OUR EARTH/ ENVIRONMENT

ABOUTENVIRONMENT

THE WORD ENVIRONMENTIS DERIVED FROM THE

FRENCH WORDENVIRONER.THE SURROUNDING

OF AN ORGANISM, A COMMUNITY OR

AN OBJECT IS CALLED ENVIRONMENT.

RESOURCES & THEIR CONSERVATION

• Natural • Water• Mineral • Food• Land• Energy

Natural resources

Resources that occur naturally and meet the desires of the entire living beings are known as natural resources. They resources are considered valuable in their relatively unmodified (natural) form.A commodity is generally considered a natural resource when the

primary activities associated with it are extraction and purification, as opposed to creation.All the natural resources come from environment. some of them are

essential for our survival while most of them are essential for satisfying our wants.Today, population explosion and incresase in man’s greedy nature

have become the main causes for exploitation of natural resources.

Measures to control deforestation• Implement afforestation programmes•Overgrazing of cattle should be

reduced•Control the usage of paper•Forest conservation act should be

strictly implemented

• Recycle and buy recycled products.•When a tree is cut,one plant should be grown in order to maintain balance.•Educate people on ecological value of tree, reduce use of timber, plant•Provide alternate fuel to the forest fringe poor people to reduce pressure on firewood for daily need.

Water resourcesThreats to water resources:

• Dumping industrial waste• Dumping pesticides and

organic waste• Eutrophication• Bio magnification• Thermal pollution• Oil spills

Measures to conserve water resources

Rain water harvesting must be done. Sewage treatment should be implemented. Use drip irrigation for shrubs and trees to apply

water directly to the roots where it's needed. Use a water-efficient showerhead. They're

inexpensive, easy to install, and can save you up to 750 gallons per month.

Look for products bearing the EPA WaterSense Label for items that been certified to save 20% or more without sacrificing performance.Water-saving steam sterilizers, for use in

hospitals and health care facilities.Improved water management practices that reduce or enhance the beneficial use of water.

Mineral resources

• A 'Mineral Resource' is a concentration or occurrence of material of intrinsic economic interest in or on the earth's crust in such form, quality and quantity that there are reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction

Mineral resources are classifies into metallic and non metallic:• Metallic:examples are iron,alluminium, copper,gold.etc..• non-metallic: examples are coal,gypsum, silica ,limestone.etc..

Threats of mining:•Disturbance to mantle layer•Earthquakes•Tsunami•Drowning of land•Deforestation•Acid mine drainage

Conservation methods Implementation of

bio-mining/leaching technology. Enhanced oil recovery (eor). Usage of bio fuels. Surface mining control and

reclamation act should be strictly implemented.

Mining activities should me done under strict supervision of authorities

The mined out areas have to be back filled and then rehablitated for development of vegetation.

Food resources

Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for the body. It is usually of plant or animal origin, and contains essential nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals. The substance is ingested by an organism and assimilated by the organism's cells in an effort to produce energy, maintain life, or stimulate growth.

Conservation of food resourcesImplement the following methods to get chemical free food:Organic farming:it is a process in which both modern

and traditional methods of farming are utilized.Mulching:process of adding or layering dry leavesComposting:conversion of complex materials into

simpler ones with the help of micro organisms.Usage of Green manure.

Terrace/contour farming

Crop rotati on method

Land resourcesland occupies nearly 20 percent of the earth surface. It covers around 13000 million hectares of the area. The houses, roads and factories occupy nearly one third of the land. The forests occupy another one third of the land. The rest of land is used for ploughing and for meadows and pastures. The soil forms the surface layer of land which covers more than the 80 percent of land.

Conservation of land resources

Measures to overcome soil erosion1. Biological control: adapting of some living systems to

improve fertility. they areA. MulchingB. PolycultureC. Crop rotation

2. Mechanical control:A. Contour ploughing is a measure to conserve our land.

By this method, the fields are ploughed, harrowed and sown along the natural contour of the hills.

B. By terracing method: A series of wide steps are made along the slop following the contours. This method is very common in rice growing regions.

3. By educating, informing and sensitizing all landholders about various aspects of this precious resources and their sustainable use4. Under the afforestation and reforestation programmes, planting of trees, bushes and grass help to check the soil erosion.5. Strict actions are taken to check reckless felling of trees and overgrazing.6. Shelter belts (rows of trees) are planted on the margins of desert areas to check the fury of wind.7. Construction of dams and gully-trap inculcate the water-harvesting.

Shelter belts

Energy resources

Energy is the capacity to do work and is required for life processes. An energy resource is something that can produce heat, power life, move objects, or produce electricity.Matter that stores energy is called a fuel.

