Environment Impact Assessment and Environment Management …€¦ · 3.3 ECO-ENVIRONMENT .28 3.4...

World Bank Financed Project

Shi-Man Expressway Rural Road Upgrading Project

Baoxia-Zhushan Rural Road

Environment Impact Assessment and

Environment Management Plan

Hubei Provincial Communications Department

Mar. 2004 Wuhan China

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CONTENT

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................... 1I

1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND .

1.2 PROGRESS OF EA .11.3 PURPOSE OF EA .21.4 BASIS OF ASSESSMENT .21.5 SCOPE OF THE EA .41.6 EA FACTORS .4

1.7 CONTENTS OF EA .41.8 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION TARGETS .51.9 APPLICABLE STANDARD FOR EA .14

1.10 METHODOLOGY FOR EA .16

CHAPTER 2 OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT .................................. 17

2.1 GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION .17

2.2 FUNCTION OF THE PROPOSED ROAD .17

2.3 CURRENT CONDITIONS OF THE EXISTING ROAD .18

2.4 ROAD ALIGNMENT .19

2.5 EXISTING ROAD UTILIZATION .19

2.6 MAJOR TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS .20

2.7 TRAFFIC VOLUME PROJECTION .21

2.8 BORROWING AND DEPOSIT BALANCE .21

2.9 SOURCE AND TRANSPORTATION OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL .222.10 COST ESTIMATE AND FINANCING PLAN ................................ 222.11 IMPLEMENTATION PLAN ................................ 232.12 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ................................ 23

CHAPTER 3 BASELINE ENVIRONMENT ................................ 26

3.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT .26

3.2 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT .26

3.3 ECO-ENVIRONMENT .28

3.4 NATURAL RESOURCE .30

3.5 BASELINE OF ENVIRONMENT QUALITY .30

CHAPTER 4 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES ............................... 34

4.1 IMPACT ON ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAND MITIGATION MEASURES ........................................ 344.2 IMPACT ON ACOUSTIC ENVIRONMENTAND MITIGATION MEASURES .37

4.3 IMPACT ON SURFACE WATER ENVIRONMENTAND MITIGATION MEASURES ........... .................... 414.4 IMPACT ON AMBIENT AIR AND MITIGATION MEASURES ............................................................. 434.5 IMPACT OF LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURE ..................... 44

4.6 SOCIAL IMPACT ..................................................................... 444.7 IMPACT ON EXISTING TRAFFIC CONDITION AND MITIGATION ....................... ............................. 454.8 MANAGEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION CAMPS ................................... 464.9 ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFIT ................................... 474.10 SAFEGUARDS ASSURANCE AND COMPLIANCE .47

CHAPTER 5 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE .49

5.1 METHODOLOGY .49

5.2 RESULTS .49

5.3 RESPONSE TO PUBLIC CONCERNS .55

5.4 INFORMATION DISCLOSURE .56

CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS .58

CHAPTER 7 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN .60

7.1 CONTENTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN .................... ......................... 607.2 MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATIONS ............................................. 607.3 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN ............................................. 637.4 PERSONNEL TRAINING ............................................ 69........ 697.5 COST ESTIMATE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ............................................ 69

List of Maps

Map1: Location of Proposed Road in Poverty Area of Hubei Province

Map2: Location of Proposed Road in Shiyan City and its Service Function

Map3: The Alignment of Proposed Road and Location of Sensitive Spots

Map4: Location of Monitoring Spots of Proposed Road

Map5: Location of Public Consultation Activities

List of Tables

Table 1-5-1 Scopes of Environmental Assessment

Table 1-8-1 Sensitive Receptors to Acoustic Environment and Ambient AirTable 1-8-2 Roadside Sensitive Receptors to Surface Water EnvironmentTable 1-8-3 Protection Targets for Ecological and Social EnvironmentTable 1-8.4 Major Protective Socio-economic Targets

Table 1-9-1 Applied Surface Water Quality Standard

Table 1-9-2 Applied Integrated Wastewater discharge StandardTable 1-9-3 Applied Noise Limit for Construction Site BoundaryTable 1-9-4 Applied Noise Limits for Construction SiteTable 1-9-5 Applied Ambient Air Quality Standard

