitoring mechanism presented, allows stakeholders to be

held accountable for their role in ensuring the effective implementation of the identified mitigation

measures.

The purpose of identifying indicators, is to monitor and prioritise actions, in response to any specific

and concerning incidents that are identified and/or reported on the site. These indicators provide a

reference against which targets can be monitored, to assess project E&S performance.

It is recommended that monthly monitoring and at least quarterly auditing and reporting against

the targets occur, with the necessary actions being taken to rectify any non-compliance issues,

using non-compliance fines and stop work orders, if necessary. More frequent monitoring of

compliance with the ESMP can be implemented to ensure that the potential negative impacts of

the project do not cause detrimental environmental and social impacts.

Monthly monitoring and quarterly audit reports, must specify the actions required to address issues

of non-compliance, or where improvements can be made on the site. Such reporting should be

directed towards REA, NEMA and the World Bank, as well as the related Contractor. Clear Action

Plans issued by the Contractor allows for the measurement of progress made. The E&S Monitoring

Framework in Table 9-2 provides a framework for the development of Action Plans by the

Contractor.

Such a E&S monitoring mechanism is best driven by an individual/entity tasked fully with the

responsibility of monitoring and reporting on ESMP compliance, during especially the construction

phase of the project.


Table 9-2 Monitoring Framework for the ESMP

No. Environmental/

Social Impact

Activity Project Phase Impact

Location


Party

Monitoring Indicator Monitoring Period &

Frequency

Target

General Provisions



a) Achieve full compliance with the World Bank EHS Construction Guidelines, upon which this ESMP is based, through regularly monitoring and address on-site situations and through applying the relevant mitigation measures.

b) The Environmental Officer can issue penalties, in consultation with relevant authorities, for incidents of non-compliance, and always in liaison with NEMA.

REA i) Compliance with all ESMP requirements.

ii) Number of non-compliance fines issued.

- i) 100% Compliance with ESMP.



a) Sensitise all Contractors, including foremen, supervisors and labourers in the requirement for and full implementation of the ESMP.

b) Employ an adequately qualified and experienced Environmental Officer to assist with specific route and pole location of the infrastructure, prior to the construction of such, as well as regular independent monitoring and stakeholder engagement throughout the construction and rehabilitation stages of the project.

c) Put in place simple Construction Method Statements for activities in sensitive areas, like wetland areas, forest reserves, areas with natural vegetation and densely populated areas.

Contractor i) Show appointment of/institutional arrangement with NEMA, to put in place the EO to regularly monitor and report to REA, PAPs and local authorities on project performance, measured on the requirements of the ESMP.

ii) Construction Method Statements in place for activities in sensitive areas.

Prior to commencement of construction activities and ongoing.

i) Effective Monitoring Mechanism in place.

ii) Quarterly E&SMP meetings held with stakeholders.


3. Faunal biodiversity (wild animals)

Avian species colliding with electricity lines

Design, construction, operation & maintenance

Entire route


REA i) Horizontally placed lines.

Once-off at final design stage.

i) Horizontally placed lines, near medium-sized wetlands.


b) No wild animals to be caught, killed or harmed during construction, in compliance with the provisions regarding prohibitions against acts affecting protected species, including outside protected areas, according to the Uganda Wildlife Act, 2000.

Contractor i) Record of siting’s of wild animals through checking with local communities.

Construction period with monthly monitoring.

i) Zero wild animals or birds are captured and/or killed.

4. Floral biodiversity

&

Clear native vegetation in RoW,

Design Entire route

a) Locate the route design within the road reserve, avoiding trees and dense vegetation, as far as is possible, and only deviate from it if necessary. Attention is focussed on that if one side of the road has remnant forest or old/mature/large trees, while the

REA i) Number of native trees affected by the project.

ii) Number of old fruits

Once-off during final design

i) Reduce to absolute minimum area of native vegetation and trees affected by the


No. Environmental/

Social Impact


Location


Party


Frequency

Target

Ecosystem habitats

material storage areas and construction yards.

other side does not and is clear, then relocate the route on the clearest side of the road. Such final line routings must be considered carefully during final design and include the consideration of minimising the removal of both natural vegetation and private woodlots.

b) The proposed distribution line plan should avoid destruction of old/mature trees and associated organisms, where these may occur along the Project Site. For example, and to the extent possible, the routing should deviate from trees with diameter at breast height size of 0.2m or above, in view of the significant value of such trees in the context of regeneration of species and continuity of life required to restore and strengthen ecosystem resilience.

c) Final pole positions must be checked on the site, to ensure that all environmental and social features within the final route are protected. Remnant natural forests and other ecologically sensitive areas should be avoided, at all cost. Where it is not possible to avoid such forests, the routing of the distribution lines should be done in consultation with the respective authorities, local governments and residents, to plan around creating unnecessary damage to the remaining natural forests, plants, wetlands, crop lands, woodlots, private buildings and farm infrastructure, like hedgerows, avenues of trees/shrubs, walls and fences.

d) Place the distribution lines above existing vegetation to avoid land clearing, where possible and where the underlying crops and/or vegetation remains low, retain this vegetation as far as is possible; it is costly to replace after the line is in place.

e) Care should be taken, as far as is possible, to plan the proposed line routes to avoid natural vegetation, wetlands and private woodlots and to the extent possible, no access roads for construction or maintenance of the line should be developed to traverse wetland areas or areas hosting natural vegetation or private woodlots.

trees (mangos, avocados, etc.) affected by the project.

iii) Number of private woodlots and woodlot area affected by the project.

phase. project. ii) Under 20 native trees

affected by the project.

iii) Zero old fruits trees (mangos, avocados, etc.) affected by the project.

iv) Minimise the number and area of private woodlot disturbed.


f) Avoid clearing natural trees, forests and vegetation at all costs, as these species are under pressure in the Project Area.

g) The distribution line must be strung, without having to clear low lying vegetation occurring within the RoW. Such vegetation could include crops and/or all remaining natural vegetation, and such must not be cleared for the stringing of the lines, during the construction phase. The final design thus requires careful planning.

Contractor i) Area of native vegetation affected by the project.

ii) Number of native trees affected by the project.

iii) Number of old fruits trees (mangos,


i) Reduce to absolute minimum area of native vegetation affected by the project.

ii) Under 10 native trees affected by the project.


No. Environmental/

Social Impact


Location


Party


Frequency

Target

h) The proposed distribution line plan should avoid destruction of old/mature trees and associated organisms, where these may occur along the Project Site. For example, and to the extent possible, the routing should deviate from trees with diameter at breast height size of 0.2m or above, in view of the significant value of such trees in the context of regeneration of species and continuity of life required to restore and strengthen ecosystem resilience.

i) When placing the final pole positions, ensure poles are carefully placed and well away from trees and/or remnant forest, as well as wetland areas, where possible, especially avoiding old/mature/large trees or forest, as far as is possible. This will ensure that the number of trees removed are utterly reduced or reduced to trimming of trees only.

j) Limit clearing to a maximum of 5m wide to each side of the line where necessary, as the RoW and using a wider area only where necessary. Only vegetation 2.5m and taller needs to be cleared form the RoW, also only when necessary.

k) Locate material storage areas and construction yards in existing cleared areas in main towns like Mubende, Kibaale and Bwizi, for instance.

l) Regular maintenance of the cleared areas to prevent the spread of exotic weed species.

avocados, etc.) affected by the project.

iii) Zero old fruits trees (mangos, avocados, etc.) affected by the project.

Clear wetland vegetation through earthworks.

Design Wetland areas

m) Avoid routing the line across deep wetlands. Design support structures for longer spans, to avoid/reduce the number of poles that need to be located in sensitive wetland areas.

n) Design to place the distribution lines well above existing wetland vegetation, as far as is possible, to avoid vegetation clearing in wetland and riparian areas.

REA i) Number of poles placed in wetlands.

ii) Area of wetland vegetation cleared.

Once-off during final design.

i) One per 200m length of wetland crossed, over wetland areas.

ii) Area of wetland vegetation cleared below 3m2 per pole.

Construction Wetland areas

o) Seek clearance/obtain wetland user permit from NEMA. p) Limit the area to be cleared to place poles to below 3m2 per pole. q) Avoid entering a wetland area with any construction machinery.

Work in wetland areas can be conducted by hand. r) Carefully clean construction equipment after working in areas

infested by water hyacinth or other known invasive and exotic species.

REA & Contractor

i) Number of holes dug in wetlands.

ii) Application to NEMA for clearance.


i) NEMA clearance. ii) One/200m length of

wetland crossed, over wetlands.

iii) Area of wetland vegetation cleared below 3m2 per pole.

Unintended wild fires

Construction, operation & maintenance

Entire route, especially densely vegetated

s) Avoid making open fires, especially during dry climatic conditions and when dry grass and other dry vegetation close by could start a wild fire.

t) Provide firefighting equipment, during construction and adequately train personnel in firefighting skills.

Contractor i) Number of fire incidents and details of any firefighting activities and requirements.


i) Zero fire incidents.


No. Environmental/

Social Impact


Location


Party


Frequency

Target

areas u) Properly clear vegetation around poles and close to electricity lines, to avoid safety and fire risks and damage being done to infrastructure, should a fire be burning.

5. Sustainable use of soil

Pollution incidents within Project Site


Pole and transformer sites, construction yard

a) Avoid the contamination and pollution of soils with hazardous materials like fuels and oils, through the proper handling of construction materials and ensuring effective waste management (refer to management of impacts on the ‘6. Water cycle’ and ’23. Construction waste’).

Contractor i) Volume of contaminated soil on the Project Site


i) Zero soil pollution.

6. Water cycle Pollution incidents within Project Site


a) Polluting compounds, to water (including underground water) like oils, fuels, paints and herbicides all form part of the materials typically used on such projects and require special management to avoid any spillage of any magnitude and causing pollution of the environment.

Contractor i) Record of pollution incidents.


i) Zero pollution incidents.

7. Fragile ecosystems

Construction activities near wetlands


Wetland areas

a) Place the distribution lines above existing vegetation to avoid clearing wetland and riparian vegetation, as possible and where the underlying vegetation remains low, retain this vegetation during the stringing of lines.

b) Care should be taken that the proposed line routes must avoid impacting wetlands and no access roads for construction or maintenance of the line should be developed to traverse wetland areas or areas hosting natural vegetation.

c) Remove invasive plant species during construction within RoW.

REA i) Area of wetland and riparian vegetation impacted by the poles and route.

ii) Area/number of invasive species removed.

Once-off during final design.

During operation.

i) Zero wetland and riparian vegetation to be removed.

ii) Complete removal of alien species in RoW.


Wetland areas

d) Place the distribution lines above existing vegetation to avoid clearing wetland and riparian vegetation, as possible and where the underlying vegetation remains low, retain this vegetation during the stringing of lines.

e) Care should be taken that the proposed line routes must avoid impacting wetlands and no access roads for construction or maintenance of the line should be developed to traverse wetland areas or areas hosting natural vegetation.

f) Remove invasive plant species during routine maintenance of RoW.

Contractor iii) Area of wetland and riparian vegetation impacted by the poles and route.

iv) Area/number of invasive species removed.


During construction.

iii) Zero wetland and riparian vegetation to be removed.

iv) Complete removal of alien species in RoW.


8. Employment Employing local labour



b) To minimise the negative social behaviour, it is recommended

Contractor i) Number of residents employed, including number of women employed.


i)


No. Environmental/

Social Impact


Location


Party


Frequency

Target

that, where necessary and feasible, local labour force from within the immediate communities be recruited to minimise housing pressures as well as, social conflicts in the Project Area. For purposes of recruiting the local labour force, the Contractor should work closely with local council leadership to identify suitable persons for employment. In addition, the Contractor needs to liaise with the Kamwenge, Kagadi, Kibaale and Mubende Districts Labour Officers on matters of local labour recruitment arrangements.

9. Social cohesion or disruption

&

Influx of people

External construction crews



b) The Contractor needs to sensitise of workers in cultural values and norms of the area and the identified sensitivities.




f) A comprehensive HIV/AIDS Awareness and Management Plan must be implemented throughout and for the duration of the construction phase, with post-completion monitoring and reporting to REA and NEMA, collaborating with NGOs and CBOs, as possible.

Contractor i) Record of any incidents of negative social implications from the project filed with the EO for the project, as well as REA.


i) Zero tolerance for incidents of highly significant negative social implications.

10. Human health Interactions with residents



b) A comprehensive HIV/AIDS Awareness and Management Plan must be implemented throughout and for the duration of the

Contractor i) Report progress on implementation of HIV/AIDS Awareness and Management Plan for the construction phase.

ii) Regular update reports on


i) All construction personnel to complete HIV/AIDS and Human Health Awareness Training.

ii) At least quarterly meetings with PAPs, local authorities and


No. Environmental/

Social Impact


Location


Party


Frequency

Target

construction phase, with post-completion monitoring and reporting to REA and NEMA, collaborating with NGOs and CBOs, as possible.

c) Sensitisation of communities to be conducted and include electromagnetic fields, accidental electrocution, exposure to hazardous waste materials like fuels, oils and timber offcuts with creosote and/or CCA, safe levels of exposure and related impacts, to avoid speculation.

sensitisation programme with local authorities and institutions.

institutions.

11. Communication and transportation

Road closure

Construction Working Area

a) The Contractor must announce their intended arrivals in areas to local leadership and residents, prior to arriving to work in new areas along the proposed route.




Contractor i) Incidents of severely detrimental blockages of roads.


i) Zero incidents of significant road closure.

12. Local economy

&

Basic services

Power interruption

Operation Entire route

a) UEDCL/similar regularly maintain the power line to keep the power supply reliable.

Electricity distributor

i) Incidents of power disruption.

Annual monitoring.

i) Zero incidents of extended disruption due to faults on the distribution lines.

Power supply

Design Entire route

b) Consider the inclusion of further closely lying trading centres and social services that can benefit from the further supply of electricity.

REA i) Number of trading centres with access to national grid power.

i) 79 trading centres

13. Culture heritage Construction crews


a) REA must ensure that the necessary social safeguards are put in place and effectively managed, to avoid unnecessary and negative social impacts resulting from the promise of this project, as identified during stakeholder consultation.

b) Contractors must ensure that their supervisors, employees and all sub-contractor personnel, adhere to the strict social interaction guidelines, to avoid unnecessary harm on vulnerable groups, such as children and women. Construction teams are not to have direct contact with women or children and such should be observed by all stakeholders of the project.

c) Appropriate fines may be issued by the Environmental Officer, directed towards the Contractor, in cases of non-compliance towards the provisions of the ESMP. This will ensure the effective implementation of the project, alongside the guidelines for

Contractor ii) Number of social incidents resulting in negative cultural and social impacts and details thereof.


i) Zero incidents of highly significant negative social implications.


No. Environmental/

Social Impact


Location


Party


Frequency

Target

sustainability and constructive rural transformation.

14. Cultural objects (PCRs)



Entire route



i) Incidents of impacts. ii) Record of chance

finds.


i) Zero negative impacts to PCRs and other heritage resources.

15. Gender impacts All project activities


Entire route

a) Conducting appropriate sensitisation on gender issues at all levels within the Project Area and creation of awareness on the responsibility of all concerned during the various phases of the project to address specific gender concerns. This should entail consultation with both women and men in the Project Area and within the construction teams.

b) REA and the Contractor should ensure that:

effective gender responsive and equality activities under the proposed project are duly defined and implemented through participatory engagement;

the quantifiable and none quantifiable, gender and social mitigation measures related to direct and indirect impacts are achieved; and

a social specialist is deployed on the project to oversee among others, gender mainstreaming in the project cycle, is implemented.

c) HIV/AIDS awareness campaigns must be regularly conducted for workers and local communities, as well as activities promoting access to health services, treatment and counselling.


i) Coherent Gender Awareness Plan to be implemented.

ii) Monitor performance on the HIV/AIDS campaign.

iii) Changes in the reported numbers of gender-based violence incidents.

iv) Number of local community level meetings held per month.


i) Implementation of Gender Awareness Plan.

ii) All personnel to attend all HIV/Aids Awareness Training.

iii) Decrease in the number of gender-based violence incidents.

iv) At least monthly local community meetings held to communicate project related matters.

16. Vulnerable groups



Entire route

a) A Child Protection Plan will be developed and provided to all the Contractors and school management to discourage the Contractors from using children as labourers. In addition, Contractors will be required to avoid employing workers who are below eighteen years old. They will also be required to keep records that show the ages of their workers.


c) The Contractor should ensure that mechanisms for close monitoring of worker’s behaviour/conduct are in place e.g. Contractor could discreetly engage the police to identify anonymous informers from among the workers to monitor and report any negative behaviour by the workers including child


i) Issues recorded at the regular ES Committee Forum, which can be established and formed from local leaders in the areas of the project.

ii) REA and the Contractor are to form active drivers of this committee, so that especially sensitive social issues have a platform on which to be addressed.


i) Project related environmental and social issues tables at each meeting for the duration of the construction phase.

ii) REA and Contractor actively communicate with the ES Committee.

iii) Reduction in the numbers of child abuse incidents.


No. Environmental/

Social Impact


Location


Party


Frequency

Target

abuse related misconduct, display a call line or suggestion box where the community can provide feedback on workers behaviour.





h) REA and the Contractor should ensure strict compliance with the provision of relevant safeguard policies with respect to persons with disabilities. REA and the Contractor should ensure that there are full and effective participation of persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups, like children and through representative organisations, in all phases of the project, including monitoring and evaluation.

iii) Changes in the number of reported incidents of child abuse.

iv) Gender-based issues, relevant here, are covered in specific section above.

17. Displaced persons


Operation Refugee settlements

a) Relates specifically to the support provided to refugee settlements, as included in all provisions.

District Governmen

t

i) Support provided to refugee settlements.

Annual i) Improved access to stable electricity to improve various functions, including water supply and the provision better health care.

18. Education All project activities


Schools a) All schools must be contacted during the final round of design, to check on access and availability of electricity.


REA, Contractor

i) Number and regular awareness talks held at schools per month.

ii) Number of awareness

Construction period with monthly

i) One awareness meeting and discussion at each school located within


No. Environmental/

Social Impact


Location


Party


Frequency

Target


meetings held with construction staff per month.

monitoring. walking proximity schools and the Project Site.

ii) Four (4) monthly awareness meetings held with construction personnel.

19. Human safety All project activities


Entire route


The Contractor should have on site an Occupational Safety

and Health Policy and Action Plan addressing workers and

PAPs on occupational safety and health issues, workplace

conditions, welfare, accidental electrocution, hazardous

materials and waste management, general safety

requirements, fire preparedness, machinery, plant and

equipment, etc. in line with the Occupational Safety and

Health Act, 2006;

The Contractor should conduct HSE sensitization with PAPs

directly affected by the project;

The Contractor should have HSE induction for all workers,

and undertake daily tool box meetings prior to works; and

b) Workers should regularly be taken through safety drills and emergency preparedness training allowing for quick and efficient responses to accidents that could result in human injury or damage to the environment.

c) The Contractor should involve local leaders in labour recruitment to ensure that people hired have no criminal record.

d) The local content provision should be emphasised to minimise labour requirements needed from outside the community.


i) Number of awareness meetings held with construction staff.

ii) Number of safety audits performed.

iii) Percentage workers trained in OHS procedures and practices.

iv) Number of PAPs and/or representatives attending meetings.


i) Zero tolerance for criminal records and activities.

ii) Monthly safety inspections and audits.

iii) 100% staff trained in OHS procedures and practices.

iv) Zero human safety or incident rating to be upheld as primary target.


20. Visual impacts

&

Surrounding area

Route planning

Design Entire route

a) Due consideration must be taken during the final design stage, to plan and place the final route alignment and pole position, with due consideration and resulting in minimal disturbance to the sensitive rural landscape and setting.

REA, Contractor

i) Reduction in vegetation clearing to reduce visual change in the landscape.

Once-off during final design and ground-truthing.

i) Onsite placement of route and poles that minimises the removal of natural vegetation.


No. Environmental/

Social Impact


Location


Party


Frequency

Target


21. Current land use and potential

&

Surrounding land use and potential

All activities



b) Where private land is used REA should engage property owners and settle any compensation obligation before construction starts.

c) Communicating to the PAPs early enough on the schedules of the project so that, they can make appropriate adjustments in scheduling removal of crops and other structure from the way leave or RoW.

d) REA should support District Local Governments to establish woodlots, which could serve as offsets in areas which will be cleared of trees to erect the distribution lines.

REA, Contractor

i) Area of woodlot affected by the project.

ii) Area of cropland affected by the project.

iii) Implementation of a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) to deal with issues of compensation and loss of land and/or income.


i) Under 1,000m2 of woodlot affected by the project.

ii) Under 10,000m2 of cropland affected by the project.

iii) Implementation of RAP.

22. Possibility of multiple land use

All activities


a) Existing low-level crops be disturbed as little as possible, and where such is unavoidable, fair compensation be addressed within a RAP study for the project.



REA, Electricity distributor

i) Number of incidents regarding maintenance clearing of crops on the RoW.


i) Reduce the clearing of crops to an absolute minimum.