• Energy resources are classified into two types. They are:

Renewable:• solar energy,• wind energy,tidal energy,• geothermal energy etc..Non renewable energy:• coal,• Petrol,• diesel.etc..

Conservation of energy resources

• CFLs use 60% less energy than a regular bulb. This simple switch will save about 300 pounds of carbon dioxide a year.

• Change your travel behaviour, think more in terms of public transportation, if possible, walk or ride your bicycle instead of taking the car.

• Turn off lights and appliances when you are not using them, use energy-saving light bulbs.

• Use a microwave instead of a stove to reheat food.

MANSOURI AyoubPresented by :

Definition of pollution

• Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into a natural environment that causes instability, disorder, harm or discomfort to the ecosystem .

• Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy such as noise, heat or light.

Air pollution

Types of pollution

Air pollution : Definition

Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or damages the natural environment into the atmosphere.

- Industries.-Automobiles and Domestic fuels-Fire-High Proportion of undesirable

gases, such as sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide

Air pollution : Causes

Human healthAnimals PlantsThe atmosphere as a wholeAcid rain

Air pollution : Effects

How to prevent air pollution ?

CarpoolWalk or ride a bicycleConnect your outdoor

lights to a timer or use solar lighting.

Wash clothes with warm or cold water instead of hot.

Plant trees etc…….

Water pollution

Types of pollution

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater).

Water pollution occurs when pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds

Water pollution : Definition

Marine DumpingIndustrial WasteSewage, mainly from

households Nuclear wasteOil pollutionUnderground storage

leaks

Water pollution : Causes

Diseases like CholeraMalariaTyphoid (spread during

the rainy season )Aquatic life gets

destroyed

Water pollution : Effects

Turn off running waterFertilize correctlyOrganize or participate

in a clean upJoin a special society

devoted to the prevention of water pollution

Water pollution : Solutions

Noise pollution

Types of pollution

Noise pollution is displeasing human, animal or machine-created sound that disrupts the activity or balance of human or animal life.

Noise pollution : Definition

Traffic NoiseAir craft NoiseNoise from construction

and civil engineering works.

Noise from the Industries.

Noise from other sources.

Noise pollution : Causes

Hearing LossHigh Blood PressureStressSleep DisturbanceColour Blindness

Noise pollution : Effects

How to prevent noise pollutionThe government should

ensure the new machines are noise proof.

Airports should be away from residential areas.

‘No horn’ boards should be put on/near school areas.

We should talk less and work more.

Land pollution

Types of pollution

LAND POLLUTIONLand pollution is the

destruction of Earth's land surfaces through misuse of land resources by human activities. Polluted land has deposits of liquid and solid waste such as rubbish, garbage, paper, glass and plastic objects.

Accidental SpillsIndustrial AccidentsLandfill and illegal

dumpingAgricultural practicesMining and other

industriesOil and fuel dumpingBuried wastesDrainage of

contaminated surface water into the soil

Electronic waste

Land pollution : Causes

Land pollution : EffectsContaminated lands and environments can:

• Cause problems in the human respiratory system.• Cause problems on the skin.• Cause various kinds of cancers.

The toxic materials that pollute the soil can get into the human body directly by:• into contact with the skin.• washed into water sources like reservoirs and rivers.• Eating fruits and vegetables that have been grown in

polluted soil.• Breathing in polluted dust or particles.

How to prevent land pollution

More and more land should be brought under farming.

Trees should be planted everywhere.

Waste matter should be disposed immediately

Avoid drilling lands for underground water.

Avoid using fertilizer and pesticides for farming.

Radio Active pollution

Types of pollution

RADIO ACTIVE POLLUTION : DEFINITION

Despite the Advantage of nuclear as a clean energy, the big concern is the resulted from nuclear reaction, which is a form of pollution called Radio activity.

Radiation (Laser-Rays) will from Radio Active Pollution.

Radio Active Pollution : Causes

• Nuclear power plants(Ex:Neyveli,Kalpakkam)

• Nuclear Weapon(Ex:Missiles)• Disposal of Nuclear Waste• Uranium Mining

Radio Active Pollution : Effects The Diseases include blood

in cough Ulcer Swelling of bone joints Cancer Lung Cancer Skin Cancer Bone Cancer Eye Problems

How to Prevent of Radio Active Pollution

Avoid Constructing Nuclear Power Plants Avoid Using Nuclear Weapon Have Proper Treatment for Nuclear

Waste Avoid mining for Uranium to a minimal

WHY I SHOULD TALK LESS,BUT DO MORE FOR ENVIRONMENT

WATER

WHY I NEED TO

SAVE WATER?

