Environment The physical surroundings of an organism, including all the conditions and circumstances...
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Transcript of Environment The physical surroundings of an organism, including all the conditions and circumstances...
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Environment
• The physical surroundings of an organism, including all the conditions and circumstances that affect its development.
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Biotic Factors
• the parts of the environment that are living or were once alive.
• Examples- dog, bone, rotting log
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Abiotic Factors • the parts of the
environment that are nonliving
• Examples: air, temperature, water, light, sand
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Niche
• The role an organism plays in its environment. Its relationship with other organisms and with its physical surroundings.
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Habitat
• The place where an organism lives.
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Ecosystem • A group of organisms and their physical environment
• All abiotic and biotic factors that found a location suitable to make or find their habitat
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Freshwater Ecosystem
TRIVIA: What would be an abiotic factor in this ecosystem?
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Symbiosis • a kind of partnership between two
organisms in nature.
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Commensalism
• a symbiotic relationship between two organisms in which one benefits and the other neither benefits nor is harmed.
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Mutualism • a symbiotic
relationship between two organisms in which both benefit.
Mutualism between ants, a caterpillar, and a flower in the American southwest. The caterpillar has a nectar organ which the ants drink from, the flower survives from the feeding caterpillar, and the ants provide protection for
both the plant and the caterpillar.
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Parasitism
• a symbiotic relationship in which one benefits(the parasite) and lives in or on another (the host, which is harmed) and takes nutrients.
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Symbiosis
Commensalism
Mutualism
Parasitism
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Photosynthesis • The process of using sunlight, water, and
carbon dioxide to make food (glucose). Green plants do this.
Products
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Producers
• Organisms that produce food for themselves and others.
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Consumers
• Organisms that depend on other organisms for food.
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Herbivores
• Consumers of only plants.
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Carnivores
• Consumers of only meat.
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Omnivores• Consumers that eat
plants and animals.
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Predator
• Predator- A consumer that hunts or captures other organisms (prey) for food.
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Prey• an organism that is hunted or
captured and eaten by another consumer.
Prey
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Scavenger
• Scavenger- A consumer of dead or decaying plants and animals.
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Decomposer Bacteria and fungi that break down dead and decaying
plant and animal matter and enrich the soil.
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Population
• All organisms of the same species living in the same area.
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Community
• All the populations of species living in an area.
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Food chain
• A diagram showing how certain living things depend on one another for energy.
Gives energy to…
Gives energy to…
Gives energy to…
Gives energy to…
Gives energy to…
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These ARE food chains:Grass Cow Human
Acorn Squirrel
Plant plankton Whale
Dead leaves Worm Robin Hawk
Tree buds Deer Cougar
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These are NOT food chains:
• Sun Daisy Butterfly Frog
• Water Algae Fish Turtle
• Plankton DDT Fish Eagle
• Algae Minnow Bass Plastic fishing lure
• Corn Mouse Snake Water
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Food Chain Rule #1Food chains only contain
biotic factors.
SUN WATER PESTICIDES NON_LIVING THINGS
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These are food chains:
•Grass Cow Human
•Acorn Squirrel
•Plant plankton Whale
•Dead leaves Worm Robin Hawk
•Tree buds Deer Cougar
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These are NOT food chains:
• Cow Grass Human
• Squirrel Acorn
• Whale Plant plankton
• Worm Dead leaves Robin Hawk
• Deer Tree buds Cougar
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Food Chain Rule #2
Food chains must start with a producer.
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Examples of Producers
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•These ARE food chains:
•Grass Cow Human
•Acorn Squirrel
•Plant plankton Whale
•Dead leaves Worm Robin Hawk
•Tree buds Deer Cougar
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These are NOT food chains:
• Grass Cow Human
• Acorn Squirrel
• Plant plankton Whale
• Dead leaves Worm Robin Hawk
• Tree buds Deer Cougar
• Remember means “gives energy to…”
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Food Chain Rule #3
Food chains have arrows that go from left to right. It shows the food
“jumping” into the other organism’s mouth.
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PRIMARYPRODUCER
PRIMARY CONSUMER
SECONDARY CONSUMER
TOP OF FOOD CHAIN
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Food web
• A diagram showing as many food relationships as possible between living things in an area.
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Succession
• Changes in an area that cause one group of organisms to be replaced by another.All rebuilt→ climax community
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Succession All rebuilt→climax community