23. Construction waste



a) The Contractors must have on-site waste storage facilities within their construction facilities, including provision to contain and temporarily store hazardous waste.

b) The Contractor must ensure that a NEMA licensed hazardous waste handler collects and disposes of hazardous waste appropriately and to the satisfaction of the local government authorities.

c) REA should therefore ensure that construction workers clean up the Project Site and remove all debris left over from their work.

d) REA Contractors need to put in place waste disposal arrangements with the relevant authorities, including District Local Government to ensure strict compliance regarding waste management and waste disposal, especially in the case of hazardous waste.

e) Contractors must not construct storage facilities and maintenance yards in the vicinity of sensitive environments, such as wetlands, to prevent run-off and pollution of these

REA, Contractor

i) Waste generated and record of recycling, reuse and disposal of construction waste.

ii) Hazardous substance register and log, to track volume and quantity receipt, usage and safe disposal by a NEMA licensed hazardous waste handler.


i) Zero pollution resulting from construction waste.

ii) Zero % loss of hazardous substances on the site.

iii) 100% coverage of waste record, from entering the Project Site to waste disposal site.


No. Environmental/

Social Impact


Location


Party


Frequency

Target

environments. These sites must be located in existing towns in the area, like Mubende, Kibaale and Bwizi, which are centrally located.

f) REA should ensure that the source material and backfill from external environments are, at a minimum, 100% free of invasive species (seeds for example), which could impact the integrity and ecological balance of ecosystems beyond the immediate Project Site.

24. Emissions Construction activities


a) Any equipment containing SF6 (green-house gas) should be installed and monitored, with due consideration given to disposal of such waste.

Contractor i) Materials list and handling procedures for equipment containing SF6 or similar green-house gas.


i) Disposal of all equipment to proper hazardous waste facilities.

25. Alien Invasive Species



Entire route

a) REA and the Contractors should ensure that the restoration of the disturbed areas using only native plant species is carried out. REA should ensure that the Contractor engages the services of relevant experts with knowledge and experience in species identification and the eradication of exotic species.

b) Further, there should be regular and proper maintenance of road reserves to minimise the likelihood of the spread of invasive species that are particularly aggressive, such as Lantana camara, already evident on the site.

c) REA should consider how best to put in place an effective 5-year Alien Vegetation Eradication Plan, to best manage the further spread of exotic species in the wayleave or RoW, extending into these rural agro-ecosystems.

REA i) Coherent Alien Invasive Eradication Plan, with adequate budget to implement it for the project duration.

ii) Collaboration with NARO and other stakeholders in addressing AIS impacts and eradication.


i) Effective eradication of Alien Invasive Species in the Project Site.

ii) Collaboration with other stakeholders to address the eradication of high risk exotic weeds.


9.9. Institutional /Organizational roles and responsibility in ESMP implemention

This section sets out the institutional and organisational arrangements as well as roles and

responsibilities for the implementation of the ESIA/ESMP.

o Role of MEMD(PCU)

The PCU shall be responsible for oversight role and the implementation of mitigation measures in

this ESMP and general compliance of the project with any permits, licenses and Approval

Conditions and related regulations and standards on environment. The Unit will be responsible for

ensuring that, the project facilities comply with the environmental and social requirements as shall

be detailed in the contract documents as well as with other guiding contractual provisions and

documentations.

o The Role of REA

REA will be responsible for the implementation of the Project through contractors. Its

Environmental Unit headed by an Environmental Specialist has the basic training and experience in

environmental and social issues and can effectively coordinate and provide expert advice to

contractors on how to effectively implement the required safeguards under the project. REA will be

responsible for contract management in order to ensure that the contactors adhere to their

contractual obligations and that there are compliant with the environmental and social standards

as spelt out in their contracts. However, to augment the capacity of Unit, it is proposed some short-

term technical assistance to back this capacity be provided for in the project and should cover

technical and equipment as well as some specialised trainings.

o Role of NEMA

NEMA is specifically mandated by the National Environment Act as the principal agency in Uganda

and is charged with the responsibility of monitoring, supervising, and regulating all environmental

management matters in the country. One of the key institutional mandates of NEMA include

among others ensuring the observance of proper safeguards in the planning and execution of all

development projects including those already in existence that have or are likely to have significant

impact on the environment. The role of NEMA will be to review and approve environmental impact

assessments as well as monitoring project implementation in accordance with the provisions of the

Act and the respective regulations.

From the discussions, NEMA has adequate technical capacity to monitor the project activities

through its Department of Environment Monitoring and Compliance in addition to the District

Environment Officers in the respective project areas that will be able to report any cases of non-

compliance. Overall, NEMA is well placed to capture both environmental and social issues either

through their mandatory compliance audits or through monitoring reports by the respective

District Environment Officers.

o District Local Governments

District and Local Council in project Districts will be vital in implementation of the project in terms

of mobilizing political goodwill and sensitizing communities about the project as well as their

District Environment Officers who will be taking care of environmental and social aspects of the

project at their levels.The DEOs in the respective areas of project implementation will monitor the


project to ensure mitigation measures are adequately implemented. The DEOs will also have to

review all project environmental and social assessment reports and provide comments during their

review to NEMA before issuance of Approvals. The DEOs will also ensure that, the project activities

are implemented in accordance with NEMA conditions of approval. The DEOs will also attend the

monthly site meetings for the project and be able to point out issues of concerns.

o The local council leaders

The local council leaders in the project areas will have a role on matters of helping contractos

access land for the projectfacilities set ups. They will be key in aspects of labour identification and

endorsements. The local leaders will support law enforcement agencies in curbing crime during

project implementation.

o The Role of the Contractors

Contractors will be responsible for complying with all relevant legislation and adhere to all

mitigation measures specified in the ESIA and its ESMP. REA will therefore have to ensure

enforcement of mitigation measures which will be enshrined under contractual obligations.The

contractors will be obliged to have resources to ensure implementation of environmental and

social management obligations in the contract(this ESMP shall be part of the Contract through

hiring Environmental and Social Management Specialists to operationalize the environmental and

social requirements in the ESMP and supporting documentation.

o Role of Supervising Consultants

The Supervising Consultants should have in their teams at least Environment and Social

Management Specialist who will have overall responsibility of ensuring that, project

implementation process complies with this ESMP, NEMA Approval conditions as well as contract

provisions. The Environmental and Social ManagementSpecialists shall work closely withREA

Environmental and Social Safeguards Team in supervising the contractor. In addition, the

contracctors will conduct scheduled site supervisions to monitor state of environmental compliance

as documented or executed by the Contractors’ Environmentalists. The Supervising Consultants will

have obligation to also oversee compliance and observation of health and safety and labor

requirements alongside other cross-cutting issues in the project.

9.10. Penalties for Non-Compliance

Where actions have resulted in significant environmental and/or social impacts, with no remedy action been shown, a penalty mechanism and/or stop work order can be used against the Contractor for causing environmental and social harm. It should be specified as early as bidding for the construction work that high E&S performance is mandatory and non-compliance will be dealt with through the issuing of non-compliance fines, with no claims allowed for lost time by the Contractor. This will ensure that Contractors take E&S compliance seriously and conduct all work within the specified guidelines of the ESMP. Failure to do so, resulting in fines and/or stop work orders, will show that full E&S compliance simply makes for better profits; it certainly supports better environmental and social governance, enhances positive benefits and reduces the risks and realisation of negative project impacts.

9.11. E&S Action Plans and Method Statements


Action Plans from the Contractor will be required for overall E&S management and provides a

framework under which all E&S tasks will be implemented by the Contractor. Action Plans will

indicate what further plans/programmes the Contractor has compiled to manage, for instance,

HIV/AIDS, gender equality, gender-based violence and the abuse of children, amongst others.

Method Statements from the Contractor are more specific will be required for specific sensitive

actions on request of the authorities, EO and/or E&S Supervising Consultant/s. A Method

Statement describes how sensitive area work takes place, is a dynamic document in which

modifications are negotiated between the Contractor and E&S Supervising Consultant/s during the

construction phase, as construction works progress.

A Method Statement describes the scope of the intended work in a step-by-step description in

order for the E&S Supervising Consultant to understand the Contractors intentions and methods.

This will enable them to assist in linking mitigation measures, which would reduce environmental

and social impacts during the execution of these construction activities. For each instance wherein,

it is requested that the Contractor submit a Method Statement to the satisfaction of the E&S

Supervising Consultant, the format should clearly indicate the following:

Description of the activity to be undertaken;

Detailed description of the process of work, methods, equipment and materials storage and

movement to work sites;

Description/sketch map of the locality of work;

Sequence of actions with commencement dates and completion date estimates;

Management of any emergencies, like contamination and spills, if they should occur; and

Other relevant details that shown how E&S risks will be managed.

The Contractor must submit the Action Plan/s and Method Statement/s prior to commencement of

any particular construction activity, and work may not commence until these have been approved

by the EO and E&S Supervising Consultant/s. Modifications to the Methods Statement must be

communicated to the E&S Supervising Consultant. However, approval of the Methods Statement/s

does not absolve the Contractor from other or additional obligations or responsibilities as

contained in the terms of contract, the ESMP and their E&S Action Plan.


For this project, Methods Statement shall be required for the following construction activities:

Works in all wetland areas;

Works in forest reserves;

Woks through woodlots; and

Works in densely populated areas.


10. DESIGN GUIDELINES

The purpose of these design guidelines is to provide information for the final design stage, being

the route placement and location of poles for the distribution lines.

The project design drawings provided for this assessment are in the preliminary design phase. This

study provides valuable information that can be used to inform the final design stage, so as to

ensure that the design responds to environmental and social sensitivities and avoids negative

impacts, or where not possible, then reduce and manage negative impacts.

The principles provided in this section are presented in 2 levels. The 1st being principles that are of a

general nature and apply to the project throughout. The 2nd being more specific design notes,

which provide specific locality-specific suggestions along the proposed route, for consideration and

incorporation in the final design stage.

10.1. General Principles

The following general principles are detailed with the purpose of informing the final placement of

the route for the distribution line, as well as the considerations that need to be considered when

ground-truthing the final route and placement of poles for the entire project (Lot 7 and Lot 8), as

referenced and detailed.

1. Throughout the Project Site, as is the case for the majority of the design for Lot 7, it is

suggested that the road reserve be used for the location of the MV and LV lines. In the case of

Lot 8 the route deviates almost entirely from the road reserve, without any apparent reason for

such deviation being apparent. In the case of the most of Lot 8 and to a minor extent in Lot 7, is

therefore suggested that the final design for the lines be located within the road reserve. If

exceptional circumstances prevail, like having to avoid a building or large tree for instance, then

deviation can be considered and in consultation with the relevant private landowner that will

be affected.

2. Avoid removing old and mature trees (with diameter at breast height size of 0.2m or above).

The line must be routed around such features.

3. In areas where the route crosses sensitive features, like wetlands, natural vegetation or

woodlots on both sides, it must be ensured that the line be placed well within the road reserve,

so as optimise the use of the existing pathway already created through the landscape and

vegetation by the road. When features are evident on both side of the route, the least

disturbance option should be checked on the site during final design.

4. Span wetlands, where possible, as well as avoid removing vegetation from wetland and riparian

areas.

5. Clearing of vegetation is expected in a limited manner. Yet, clearing of vegetation to span the

lines, must be avoided as far as is possible. Methods should be used to span the lines over

existing vegetation, as far as is possible.


6. The final placement of poles, especially in sensitive areas such as homesteads, farm yards,

villages, trading centres, wetland areas, riparian areas and areas hosting natural trees and

forests, must be ground-truthed during final design, to ensure that the optimal placement of

poles is achieved and impacts to existing features are avoided and if not possible, minimised.

7. When ground-truthing the final placement of routes and poles, it is possible to explore existing

routes that are already clear, thus eliminating or minimise the clearing of natural vegetation

and woodlots.

10.2. Notes for Final Design

Design notes have been made to provide location-specific suggestions for the consideration of the

final route and position of poles for the project, during final design.

Table 10-1 Lot 7 Route Design Notes and Location Points

No. Notes X Y

1. Discrepancy between road data and existing road. Line can cross between 2 roads at this point, as designed. 31,39408544600 0,58441305100

2. Place line on opposite side of road to avoid this woodlot. 31,35392779200 0,59393178200

3. Place line on opposite side of road to avoid trees. 31,32326668400 0,59623681900

4. Place line across road to avoid woodlot. 31,31806110200 0,60186537100

5. Avoid clearing vegetation and place line across road, if possible. 31,28832593700 0,63260262700

6. Avoid clearing trees and place across road, if necessary. 31,27594437000 0,66357401800

7. To reduce vegetation removal, keep the line across the road the N. 31,23187913500 0,68276842400

8. Keep the line well tucked into the road reserve to make full use of the existing cleared pathway due to the road, through this vegetated area. 31,22746222900 0,68159762400

9. Place line across road if vegetation has to be cleared if placed in current position. 31,19987808800 0,69760611700

10. Please line across road to avoid clearing vegetation. 31,19097840100 0,69671405900

11. Woodlot that may need to be cleared. See if possible to place line across the road. 31,15260523900 0,70533226400

12. Avoid clearing vegetation here. 31,13973287300 0,71068531700

13. Woodlot here and see if worth placing line across road. 31,12166697500 0,72406603000

14. Place line across road to avoid this woodlot. 31,10539126800 0,75572570200

15. Woodlot on both sides and line on opposite side will result in less clearance woodlot area. 31,07774206500 0,84278091300

16. Line on opposite side will avoid this woodlot. 31,08069248300 0,84832396500

17. Line on opposite side may avoid vegetation clearing. 31,09359172200 0,89736658700

18. Keep to within road reserve if it means avoiding removal of trees. 31,09043555100 0,90820005000

19. Woodlot may be cleared here. 31,07366905300 0,99130443100

20. Avoid clearing vegetation here and place across road, if necessary. 31,07189605500 1,02296867000

21. Design the line into the road reserve here to avoid loss of vegetation, unless a clear route through can be found. 30,95588799700 0,88566068300

22. Woodlot may need to be cleared here. 30,94326414400 0,88865364700


No. Notes X Y

23. Discrepancy between road data and existing road. Design into existing road reserve here. 30,92985326500 0,89213187800

24. Use existing road and design final line into road reserve, form here northwards until the previous design note is located. 30,91640199000 0,87648237400

These design notes, as for Lot 7 and following for Lot 8, provide suggestions towards the finalisation

of the designs, in order to improve reduce negative project impacts. The following suggestions are

made for the final design for Lot 8, which as a primary principle, needs to be largely relocated

within the road reserve.

Table 10-2 Lot 8 Route Design Notes and Location Points

No. Notes X Y

1. Design the route to fall within the road reserve, for the entire Lot 8, except where deviation is necessary and feasible. 30,35658013400 -0,02405524700

2. Line will cross woodlot here, so relocate line and possibly within road reserve may be the best option. 30,36130969800 -0,01521099300

3. Crossing this area seems acceptable and the best route that avoids damage to crops will be necessary. 30,36160840700 -0,01042386500

4. Place the line within the road reserve. 30,36101495000 -0,00954970200

5. Discrepancies between road data and the existing road position do occur, inconsistently across Lot 8. Place the line close within the road reserve. 30,50057918700 0,32791985300

6. Route across this area can be found and must minimise the loss of vegetation and crops. Existing clear routes can be used. 30,64521683900 0,23868668100

7. Place the line in the existing road reserve. 30,59842092100 0,28506820700

8. Place the line within the road reserve. 30,62705347100 0,26377559500

9. Use the road reserve for the placement of the line. 30,61849260100 0,30680378500

10. Use the road reserve to place the line throughout this area of the design. 30,68185943800 0,36486585800

11. There are generally more discrepancies between the road data used in the design and the location of the existing roads in Lot 8. 30,70014032500 0,36647480100

12. Woodlot here so can place line across road to avoid woodlot loss. 30,71306479200 0,38363604900

13. Move the alignment of this route to avoid this remnant forest, if it will result in the clearing of any trees or vegetation. 30,72225010500 0,39602857300

14. Move the route to avoid crossing this woodlot area. 30,72001166700 0,39983602400

15. A route through this loop in the road may be possible, if the poles are well-placed so as to avoid vegetation clearing. Alternatively, the road reserve can be used, making use of the pathway already created by the road. 30,71815974300 0,40306828100

16. Avoid vegetation removal here. 30,71470912200 0,40880149900

17. Avoid vegetation clearing here and move the line across the road if necessary. 30,71115195600 0,41699197400

18. Use the existing road and road reserve as a pathway to place the line. 30,70852758000 0,42730126900

19. The line creates another linear development route through the vegetation. Rather move the line to within the road reserve and 30,34963598500 -0,02485154400


No. Notes X Y

use the existing road as a clear pathway between the trees to locate the poles and span the line.

20. Discrepancy between road data and existing road. Place line across the road in northern road reserve, or clearest route through this vegetated area. 30,35389478500 -0,02378182800

21. Place line in existing road reserve. 30,70713442400 0,44077950500


23. Discrepancy between road data and existing road. 30,76124936600 0,44741545500


25. Place line in existing road reserve all along this section of the design area. 30,78883458900 0,41744487500

26. Discrepancy between road data and existing road. Use road reserve for placement of the line. 30,80890800900 0,40014843400

27. Discrepancy between road data and existing road. Use road reserve to place the line. 30,79030448400 0,38108303300

28. Discrepancy between road data and existing road. Use road reserve for the placement of the line. 30,78778842800 0,36818555300

29. Use the road reserve to place the line. 30,77801875200 0,38249505900

30. Use the existing road as a pathway through the trees to place the line, with minimal trimming required. 30,77227210700 0,37223130800

31. Use the existing road reserve to place the line. 30,77988945400 0,35360521400



34. Reroute the line around this vegetation, if it means clearing of trees and vegetation. The road reserve is the natural and best alternative path through the vegetation. 30,73937263300 0,38460212200

35. Redesign route to cross to point 37. 30,73584120800 0,38515645400

36. Redesign rote to cross to point 36. 30,72717033200 0,39101709400

37. Find way across this vegetation to avoid having to clear vegetation for the placement of the poles and stringing of the line. 30,72998820000 0,38919622100

38. The 3 routes leading to this point must be placed to best avoid the removal of trees and natural vegetation. 30,72306780700 0,39461856300

39. Design line to fall within the road reserve. 30,35658013400 -0,02405524700

10.3. Note on Spatial Accuracy

The road alignment data used for the preliminary route design deviates from the actual road alignment

on the site in several places. This discrepancy occurs inconsistently across both Lot 7 and Lot 8. The

preliminary designs have been based on survey information collected with handheld GPS device, during

the preliminary design phase. Typically, a handheld GPS device can provide spatial data with an accuracy

of 3 to 5m, at any given time. However, if there are significant time differences between survey periods

allowing for significant movement of satellites, the spatial data readings will most likely vary to a larger

degree and add further to inaccuracies. This is expected to be the case with the route alignment data

received, where differing survey times would be the case, thus compounding spatial inaccuracies. The

spatial accuracy for the GIS data and co-ordinates provided is thus estimated to be between 5 to 10m,

yet could be in the scale of 20m of more, in cases.


11. CONCLUSION

Access to electricity is one of the primary constraints to the Ugandan economy; providing such

access unlocks economic opportunity. In the context of this project, such opportunity would most

likely be taken up by the service and processing industries, which can then rely on stable electricity

to build a business on. The positive impacts from this project will result in local economic growth

along the transport and trading routes into Mubende, Kibaale, Kagadi and Kamwenge Districts.

The rural landscape into which the extension of the national electricity supply is proposed, hosts a

agro-ecosystem that is largely under-developed, in which continued wetland encroachment and

deforestation pose as threats to ecosystem resilience. Invasion by alien vegetation species, like

Lantana camara and Parthenium hysterophorus (Famine Weed), reported to have been identified

in the Mubende area, pose a risk this rural landscape. However, through routine maintenance and

removal of Alien Invasive Species from the RoW, this risk can be significantly reduced. Such exotic

plants and weed species typically start growing in cleared and/or areas, where the soil has been

disturbed and tend to out-compete the native pioneer species and dominate the biome, if left

unchecked. With no natural grazer, the weed species proliferate exponentially; there is simply

nothing in the ecosystem to curb its growth; specific intervention is required to eradicate such

weed species, especially when established. Efforts from all parties will be required to deal with this

risk. Alien Invasive Species are already present in the Project Site and with the correct attention can

be effectively managed.

Much of the natural vegetation in the Project Site has been transformed, with inaccessible riparian

areas and pockets of remnant forest remaining in places. The proposed route crosses numerous

wetland areas. No wild animals, other than Colobus Monkeys and bird species were observed on

the site, since the land is primarily used for agriculture. The rural homestead is typically supported

by crops grown for own use, cash crops and small-scale stock farming. Trading centres provide

access to basic commodities, like food stuff, fuel, materials, as well as provide for a growing service

sector. Maize farming, cattle farming, milk production and pig farming, are all strong components

of the rural agro-economy. These activities can become more productive and strengthen the local

economy, especially if agro-processing facilities become more established. It is doubtful whether

the ordinary rural homestead will be able to afford grid electricity, yet as the economy grows, the

affordability matter is likely to change. Social services, including health facilities, schools and other

services, like the provision of water, will certainly benefit from improved access to reliable

electricity.