WATER• Till 2025 half population of the world will face

very critical problems related to water.• Today also more than 1 billion people don’t

have access to safe water.• Rivers have 2% and Lakes conducts 87% of

water but day by day getting dried.

• In Villages of Bikaner, People get one gallon a day, and the Lake, is guarded by the people so that no one can take extra water.

• Studies shows Water was main reason for the household disputes in Mumbai and in other part of India.

HOW WE WASTE WATER AT INDIVIDUAL LEVEL?

• While brushing teeth, we waste around 5 liters a day.

• Small leakeages leads to 10 thousand liter gallon water waste in a year.

• We normally use 10 litres for use and 30 litres we waste while face-washing, drinking etc.

• We don’t worry much about water, because we believe Water is something which we gets everywhere.

HOW I CAN SAVE WATER AT INDIVIDUAL LEVEL?

• I will never let tap open when its not in use.• I will solve problem of water leakages in my house to contribute my

future.• I will use water but will never waste it.• I will encourage my friends for saving water by educating them

about water scarcity.• I completely understand water is our necessity and we need to

save it. so I will do every possible efforts to Save even a drop of water.

• My Individual efforts will never stop till this list,I will find as more as ways, I can find for Saving Water.

GARBAGE

WHY I NEED TO GO FOR CLEAN AND GREEN CITY

GARBAGE• Garbage is one of the main reason for the illnesses

like Malaria, fever which in return leads to serious illnesses.

• When we throw garbage in the lake or river, we are killing thousands of fish and violating river water which may be used by someone.

• The main reason for bad condition of Ganga is only WE. and garbage which we throw in lakes and rivers.

• Garbage which we throw in open places(maidan), affects in return our children as they play in these places.

• There are end number of –ve effects of Garbage which we needs to understand.

HOW I SUPPORT IN VIOLATING MY CITY?

• I throw garbage on road which in return effects all people passing from the Road even myself.

• I know Gantaghadi comes every morning but still I throw garbage in open places.

• I know dry and wet garbage should be kept separate but still I keep it in same dustbin just to save some money.

• I throw chocolate rappers, gutka rappers anywhere which in return hazard for the cleanliness of the city.

HOW I CAN MAKE CITY CLEAN AND GREEN AT INDIVIDUAL LEVEL

• I will never throw garbage on road.• I will never throw garbage on open places so that my

future genration will have healthy life.• I will never throw garbage in rivers and lakes, so that

more fish and water animal can have their life.• I will always dispose garbage in Ghantagadi only and

will guide others also.• I will educate my friends for not throwing garbage

anywhere, and to throw it at appropriate places so that My city can stay Clean And Green.

ENERGY

WHY I NEED TO

SAVE ENERGY?

ENERGY

• Many Villages in India, today also don’t have light connection.

• 90 percent of our Life’s work today is totally depends upon the use of energy.

• The raw-material for the production of Energy is reducing day by day, raw material such as water.

• Today we cannot live a day without Light then think about whole future without light, you will definetly get the answer why you need to save energy?

HOW WE WASTE ENERGY AT OUR LEVEL?

• We don’t switch off the lights when we leave our room.

• We don’t switch off the monitor when we are listening songs, it waste double energy.

• We don’t keep our a/c at low temperature so that we can save more energy.

• We don’t remove charger after battery charging is done it also results waste of energy.

• Energy is one of the most important part of our life, but we youth don’t understand the importance of it.

HOW I CAN SAVE ENERGY AT INDIVIDUAL LEVEL?

• I will switch off the lights whenever I am not in room, it save my money also.

• I will switch off the monitor as it waste 20 watts energy per hour.

• I will keep my a/c at low temperature and at the same time, will use whenever its needed.

• I will always try to save energy with my individual efforts so that I can contribute to my environment.

I will try and save more and more enrgy

What is global warming?

Global warming is when the earth heats up. 

It happens when greenhouse gases such as ,water vaporcarbon dioxide

and methane

trap heat and light from the sun in the earth’s atmosphere, which increases the temperature. 

,nitrous oxide

The Sun’s energy passes through the car’s windshield.

This energy (heat) is trapped inside the car and cannot pass back through the windshield, causing the inside of the car to warm up.

Greenhouse Effect

Effects of Global Warming

1. Polar ice caps melting

• Raise sea levels.

• Raise temperatures

• Affect Wildlife

Hurricanes and diseases cost money which affect a country’s economy

2. Economic Consequences

3. Increased probability and intensity of droughts and

heat waves

As the temperature

of oceans rise, so will

the probability of more frequent and stronger hurricanes.

4. Warmer waters and more hurricanes

5. Spread of disease

As northern countries warm, disease carrying insects migrate north, bringing plague and disease with them.