Table 1-9-6 Applied Soil Corrosion Intensity ClassificationTable 2-3-1 Technical Parameters of the Existing RoadTable 2-5-1 Summary of the Realigned Section

Table 2-5-2 Work Quantity

Table 2-6-1 Major Technical Specifications

Table 2-7-1 Projected Traffic Volume

Table 3-2-1 Recent Major Economic Indicators for Affected Area in Year 2001Table 3-3-1 Vegetation Coverage Rate of Roadside TownsTable 3-3-2 Current Status of Soil Erosion in the Major Roadside TownsTable 3-3-3 Ancient Trees within the Project AreaTable 3-5-1 Monitoring result of acoustic environmentTable 3-5-2 Water Quality in the Beixing Bridge and Assessment ResultTable 3-5-3 Ambient Air Quality and Assessment ResultTable 4-2-1 Mitigation Measures in Construction PhaseTable 4-2-2 Mitigation Measures against Noise

Table 5-1-1 Number of People Surveyed

Table 5-1-2 Statistics of the People Surveyed

Table 5-1-3 Public Consultation Results

Table 5-1-4 Summary of Questionnaire Results

Table 5-4-1 Timing, Location and Means of Information Disclosure.Table 7-2-1 Responsibilities for Environmental Management OrganizationsTable 7-2-2 Main Responsibilities for Supervision OrganizationsTable 7-3-1 Impact Mitigation Measures

Table 7-3-2 Environmental Supervision PlanTable 7-3-3 Environmental Monitoring PlanTable 7-4-1 Personnel Training Program

Table 7-5-1 Cost Estimation of Environmental Protection Measures

Baoxia-Zhushan Rural Road EIA and EMP SSSRI

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Project Background

The proposed Baoxia to Zhushan road (Baozhu road) is one of the rural road upgradingcomponents in the Shiyan to Manchuanguan (Shiman) expressway. The HPCD includes thiscomponent in the Shiman project with the consideration of the maximizing the benefits of theexpressway to the local areas as well as the priority roads in the Shiyan's 2003-2005 roadnetwork plan. The rural road upgrading in the Shiman project will be implemented in phases.The first phase includes Baoxia to Zhushan road (this project) and the Jiangjunhe HanjiangRiver Bridge.

The proposed Baoxia-Zhushan road is located within Yun County and Zhushan County, whichare under the jurisdiction of Shiyan municipality of Hubei Province, P. R. China (shown inmapl). In the northwest of Hubei Province in border with Shaanxi, Henan, and Chongqingprovinces, this area is characterized by high mountains and rolling terrain. The difficult terrainand geographical features create enormous barrier to road transportation in the area,impeding the reginal economic development of this area and resulting in severe poverty. BothYun and Zhushan Counties are classified as national-level poverty counties of China, thus thefocus for poverty alleviation effort in Hubei Province. Map 1 shows the location of theproposed road in the poverty area of Hubei Province.

The existing Baoxia-Zhushan road was constructed in 1979 to the Class 4 standard for highlymountainous regions and has since been in operation for over 20 years. With severalupgrading project in the past, some sections of the road have reached the Class 3 standardfor highly mountainous region. However poor road conditions still remain in some sections,such as steep slope, narrow surface and zigzag route as well as the dusty dry days and muddywet days. The Baoxia-Zhushan road is the vital transportation link connecting the north andsouth of Hanjiang River, as well as the only road transportation to Baozhu and Shuangtaitownships. The existing transportation conditions are far from what is needed to support,sustain and promote the regional economic development and in fact have become a limit toeven the current regional transportation needs. Clearly, upgrading of the existingBaoxia-Zhushan road is imminent.

With considerations of poverty alleviation in the rural area and the World Bank projectselection guides, Hubei Provincial Communication Department (HPCD) has applied for a loanfrom the World Bank to partially finance the rural road upgrading works. Hubei ProvincialTransportation Planning and Design Institute was contracted to carry out the feasibility studyfor the proposed works in November 2002, which was completed in May 2003. Now, HBCPDIis conducting the Preliminary Design of the Project.