Care should be taken when determining specific pole locations, during the final design stage, to

avoid impacts to specific environmental and social features. There is overwhelming support for the

project by all stakeholders, yet certain negative social impacts and cautions have also been raised,

as well as ways to deal with them; as detailed in the Environmental and Social Management Plan

(ESMP).

It is necessary to make sure mitigation measures are implemented continuously through on-site

monitoring, reporting and intervention. Various social issues raised during stakeholder

engagement, can be better managed, as detailed in ESMP. The specific negative social impacts

related to vulnerable groups, like women and children, requires specific attention and exceptional

implementation and management.


The next stage of the work lies in the final design of the route and pole positions, being fully

cognisant of and planning around impacts to the sensitive environmental and social features

identified. Details are provided in the form of a design guideline, to highlight and respond to

specific sensitivities along the current route design. The proposed extension of the national grid is a

tried and tested method and currently proves the most practical and cost-effective manner to

deliver electricity into the rural areas of Uganda. With growing interest and more cost-effective

technology being available, the use of solar power, in cases where it is applicable, will also continue

to grow.

Through effective implementation of the mitigation measures, stipulated in the resulting

Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP), the probable risks of this project can be

managed and mitigated. It is critical to realise that the project must be implemented within the

suggested ESMP guidelines, to avoid negative impacts related to gender inequality, gender-based

violence, the abuse of children and exclusion of vulnerable groups, as well as planning around old

trees and other significant environmental and social sites features. Of primary importance in the

final design stage is to focus on site specific placement and in cases of route deviation from the

road reserve, holding discussions and negotiations with affected landowners. Such work is

facilitated through the implementation of the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) process for the

proposed project.


12. RECOMMENDATIONS

The recommendations made are based on this assessment and provide information for the National

Environment Management Authority (NEMA) to consider the approval of the proposed extension of

electricity distribution lines linked to the national grid.

Recommendation is made for the approval of the project, based on condition that the proposed

mitigation measures in the ESMP are effectively implemented; proof of which must be made available

regularly to relevant authorities and stakeholders. Recommendation is made to implement the

proposed monitoring mechanism that lays out what needs to be done, to enable and support

compliance with the ESMP.

The following specific recommendations are made:

1. The proposed route be more closely aligned with the road reserve across Lot 8, as there seem to be

no reasons for the predominant deviation from the road reserve;

2. The final location of the proposed route and specific placement of poles and other infrastructure, be

specifically designed during the final design stage, to avoid the identified environmental and social

impacts, as far as is possible;

3. REA should consider the needs of institutions such as churches, schools and health centres that fall

outside the proposed routing, for possible further inclusion into the revised designs for the project.

The expansion of the distribution line, in the case of Kiryanga Trading Center and Sub-County

Headquarters for instance, located 1.5km north of Kicucuura load center. This relatively short

extension can make a difference to the lives of many, in the north of Lot 7 and should be considered

for inclusion into the distribution project, as highlighted during discussion with the local

stakeholders;

4. Social protection - REA needs to deal with a pervasive problem of abusive behaviour and use of

vulgar language towards women and children by construction teams deployed to erect power lines.

Stakeholders are well aware of these issues and have raised them repeatedly during consultations.

Penalties and fines should be put in place to deal with ESMP non-compliance issues. The sexual

harassment of women and children by construction workers deployed to erect power lines is a

recurrent problem, which the stakeholders feel must be addressed as a priority issue. REA is

therefore requested to ensure that this issue is very well managed to avoid such significant negative

social impacts during the implementation of the project. In this regard, attention is drawn to the IFC

Good Practice Note: Managing Contractor’s Environmental and Social Performance, October

201724;

5. Security of assets - there is concern about frequent theft of electricity distribution lines and

components, including meters and transformer parts. There is suspicion that the theft occurs with

the direct involvement and collusion of technicians from the electricity agencies. They are more

knowledgeable about the value and markets for these components. The same is true of theft of






power in form of illegal connections by unscrupulous consumers. REA should keep this issue in

mind, especially during the construction and operational phase of the project;

6. Labour and recruitment - REA should give priority consideration to recruitment of unskilled local

labour on the project. Gender considerations should also be given due attention during project

implementation;

7. REA should endeavour to include sociologists in the final design and construction teams to

overcome the biases and gaps that are often overlooked by teams that are predominantly

engineering professionals;

8. The police and other security agencies should be part of the process of sensitising the stakeholder

during the construction of the distribution lines – from the perspective of the safety of persons, as

well as potential vandalism of assets such as transformers;

9. Communication and feedback - REA is requested to ensure that reports or outcomes of the on-going

assessment are shared with the relevant District, as soon as they are available – in the interest of

transparency and accountability;

10. Necessary training regarding safety aspects to the personnel working at the line will be provided by

the Contractor. Personal protective equipment, like safety gloves, helmet, mufflers etc., should be

provided during the construction period and during the maintenance work and according to

national and international Occupational Health and Safety good practice standards;

11. Strict Contractor adherence from the work force regarding zero tolerance to disturbances on the

local community, surrounding habitats, flora and fauna, to be maintained at all times;

12. REA ensure that the appointed Contractor put in place and effectively implement an Alien Invasive

Species Eradication Plan, as part of implementing the ESMP. Action towards the eradication of such

exotic species and weeds can be done in consultation with the relevant officials at NARO;

13. Selection of approved locations for material storage yards and construction yards away from

wetland and low-lying areas, as well as away from other sensitive environmental areas, must be

ensured;

14. Continued sensitisation of the affected community must be done, together with planning with local

political and civil authorities and involving District Environment Officers and Community

Development Offices;

15. Liaison with all relevant authorities, for example the National Forest Authority (NFA) and Uganda

Wildlife Authority (UWA) for protected tree species and if any wildlife is encountered;

16. The project should at all times ensure health and safety for both workers and the public, during all

stages of the project; and

17. REA will need to work extensively and more regularly with local leaders, to help sensitise the general

public to better manage local community expectations regarding compensation for loss of crops,

woodlots and/or property.


13. REFERENCES

1. AEWA. 2012. Guidelines on How to Avoid or Mitigate Impact of Electricity Power Grids on

Migratory Birds in the African-Eurasian Region. Germany.

2. Engineering News, 20 July 2017. http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article/new-approach-

needed-to-develop-africas-energy-landscape-2017-07-20

3. GoU. 1964. Roads Act. Entebbe, Republic of Uganda.

4. GoU. 1964. Public Health Act. Entebbe, Republic of Uganda.

5. GoU. 1965. Land Acquisition Act. Entebbe, Republic of Uganda.

6. GoU. 1967. National Monument Act. Entebbe, Republic of Uganda.

7. GoU. 1996. Uganda Wildlife Act. Entebbe, Republic of Uganda.

8. GoU. 1997. Local Governments Act. Entebbe, Republic of Uganda.

9. GoU. 1998. Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations. Entebbe, Republic of Uganda.

10. GoU. 1998. Land Act. Entebbe, Republic of Uganda.

11. GoU. 1999. Electricity Act. Entebbe, Republic of Uganda.

12. GoU. 1999. National Environment: Standards for Discharge of Effluent into Water or on Land

Regulations. Entebbe, Republic of Uganda.

13. GoU. 2000. National Environment: Wetlands, River Banks and Lakeshores Management

Regulations. Entebbe, Republic of Uganda.

14. GoU. 2003. National Environment: Noise Standards and Control regulations. Entebbe, Republic

of Uganda.

15. GoU. 2004. National Environment: Waste Management Regulations. Entebbe, Republic of

Uganda.

16. GoU. 2000. Workman’s Compensation Act. Entebbe, Republic of Uganda.

17. GoU. 2003. National Forest and Tree Planting Act. Entebbe, Republic of Uganda.

18. GoU. 2004. National Environment Act. Entebbe, Republic of Uganda.

19. GoU. 2006. National Environment Audit Regulations. Entebbe, Republic of Uganda.

20. GoU. 2006. Occupational Safety and Health Act. Entebbe, Republic of Uganda.

21. GoU. 2010. Physical Planning Act. Entebbe, Republic of Uganda.

22. GoU. 2011. National Physical Planning Standards and Guidelines. Entebbe, Republic of Uganda.

23. GoU. 2015. Second National Development Plan 2015/16 – 2019/2020. Entebbe, Republic of

Uganda.

24. IFC. 2007. Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission and

Distribution. International Finance Corporation (IFC). Washington. USA.

25. IFC. 2007. General Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines, including all subsequent

Sector-Specific and Project-Specific Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines. International

Finance Corporation (IFC). Washington. USA.

26. Kamwenge District Council. 2016. Kamwenge District Development Plan 2015/16 – 2019/20.

Kamwenge District Local Government, Uganda.

27. Kibaale District Council. 2016. Kibaale District Development Plan 2015/16 – 2019/20. Kibaale

District Local Government, Uganda.

28. Kagadi District Council. 2016. Kagadi District Development Plan 2015/6 – 2019/20. Kagadi

District Local Government, Uganda.

29. Langdale-Brown. H. A. Osmaston and Wilson, J. G. 1964. The vegetation of Uganda and its

bearing on land-use. Entebbe. p. 102-106.

http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article/new-approach-needed-to-develop-africas-energy-landscape-2017-07-20

http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article/new-approach-needed-to-develop-africas-energy-landscape-2017-07-20


30. Mubende District Council. 2015. Mubende District Development Plan 2015/16 – 2019/20.

Mubende District Local Government, Mubende, Uganda.

31. Mubende District Local Government. 2013. Mubende District Local Government Statistical

Abstract 2012/13. Mubende District Local Government. Mubende. Uganda.

32. NARO. 2002. Country Report on Invasive Alien Species in Uganda. Entebbe. Uganda.

33. NEMA. 2004. Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines for the Energy Sector. Kampala,

Uganda.

34. NEMA. 2010. State of the Environment Report for Uganda 2010. National Environmental

Management Authority (NEMA). Kampala, Uganda.

35. NPHC. 2014. National Population and Housing Census. Area Specific Profiles for Mubende

District, Kibaale District, Kagadi District, Kamwenge District. Uganda Bureau of Statistics.

Kampala. Uganda.

36. REA. 2014. Environmental and Social Management Framework for the Energy for Rural

Transformation III Project. Kampala, Uganda.

37. Tushabe, Allen. 2010. Gender-based Violence and HIV/AIDS Among Married Couples in Uganda:

A Case of Bagezza Sub-County. Mubende. Uganda.

38. UBOS. 2009. Higher Local Government Statistical Abstract: Kamwenge District. Uganda Bureau

of Statistics. Kampala, Uganda.

39. UBOS. 2009. Higher Local Government Statistical Abstract: Kibaale District. Uganda Bureau of

Statistics. Kampala, Uganda.

40. UBOS. 2011. Uganda Demographic and Health Survey. Uganda Bureau of Statistics. Kampala,

Uganda.

41. UBOS. 2012. Energy Sector Gender Statistics Profile. Supported by the UN Joint Programme on

Gender Equality and Women Empowerment. Uganda Bureau of Statistics. Kampala, Uganda.

42. UBOS. 2014. National Census. Uganda Bureau of Statistics. Kampala, Uganda.

43. UIA. 2016. Kamwenge District Investment Profile. Supported by United Nations Development

Programme. Uganda Investment Authority. Kampala. Uganda.

44. USAID. 2006. Uganda Biodiversity and Tropical Forest Assessment. Washington. USA.

45. UWA. Date uncertain. Uganda Wildlife Map: https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-

b&biw=1366&bih=669&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=uganda+IBA&oq=uganda+IBA&gs_l=psy-

ab.3..0i8i30k1j0i24k1.12057.12717.0.13711.3.3.0.0.0.0.894.894.6-1.1.0....0...1.1.64.psy-

ab..2.1.894.eCweDipdW70#imgdii=RLQVmJRtqEdsBM:&imgrc=gQ07Besjgh_SNM:

46. World Bank. 1999. Operational Manual 4.01 Environmental Assessment. Washington. USA.

47. World Bank. 1999. Operational Manual 4.04 Natural Habitat. Washington. USA.

48. WRI. 2005. Poverty Rate in Uganda: Percentage of Rural Subcounty Population Below the

Poverty Line. World Resources Institute. http://www.wri.org/resources/maps/poverty-rate-

uganda-percentage-rural-subcounty-population-below-poverty-line-2005

https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b&biw=1366&bih=669&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=uganda+IBA&oq=uganda+IBA&gs_l=psy-ab.3..0i8i30k1j0i24k1.12057.12717.0.13711.3.3.0.0.0.0.894.894.6-1.1.0....0...1.1.64.psy-ab..2.1.894.eCweDipdW70#imgdii=RLQVmJRtqEdsBM:&imgrc=gQ07Besjgh_SNM




http://www.wri.org/resources/maps/poverty-rate-uganda-percentage-rural-subcounty-population-below-poverty-line-2005

http://www.wri.org/resources/maps/poverty-rate-uganda-percentage-rural-subcounty-population-below-poverty-line-2005


14. APPENDICES

Appendix A Stakeholder Consultations

1. List of stakeholder meetings.

2. Stakeholder database.

3. Consultation meeting minutes.


1. List of Stakeholder Meetings

No. Date Name Location Participants

National Level Meetings

1. Several meetings

Rural Electrification Agency REA, Kampala -

2. 1 June 2017

National Environment Management Authority

National Environment Management Authority Headquarters, Jinja Road, Kampala

1

3. 17 July 2017

Uganda Wildlife Authority Uganda Wildlife Authority Headquarters, Kiira Road, Kampala

2

4. 21 July 2017

National Forestry Authority National Forestry Authority Headquarters, Spring Road, Kampala

1

5. 25 July 2017

Ministry of Water and Environment and also Wetlands Management Department

Ministry of Water and Environment Headquarters, Luzira, Kampala

7

6. 25 July 2017

National Crops Resources Research Institute of the National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO) Kampala

NARO Headquarters, Namulonge, Gayaza-Zirobwe Road, Kampala

1

7. 28 July 2017

Ministry of Gender Labour & Social Development

Ministry of Gender, Labour & Social Development Headquarters, Simbamanyo House, George Street, Kampala

2

8. 1 August 2017

Directorate of Occupational Health and Safety

Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development; Simbamanyo House, George Street, Kampala

1

9. 4 August 2017

Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife and Antiquities

Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife and Antiquities Headquarters, Rwenzori Towers, Nakasero Road, Kampala

3

10. 4 August 2017

Department of Museums and Monuments

Kiira Road, Kampala 1

11. 4 September

2017

Uganda National Roads Authority

UNRA, Kampala 1

District Level Meetings: Lot 7

12. 12 July 2017

Kagadi District Leadership Kagadi District Council Hall, Kagadi District Headquarters, Kagadi

32


No. Date Name Location Participants

13. 12 July 2017

Kibaale District Leadership Kibaale District Council Hall, Kibaale District Headquarters, Kibaale

32

14. 14 July 2017

Mubende District Leadership Mubende District Council Hall, Mubende District Headquarters, Mubende

28

District Level Meetings: Lot 8

15. 10 July 2017

Kamwenge District Leadership Kamwenge District Council Hall, Kamwenge District Headquarters, Kamwenge

79

Village Level Meetings: Lot 7

16. 13 July 2017

Kicucuura Primary School Kicucuura Primary School, Kagadi District

10*

17. 13 July 2017

Bugwara Trading Centre Leadership and Residents

Bugwara Trading Centre, Kagadi District

10*

18. 13 July 2017

Kasimbi Trading Centre Leadership and Residents

Kasimbi Trading Centre, Kibaale District

10*

19. 13 July 2017

Kyebando Trading Centre Leadership and Residents

Kyebando Trading Centre, Kibaale District

11

20. 13 July 2017

Nyamarwa Trading Centre Leadership and Residents

Nyamarwa Trading Centre, Kibaale District

10*

21. 13 July 2017

Masenge Trading Centre Leadership and Residents

Masenge Trading Centre, Kibaale District

10*

22. 14 July 2017

Lwebyayi East Division Trading Centre Leadership and Residents

Lwebyayi Trading Centre, Mubende District

10*

Village Level Meetings: Lot 8

23. 10 July 2017

Lyakahungu Trading Centre leadership and Residents

Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District

29

24. 11 July 2017

Bisozi Trading Centre Leadership and Residents

Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District

20

25. 11 July 2017

Nkoma Sub-County Leadership and Trading Centre Residents, Rwamwanja Refugee Resettlement Officials

Nkoma Sub-County Council Hall, Nkoma Trading Centre, Kamwenge District

18

26. 11 July 2017

Kampala “B” Trading Centre Leadership and Residents

Kampala “B” Trading Centre, Kamwenge District

15*

TOTAL NO. OF PARTICIPANTS 344

*Note: At village level meetings, PAPs were not prepared to sign an attendance register, due to suspicions of being wrongly implicated in the project, or due to disagreement on compensation. Participant numbers at these meetings have been estimated.


2. Stakeholder Database

No. Name Position Organization Contact Details

NATIONAL LEVEL STAKEHOLDERS

1. Sanyu Jane Mpagi

Director, Directorate of Gender and Community Development

Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development

0772516980 [email protected]

2. Margaret Kyomukama

Assistant Commissioner, Gender and Women Affairs



3. Barbara Clara Khayongo

Principal Occupational Hygienist, Occupational Health and Safety



4. Akankwasah Barirega

Acting. Commissioner, Wildlife Conservation

Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife and Antiquities 0772831348 [email protected] [email protected]

5. Newton Akiza Senior Economist Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife and Antiquities 0703005563

6. Berna Namugwanya

Wildlife Officer Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife and Antiquities 0782646353

7. Jackie Besigye Senior Conservator Department of Museums and Monuments, Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife and Environment

0772644397

8. Sarah Musalizi Research Officer, Cultural Heritage

Department of Museums and Monuments, Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife and Environment

0772183601

9. Okiror Steven Fred

Senior Wildlife Officer Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife and Antiquities 0772931963 [email protected],[email protected]

10. Richard Kyambadde

Principal Wetlands Officer Department of Wetlands Management, Ministry of Water and Environment

0772595273

11. Sylvano Afai

Regional Wetlands Coordinator, North

Department of Wetlands Management,

Ministry of Water and Environment

0772663722

12. Geoffrey Gokka Wetlands Officer Department of Wetlands Management,

Ministry of Water and Environment

0772341241

13. Gilbert Ituka Environmental Officer Ministry of Water and Environment 0712556824

14. Arnold Ayazika Waiswa

Director Environmental Monitoring & Compliance

National Environment Management Authority 0772471139 [email protected]

15. Tom Rukundo EIA & Research Specialist National Forestry Authority 0772591205

16. John Diisi Coordinator GIS National Forestry Authority 0772410523

17. Maxwell Kabi Acting Coordinator, Forest Utilisation

National Forestry Authority 0782453853

18. James Ogwang National Coordinator, National Invasive Species Coordination Unit

National Crop Resources Research Institute, National Agriculture Research Organisation


19. Peter Beine Senior Research Officer, National Invasive Species Coordination Unit

National Crop Resources Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Organisation


20. Edgar Buhanga Deputy Director, Planning Uganda Wildlife Authority 0414355224, 0772450468 [email protected]

21. Justine Namara Manager EIA/OM Uganda Wildlife Authority 0772413432

22. Monical Seruma Head of ES Safeguards UNRA [email protected]

MUBENDE DISTRICT LOCAL GOVERNMENT STAKEHOLDERS

23. Kibuuka Amooti District Chairperson/ LC 5, Mubende District Local Government 0759666640

24. Lilian Nakamatte

Chief Administrative Officer, Mubende District Local Government 0702470371

25. Vincent Kinene District Natural Resources Officer

Mubende District Local Government 0772627385

26. Ronald Lotet District Environment Officer Mubende District Local Government 0706339601






mailto:[email protected],[email protected]

mailto:[email protected],[email protected]










27. Wasswa Charles Physical Planner Mubende District Local Government 0702532278

28. Mugume Jethro Chairperson Western Division Mubende District Local Government 0704492309

29. Atuhairwe Annet

Senior Assistant Town Clerk Western Division


30. Irumba Jude Vice Chairperson LCIII Kiyuni Sub-County


31. Nankabirwa Mary Jessica

SAS Mubende District Local Government 0772658163 [email protected]