Wildlife Effects

• Polar Bears– Require pack ice to live– Might eventually go extinct in the wild

• Sea turtles– Breed on the same islands as

their birth– Could go extinct on some islands

as beaches are flooded

• Other species may go extinct as rainfall patterns change throughout the world

What’s the proof that global warming is taking place?

Drought in Africa

Lake Faguibine Lake Chad

19142004

Colorado River, Arizona

Portage Glacier, Alaska

June 2002Dec 2003

Why is global warming happening?

Rapid CO2 Increases

Burning of Fossil Fuels in plants, factories, cars and houses

Methane from rice paddies both ends of animals, garbage in landfills and mining operations

Nitrous oxide from fertilizers and other chemicals

Possible Solutions to Global Warming

Mitigation of Global Warming

• Conservation– Reduce energy needs– Recycling

• Alternate energy sources– Nuclear– Wind– Geothermal– Hydroelectric– Solar– Fusion

Together we can make a big change!

Save earth,save plants,go green.

• Keep rooms cool by closing the blinds, shades, or curtains.

• Conserve electricity! DO NOT leave appliances on standby

• Turn off the lights when you leave.

• Use CFLs

IncandescentCompact FluorescentWhat’s the

difference?

•1,430 lbs. CO2

Pollution avoided

•500 lbs. of coal

•1400 Php saved

•Avoid turning up the air conditioner. Instead dress lightly or use a fan.

•Keep the air filters on your AC clean.

•Walk short distances instead of asking for ride in the car.

•Plant a tree •Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

is there a need to save

The reason for this sudden global call to save earth is the destruction that has changed the face of earth. Problems like global warming, pollution, overuse of minerals, deforestation and natural calamities like volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, earthquakes, etc. have caused destruction on earth.

WHEN ASTRONAUTS FIRST SAW THE EARTH FORM

SPACE , IT LOOKED BLUE DUE TO THE PRESENCE OF WATER . SO THE EARTH IS ALSO CALED

THE‘WATERY PLANET ‘OR THE BLUEPLANET

WATER IS FOUND MOSTLY IN OCEANS, SEAS,GULFS,BAYS

ETC.

is responsible for this

to

USE COMPACT FLUORESCENT BULBSIf you replace 3 frequently used light bulbs with compact fluorescent bulbs, you save 300 lbs. of carbon dioxide and Rs.2,789.40 per year.

INFLATE YOUR TIRESKeep the tires on your car adequately inflated. Check them monthly. You can save about 250 lbs. of Carbon Dioxide and about Rs.39,000 per year.

USE RECYCLED PAPERMake sure your printer paper is 100% post consumer recycled paper. You can save 5 lbs. of carbon dioxide per ream of paper every year.

BUY MINIMALLY PACKAGED GOODSLess packaging could reduce your

garbage by 10% and also save 1,200 pounds of carbon dioxide and nearly Rs.47,000 per year.

BUY A HYBRID CARAn average hybrid car driver could save 16,000 lbs. of CO2 and about Rs.1,74,000 per year.

CARPOOL WHEN YOU CANOwn a big vehicle? Carpooling with friends and co-workers saves fuel. You can save 790 lbs. of carbon dioxide and thousands of rupees per year.

PLANT A TREETrees suck up carbon dioxide and make clean air for us to breathe. By planting just one tree, you can save about 2,000 lbs. of carbon dioxide per year.

REPLACE OLD APPLIANCESInefficient appliances waste energy. Save hundreds of lbs. of carbon dioxide and thousands of rupees per year.

UNPLUG UN-USED ELECTRONICSEven when electronic devices are

turned off, they use energy. By unplugging them, you can save over 1,000 lbs. of CO2 and Rs.12,000 per year.

Teach others about the importance of the environment and how they can help save rainforests.

ONE BLOW

WOULD BE ENOUGH

TO DO IT ALL

YOU NOW HAVE TWO OPTIONS…

/

THERE IS NOTHING NEW AND DIFFERENT IN THIS PRESENTATION

BUT YES, AN EFFORT TO REMIND YOU ALL THAT HOW WE HARM OUR ENVIRONMENT AND

HOW WE CAN CONTRIBUTE OUR ENVIRONMENT.

BECAUSE TODAY IT MAY DON’T AFFECT US BUT IS IT REALLY A GOOD GIFT TO

GIVE OUR FUTURE GENRATION?THINK AND DO.

WE REQUEST YOU…

• USE- HOW MUCH YOU NEED • KEEP- HOW MUCH YOU WANT.

OTHERWISE,

PLEASE SAVE WHAT YOU CAN

ConclusionI am the earth.

You are the earth. The Earth is dying.

You and I are murderers

PRASHANTHINI R

T H

A N

K Y

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