32. Nantume Justine

Forestry Officer Mubende District Local Government 0782914605

33. Nakibirige Jamil Acting, SLMO Mubende District Local Government 0704535289

34. Kalule Leonard Environmentalist Mubende District Local Government 0779646434

35. Sunday Christopher

Environmentalist Mubende District Local Government 0783281110

36. Wasswa Charles Physical Planner Mubende District Local Government 0704532378

37. Kinene Vincent DNRO Mubende District Local Government 0772827385

38. Michael Wamuntu

DFO Mubende District Local Government 0700166139

39. Kadumye Jackson

Information Officer Mubende District Local Government 0706877903

40. Kaviiri Godfrey DISO Mubende District Local Government 0772381701

41. Mutyaba David K.

District Fisheries Officer Mubende District Local Government 0705980830

42. Baraza Ben SLO Mubende District Local Government 0773361557

43. Ssembatya Joseph

AVO Mubende District Local Government 0772998016

44. Birungi E Zziwa Vice CP LC V Mubende District Local Government 0782829216

45. Kisaakye Frederick

DAO Mubende District Local Government 0772424306

46. Kayiwa Benson DEO Mubende District Local Government 0702438312

47. Dr. Ssematimba James

DVO Mubende District Local Government 0772472304

48. Felix Etum Health Worker Mubende District Local Government 0751153980

49. Nankusu Jane Resident Private person 0784136483

KAGADI DISTRICT LOCAL GOVERNMENT STAKEHOLDERS

50. Alibankoha John Chairperson/ LC 5 Kagadi District Local Government 0783519344

51. Asiimwe Vincent Deputy Chief Administrative Officer

Kagadi District Local Government 0772685520

52. Byoona Gerald District Environment Officer Kagadi District Local Government 0773531725

53. Tibenda Deo District Planner Kagadi District Local Government 0782935100

54. Kazoora J District Internal Security Officer Kagadi District Local Government 0703944511

55. Bamwine Nathan

District Internal Auditor Kagadi District Local Government 0773373953, [email protected]

56. Gonza Francis Xavier

District Production Officer Kagadi District Local Government 0725527178 [email protected]

57. Nkalubo Mathias

Production Officer Kagadi District Local Government 0782454772, [email protected]

58. Basemera Leopald

SAA Kagadi District Local Government 0772454772 [email protected]

59. Katungwensi Kenedy

District Labour Officer Kagadi District Local Government 077986274, [email protected]

60. Mbabazi Beatrice

SEO Kagadi District Local Government 0772644061

61. Kunihira Assumpta

Auditor Kagadi District Local Government 0773700619

62. Nasozi Agatha Records Officer Kagadi District Local Government 0784759400









63. Kaahwa Slyvia intern Kagadi District Local Government 0789363477

64. Magezi Muwonge

District Speaker Kagadi District Local Government 070510900

65. Sunday Eve Clerk to Council Kagadi District Local Government 0773431453

66. Birungi Julliet Deputy Speaker Kagadi District Local Government 0780510900

67. Musinguzi Godfrey

PHRO Kagadi District Local Government 0782401685

68. Natugonza Vincent

Chief Finance Officer Kagadi District Local Government 0772542430

69. D.Olowo James Ag. DHO Kagadi District Local Government 0772574279

70. Isingoma Raphael

Ag. District Planner Kagadi District Local Government 0779551299

71. Nambajje Aloysius

District Councillor Kagadi District Local Government 078202081

72. Kamanyire Julius Chairperson, Kiryanga Sub-County


73. Mugenzi Sam For DNRO Kagadi District Local Government 0772967671

74. Kakyimbiri Augustus

C/PLC III Kagadi District Local Government 0777701675

75. Asiimwe Oliver Secretary for Production and Natural Resources


76. Dr Maate M. Ag DVO Kagadi District Local Government 0782478923

77. Alibankoha John Vice Chairperson LC V Kagadi District Local Government 0783519344

78. Kaahwa Serapio Police Officer Kagadi District Local Government 0782552132

79. Kakara Samuel Crime Preventer Kagadi District Local Government 0788932432

80. W/Sgt Kabasibe Gladys

OC Kiryanga Police Kagadi District Local Government 0782207410

81. Tumwebaze E. CDO Kiryanga Kagadi District Local Government 0780482074

82. Tusiime Gladys CDO Kabamba Kagadi District Local Government 0772323367

83. ASP Owek Romeo

District Police Commander Kagadi District Local Government 0772651520

KIBAALE DISTRICT LOCAL GOVERNMENT STAKEHOLDERS

84. Amara Peter Chairperson/ LC 5 Kibaale District Local Government 0782338838 0702507462

85. Kisembo Araali Resident District Commissioner Kibaale District Local Government 0782584354

86. Muluubya Evarist

Vice CP LC V Kibaale District Local Government No contacts given but name and signature are on attendance list

87. Mr John Nyakahuma

Chief Administrative Officer Kibaale District Local Government 0772462779

88. Balikuddembe Louis

District Natural Resources Officer

Kibaale District Local Government 0772496160

89. Tushabomwe G.A.

Physical Planner Kibaale District Local Government 0772536504

90. Tumuhairwe James

Senior Planner Kibaale District Local Government No contacts given but name and signature are on attendance list

91. Isingoma S. Senior Commercial Officer Kibaale District Local Government No contacts given but name and signature are on attendance list

92. Kabagambe Tobias

Secretary District Service Commission

Kibaale District Local Government No contacts given but name and signature are on attendance list

93. Kajuma Dennis Senior Procurement Officer Kibaale District Local Government No contacts given but name and signature are on attendance list

94. Businge Godfrey Principal Assistant Town Clerk Western Division

Kibaale District Local Government 0782880046

95. Kyamanywa Peter

Chairperson LCIII Kibaale District Local Government 0775170283

96. Asiimwe Stephen


97. Asiimwe Paul Ogenya


98. Kisembo B SAS Kibaale District Local Government 0772933384



99. Gafabusa A Town Clerk Kibaale District Local Government 0782648697

100. Matovu W. Joseph

SAS Kibaale District Local Government 0775286277

101. Asiimwe Stephen

CP LC III Kibaale District Local Government 0772933797

102. Ahabyona Steven


103. Kwebiha Sam SAS Kibaale District Local Government 0774117930

104. Senyonga Vicent SAS Kibaale District Local Government 0783828502

105. Gedi Vincent SC C/P Kibaale District Local Government 0775642493

106. Kyamanywa Peter

LC III CP Kibaale District Local Government 0775170283

107. Ategeka Tebeingana

CP LC III Kibaale District Local Government 0789099635

108. Semyero Joseph DE Kibaale District Local Government 0772870522

109. Nyanzi Kizito SLO Kibaale District Local Government 0775781965

110. Tumusiime Disan

District Speaker Kibaale District Local Government 0782063299

111. Kadandi Lawrence

DLS Kibaale District Local Government 0704542730

112. Nansibo Failosi PS LOO Kibaale District Local Government 0774070008

113. Nakate Julliet SLMO Kibaale District Local Government 0779848466

114. Namijumbi Pauline

District Councillor Kibaale District Local Government 0772861443

115. Zacchaeus Asiimwe


116. Mugerwa Edward


117. Lumu Mike Alfred

DAO Kibaale District Local Government 0772453470

118. Balikudembe Louis

DNRO Kibaale District Local Government 0772496160

119. Kashemeire Animate

SEO Kibaale District Local Government 0772370725

120. Ssebuliba Kizito District Councillor Kibaale District Local Government 0730140786

121. Businge Godfrey PATC Kibaale District Local Government 0782830316

122. Kanyenzi Hope District Councillor Kibaale District Local Government 0773306966

123. Bamulinde A Teacher Kyebando Trading Centre, Kibaale District 0784705829

124. Mpabaisi John Wycliff

Teacher Local 0773575964

125. Semanda Edward

Researcher Local 0783734045

126. Bategeka Frank Farmer Local 0780486010

127. Wembabazi Yeresi

GISO Local 0773522535

128. Kisembo V Chairman Local 0785351443

129. Asaba Robert Teacher Local 0780245179

130. Mugisa Patrick Carpenter Local 0779667213

131. Muhumuza Allan

Chairperson NRM Local 0777761613

132. Kyomya William Teacher Local 0785522049

133. Bukya Emma Icumu (representative of traditional Omukama of Bunyoro Kitara Kindgom

Official 0782743468

134. Tibamwenda School Principal Karuguza Progressive Senior Secondary School 0772694125



KAMWENGE DISTRICT LOCAL GOVERNMENT STAKEHOLDERS

135. Hon Azairwe Dorothy N.

District Woman Member of Parliament (MP), Kamwenge Constituency

Kamwenge District Local Government 0772459896

136. Aggrey Natuhamya

Chairperson/ LC 5 Kamwenge District Local Government 0774985242

137. Amis Masereka Chief Administrative Officer Kamwenge District Local Government 0772591659 [email protected]

138. Nuwamanya Didas

Assistant Chief Administrative Officer


139. Tuhairwe Gertrude

District Community Development Officer


140. Bangirana Phillip Community Development Officer


141. Bakesima Patrick

District Planner Kamwenge District Local Government 0772985080

142. Kasango W. William



143. Ahimbisibwe Dalton

District Forestry Officer Kamwenge District Local Government 0774 005770 [email protected]

144. Magara Nicholas

Senior Environment Officer Kamwenge District Local Government 0772 504183 [email protected]

145. Bakesigaki Stephen

District Fisheries Officer


146. S. Tumwiringire District Education Officer Kamwenge District Local Government 0772611597

147. Nyesigomwe Boaz

CP LCIII Kamwenge District Local Government 0784683328

148. Bakesiima Patrick

District Planner Kamwenge District Local Government 0772985080

149. Tumwiringire Erk

DEO Kamwenge District Local Government 0772611597

150. Kalyegira Anthony

SEO Kamwenge District Local Government 0779215752

151. Bangirana Frank CFO Kamwenge District Local Government 0772556771

152. Ndagiriye K.A. SAS Kamwenge District Local Government 0772857863

153. Binyina K. Kiiza Senior Planner Kamwenge District Local Government 0775644562

154. Komaho Simeon CP LCIII Kamwenge District Local Government 0774783174

155. Dr Kamanyire Alfred

DPMO Kamwenge District Local Government 0782362984

156. Zeresire Stanley CP LC 1 Kamwenge District Local Government 0778461303

157. Keihura Stephen CP LC II Kamwenge District Local Government 0781197922

158. Kagambirwe Benon

CP LC1 Kamwenge District Local Government 0779789270

159. Kandole Richard CP LC 1 Kamwenge District Local Government 0788200813

160. Twesigye Gillian Commercial Officer Kamwenge District Local Government 0776307979

161. Nankunda Catherine

Labour Officer Kamwenge District Local Government 0703104260

162. Baguma Andrew D.E Kamwenge District Local Government 0772373425

163. Fabian Habiyalemye

SEO Kamwenge District Local Government 0772373436

164. Kasoma Christopher

P. P. Kamwenge District Local Government 0774736039

165. Muhwezi Ezra Parish Chief Kamwenge District Local Government 0771690645

166. Asiimwe Innocent

Media Kamwenge District Local Government 0777892912

167. Tummwebaze Denis

For CP LCIII Kamwenge District Local Government 0783007664

168. Kaahwa Charles LC I Buguta Kamwenge District Local Government 0780891491

169. Twinomujuni Expedito

Resident Kamwenge District Local Government 0783353331

170. Tayebwa John VC CP Kamwenge District Local Government 0782451195






171. Kiiza Richard Youth Kamwenge District Local Government 0787285390

172. Kabateraine Musa

CP LC 1 Kamwenge District Local Government 0779636760

173. Mweteisa Godfrey


174. Kyomugabe Dastun


175. Kibamukora Aston


176. Arinaitwe Leuben


177. Barigye Godfrey CP LC 1 Kamwenge District Local Government 0775214042

178. Bamwine David CP LC 1 Kamwenge District Local Government 0780373375

179. Arinaitwe Apollo H/ Inspector for S/Chief Kamwenge District Local Government 0772831109

180. Okumbuke Shaban

CDO / PSMO Kamwenge District Local Government 0785837711

181. Katungyeza Sarah

Sec. CAO Kamwenge District Local Government 0776504474

182. Bangirana Phillip CDO Kamwenge District Local Government 0774090984

183. Arinaitwe Misach

SAS Kamwenge District Local Government 0772833313

184. Mwije Apolllo For CP LC 1 Kamwenge District Local Government 0783935947

185. Kibashemeze Sylivia

VC CP LC III Kamwenge District Local Government 0780967368

186. Basheija Moses CDO Ntara Kamwenge District Local Government 0782949106

187. Abel Kabuye S/C Chief Kamwenge District Local Government 0774591810

188. Byamukama Amos

Labour Officer Nkoma Sub-County & Rwamwanja Refugee

Resettlement 0772243030

189. Arinaitwe Fausta Ward Agent


190. Bigogo Aston CP LC 1 Kamwenge District Local Government 0779811879

191. Taiti Charles CP LC 1 Kamwenge District Local Government 0774771665

192. Golola Gershom Project Assistant Kamwenge District Local Government 0792770096

193. Centenary Specioza SCDO Kataryeba


194. Tumwesigye Lawrence CDO Nkoma


195. Owoyesigire M. AO Nkoma Kamwenge District Local Government 0778983383

196. Katungi Emmanuel P/Chief


197. Ndagiriye C.A. SAS Nkoma Kamwenge District Local Government 0772857863

198. Mugenyi David Sector Commander UNHCR Kamwenge District Local Government 0772342686

199. Kantebbe Dorothy Secretary


200. Musabi Richard Ag. Health Inspector Kateryeba Kamwenge District Local Government 0777332451

201. Nalubowa Pacifique Intern


202. Byamukama Don Sub Accountant


203. Kajura Emmanuel Parish Chief

Religious Organisation 076899270

204. Akakisima Penlope Intern


205. Paul IC Head Office Kampala Lutheran World Federation


206. Rev Rwabishari Head of Parish, Church of Uganda Nkoma Parish


207. Moses Magezi LC Chairperson Biguri Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0783353220

208. Charles Ruhunga

Sub-County Chief Bwizi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0789282245

209. Tumwebaze Denis

Sub-County Speaker Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0783003664

210. Mwesigye EM LCII Chairperson Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0786927382



211. Katembuka Resident Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District No contacts were given but the name and signature appear on the attendance list

212. Mugisha Abdul Resident Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0776280380

213. Kantungamo Chairperson Lyakahungu Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0779091080

214. Yowasi Tumwesigye

Resident Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0776280380

215. Muhwezi George


216. Mbegyehako Resident Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 077606317

217. Milton M. Resident Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0779810879

218. Tumukunde Betty


219. Tunfaho Y Resident Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0785965045

220. Abdallah K Resident Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0773783659

221. Mwebesa R Resident Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0703207369

222. Namatu P Resident Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0773099407

223. Twinomujuni V Resident Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0772265752

224. Turyatunguka T Resident Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District No contacts were given but the name and signature appear on the attendance list

225. Twinomujuni IV Resident Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0751595894

226. Mugisha Fred Resident Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0777120519

227. Acato Jack Resident Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0773654253

228. Kobusheshe I Councillor Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0778988224

229. Kubusu Benon Resident Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0753902311

230. Atungwako David


231. Tujurangane David


232. KashekaEllianta Resident Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0782618228

233. Twebaze James Resident Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0773099312

234. Tumukunde Sam


235. Kwijuka Amos Resident Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0750028933

236. Tandeka Amon Student Lyakahungu Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0783811974

237. Kandole E. Chaiperson LC 1 Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0788200813

238. Mugenyi F Resident Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District No contacts were given but name and signature are on the attendance list

239. Harriet Nyakaisiki

Resident Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District No contacts were given but the name and signature are on the attendance list

240. Bugumayo Resident Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0392941243

241. Monday Resident Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0772878847

242. Kusemererwa Francis

Resident Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0772364015

243. Byaruhanga Emma

Veterinary Doctor Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0773524420

244. Ashaba Grace Resident Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0780947546

245. Makune Joanita Resident Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0787178463

246. Abaho R. Asaph Dairy Farmer Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0779140475

247. Godfrey C Resident Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0778665128

248. Ntwirenabo Obed

Resident Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0780891132

249. Nabaasa Jane Resident Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0778665350

250. Tukamushaba Resident Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0784619170

251. Turyakira Stephen

Pastor Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0781309628

252. Mugisha Resident Kampala B Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0772696987

253. Abraham Resident Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0773962243



254. Kagambirwe Jonah

Subcounty Coord. Kampala B Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0779789270

255. Nshemerirwe J. Resident Bisozi Trading Centre, Kamwenge District 0750936333

256. Happy Pius Mayor Kampala Bigere Sub-County 0775776519


3. Stakeholder Meeting Minutes

3.1 Meetings with National Institutions in Kampala

MINUTES OF STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION MEETING WITH THE NATIONAL ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY (NEMA)

HELD AT NEMA OFFICES, JINJA ROAD, KAMPALA.

2.30 PM - 1 JUNE 2017

Attendance:

NAME POSITION ORGANIZATION AND CONTACT

Mr. Arnold Ayazaki Waiswa Director, Environmental Monitoring &

Compliance

NEMA ([email protected])

Tel: 0772 471 139

Mr. B. Kagumaho Kakuyo Director SDEA ([email protected])

Mr. Jonathan Kingwill Managing Director BPL ([email protected])

Mr. Adolf K. Kabagambe Project Manager SDEA ([email protected])

Agenda

1. Welcome and introductions 2. A brief overview of the project from the ESIA Team 3. Reactions from the key informant (National Environment Management Authority - NEMA) 4. Closing Remarks from the ESIA Team.

Welcome and introduction

Mr Waiswa (Director, Environmental Monitoring and Compliance, NEMA)

Welcomed and assured the ESIA team of full co-operation by NEMA management;

Apologized for the absence of the other members of his team noting that they were currently engaged with preparation of the World Environment Day celebrations. However, they would be available to assist the ESIA team as and when necessary; and

Noted that the activities and outputs of the ESIA assignment are appreciated in as far as they are in consonance with NEMA’s mandate and also complement its activities.

Overview of the project and project site

The ESIA team thanked NEMA for accepting to meet the team at short notice and thereafter provided a brief overview of the

project, its location, objectives, activities and expected outputs.

Response of NEMA

Mr Waiswa:

Reiterated the importance which NEMA attaches to infrastructure projects of this nature, emphasizing the need for

professionalism on the part of the ESIA team;

Observed that according to NEMA, the 33KVA line which is the focus of REA’s distribution line project is a low

environmental impact project. Therefore, unless the project traverses ecologically sensitive areas such as wetlands,


forest and natural features, NEMA does not anticipate any major concerns and in addition, resettlement of communities

is not envisaged either as the project will be based in existing road reserves. He however urged the ESIA Team to work

beyond the boundaries of a project brief in the event that peculiarities hitherto not foreseen do emerge;

Reported that despite the financial challenges and limited budget, NEMA is keen on setting concrete measures for

preserving the environment. Thus, NEMA has accordingly provide substantial inputs in the draft revised NEMA Act

(currently under review by parliament) particularly on aspects of compliance enforcement. He was optimistic that the

impact thereof will be seen and felt both nationally and internationally;

On Public Participation, he recommended that the ESIA team holds adequate discussions with the following

stakeholders:

o Local authorities in the area covered by the project at District and lower level local governments

o National Forestry Authority

o District Environment Officers

o Local Communities including opinion leaders, religious groups likely to be affected both positively and negatively

o Relevant NEMA headquarter staff who will liaise with the ESIA team (namely Mr Jullius Muyizi and Mr Phillip Kato)

for further assistance including availing relevant District Environment Reports and the State of the Environment

Report.

Closing remarks:

In closing, the ESIA team thanked NEMA again for the opportunity to meet to seek their views, concerns and guidance on the

REA project and ESIA assignment. The team requested NEMA for guidelines and regulations on ESIA and Projects briefs, Public

Participation guidelines, recent reports, studies and publications relevant to the project site and any other input they may deem

necessary for the successful implementation of the assignment

Attendance list:


MINUTES OF THE STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION MEETING HELD WITH THE UGANDA WILDLIFE AUTHORITY (UWA) AT THEIR HEADQUARTERS, KIRA ROAD, KAMPALA, UGANDA

2.30 pm - 17 July 2017

AGENDA

1. Introductions 2. A brief overview of the project from the ESIA Team 3. Reactions from the key informants (UWA) 4. Questions and answers 5. Closing Remarks from the EIA Team.

The Attendance list is attached to this minutes

MINUTES

Min. no Minutes Role

1 UWA Deputy Director, Planning welcomed the ESIA team. This was followed by self-

introductions from UWA and ESIA team

UWA & ESIA

2 The ESIA team provided and overview of the REA project, objectives, project site, expected

outputs, ESIA assignment, tasks already completed and purpose of the consultation.

ESIA team

3 UWA has no major concerns about significant impacts or risks from the project because it falls

outside protected areas and will, in any event, be implemented in road reserves in a highly

transformed environment. Nonetheless, overhead power lines often cause injury or death to

migratory birds through electrocution or getting entangled in-between power lines especially

birds with large wing spans. The ESIA team should enquire from local communities about

incidents and locations of bird deaths or injuries caused by the overhead power lines. As a

potential mitigation measure, REA could consider using insulated cables/lines to minimize

death or injury to bird’s due to electrocution. The ESIA team should secure fly way maps for

the project site and incorporate these in the project brief as part of the write-up about the

risks that migratory birds could face within the project site.

Mr. Edgar Buhanga

(Deputy Director

Planning)

Ms. Justin Namara

(Manager EIA/OM)

4 UWA also noted that the project traverses several wetland systems in both Lot 7 and 8 and

will likely impact on the ecological functioning of the systems although to a very limited and

localized extent. The erection of chemically-treated poles in wetlands will likely introduce

these chemical in the wetland’s draining system and ultimately impact aquatic animals

especially amphibians and other aquatic biodiversity. As a potential mitigation measure

against environmental contamination, REA could consider binding the poles in concrete to

prevent leakage of chemicals in the soil and water.

Mr. Edgar Buhanga

4 UWA is aware that there are pockets of natural forests that still remain intact in some parts of

the project site and it's possible they may be habitats for limited numbers of some primate

species. The ESIA team could consider finding out about trends in previous distribution and

gradual disappearance of primates in the general project area as a result of habitat clearance

and removal of natural forest cover to pave way for subsistence agriculture. The ESIA team

may however wish to consult with relevant conservation institutions, for example the Jane

Goodall Institute who may have some reports with trend series data about primate

distribution outside protected areas including in the project site.

Mr. Edgar Buhamba

& Ms. Justine Namara

5 UWA further notes that pieces of electric cables/conductors left behind by construction

workers often end up in the hands of poachers who use them as wire snares to trap wildlife.

REA should therefore ensure that construction workers clean up the project site and remove

all debris of their work.

Mr. Edgar Buhanga

6 REA should endeavour to conduct orientation and sensitization programmes for construction

workers about the dangers and consequences of poaching especially in sections of the project

Ms. Justine Namara


site close to protected areas (Kibaale National Park for example).

7 UWA has not conducted any studies in the project site as it lies outside projected areas. Mr. Edgar Buhanga

8 The ESIA team thanked UWA staff again for the opportunity to meet and provide their views,

suggestions and recommendations about the REA project.

UWA requested to be kept updated on the outcome of the assessment and look forward to

reviewing the Project Brief as soon as they received a copy from REA.

ESIA Team

UWA


MINUTES OF THE STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION MEETING HELD WITH THE NATIONAL FORESTRY AUTHORITY (NFA) AT THEIR HEADQUARTERS, NAKAWA, KAMPALA, UGANDA

10.00 am - 21 July 2017

AGENDA

1. Introductions 2. A brief overview of the project from the ESIA Team 3. Reactions from the key informants (NFA) 4. Closing Remarks from the EIA Team.


MINUTES

Min.

no

Minutes Role

1 Introductions:

NFA EIA & Research Specialist (Mr. Tom Rukundo) welcomed the ESIA team. This was

followed by self-introductions from NFA and ESIA team.

NFA & ESIA

2 Overview of the REA Project

The ESIA team provided an overview of the REA project, objectives, project site, expected


ESIA team

3 Reactions from NFA

NFA has no protected forest reserves that are traversed by the REA project, both in Lot 7

and 8. Although there are some patches of forests within the general area of the project

site, these however, occur far from the routing of the proposed distribution line. NFA

therefore has no concerns about the likelihood of the project impacting negatively on the

forest reserves under their management. NFA has no studies or reports of relevance to the

project site, but they are happy to share with the ESIA team, a map of protected forest

reserves to give the team a sense of the geographical location and extent of these reserves.

(The ESIA team was availed the map at the end of the meeting).

NFA:

Mr. Tom Rukundo

Mr. John Diisi (Coordinator GIS)

Mr. Maxwell Kabi (Ag. Coordinator Forest Utilisation)

4 Closing remarks

The ESIA team thanked the NFA staff for the opportunity to meet and provide their views

about the REA project.

ESIA Team


MINUTES OF THE STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION MEETING HELD WITH THE WETLANDS MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT, MINISTRY

OF WATER AND ENVIRONMENT AT THEIR HEADQUARTERS, LUZIRA, KAMPALA, UGANDA

10.30 am - 25 July 2017

AGENDA

1. Introductions 2. A brief overview of the project from the ESIA Team 3. Reactions from the key informants (Wetlands Management Department) 4. Closing Remarks from the ESIA Team.


MINUTES

Min.

no

Minutes Role

1 Introductions:

The Principal Wetlands Officer (Mr. Richard Kyambadde) welcomed the ESIA team. This

was followed by self-introductions from the Wetlands Management Department and ESIA

team

Wetlands Management

Department & ESIA


The ESIA team provided an overview of the REA project, objectives, project site, expected


ESIA team

3 Reactions from Wetlands Management Department (WMD)

Cumulative Land take: the assessment of likely impacts on wetlands by the distribution lines

and especially the poles and related support structures such as stay blocks should be

guided by the cumulative land take which is a function of the diameter and depth of the

foundation for the poles and stay blocks as well as the total number of poles that traverse

wetlands in both Lot 7 and 8. In addition, tracks constructed to provide access during

construction and subsequent maintenance work are another key consideration in view of

the considerable land take used for such tracks. The Wetlands Management Department

emphasized the point that they are not opposed to the proposed project, but they have an

obligation to account for wetlands and thus recommend that REA take note of the

cumulative land take and possible measures to minimize direct and indirect impacts on the

wetlands systems in the project site.

Mounds of backfill and other source materials: Construction workers often leave behind

mounds of unused backfill marram and other source materials, which are considered as

new features that have been introduced into a wetlands environment. REA should ensure

that the source material and backfill from external environments are, at a minimum, 60%

free of invasive species (seeds for example), which could impact the integrity and ecological

balance of wetlands ecosystems beyond the immediate project site. Efforts to restore

disturbed areas of the wetlands should endeavour to use material that is not external to

the disturbed area.

Dumping and waste disposal: There is a tendency for construction workers to dump unused

materials and waste in wetlands and on occasions, the local communities around the

Wetlands Management

Dept.:

Mr. Richard Kyambadde (Principal Wetlands Officer)

Mr. Sylvano Afai (Regional Wetlands Coordinator North)

Mr. Geoffrey Gokka (Wetlands Officer)

Mr. Gilbert Ituka (Environmental Officer)


project site pick up the habit and also start using wetlands to litter and dump waste. REA

Contractors should sign agreements with the Wetlands Management Department or the

relevant District Local Government to ensure strict compliance regarding waste and waste

disposal within the project site. In particular, Contractors must not construct camps,

storage facilities and maintenance yards around or in the vicinity of wetlands to prevent

run-off, pollution and thus physical and chemical contamination of the wetlands. Further,

the Contractors must have on-site waste disposal facilities within their camps.

Access tracks: REA should avoid as much as possible the construction of access tracks that

traverse wetlands either during the construction phase or for subsequent maintenance of

the distribution lines and support structures. Such tracks are likely to contribute to erosion,

sedimentation and degradation of the water quality within the wetlands especially if the

tracks are poorly maintained and also have inadequate drainage management.

Environmental & Social Management Plan (ESMP): REA should ensure that the ESMP

reflects best management practices for wetlands in respect of: cumulative land take for

poles, support structures, access tracks, construction workers camp location and

managements including waste and waste disposal.

Data and maps: The Wetlands Management Department has relevant maps that they will

avail to the ESIA Team on request. In addition, District Local Governments in the project

site may also have Wetland Management Action Plans which have been integrated into

District Development Plans. The ESIA team is encouraged to liaise with the relevant

Districts to secure these action plans.

4 Closing remarks

The ESIA team thanked the Wetlands Management Department staff for the opportunity to

meet and provide their views about the REA project.

ESIA Team


MINUTES OF THE STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION MEETING HELD WITH THE NATIONAL CROPS RESOURCES RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF THE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH ORGANISATION KAMPALA, UGANDA

2.30 pm - 25 July 2017

AGENDA

1. Introductions 2. A brief overview of the project from the ESIA Team 3. Reactions from the key informant (National Crops Resources Research Institute - NCRRI) 4. Closing Remarks from the ESIA Team.


MINUTES

Min.

no

Minutes Role

1 Introductions:

Self-introductions by Senior Research Officer, NCRRI (Mr. Peter Beine) and ESIA team

NCRRI &

ESIA Team


The ESIA team provided an overview of the REA project, objectives, project site, expected outputs, ESIA

assignment, tasks already completed and purpose of the consultation.

ESIA team

3 Reactions from NCRRI

Invasive alien species spread very rapidly in areas which have been cleared and not properly restored. In the

context of the REA project, land take clearance for poles, support structures and access roads for the construction

of the distribution lines and their maintenance during the operational phase should take due note of the potential

for invasive species to be introduced in the project site. In particular, REA and the Contractors should ensure that

the restoration of the disturbed areas use native source materials or that these materials be sourced from non-

infested areas. REA should ensure that the Contractor engages the services of relevant experts with knowledge and

experience in species identification. Further, there should be regular and proper maintenance of access roads and

road reserves to minimise the likelihood of the spread of invasive species that are particularly aggressive such as

Lantana Camara.

Other invasive species that are particularly aggressive which are therefore worthy of special note in the context of

the REA project include:

Mimosa pigra (local name - mukwewewumbe), Cymbopogonnardus (Citronella grass or local name “mutete”),

Partheniumhisterophorus (famine weed). Both Lantana camara and Mimosa pigra are high-risk invasive species

that spread very aggressively, form dense thickets and displace other vegetation. Senna spectabilis grows very tall

and very rapidly and may therefore cause potential problems to overhead electricity cables and thus lead to high

maintenance costs for REA. This species suppresses other tree species, rapidly becomes dominant and alters the

integrity and diversity of the native plant species. It is therefore particularly dangerous for natural forest cover in

the project site. In lot 8 (Kamwenge), the close proximity of Kibale Forest National Park and the potential impact

this species could have on this resource is an issue that REA and the Contractor should take note of very seriously.

Studies and data: NCRRI has carried out research on invasive alien species in various parts of the country, some of

which may be relevant to the REA project and more specifically to the project site. Many of the reports of these

studies are available online and the ESIA team is encouraged to search the web for those that may be particularly

NCRRI:

Mr. Peter Beine (Senior Research Officer)


relevant to the ESIA assignment.

4 Closing remarks

The ESIA team thanked Mr. Peter Beine for the opportunity to meet and provide their views about the REA project.

ESIA Team


MINUTES OF THE STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION MEETING HELD WITH GENDER AND WOMEN AFFAIRS IN THE MINISTRY OF GENDER, LABOUR AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, KAMPALA, UGANDA

10.00 am - 28 July 2017

AGENDA

1. Introductions 2. A brief overview of the project from the ESIA Team 3. Reactions from the key informants (Gender and Women Affairs, Directorate of Gender and Community Development) 4. Closing Remarks from the ESIA Team.


MINUTES


1 Introductions:

The Assistant Commissioner, Gender and Women Affairs (Ms. Maggie

Kyomukama) welcomed the ESIA team. This was followed by self-introductions

from Gender and Women Affairs and ESIA team

Gender and Women Affairs

ESIA Team


The ESIA team provided an overview of the REA project, objectives, project site,

expected outputs, ESIA assignment, tasks already completed and purpose of the

consultation.

ESIA team

3 Reactions from Gender and Women Affairs

Over the past 3 years, the Ministry has been placing greater attention to addressing negative social impacts of infrastructure projects including production and implementation of a Gender-Based Violence policy as well as programmes to mitigate the impacts

Currently the ministry is developing additional standards and guidelines for all infrastructure projects that will be harmonized with existing standards and guidelines (e.g. OHS)

Social safeguards should be embedded in all stages of infrastructure project cycles

Stakeholder consultations should be inclusive, explore gender disaggregated responsiveness and expectations. These consultations should draw on the services of Community Development Officers who are responsible for community mobilization especially on gender concerns.

The extension of the power to local communities may bring about immediate benefits to some especially those engaged in commercial activities, but access may be beyond the capacities of many rural farming homesteads.

Messaging and sensitization should be made more user-friendly and easy to understand. It should be an on-going process.

Management of compensation for loss of property, wherever applicable should take due consideration of gender concerns – in most cases compensation is gender insensitive and leads to destabilization of families

Labour influx associated with infrastructure projects has the potential to cause serious social ills and impacts including gender-based violence (physical, sexual, emotional, economic, rape), defilement of minors, abuse and exploitation of sexual workers. Women and children are the most vulnerable. The ministry is very active in promoting prevention measures to mitigate these impacts, largely through targeted training, sensitization, empowerment approaches, etc.

Employment of local unskilled and skilled works should also be gender sensitive and offer equal opportunities especially to women including implementation of a policy of equal pay for equal work.

Gender & Women Affairs:

Ms. Maggie Kyomukama

(Assistant Commissioner


Construction of workers campsites should have facilities for women as well. Women workers tend to avoid camps because of poor facilities for female employees.

In terms of positive impacts or benefits, the project will lead to improved security in the growth centres because of better lighting, enhanced academic performance and outcomes, provision of improved long-term maternal health care from health centres connected to the power grid.

REA should endeavour to monitor and assess the benefits of the project through implementation and beyond.

4 Closing remarks

The ESIA team thanked the Gender and Women Affairs staff for the opportunity to


ESIA Team


Meeting held with Principal Occupational Hygienist, Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development, 1 August 2017,

Kampala

Meeting held with Name

Barbara Khayongo

Designation

Principal Occupational Hygienist

Purpose of meeting: To obtain technical and social economic input into the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment

process for the proposed lot 7 and 8 medium and low voltage lines in the Kamwenge, Kagadi, Kibaale

and Mubende Districts

Date held & Place: 1st August 2017

Office of the occupational Hygienist

Present: Ms. Namutosi Olivia, sociologist (GIDS)

Ms. Khayongo Barbra (OSH)

Summary of issues raised

She expressed concern about the kind of wires that will be used and whether these will be affected by weather.

Consideration of height of the line from the ground should be taken into consideration to ensure safety of communities around.

She advised that baseline radiation levels should be taken and monitored regularly to ascertain that they are within permissible

levels. She emphasised that during community meetings the safe zone from the line should be communicated.

The company nominated to do the construction should obtain a certificate of registration of work place.

A risk assessment of activities should be undertaken to enable appropriate mitigation measures to be suggested before the

project starts.

A health and safety officer should be part of the Contractor’s team whose work will be supported by a safety committee with

representatives from workers and the community. The HS officer should be directly linked to top management to reduce on

intrusive procedures that often delay decision making.

Safety and health trainings and tool box meetings should be conducted regularly and records of these kept.

REA should have oriented communities of the risks associated with power and how to avoid them before the lines are

commissioned.

Since the project doesn’t have a package for compensation, it is likely that some complaints will arise. A clear grievance redress

mechanism should be in place to handle complaints from the community and workers.

The project involves lifting of heavy materials pre-and post-employment routine checking of workers should be done paying

attention to muscle skeletal disorder.

In regard to terms of employment she stated that contracts should be given to all employees stating among others

remuneration, clear terms of employment annual leave workers compensation and work schedules among others.

The Contractor should have all relevant management plans such as gender, HIV, child protection, waste management among

others.

She stressed that the Contractor should have a clear accident register to ensure their timely reporting, investigation and

institutional control measures to avoid future occurrences.

All workers should be provided with adequate and appropriate PPE.

The Contractor should conduct an ergonomic assessment to guide him on the number of workers required for the project.

She indicated that when a project of this nature is in an area people’s expectations are high in regard to employment therefore

project host communities should be given priority adding that this saves the company resources.

Continuous sensitisation of construction workers about refraining from use of abusive and vulgar language should be done

throughout the project cycle.

Welfare facilities i.e. mobile toilets, washrooms should be provided taking into consideration gender aspects.

Concerning she noted that construction waste management should be planned for during project planning.


MINUTES OF THE STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION MEETING HELD WITH THE MINISTRY OF TOURISM WILDLIFE & ANTIQUITIES, KAMPALA, UGANDA

10.00 am – 4 August 2017

AGENDA

1. Introductions 2. A brief overview of the project from the ESIA Team 3. Reactions from the key informants (Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife and Antiquities – MTWA) 4. Closing Remarks from the ESIA Team.


MINUTES


1 Introductions:

The Senior Economist, MTWA (Mr. Newton Akiza) welcomed the ESIA team. This

was followed by self-introductions from MOTW, the Department of Museums and

Monuments and the ESIA team

Mr. Newton Akiza (Senior

Economist)

Mr. Jackie Besigye (Senior

Conservator, Department of

Museums and Monuments)

Ms. Berna Namugwanya

(Wildlife Officer)


The ESIA team provided an overview of the REA project, objectives, project site,

expected outputs, ESIA assignment, tasks already completed and purpose of the

consultation.

ESIA Team

3 Reactions from MTWA and Department of Museums & Monuments:

The Ministry and more specifically the Department of Museums and Monuments has identified and mapped 650 national monuments and cultural heritage sites across the country. These have been classified into 4 categories: archaeological; paleontological (fossil remains); historical (monuments); traditional (shrines, burial sites, kingdom structures and artefacts, etc.)

These have all been gazetted and are thus protected and managed either by government (especially national monuments) or communally by respective kingdoms or local cultural entities. For most of the sites that are managed by the local communities, the Ministry is in the process of acquiring land titles for these sites in order to empower the communities to accord additional protection to the sites.

Infrastructure projects such as roads, dams, electricity transmission and distribution lines can generate negative impacts through the destruction or damage of PRCs although efforts are usually undertaken to reroute the projects, relocate the sites and/or provide compensation wherever appropriate. The REA project should therefore take every precaution to consult the PCR database to ensure that the proposed distribution line project will not interfere with any PCRs in the project area.

Further consultation with the National Museums and a search of the PCR database did not reveal the presence of any national monuments or cultural heritage sites along the proposed routing for the distribution lines.

Mr. Newton Akiza

Ms. Jackie Besigye

Ms. Sarah Musalizi (Research

Officer, Cultural Heritage,

National Museums)

4 Closing remarks

The ESIA team thanked the MTWA and Museums staff for the opportunity to


ESIA Team


MINUTES OF THE STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION MEETING HELD WITH THE UGANDA NATIONAL ROADS AUTHORITY (UNRA) KAMPALA, UGANDA

2.00 pm – 4 September 2017

AGENDA

1. Introductions 2. A brief overview of the project from the ESIA Team 3. Reactions from the key informant (UNRA) 4. Closing Remarks from the ESIA Team.


MINUTES

Min.

no

Minutes Role

1 Introductions:

Self-introductions by the Head, Environment and Social Safeguards, UNRA

(Ms. Monicah Elizabeth Seruma) and ESIA team

UNRA & ESIA Team


The ESIA team provided an overview of the REA project, objectives,

project site, expected outputs, ESIA assignment, tasks already completed

and purpose of the consultation.

ESIA team

3 Reactions from UNRA

UNRA is responsible for national trunk roads whilst the District Local

Governments and Sub-County Governments are responsible for

District roads and community access roads respectively. The only

trunk roads that are closest to the project site and which are currently

being upgraded by UNRA are Mubende-Kakumiro-Kibaale, and

Kyenjonjo-Kagadi-Hoima.

The size of the Right of Way (carriage way and road reserve) varies

depending on the class of roads. For national trunk roads, the Right of

Way measures 30 meters (thus the road reserve is taken to measure

15 meters from the Centre line of the road to either side of the road).

UNRA has plans to increase the Right of Way for main trunk roads

from 30m to 60 m.

For District roads, the Right of Way measures 15 meters, whilst for

community access roads the figure is 7 meters.

Compensation for loss of property and crops is a recurring issue

amongst local communities irrespective of the class of roads. The

marking of road reserves for District and community access roads

should therefore be carried out by the District Local Government

Engineer. The District officials should also carry out comprehensive

NCRRI:

Ms. Monicah E.

Seruma (Head,

Environment and

Social Safeguards)


sensitization activities on an on-going basis to appraise the local

communities of the dimensions of the road reserves.

UNRA invests in planting trees in road reserves in some locations and

therefore calls on REA to ensure that construction workers for the

erection of the proposed distribution lines do not clear these trees or

woodlots without consulting UNRA.

4 Closing remarks

The ESIA team thanked Ms. Monicah Seruma for the opportunity to meet

and provide their views about the REA project.

ESIA Team


3.2 Meetings with District and Sub-County Officials

Meeting held with Kamwenge District and Sub-County officials

Date: 10th

/7/2017

Meeting Location: Kamwenge District Council Hall, Kamwenge District Headquarters

Participants: ESIA Team and District Administration& Technical Officials, Political leadership and other stakeholders (full list

appended)

District: Kamwenge

Purpose of meeting: To obtain biophysical and social economic input into the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment

process for the proposed medium and low voltage power lines.

Summary of Discussion

Woman M.P Kamwenge

Indicated that there are many rural growth centres along the proposed routes that will benefit from the project. The Member of Parliament also mentioned that there are a number of institutions and social facilities that are likely to benefit, and improved service delivery will be realised.

It was noted during the meeting that the main social economic activity in the area is farming and main crops grown include; maize, beans, Irish potatoes, bananas, sorghum pineapples oranges and mangoes. Power extension will lead to diversification of the area economic activities.

It was indicated that a number of cottage industries such as coffee haulers, maize mills, milk coolers and metal work already exist in the area but currently rely on diesel generators for power. Extending power to such areas would boost production and value addition which in turn fetches more income for farmers. Other activities such as saloons and stationery shops would also emerge.

Regarding community expectations and perceptions, the area woman M.P noted that intensive sensitisation has to be conducted because the project does not have a compensation package. She added that respective area leaders and the District should be involved at all stages of project activities.

Pledge support for the projects - political leadership will support the project since they have yearning for electricity for a long time. There is need to sensitize the community on issues of compensation so that the project does not stall.

L.C V Chairperson

He noted that Kamwenge District has a whole constituency without electricity meaning that most institutions like schools, Health centres have no access to power which limits service delivery.

Many farmers need water for production but cannot afford fuel pumps, so extension of power is likely to enhance production.

During the meeting, it was indicated that previous distribution lines implemented by REA damaged people’s crops but were never compensated although assessment was done.

CAO, Kamwenge

EIA is very important as it helps to identify issues of the community and negative impacts of projects on the environment.

District technical committee will provide the necessary information to the consultant to enable him to complete the assignment in time.

DCDO

The meeting noted that there is need for massive community sensitization on HIV/AIDS.

Concern was expressed about the Contractor’s workers who use vulgar language. It was suggested that REA should ensure that use of such language is prohibited because it is not culturally acceptable.

Fear was expressed about the likelihood of the Contractor’s workers indulging in sexual relations with under-aged girls and married women. This they said is common because Contractor’s workers have relatively higher disposable income compared to community members.

The need to involve the District Community Development Officer in the implementation of the project was cited. This they


said would go a long way to minimise negative social impacts.

They expressed concern about vegetation loss through way leave clearance and suggested that a restoration plan be prepared with clear activities before project implementation.

Likely displacement of some individuals was mentioned and need for compensation under such circumstances was expressed.

Some community road reserves are not clearly marked and are perceived as individual land so expectations about compensation are likely to arise.

Workers should have contracts to minimise incidents of exploitation.

Recommendations

A sociologist should be part of the implementation team to ensure that social issues are handled satisfactorily.

The developer should ensure that all necessary plans such as child protection plan, gender action plan and HIV management plans are prepared before for implemented.

District and local leaders should be involved throughout the entire project period.

The project has been designed to fallow the road reserve and in circumstances where this is not possible, compensation on a case by case approach will be considered.

They were informed that the project is World Bank funded and the bank has keen interest in social and environmental issues and these will be addressed fully before implementation


Meeting held with Kagadi District and Sub-County officials

Date: 12th

/7/2017

Meeting Location: Kagadi District Council Hall, Kagadi District Local Government Headquarters

Participants: ESIA Consultancy team and District Administration & Technical Officials, Political leadership and other stakeholders

(full list appended)

District: Kagadi



Summary of key issues raised

The District and Sub-County officials wanted to know if all government facilities and institutions along the proposed power route have been considered under this network.

It was noted that much as the project will be within the road reserve, some facilities are likely to be established on private land, so they wanted to know if compensation would be considered under such circumstances.

District officials also suggested that there are major towns such as Kiryanga, Kabamba and Kiryaisoke which are expanding rapidly that they think should be considered for power extension under this project.

It was mentioned that Districts usually have planned activities, so consideration should be made to synchronise the proposed power line and any other developments that could be along the road reserve.

They noted that poles are often placed too close to the roads which cause disruption in power supplies in case of major road work. It was stressed that the line should be planned to bear in mind such activities.

As leaders, they indicated that further sensitisation should be conducted with all lower local government leaders so that they pass on correct information to the communities.

Vulgar language of construction workers was noted during the meeting and this they said is not culturally acceptable.

They expressed fear about luring under-aged girls into sexual relations which could lead to early pregnancies, increased school dropout rates and exposure to HIV/AIDS.

During recruitment of project personnel, priority should be given to qualified and skilled community members. Recommendations/responses

Officials were informed that the consultant team has been hired to assess the potential impacts of the proposed line which team did not participated in line route mapping/identification.

All major towns’ development plans will be reviewed to ensure that the ESIA report properly guides the proposed development.

The consultation process will be on-going throughout the project cycle

The Contractor will have an environmentalist and sociologist to manage issues that are likely to arise because this is mandatory.

Concluding remarks

They expressed gratitude about the stakeholder engagement approach and noted that all leaders will put in all necessary effort

to ensure that project objectives are achieved. The project is in line with the national development plan where infrastructure is

emphasised.


Meeting held with Kibaale District and Sub-County officials

Date: 12th

/7/2017

Meeting Location: Kibaale District Council Hall, Kibaale District Headquarters

Participants: ESIA Team and District Administration & Technical Officials, Political leadership and other stakeholders (full list

appended)

District: Kibaale




It was mentioned that the proposed designs indicate that line breaks at some point yet there is no existing line to which the new lines will be connected.

In regard to compensation it was stressed that rural roads do not have clearly marked reserves, so compensation may not be ruled out.

They noted that HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases are likely to increase in the area due to population influx. They said construction workers could lure married women, students and under-aged girls into sexual relations leaving impacts that will last long after the project is implemented.

Instances of gender-based violence could increase. This they said is likely to arise when women work for long hours thereby neglecting their domestic responsibilities. Men could also be overworked leading to failure to perform their marital duties which could cause marriage breakdown.

Another issue of concern raised was that of the vulgar language used by construction workers. This is not culturally acceptable, so they demanded that REA provides a strict code of conduct to construction workers.

They expressed that there are many rural growth centres that have not been included in the proposed network. These they said have existing social facilities including with a planned world bank funded school at Bubumba. They cited that Kibaale has growth centres are continuously developing and the planning process should take these into consideration.

Local people should be given priority during the recruitment exercise for posts for which skills are locally available.

Comprehensive stakeholder consultations should be held so that everyone is brought on board. Intensive sensitization will instil a sense of ownership and allay fears about compensation and displacement.

It was envisaged that cottage industries such as maize mills, milk processing would be established with extension of power in the area.

Recommendations/ responses

District officials were informed that the proposed power line will follow the road reserve to the extent possible and compensation will only be considered on a case by case basis where facilities such as transformers may require more land or in instances where there are physical obstacles that call for diversion from the rod reserve.

Stakeholder consultation and community sensitization will be an ongoing process throughout the project cycle.

Local content provision will be adhered too and is a condition for award of projects funded by World Bank. For this reason, this will be stated in the contract and adhered to during project implementation.

In regard to the use of vulgar language the meeting was informed that this has been noted by REA and all Contractors will be warned against this social vice and a strict code of conducted issued.

Each worker shall be obliged to sign and comply with the Code of Conduct for workers

All relevant plans will be prepared to ensure that social and environmental issues are well managed throughout the project cycle. An environment and social safeguard specialist will be hired by the project proponents to oversee environment and social issues respectively.


Meeting held with Mubende District and Sub-County officials

Date: 14/7/2017

Meeting Location: Mubende District Council Hall, Mubende District Headquarters.

Participants: ESIA Team and District Administration & Technical Officials, Political leadership and other stakeholders (full list

appended)

District: Mubende





He noted that power lines have sparked development in areas where power was extended and expected the same for areas were power extension is planned.

Concern was expressed about lack of information sharing between the District and consultants which they said limits their ability to objectively participate in project monitoring.

They wanted to know the role of local government

In regard to the use of vulgar language, District officials indicated that this is widely used by line construction workers, but it is not culturally acceptable. This should be discouraged, and measures should be put in place to ensure that culprits are punished.

Trees will be cut, and restoration should be planned for together with the District forestry officer

He pointed out that projects designs are too rigid, and this leaves some institutions like schools, worship centres and health centres end up not being covered under the proposed network.

All mitigation measures stated in EIA report should be implemented. The Contractor should supervise to mitigate negative socioeconomic impacts.

The Contractors and their employees should be sensitized about HIV/AIDS.

District Environment Officer

EIA reports never reach the District Natural Resources Department for review.

Contractors should be encouraged to buy some materials like poles from the local community.

Sub-County Chief, Kiyuni

She needed to know the roles of the Sub-County staff in the project implementation.

Use of vulgar language by the Contractors should be prohibited.

Expressed that there is need to consider local people for non-skilled labour because it is readily available. This she said would instil a sense of ownership for the project by community members.

Indicated that some building along the road that are likely to be affected and she wanted to know what would happen.

They mentioned that REA should provide enough transformers to ensure continuous supply of electricity noting that in some instances power seems to be too dim.

They wanted to know how safety of community members with homesteads near the electricity lines will be ensured

Need to engage the Sub-County Community Development Officer in sensitization of the community about the project.

RDC, Mubende

Electricity will help to transform the lives of the rural poor in a positive way

Theft of electrical materials like wires, cables, transformers. There is need to sensitize the community and Contractor’s employees

REA needs to share information with the District technical staff and political leadership to ensure efficient implementation of the project.

He proposed that local content principals should be promoted during project implementation. This he said enhances


the community’s sense of project ownership and reduces on the likelihood of community members vandalising project materials.

Chairperson, L.C V

The ESIA report findings should be brought back to the District to be discussed by council and technical staff.

He indicated that rural roads do not have clearly marked reserves and this could hike community expectations about compensations because such sections are perceived as individually owned.

Involve the District officials in project implementation because they know the District better.

Let all the trading centres along the line be considered during project implementation DISO, Mubende

He cited the need to change community attitude towards government projects (communities don’t appreciate government projects unless they provide immediate individual financial benefits)

REA should share information about the project with all stakeholders to minimise inconsistence in information provided to communities from different sources.

Consultations should be held with all stakeholders to ensure that comprehensive views are obtained before project implementation.

Vice Chairperson L.CV

Wanted to know if there is an opportunity for power distribution to extend to other areas other than the intended Sub-County adding that there are some activities such as gold mining that are in areas which have been excluded

The Contractors should avoid indulging in sexual relations with under-aged girls and married women.

Expressed fear about the likely increase in occurrence of broken marriage and stressed that this should be minimised because such losses cannot be compensated for by the project proponents.

The need to procure some materials such as poles was mentioned because there are several tree growers in the District. This increases project accountability.

Requested that adequate information about the project be provided so as to comprehensively understand it.

Indicated that communities demand for outrageous amounts in instances where compensation is considered so no monetary ways should be considered.


3.3 Meetings with Community Informants in Trading Centres

Stakeholder Issues raised Remarks

Lyakahungu

Trading Centre,

Kamwenge District

10/July/2017

Power extension will lead to development of the area by increasing business

Electricity will enable community members to open up small scale industries like maize milling, welding and metal fabrication, milk cooling.

Will there be compensation in case property is damaged?

Electricity should be provided at cheaper rate since rural communities are poor.

The distribution line should be extended to Bihanga Health Centre II which is 2.5km from Lyakahungu TC.

Community members should be sensitised on how to use electricity to prevent accidents that may be fatal.

power rate will be determined by the Contractor chosen by REA

Consideration on a case by case basis will be made.

ESIA Team to recommend change of the line design to cover Bihanga H/C II.

Community members will be sensitized by REA on how to use electricity before the line starts operating.


Bisozi Trading

Centre, Kamwenge

District

11/July/2017

Communities need electricity to boost the current economic activities such as milk coolers, petrol stations, maize mills that require power.

Need to sensitise the community on how to acquire electricity

How will the proposed power be extended to people’s homes?

Will compensation be given if one has an established development within the road reserve?

They indicated that the project is long overdue.

The community was informed that government is pursuing one of its development objectives of poverty alleviation through the rural electrification Project.

REA will construct and handover the line to service providers who will then supply power to individuals on request/application.

The line will follow existing road reserves as much as possible but in areas where this is not possible then consideration for


compensation will be made on a case by case basis.

Nkoma Sub-

County,

Kamwenge District

11/July/2017

They expressed the need for electricity to pump water for irrigation since the area is water stressed and some people walk for a distance of up to 5km in search of water.

People need electricity for lighting since 90% of the population in the area use paraffin which is dangerous to their health

It was noted that Rwamwanja Health Centre III has been up graded to health centre IV but does not have electricity.

The Sub-County has a challenge of rapid population growth which increases the demand for services. Power will improve service delivery especially in the health and education sectors. The Sub-County hosts about 70,000 refugees

It was indicated that there are a number of trading centres that are likely to benefit from the project.

The ESIA Team will recommend that the design team provides adequate transformers in the area.

The meeting was informed that findings of the study will be compiled and submitted to NEMA for approval before construction starts.

Sensitization will be an ongoing exercise.


It was envisaged that the project will create employment during and after construction. They suggested that community members should be given priority during the recruitment process.

Indicated that land is owned under the customary tenure system

Settlement Commander, Rwamwanja

Indicated that there are planned developments such as a vocational institute, schools, health centres and economic activities that require electricity.

Refugees are being provided with loans to open up small scale industries in nearby trading centres, so the project will enhance these activities.

Canon, Nkoma Church of Uganda

The project will boost service delivery especially in health centres, schools

The project will also create employment opportunities to the youth through opening up businesses like salons, welding workshops,

L.C III Chairperson

The project will enhance development in area since it will create more jobs

The Sub-County environment focal official noted that the project will lead to clearing of trees which should be replaced.

They wanted to know when the proposed project is likely to start


Kampala “B”

Trading Centre,

Kamwenge District

11/July/2017

Power extension will enable locals set up maize mills in the area which could lead to initiation of other projects such as poultry and piggery that use bran as feeds.

REA should provide electricity at a cheaper price since most locals are poor.

Need to streamline issues of compensation where people’s crops that are not in road reserve are destroyed by the line.

Likely increase in the HIV prevalence due to interaction of construction workers and community members.

In case private property outside the reserve is encroached on by project activities, REA will compensate on Case by Case basis.

The stakeholders declined to sign the attendance list because of fear the list would be used by the project to acquire

people’s land/properties without compensation.

Kichucuura

Primary School,

Kagadi District

13/July/2017

Electricity will provide more job opportunities in the area.

Services such as maize grinding, welding will be brought nearer to the people because electricity will be available.

Need to re-design the electricity line and take power to people who can afford it.

What is the cost of wiring a house?

Need to train community on best practices of handling electricity.

What will the price of each unit when the line is finished?

The cost of wiring is determined by a technical person who carries out the activity of wiring.

The cost of the Unit is set by the Electricity Regulatory Authority ERA and the area service provider will inform you of the that cost.


The Sociologist and Project Manager confirm that approximately 15 people attended.

Bugwara Trading

Centre, Kagadi

District

13/July/2017

The community expressed concern about the vulgar language used by Contractor’s workers which is not culturally acceptable.

They emphasised that there will be needed to sensitize community members about proper use of power to avoid electrical accidents that could be fatal or lead to loss of property

Fear of being infected with HIV and STIs through sexual relations with construction workers. Such relations they stressed could lead to family disintegration

A strict code of conduct will be recommended

An HIV/AIDS management plan to be prepared and a sociologist hired to ensure implementation of social safeguards.



Kasimbi Trading

Centre, Kibaale

District

13/July/2017

Sensitization about power use should be conducted to minimise incidences of electrocution among the community

Sanitation about safe power use will be conducted by REA before commissioning the line.



Nyamarwa Trading

Centre, Kibaale

District

13/July/2017

Communities are eagerly awaiting power since there are many institutions such as schools, health centres and individual community members that require power.

The area has plans for piped water project, therefore extending power will ensure availability of water in these settings.

Businesses will be improved because with electricity people are able to start up new ventures like selling cold beverages, frying popcorn, making yoghurt etc.

Electricity is certainly desired by residents.



Kyebando Trading

Centre, Kibaale

District

13/July/2017

Varied socio-economic development comments, as reflected before.

Masenge Trading

centre, Kibaale

District

13/July/2017

The community expressed happiness and pledged support for the project

They indicated that power will enhance development of income generating activities in the area.

Expressed fear about the size and capacity of transformers supplied which they said sometimes does not match area power requirements.

Informed that an electrical engineer is part of the team and will give appropriate recommendations


Lwebyayi Trading

Centre, Mubende

District

14/July/2017

Community members wanted to know if there will be compensation in case people’s property is destroyed.

They inquired about the type of houses that qualify to receive electricity.

Based on the map it appears like power will end in trading centres. How will areas out of the TC get connected?

Community members indicated that the main economic activity is farming, and major crops include; maize, coffee, beans and bananas. Extension of power will ensure value addition which will earn them more income.

It was noted that there will be improvement in service delivery in the medical and education sectors because some medicines require constant refrigeration.

They wanted to know if local people will be employed

People should be notified before the project commences.

Compensation will be on a case by case basis.

All houses qualify to receive electricity as long as they are wired by a qualified technician.

REA will only bring power to the trading centres and the rest will be done by a utility service provider in the area.

For non-technical work, community members will be given priority during recruitment.



Appendix B Fieldwork Summary

A summary of the fieldwork conducted is detailed below:

Team Participants Tasks Completed

Fieldtrip #1: Reconnaissance Trip

3 – 5 June 2017

4 people, 3 days

1. Project Team Director / Environmental Expert

2. Project Technical Director/ Environmental Expert

3. Electrical Infrastructure Technician

4. Project Manager

General team acclimatization with and appreciation of the Project Site and scope of the assignment to inform the Inception Report, and the subsequent planning of the baseline surveys and outputs of the assignment;

A fair representation of the Project Site (50% of Lot 7 and 40% of Lot 8) visited, assessed to inform approach and methodology, survey tools etc., for subsequent baseline surveys evolved;

GIS and other data availed by the Client harmonized with the actual status of data and information obtained on site on the ground, data and information requirements identified and planned for;

Basic stakeholders identified, and communication channels established;

Initial stakeholder mapping (category locations, contacts, preliminary issues and impacts) necessary for subsequent comprehensive surveys identified and overall planning of the assignment undertaken;

Expert task assignment and deployment for the subsequent baseline surveys planned and team accordingly re-aligned

Indicative logistical resource requirements assessed and plan for the subsequent baseline surveys made;

Comprehensive planning for project mapping undertaken; and

Inception Report planned.

Fieldtrip #2: Biodiversity Baseline Survey and Stakeholder Mapping

23 - 28 June 2017

3 people, 5 days

1. Ecologist

2. Research Assistant

3. Project Manager

Biodiversity baseline survey conducted, baseline and impact data obtained;

Comprehensive stakeholder mapping undertaken, consultation and participation plan developed;

Logistical and resource plan for subsequent surveys and work made; and

Fieldwork Biodiversity Impact Assessment Report prepared and delivered.

Fieldtrip #3: Land Use, Environment, Social Baseline Assessment and Stakeholder Consultation

07 - 15 July 2017

6 people,

8 days

1. Project Director

2. Sociologist

3. Environmental/ Land Use Expert

4. GIS Expert

5. Electrical Engineer

Entire length of the Project Site including all load centres/trading centres, tee-offs, visited and GPS coordinates recorded;

Comprehensive stakeholder meetings held at District and community levels, views, minutes, record of proceedings (minutes, photos, attendance lists, etc.) obtained;

Socio-economic baseline data obtained;

Infrastructure (MV and LV lines and related accessories, current and planned line alignment) reviewed and technical data to inform the final designs and project brief obtained;


Team Participants Tasks Completed

6. Project Manager

Environmental data, land-use, technical information, GPS coordinates and other data and information relevant to Project Brief preparation obtained;

Actual situation on ground harmonised with terms of reference, scope of assignment, technical documents and other contract provisions;

Other information (that is not part of the terms of reference and scope but deemed important to act on and recommend to the Client) arising from stakeholder consultations and demand by the local community and political leadership obtained;

Selected sites, infrastructure and locations though outside the project scope, but identified by stakeholders (residents and political leaders) as having socio-economic potential visited. They include a place in Lot 7: Kiryanga Sub-County and Health Centre III; and

Field data and information corroborated through additional stakeholder meetings, follow-up emails, telephone calls with relevant bodies at national and District levels, literature review and internet sources.

TOTAL person.days in the field

75 person.days


Appendix C Photographs

Photographs of environmental and social features in the site, as well as stakeholder consultation in

the field.


1. P

roje

ct

Site:

Sens

itive

Envi

ron

men

tal

Feat

ures

Photo 1: Lantana camara, an exotic weed near Kaberebere TC in Lot 8, is present

in numerous other locations along the existing route.

Photo 2: Typical wetland vegetation, including Papyrus to mixed stands with

Typha, Phragmites, and Miscanthedium.

Photo 3: Existing Euphobia hedgerows alongside road form socio-economic

function for dairy farming (Lot 8) and should be retained.

Photo 5: Place final route on open side of the road.

Photo 6: Maize gardens interspersed with grasses of Panicum maximum and

native trees of Albizia coriaria.

Photo 4: Older natural trees (Senna spectabilis, Pennisetum, Purpureum, Albizia coriaria) and natural forest vegetation cover must be retained at all cost.


2. Project Site: Sensitive Socio-Economic Features

Photo 1: Grinding facilities currently powered by diesel generators (Lyakahungu

TC, Lot 8).

Photo 2: Maize is traded out of the Project Area (Lyakahungu TC, Lot 8).

Photo 3: Small fuel dispensers (Bisozi TC, Lot 8) currently use diesel generators to

produce electricity to pump fuel.

Photo 4: Bananas and eucalyptus woodlots (Bwizi TC, Lot 8) provide good cash

crops.

Photo 5: Wood working operations are established in trading centres, like here in

Mijutujju TC in Lot 8.

Photo 6: The Mosque at Biguri TC in Lot 8.

Photo 7: The Church at Biguri TC in Lot 8.

Photo 8: Metal work operations in trading centres use diesel generators to

produce electricity (Biguri TC, Lot 8).


Photo 9: Water kiosk providing clean water to Malere TC in Lot 8.

Photo 10: Cassava crops grown close to the road.

Photo 11: Maize crops grown alongside the road.

Photo 12: Thirty (30) schools are along the proposed project route (St. Adrea

School, Mugoiia TC, Lot 7).

Photo 13: Old trees and natural forest vegetation cover (near Kasimbi TC, Lot 7)

must be retained at all cost.

Photo 14: Private woodlots of Pine sp. and Eucalyptus sp., commonly also occur

along the road, in places.

Photo 15: Commercial development in trading centres will continue to grow, with

the provision of electricity.

Photo 8: Grain milling, using a diesel generator, Kibaale District, 14 July 2017.


3. S

take

hold

er

Con

sulta

tion

Photo 1: Kamwenge District Headquarters Meeting, 10 July 2017.

Photo 2: Team consults with District Community Development Officer (left) in

Kamwenge, 10 July 2017.

Photo 3: Focussed group meetings with Ntara Sub-County Community

Development Officers, Kamwenge, 10 July 2017.

Photo 4: Meeting with PAPs, Layakahungu TC, Lot 8, 11 July 2017.

Photo 5: Meeting with Nkoma Sub-County and Rwamwanja Refugee

Resettlement Officials, 11 July 2017.

Photo 6: Heated debates in Kampala B TC (Lot 8) on compensation, 12 July 2017.

Photo 7: Meeting held with PAPs in Kampala B TC, 11 July 2017.

Photo 8: Kigaadi District Headquarters Meeting, 12 July 2017.


Photo 9: Kibaale District Headquarters Meeting, 12 July 2017.

Photo 10: Team consults with PAPs under the local mango tree, Kisalizi TC in Lot

7, 13 July 2017.

Photo 11: Focussed discussions held with PAPs, Kisalizi TC, 13 July 2017.

Photo 12: Mubende District Headquarters Meeting, 12 July 2017.


Appendix D Mapping

1. Refer to the set of maps developed in this study, including the Locality Map, Project Site Map and 25 Strip

Maps, as follows:

a) Locality Map;

b) Project Site Map Lot 7;

c) Project Site Map Lot 8;

d) Wetland Area Map Lot 7;

e) Wetland Area Map Lot 8;

f) Strip Maps Lot 7 (1 Grid Cover Map, 14 Strip Maps); and

g) Strip Maps Lot 8 (1 Grid Cover Map, 11 Strip Maps).

2. Technical GIS Mapping Note.

a) All co-ordinates in this report are provided in GCS WGS 1984 Decimal Degrees, using WGS 1984 as the

datum. All GIS and mapping data has been projected into WGS 1984 UTM Zone 36N, according to the

following specifications:

Projection: Transverse Mercator

Datum: WGS 1984

False Easting: 500 000.0000

False Northing: 0.0000

Central Meridian: 33.0000

Scale Factor: 0.9996

Latitude of Origin: 0.0000

Units: Meter

b) The baseline mapping and publication of the Strip Maps was conducted at a scale of 1:25,000, thus

providing an indication of sensitive environmental and social features that may be affected by the

proposed project.

c) The available designs have been based on survey information collected with handheld GPS device,

typically with accuracy of 3 to 5m at any given time. With linear developments and differing survey times,

inaccuracies can compound. Spatial accuracy is thus estimated at between 5 to 10m, yet could be in the

scale of 20m of more, if survey inaccuracies have compounded. Yet at the scale of 1:25,000, such

accuracy becomes irrelevant. The Strip Maps can be used up to A3 in size and are scale relevant.

d) The GIS data collected during this project provides an indication of the scale and number of features that

will need to be considered during the final design stage. This data provides the basis from which to

finalise the route and location of poles in sensitive areas. It may be necessary to conduct a Resettlement

Action Plan (RAP) process, to deal with compensation for loss of crops and woodlots falling within the

final RoW.

e) Available GIS information was used for this assessment, including satellite imagery, GIS datasets and

mapping data collected in the field. It must be noted that satellite imagery shows what was visible at the

time. Land use also varies as time passes. The most recent imagery readily available for this assessment

dates from 2009 and 2002, in places. Difference in the land use since then has been observed and

recorded, where relevant, during the fieldwork.

f) In Lot 8, the Kampala B, Kasisi, Malere COU & TC, Kabeshekere, Benga, Kyakeitaba, Muhungu & Tonwa

data was not available in a geo-referenced format; the closest fit to correlating data was used to best

position and thus geo-reference the design date for this section of Lot 8.


Appendix E Technical Documentation

1. Species lists for the Project Site.

2. Start and End-points for the Project Site: X and Y co-ordinates, including place names.

3. Location of Bird Sample Sites: X and Y co-ordinates.


1. Species Lists

The attached list of plant and bird species found in Lot 7 and Lot 8 respectively, with location amongst

the sample sites, providing biodiversity indicators for the ecological baseline assessment. This list has

been generated through field observation by the biodiversity experts on the ESIA team.


Plant Species: Lot 7

Sample Site

Kibe

di T

C

Nya

mar

unda

Kaba

le p

/s

Kicu

cura

Riv

er N

gusi

Mba

ya

Lweb

yayi

Toga

bike

re

Kabb

ubu

Muz

izi

Mit

ujju

Nya

mw

ara

Habitat Und

iffe

ren

tiat

ed

bush

y

vege

tati

on

Und

iffe

ren

tiat

ed

bush

y

vege

tati

on

Woo

ded

gra

ssla

nd

Woo

ded

gra

ssla

nd

Wet

land

Wet

land

Und

iffe

ren

tiat

ed

Bus

hy

vege

tati

on

Wet

land

Rip

aria

n a

rea

Wet

land

Und

iffe

ren

tiat

ed

bush

y

vege

tati

on

Woo

dlan

d

Local Coordinate 36 N

027

3104

009

1555

1

36 N

027

1389

009

8106

36 N

026

7279

009

6107

36 N

0284

556

0117

565

36 N

029

1242

011

3137

36 N

028

6649

010

1365

36 N

031

5640

006

4601

36 N

313

679

0063

339

36 N

031

2365

006

2660

36 N

0311

531

0067

803

36 N

030

4025

007

5362

36 N

030

0570

007

6834

Family Species Life form

Fabaceae Abrus precatorius Herbaceous Climber 1

Fabaceae Acacia hockii Tree

Fabaceae Acacia sieberiana Tree 1 1 1

Fabaceaea Acacia abysinica Tree 1

Euphorbiaceae Acalypha bipartita Shrub 1 1 1 1 1

Euphorbiaceae Acalypha villicaulis Shrub 1

Acanthaceae Acanthus pubescens shrub 1 1 1 1 1 1

Amaranthaceae Achyranthes aspera Herb

Asteraceae Adenostemma caffrum herb 1 1 1 1

Asteraceae Ageratum conyzoides Herb 1 1

Fabaceae (Mimosoideae) Albizia coriaria Tree 1 1

Sapindaceae Allophylus africanus Tree 1

Amaranthaceae Amaranthus hybridus Herb 1

Moraceae Antiaris toxicaria Tree 1 1


Sample Site

Kibe

di T

C

Nya

mar

unda

Kaba

le p

/s

Kicu

cura

Riv

er N

gusi

Mba

ya

Lweb

yayi

Toga

bike

re

Kabb

ubu

Muz

izi

Mit

ujju

Nya

mw

ara

Moraceae Artocarpus heterophylla Tree 1 1 1 1

Asparagaceae Aspagarus africanus Herb

Asteraceae Aspilia africana Herb

Acanthaceae Asystasia gangetica Herb

Asteraceae Bidens pilosa Herb 1 1

Sapindaceae Blighia unijugata Tree

Poaceae Brachiaria brizantha Grass 1

Poaceae Brachiaria comata Grass

Phyllanthaceae Bridelia micrantha Tree

Phyllanthaceae Bridelia scleronuera Tree 1

Moraraceae Broussonetia papyrifera tree

Solanaceae Capsicum frutecens Shrub 1

Sapindaceae Cardiospermum grandiflorum

Herbaceous Climber 1

Caricaceae Carica papaya Tree 1 1

Apiaceae Centella asiataica Herb 1

Cedrella odorata Tree 1

Menispermaceae Cissampelos mucronata

Herbaceous Climber 1 1

Vitaceae Cissus oliveri Herbaceous Climber 1

Ranunculaceae Clematis hirsuta Herbaceous Climber

Lamiaceae Clerodendron myricoides Shrub

Combretaceae Combretum collinum Tree

Combretaceae Combretum molle Tree 1 1

Commelinaceae Commelina africana Herb

Commelinaceae Commelina beghalensis Herb 1 1

Asteraceae Conyza floribunda Herb 1


Sample Site

Kibe

di T

C

Nya

mar

unda

Kaba

le p

/s

Kicu

cura

Riv

er N

gusi

Mba

ya

Lweb

yayi

Toga

bike

re

Kabb

ubu

Muz

izi

Mit

ujju

Nya

mw

ara

Euphorbiaceae Croton macrostachyus Tree 1 1

Cucurbitaceae Cucumis aculeatus Herbaceous Climber

Amaranthaceae Cyatula achyranthoides Herb 1

Amararnthaceae Cyathula prostrata Herb

Vitaceae Cymphostemma adenocaule

Herbaceous Climber

Poaceae Cynodon dactylon Grass 1 1

Cyperaceae Cyperus r0tundus Herb 1

Cyperaceae Cyperus papyrus Herb 1 1 1 1

Poaceae Digitaria ternate Grass 1 1 1 1 1

Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea bulbifera Herbaceous Climber 1 1

Melastomataceae Dissotis sp. Herb 1

Sterculiaceae Dombeya rotundiflora Tree 1 1 1

Verbenaceae Duranta erecta shrub 1

Poaceae Eleusine indica Grass 1 1 1 1

Fabaceae (Papilionoideae) Erythrina abyssinica Tree 1 1 1

Euphorbiaceae Eucalyptus sp. Tree 1 1 1 1 1 1

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia hirta Herb

Moraceae Ficus asperifolia Shrub

Moraceae Ficus natalensis Tree

Moraceae Ficus ovata Tree 1

Phyllanthaceae Flueggea virosa Shrub 1

Asteraceae Galisonga parviflora Herb 1 1 1 1 1

Tiliaceae Grewia mollis Tree

Grieveria robusta Tree 1

Lamiaceae Hoslundia opposita Shrub 1 1


Sample Site

Kibe

di T

C

Nya

mar

unda

Kaba

le p

/s

Kicu

cura

Riv

er N

gusi

Mba

ya

Lweb

yayi

Toga

bike

re

Kabb

ubu

Muz

izi

Mit

ujju

Nya

mw

ara

Poaceae Hyparrhenia filipendula Grass

Poaceae Imperata cylindrica Grass 1

Fabaceae (Papilionoideae) Indigofera arrecta Shrub 1

Convolvulaceae Ipomoea sp. Herbaceous Climber 1 1

Oleaceae Jasminum sp. Woody Climber

Acanthaceae Justicia diclipteroides Herb

Cyperaceae Kylinga arecta Herb 1

Verbenaceae Lantana camara Shrub 1 1

Poaceae Leersia hexandra Grass 1

Convolvulaceae Lepistemon owariensis

Herbaceous Climber 1

Anacardiaceae Mangifera indica Tree 1 1 1

Marantaceae Marantachloa leucantha Herb

Bignoniaceae Markhamia lutea Tree 1 1 1 1

Fabaceae (Mimosoideae) Mimosa pigra Shrub

Cucurbitaceae Momordica foetida Herbaceous Climber 1 1

Apocynaceae Mondia whitei Woody Climber

Musaceae Musa paradisiaca Herb

Musaceae Musa sapientum Herb

Orthopteris orientaris

Poaceae Panicum maximum Grass 1 1 1 1 1 1

Poaceae Paspalum scrobiculatu, Grass 1 1

Malvaceae Pavonia urens Shrub 1 1 1 1 1 1

Poaceae Pennisetum purpureum Grass 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Pinus sp Tree 1 1

Arecaceae Phoenix reclinata Tree 1 1 1 1 1


Sample Site

Kibe

di T

C

Nya

mar

unda

Kaba

le p

/s

Kicu

cura

Riv

er N

gusi

Mba

ya

Lweb

yayi

Toga

bike

re

Kabb

ubu

Muz

izi

Mit

ujju

Nya

mw

ara

Poaceae Phragmites mauritianum Grass

Phyllanthaceae Phyllanthus nummularifolius Shrub

Fabaceae (Papilionoideae) Pseudathria hookeri Herb 1

Myrtaceae Psidium guajava Tree

Euphoiacea Sapium elliptica Treee 1 1 1

Apocynaceae Secamone africana Woody Climber

Fabaceae Senna spectabilis Tree 1 1 1

Malvaceae Sida rhombifolia Herb

Smilaceae Smilax kraussiana Woody

Solanaceae Solanum incanum Shrub 1 1 1

Lamiaceae Solenestemon thyrisfloum Herb 1 1

Bignoniaceae Spathodea campanulata Tree 1 1

Poaceae Sporobolus pyramidalis Grass 1

Amaranthacea Synodrella nodiflora Herb 1 1 1 1

Tiliaceae Triumfetta rhomboidea Herb 1

Typhacea Typha sp Herb

Urena lobate 1 1

Rubiaceae Vangueria apiculata Tree

Asteraceae Vernonia amygdalina Shrub 1 1

Asteraceae Vernonia glomerata Shrub

Asteraceae Vernonia campanea Shrub

Asteraceae Vernonia cinerea Herb

TOTAL RICHNESS 15 12 12 12 19 8 11 15 10 9 12 9


Plant Species: Lot 8

Sample Site Nta

ra ju

nct

ion

Nta

ra v

illag

e

Kab

ereb

ere

Rw

amw

anja

R

efu

gee

sett

lem

ent

Big

uli

Mal

ele

Habitat Scru

bla

nd

un

der

fallo

w

Fallo

w la

nd

W

ith

Th

icke

t

Wet

lan

d

Farm

lan

d a

nd

deg

rad

ed w

etla

nd

Un

dif

fere

nti

ated

bu

shy

vege

tati

on

Wet

lan

d

Local Coordinate 36 M

020

5965

999

9084

36 M

020

6151

999

929

36 N

023

5979

002

9126

36 N

024

2240

004

0440

36 N

025

5298

003

6885

36 N

025

5322

004

5851

Family Species Life form

Fabaceae Abrus precatorius Herbaceous Climber 1

Fabaceae Acacia hockii Tree

1

Fabaceae Acacia sieberiana Tree 1 1 1

1

Fabaceaea Acacia abysinica Tree 1 1

Euphorbiaceae Acalypha bipartita Shrub 1 1

Euphorbiaceae Acalypha villicaulis Shrub

Acanthaceae Acanthus pubescens shrub 1 1 1 1

1

Amaranthaceae Achyranthes aspera Herb 1 1 1

Asteraceae Adenostemma caffrum herb 1


Sample Site Nta

ra ju

nct

ion

Nta

ra v

illag

e

Kab

ereb

ere

Rw

amw

anja

R

efu

gee

sett

lem

ent

Big

uli

Mal

ele

Asteraceae Ageratum conyzoides Herb 1 1 1 1 1

Fabaceae (Mimosoideae) Albizia coriaria Tree 1 1 1

Sapindaceae Allophylus africanus Tree 1

Amaranthaceae Amaranthus hybridus Herb 1

Moraceae Antiaris toxicaria Tree 1

1

Moraceae Artocarpus heterophylla Tree 1 1

Asparagaceae Aspagarus africanus Herb

1

Asteraceae Aspilia africana Herb 1 1

Acanthaceae Asystasia gangetica Herb 1 1 1

1

Asteraceae Bidens pilosa Herb 1 1

Sapindaceae Blighia unijugata Tree

Poaceae Brachiaria brizantha Grass 1

1

Poaceae Brachiaria comata Grass 1 1

Phyllanthaceae Bridelia micrantha Tree 1

Phyllanthaceae Bridelia scleronuera Tree 1

Moraraceae Broussonetia papyrifera tree 1

Solanaceae Capsicum frutecens Shrub 1

Sapindaceae Cardiospermum grandiflorum Herbaceous Climber 1

Caricaceae Carica papaya Tree 1

Apiaceae Centella asiataica Herb 1

Cedrella odorata Tree

Menispermaceae Cissampelos mucronata Herbaceous Climber 1 1

Vitaceae Cissus oliveri Herbaceous Climber 1


Sample Site Nta

ra ju

nct

ion

Nta

ra v

illag

e

Kab

ereb

ere

Rw

amw

anja

R

efu

gee

sett

lem

ent

Big

uli

Mal

ele

Ranunculaceae Clematis hirsuta Herbaceous Climber 1

Lamiaceae Clerodendron myricoides Shrub

Combretaceae Combretum collinum Tree 1

Combretaceae Combretum molle Tree 1 1

Commelinaceae Commelina africana Herb 1 1

Commelinaceae Commelina beghalensis Herb 1 1

1

Asteraceae Conyza floribunda Herb 1

Euphorbiaceae Croton macrostachyus Tree 1 1 1

Cucurbitaceae Cucumis aculeatus Herbaceous Climber 1 1

Amaranthaceae Cyatula achyranthoides Herb 1 1

Amararnthaceae Cyathula prostrata Herb 1

Vitaceae Cymphostemma adenocaule Herbaceous Climber 1

Poaceae Cynodon dactylon Grass 1 1

Cyperaceae Cyperus r0tundus Herb

1

Cyperaceae Cyperus papyrus Herb 1 1

1

Poaceae Digitaria ternate Grass 1 1

Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea bulbifera Herbaceous Climber 1 1

Melastomataceae Dissotis sp. Herb 1 1

1

Sterculiaceae Dombeya rotundiflora Tree 1 1

Verbenaceae Duranta erecta shrub

Poaceae Eleusine indica Grass 1 1

Fabaceae (Papilionoideae) Erythrina abyssinica Tree 1 1 1

Euphorbiaceae Eucalyptus sp. Tree

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia hirta Herb 1

1


Sample Site Nta

ra ju

nct

ion

Nta

ra v

illag

e

Kab

ereb

ere

Rw

amw

anja

R

efu

gee

sett

lem

ent

Big

uli

Mal

ele

Moraceae Ficus asperifolia Shrub 1

Moraceae Ficus natalensis Tree 1

Moraceae Ficus ovata Tree

1

1

Phyllanthaceae Flueggea virosa Shrub 1

Asteraceae Galisonga parviflora Herb 1 1 1

Tiliaceae Grewia mollis Tree 1

Grieveria robusta Tree

Lamiaceae Hoslundia opposita Shrub 1

Poaceae Hyparrhenia filipendula Grass

Poaceae Imperata cylindrica Grass

Fabaceae (Papilionoideae) Indigofera arrecta Shrub 1 1

Convolvulaceae Ipomoea sp. Herbaceous Climber 1 1

Oleaceae Jasminum sp. Woody Climber

Acanthaceae Justicia diclipteroides Herb 1 1

Cyperaceae Kylinga arecta Herb

Verbenaceae Lantana camara Shrub 1 1 1

Poaceae Leersia hexandra Grass 1

1

Convolvulaceae Lepistemon owariensis Herbaceous Climber 1 1

1

Anacardiaceae Mangifera indica Tree 1

Marantaceae Marantachloa leucantha Herb 1

Bignoniaceae Markhamia lutea Tree 1

Fabaceae (Mimosoideae) Mimosa pigra Shrub 1

Cucurbitaceae Momordica foetida Herbaceous Climber 1

Apocynaceae Mondia whitei Woody Climber

1


Sample Site Nta

ra ju

nct

ion

Nta

ra v

illag

e

Kab

ereb

ere

Rw

amw

anja

R

efu

gee

sett

lem

ent

Big

uli

Mal

ele

Musaceae Musa paradisiaca Herb

Musaceae Musa sapientum Herb

Orthopteris orientaris 1

Poaceae Panicum maximum Grass 1

1

Poaceae Paspalum scrobiculatu, Grass

Malvaceae Pavonia urens Shrub 1 1 1 1

Poaceae Pennisetum purpureum Grass

Pinus sp Tree

Arecaceae Phoenix reclinata Tree 1 1

1

Poaceae Phragmites mauritianum Grass 1

1

Phyllanthaceae Phyllanthus nummularifolius Shrub 1

Fabaceae (Papilionoideae) Pseudathria hookeri Herb 1

Myrtaceae Psidium guajava Tree 1 1

Euphoiacea Sapium elliptica Treee 1 1

Apocynaceae Secamone africana Woody Climber 1

Fabaceae Senna spectabilis Tree 1

Malvaceae Sida rhombifolia Herb 1

Smilaceae Smilax kraussiana Woody 1

Solanaceae Solanum incanum Shrub 1 1 1

Lamiaceae Solenestemon thyrisfloum Herb

Bignoniaceae Spathodea campanulata Tree

Poaceae Sporobolus pyramidalis Grass

Amaranthacea Synodrella nodiflora Herb 1


Sample Site Nta

ra ju

nct

ion

Nta

ra v

illag

e

Kab

ereb

ere

Rw

amw

anja

R

efu

gee

sett

lem

ent

Big

uli

Mal

ele

Tiliaceae Triumfetta rhomboidea Herb 1

Typhacea Typha sp Herb

1

Urena lobate

Rubiaceae Vangueria apiculata Tree 1

Asteraceae Vernonia amygdalina Shrub 1

Asteraceae Vernonia glomerata Shrub

1

Asteraceae Vernonia campanea Shrub 1

Asteraceae Vernonia cinerea Herb 1

TOTAL RICHNESS 50 38 32 28 9

14


Birds Species: Lot 7

Species CODE Kibedi Ngusi Mbaya Togabikere Muzizi Mitujju

AFEP PIGEON Columba unicincta FF 7 6 7 4 0 1

AFRICAN HARRIER HAWK Polyboroides typus f 5 3 0 1 1 1

AFRICAN THRUSH Turdus pelios f 5 5 0 0 2 3

ASHY FLYCATCHER Muscicapa caerulescens F 0 0 2 1 4 5

AFRICAN BLUE FLYCATCHER Elminia longicauda f 3 2 3 0 1 0

BLUE-SPOTTED WOOD DOVE Turtur afer f 17 2 3 9 2 2

BOCAGE'S BUSH-SHRIKE Malaconotus bocagei F 4 0 0 0 0 0

BROAD-BILLED ROLLER Eurystomus glaucurus A,f,w 12 0 0 0 0 0

BROWN-THROATED WATTLE-EYE Platysteira cyanea f 9 3 1 1 1 0

CARDINAL WOODPECKER Dendropicos fuscescens

4 0 1 0 0 0

COMMON BULBUL Pycnonotus barbatus f 50 9 3 12 14 16

CROWNED HORNBILL Tockus alboterminatus f 20 17 23 16 5 16

DIDRIC CUCKOO Chrysococcyx caprius

3 1 0 0 1 1

DOUBLE-TOOTHED BARBET Lybius bidentatus f 0 0 1 0 2 0

DUSKY-BLUE FLYCATCHER Muscicapa comitata F 0 0 0 0 0 0

EASTERN GREY PLANTAIN EATER Crinifer zonurus f 6 14 9 9 9 15

GREAT BLUE TURACO Corythaeola cristata F 2 1 2 5 1 1

GREAT SPARROWHAWK Accipiter melanoleucus F 6 3 0 0 0 1

GREATER HONEYGUIDE Indicator f 0 0 0 2 0 0

GREEN CROMBEC Sylvietta virens F 1 13 0 3 4 1

GREEN HYLIA prasina F 17 16 13 15 6 12

AFRICAN GREEN PIGEON Treron calva F 7 8 0 8 0 0

GREEN-HEADED SUNBIRD Cyanomitra verticalis F 7 2 2 3 1 0



GREEN-THROATED SUNBIRD Chalcomitra rubescens F 3 1 1 3 3 0

GREY-BACKED CAMAROPTERA brachyura f 22 4 3 5 16 5

GREY-HEADED SUNBIRD Deleornis fraseri FF 9 3 2 0 1 0

GREY-THROATED BARBET Gymnobucco bonapartei F 2 2 10 6 1 0

GROSBEAK WEAVER Amblyospiza albifrons F,w 1 3 1 5 1 1

HAIRY-BREASTED BARBET Tricholaema hirsuta F 12 11 17 7 3 7

HELMETED GUINEAFOWL Numida meleagris G 20 0 0 0 0 0

HONEYGUIDE GREENBUL Baeopogon indicator FF 3 1 1 0 0 0

KLAAS' CUCKOO Chrysococcyx klaas f 7 4 1 2 4 2

LEVAILLANT'S CUCKOO Oxylophus levaillantii f 2 0 0 0 0 0

LITTLE SPARROWHAWK Accipiter minullus f 0 1 0 0 0 1

LIZARD BUZZARD Kaupifalco monogrammicus f 4 1 1 0 1 1

LONG-CRESTED EAGLE Lophaetus occipitalis f 1 0 0 0 0 0

NORTHERN BLACK FLYCATCHER Melaenornis edoliodides f 0 0 0 0 1 0

NORTHERN PUFFBACK Dryoscopus gambensis F 3 0 0 0 0 0

PURPLE-HEADED STARLING Lamprotornis purpureiceps F 31 23 54 46 16 6

RED-BELLIED PARADISE FLYCATCHER Terpsiphone rufiventer F 5 12 16 10 3 4

RED-CAPPED ROBIN-CHAT Cossypha natalensis F 2 1 0 1 0 0

RED-CHESTED CUCKOO Cuculus solitarius A,F 4 10 1 3 5 5

RED-EYED DOVE Streptopelia semitorquata f 1 5 0 1 1 4

RED-HEADED LOVEBIRD Agapornis pullaria f 0 0 0 0 1 0

RED-HEADED MALIMBE Malimbicus rubricollis F 0 3 0 0 0 0

ROSS'S TURACO Musophaga rossae F 7 9 2 16 10 8

SCARLET-CHESTED SUNBIRD Chalcomitra senegalensis f 2 0 1 1 0 0

SPECKLED TINKERBIRD Pogoniulus scolopaceus F 24 21 19 41 8 8



SPECTACLED WEAVER Ploceus ocularis F 7 0 2 0 0 0

SPLENDID STARLING Lamprotornis splendidus

8 7 29 30 26 8

SUPERB SUNBIRD Cinnyris superba F 1 1 0 1 1 0

TAMBOURINE DOVE Turtur tympanistria F 22 19 26 35 9 17

VIEILLOT'S BLACK WEAVER Ploceus nigerrimus R-NT, 1 0 10 9 8 0

VIOLET-BACKED STARLING Cinnyricinclus leucogaster R-NT,FF 7 10 0 4 0 0

WHITE-SPOTTED FLUFFTAIL Sarothrura pulchra F,W 20 20 19 10 3 5

WHITE-BROWED COUCAL Centropus superciliosus

2 0 0 0 0 0

WHITE-CHINNED PRINIA Schistolais leucopogon F 0 4 0 3 4 0

WHITE-HEADED SAW-WING Psalidoprocne albiceps R-RR, 1 0 0 0 0 0

WHITE-THROATED BEE-EATER Merops albicollis A,f,Ae 17 13 8 0 6 0

YELLOW LONGBILL Macrosphenus flavicans FF 0 0 1 0 1 0

YELLOW WHITE-EYE Zosterops senegalensis f 12 4 2 9 1 1

YELLOW-FRONTED TINKERBIRD Pogoniulus chrysoconus f 5 0 4 0 0 0


Birds Species: Lot 8

Species Code Ntara Kaberebere Rwamwanja Biguli Malele

BLACK-HEADED HERON Ardea melanocephala 27 w 0 0 0 0 1

HADADA IBIS Bostrychia hagedash 51 w 0 0 0 0 0

LIZARD BUZZARD Kaupifalco monogrammicus 129 f 0 0 6 0 0

LONG-CRESTED EAGLE Lophaetus occipitalis 130 f 0 0 6 1 0

AFRICAN GREEN PIGEON Treron calva 358 F 3 0 0 1 1

BLUE-SPOTTED WOOD DOVE Turtur afer 355 f 6 6 6 2 6

RED-EYED DOVE Streptopelia semitorquata 350 f 5 6 6 6 6

LAUGHING DOVE Streptopelia senegalensis 351 5 6 0 3 1

BROWN PARROT Poicephalus meyeri 367 p 0 0 0 6 0

EASTERN GREY PLANTAIN EATER Crinifer zonurus 376 0 0 2 6 6

KLAAS' CUCKOO Chrysococcyx klaas 391 f 1 0 0 0 0

DIDRIC CUCKOO Chrysococcyx caprius 388 2 0 0 0 1

WHITE-BROWED COUCAL Centropus superciliosus 406 1 0 6 5 0

SPECKLED MOUSEBIRD Colius striatus 459 6 0 5 0 0

WHITE-THROATED BEE-EATER Merops albicollis 479 A,f,Ae 1 0 0 0 0

BROAD-BILLED ROLLER Eurystomus glaucurus 500 A,f,w 1 0 0 0 0

GREEN WOOD HOOPOE Phoeniculus purpureus 508 2 0 0 0 0

AFRICAN PIED HORNBILL Tockus fasciatus 519 F 3 0 1 0 0

YELLOW-FRONTED TINKERBIRD Pogoniulus chrysoconus 549 f 0 0 4 0 0

HAIRY-BREASTED BARBET Tricholaema hirsuta 538 F 1 0 0 1 0

SPOT-FLANKED BARBET Tricholaema lachrymosa 539 R-RR 0 0 3 0 0

WHITE-HEADED BARBET Lybius leucocephalus 540 2 1 0 0 2

RED-THROATED WRYNECK Jynx ruficollis 575 R-NT,f 0 0 0 0 0

GREY WOODPECKER Dendropicos goertae 590 f 1 0 0 0 0

LESSER STRIPED SWALLOW Hirundo abyssinica 624 Ae 0 12 0 4 0

ANGOLA SWALLOW Hirundo angolensis 627 w,Ae 0 4 0 0 0



YELLOW-THROATED LONGCLAW Macronyx croceus 988 G 3 6 0 5 0

LITTLE GREENBUL Andropadus virens 705 F 0 0 0 0 1

COMMON BULBUL Pycnonotus barbatus 732 f 6 0 6 6 6

WHITE-BROWED ROBIN-CHAT Cossypha heuglini 751 f 2 0 0 0 1

WHITE-BROWED SCRUB-ROBIN Cercotrichas leucophrys 744 0 6 0 4 0

AFRICAN THRUSH Turdus pelios 801 f 2 0 0 2 0

AFRICAN MOUSTACHED WARBLER Melocichla mentalis 915 0 3 1 6 0

ICTERINE WARBLER Hippolais icterina 885 P 1 2 0 1 1

RED-FACED CISTICOLA erythrops 857 w 6 0 5 6 1

TAWNY-FLANKED PRINIA subflava 913 f,w 0 6 0 6 0

GREY-BACKED CAMAROPTERA brachyura 837 f 0 6 6 6 6

RED-BELLIED PARADISE FLYCATCHER Terpsiphone rufiventer 967 F 1 0 0 0 1

ARROW-MARKED BABBLER Turdoides jardineii 681 2 0 0 0 0

GREEN SUNBIRD Anthreptes rectirostris 1087 FF 0 0 0 0 0

GREY-HEADED SUNBIRD Deleornis fraseri 1081 FF 0 0 2 0 0

SCARLET-CHESTED SUNBIRD Chalcomitra senegalensis 1122 f 0 0 0 0 6

BRONZE SUNBIRD Nectarinia kilimensis 1103 f 0 0 0 0 0

VARIABLE SUNBIRD Cinnyris venusta 1128 f 4 0 0 0 0

COMMON FISCAL Lanius collaris 1029 G 3 0 0 5 0

FORK-TAILED DRONGO Dicrurus adsimilis 644 f 0 0 0 0 0

SPLENDID STARLING Lamprotornis splendidus 1061 F 5 0 0 4 0

RUPPELL'S LONG-TAILED STARLING Lamprotornis purpuropter 1060 0 0 5 1 0

GREY-HEADED SPARROW Passer griseus 1206 0 0 0 2 0

LITTLE WEAVER Ploceus luteolus 1172 0 0 0 0 0

BLACK-HEADED WEAVER Ploceus cucullatus 1165 0 0 0 3 0

RED-BILLED FIREFINCH Lagonosticta senegala 1241 0 0 6 3 0

RED-CHEEKED CORDON-BLEU Uraeginthus bengalus 1261 0 0 0 2 0

BRONZE MANNIKIN Lonchura cucullata 1266 5 0 0 2 0



YELLOW-CROWNED CANARY Serinus canicollis 1282 F 0 0 0 3 0


2.1 Start and End-point Co-ordinates for Project Site: Lot 7

The co-ordinates of the start and end-points for Lot 7 of the Project Site are listed below.

LOT_NO PLACE NAME DESCRIPTION X_COORD Y_COORD

7 Akabare TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,20554 0,67580

7 Akasaizire TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,08621 0,86088

7 Bugwara PS Mid-point not on route description 31,07601 1,01561

7 Bugwara TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,07527 1,01815

7 Buhumuliro TC Mid-point not on route description 31,05567 1,01601

7 Bujeru PS Mid-point not on route description 31,17857 0,69896

7 Buronzi TC On route description 30,89907 0,90155

7 Charity Kyakatwanga PS Mid-point not on route description 31,16240 0,69996

7 Gomero Village Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,27656 0,64488

7 Kabahuna TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,10705 0,92412

7 Kabajoki TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,35824 0,61724

7 Kabale PS On route description 30,90910 0,86918

7 Kabanda HC Mid-point not on route description 31,31230 0,60769

7 Kabasara Church Mid-point not on route description 31,26479 0,69840

7 Kabasara PS Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,26442 0,69864

7 Kabubbu Cou PS Mid-point not on route description 31,31977 0,57158

7 Kabubbu Mosque Mid-point not on route description 31,31813 0,57040

7 Kabubbu TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,31855 0,57090

7 Kabulaisoke TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,24923 0,67772

7 Kahioro PS Mid-point not on route description 31,08542 0,80424

7 Kahioro TC Mid-point not on route description 31,08216 0,80899

7 Kakidamu Church Mid-point not on route description 31,11795 0,73403

7 Kakidamu TC Mid-point not on route description 31,11835 0,73344

7 Kakigando HC Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,26864 0,66751

7 Kakihimbara TC On route description 31,19795 0,77668

7 Karama PS Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,12552 0,71420

7 Karuguza SS On route description 31,07369 0,75770

7 Kasimbi TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,07040 0,98427

7 Kasimbia PS Mid-point not on route description 31,07215 0,98830

7 Kasindizi TC Mid-point not on route description 31,13747 0,71111

7 Kasozi TC Mid-point not on route description 31,07275 0,96851

7 Kateete TC On route description 30,93227 0,89414

7 Kayinja TC Mid-point not on route description 31,32801 0,58697

7 Kibyayi PS Mid-point not on route description 31,36864 0,57996

7 Kibyayi TC Mid-point not on route description 31,36935 0,58011

7 Kicucuura PS Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,06466 1,06434

7 Kicucuura TC Mid-point not on route description 31,06299 1,05972

7 Kijagi TC Mid-point not on route description 31,06715 1,04150

7 Kijjumba Church Mid-point not on route description 31,29224 0,62990

7 Kijjumba PS Mid-point not on route description 31,29266 0,62975



7 Kijjumba TC Mid-point not on route description 31,29093 0,62330

7 Kikonge TC On route description 31,05562 0,78649

7 Kikwaya TC On route description 31,14506 1,01166

7 Kisalizi PS Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,09278 0,90517

7 Kisalizi TC Mid-point not on route description 31,09209 0,90179

7 Kisojo PS Mid-point not on route description 31,08689 0,86880

7 Kisojo TC Mid-point not on route description 31,08728 0,86829

7 Kitaba Church Mid-point not on route description 31,10999 0,75153

7 Kitaba PS Mid-point not on route description 31,11025 0,75168

7 Kitoro TC On route description 30,91745 0,87224

7 Kitovu PS Mid-point not on route description 31,19506 0,72896

7 Kitutu TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,13541 0,67770

7 Kiwumulo PS Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,27721 0,66275

7 Kyabayanja TC On route description 31,26374 0,67242

7 Kyakacucu TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,04638 0,96297

7 Kyakasengura Prison Mid-point not on route description 31,07867 0,84466

7 Kyakasengura TC Mid-point not on route description 31,07854 0,84471

7 Kyakatwanga Mid-point not on route description 31,16649 0,69904

7 Kyebando HQ Mid-point not on route description 31,08674 0,91243

7 Kyebando TC Mid-point not on route description 31,08325 0,92221

7 Kyebebe TC Mid-point not on route description 31,07795 0,99752

7 Lands Office Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,08386 0,79522

7 Lwebyayi TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,34576 0,58305

7 Masenge TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,21593 0,68542

7 Mijunwa HC Mid-point not on route description 31,35757 0,60378

7 Mijunwa TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,36103 0,60875

7 Mitujju Church Mid-point not on route description 31,23565 0,67671

7 Mitujju PS Mid-point not on route description 31,23421 0,67717

7 Mitujju TC Mid-point not on route description 31,23751 0,68107

7 Mubende Prison Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,39412 0,58451

7 Mugoija TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,04597 1,00936

7 Muhunga Village Mid-point not on route description 31,09450 0,89430

7 Mukacooli TC Mid-point not on route description 31,08083 0,93011

7 Mulika TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,19369 0,73491

7 Mutunguru TC Mid-point not on route description 31,07496 0,83077

7 Ngangi TC On route description 31,09872 0,76207

7 Nyamarunda TC On route description 30,94937 0,88581

7 Nyamarwa HC/HQ Mid-point not on route description 31,20735 0,69548

7 Nyamarwa PS Mid-point not on route description 31,20310 0,69655

7 Nyamarwa PS Mid-point not on route description 31,21254 0,68880

7 Nyamarwa SS Mid-point not on route description 31,21300 0,68796

7 Nyamarwa TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,20714 0,69602

7 St Allosius PS Mid-point not on route description 31,24138 0,68169

7 St Andrews Bukoba PS Mid-point not on route description 31,32628 0,59119



7 St Antony of Padua PS Intersection or end-point not on route description 31,25890 0,62816

7 St Catherine SS Midpoint not on route description 31,06346 1,06174

7 St Joseph PS Mid-point not on route description 31,29340 0,62074

7 St Jude Kitutu PS Mid-point not on route description 31,13309 0,68502

7 St Noah SS Mid-point not on route description 31,29213 0,62753

7 Village Mid-point not on route description 31,24478 0,67853


2.2 Start and End-point Co-ordinates for Project Site: Lot 8

The co-ordinates of the start and end-points for Lot 8 of the Project Site are listed below.


8 Agaba farm Intersection or end-point not on route description 30,34914 -0,02641

8 Benga TC On route description 30,82423 0,38364

8 Biguri TC On route description 30,79539 0,34006

8 Bihuna TC Mid-point not on route description 30,71282 0,41482

8 Bisozi Church Mid-point not on route description 30,59958 0,27999

8 Bisozi TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 30,60041 0,28785

8 Buhumuriro TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 30,79225 0,39946

8 Busia TC Mid-point not on route description 30,81294 0,39369

8 Busimiro TC Mid-point not on route description 30,78592 0,42305

8 Bwensamba On route description 30,36172 -0,02442

8 Bwizi TC On route description 30,72113 0,39069

8 Kabaranga TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 30,75072 0,37317

8 Kaberebere On route description 30,64258 0,25909

8 Kambendyaho TC Mid-point not on route description 30,51156 0,32431

8 Kampala B TC On route description 30,78415 0,38780

8 Kasisa On route description 30,78878 0,37232

8 Kikiri TC Mid-point not on route description 30,70959 0,42603

8 Kiyagara On route description 30,49585 0,32803

8 Kizungu TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 30,63709 0,24204

8 Kyabigwera TC Mid-point not on route description 30,66804 0,35473

8 Kyakeitaba TC On route description 30,74374 0,44308

8 Lyakahungu Intersection or end-point not on route description 30,65248 0,23198

8 Lyakahungu Church Mid-point not on route description 30,64646 0,22491

8 Mabale TC Mid-point not on route description 30,56817 0,28463

8 Malere PS Intersection or end-point not on route description 30,80163 0,40427

8 Malere TC On route description 30,81457 0,40740

8 Mpanga TC Mid-point not on route description 30,52885 0,30437

8 Muhunga TC On route description 30,71711 0,44919

8 Mukole TC Mid-point not on route description 30,62184 0,30841

8 Munyuma TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 30,77081 0,36745

8 Nkoma TC Mid-point not on route description 30,64453 0,33202

8 Nkoni TC Intersection or end-point not on route description 30,73547 0,35301

8 Ntara On route description 30,36118 -0,00923

8 Ntonwa TC On route description 30,70144 0,43624

8 Omukafene TC Mid-point not on route description 30,76891 0,43531

8 Rubona TC Mid-point not on route description 30,71132 0,37376

8 Rwamwanja TC Mid-point not on route description 30,65396 0,34854

8 St. Paul Catholic Church Mid-point not on route description 30,78793 0,38684

8 Waijagahi TC Mid-point not on route description 30,67368 0,36051


3. Location of Bird Sample Sites: X and Y co-ordinates

The bird count site co-ordinates are listed below.

Lot Name X_Coord Y_Coord 7 Kibedi 30,961136 0,882011 7 Mbaya 31,082784 0,919005 7 Mitujju 31,236391 0,681046 7 Muzizi 31,306429 0,613165 7 Ngusi 31,122619 1,024243 7 Togabikere 31,325737 0,572801 8 Biguri 30,792745 0,342049 8 Kaberebere 30,641905 0,255251 8 Malere 30,814399 0,407084 8 Ntara 30,358524 -0,008278 8 Rwamwanja 30,630990 0,322178

Page A The SDEA/Bluepebble JV Partnership

The SDEA/Bluepebble JV Partnership

Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA)...

Documents

Transcript of Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA)...