1.2 Progress of EA

In March 2003, Shanghai Ship and Shipping Research Institute (SSSRI) was retained by

Shi-Uun Expreemy LegendN | Proposed Road

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unxi County Xiao-Xiang Expressway

Shi-Man Expressway

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smannKmmusm i'~Provincial Boundry

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Mapi Location of Proposed Road in Poverty Area of Hubei 4P i

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Mapl~~~~~~~~~~ ~L Loato of Propose Road in aovert nge ty HueIroic

Baoxia-Zhushan Rural Road ElA and EMP SSSRI

HPCD to undertake Environmental Assessment (EA) for this project. An EA team was formedimmediately and conducted preliminary site investigation along the proposed project alignment,initial data collection, and the various forms of consultation with affected public, organizationsand local governments during March-April 2002. An environmental baseline monitoringprogram was then initiated to cover the project area. On the basis of the site investigation,information collection and analysis and baseline monitoring, potential impacts of the projectwere identified, screened, and assessed. Relevant environmental mitigation measures,corresponding costs, and environmental management plan were then proposed followingadditional public consultation and disclosure of project information to the public. The draft EAdocumentation was completed in June 2003. In October, 2003, a World Bank missionconducted an appraisal of the project. According to the Aide Memoir and comments receivedduring the appraisal, the EA team revised this environmental impact assessment report andenvironmental management plan. In March 2004, a World Bank mission officially appraisedthe Shiman expressway project including the rural road components. Following commentsreceived from the appraisal, the EA team revised the environmental impact assessment reportand environmental management plan. In late March 2004.

1.3 Purpose of EA

The EA predicts various environmental and socio-economic impacts of the Project, andanalyzes the impacts quantitatively where possible or qualitatively through investigation ormonitoring of the physical, biological, and socio-economic environment, and through publicconsultation along the project area. More specifically, the purposes of the EA are:

* To improve the decision-making process by introducing environmental criteria andassessment to design engineers and decision makers and to ensure the Project isenvironmentally sound and sustainable;

* To ensure adverse environmental impacts be identified and evaluated in the earlier stageof the Project development so as to develop appropriate measures including alternativealignments and designs to avoid, mitigate, reduce or otherwise minimize the adverseimpacts to acceptable levels;

* To develop measures of compensation for the impacts which could not be avoided ormitigated; andTo provide a basis for Project executing agency and relevant government agencies todevelop and implement plans for environmental management and monitoring.

1.4 Basis of Assessment

1.4.1 World Bank Requirements

The World Bank requirements include primarily the Bank's ten safeguards policies, includingOperational Policies (OP), Best Procedure (BP), Good Practice (GP) and OperationalDirectives (OD). These safeguards policies are:

* Environmental Assessment (OP/BP/GP4.01);* Forestry (OP/GP4.36);

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* Natural Habitats (OP/BP4.04);* Safety of Dams (OP/BP4.37);* Pest Management (OP4.09);* Involuntary Resettlement (OP4.12);* Indigenous People (OD4.20);* Cultural Property (0P4.11);* Projects in Disputed Areas (OP/BP/GP7.60); and* Projects on International Waterways (OP/BP/GP7.50).

Among these safeguards policies, Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01) is the primaryrequirements and thus the focus of this report. In addition, policies on InvoluntaryResettlement (OP4.12), Indigenous People (OD4.20), Forest (OP4.36), and Cultural Property(OP4.11) are also applied in the EA at least in the screening stage or full process if triggered.

Since no project components will involve international waterways, dam construction or indisputed areas as defined in OP7.60, natural habitats and pest management, policies relatedto these subjects are not applied in the EA. In addition, the World Bank Financed ProjectOffice of HPCD has contracted another institute to carry out the social assessment, and theresettlement team is responsible for the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP). The major findingsand conclusions from these other teams are included in this EA.

Therefore, the following World Bank safeguard policies are applied in this EA:

* Environmental Assessment (OP/BP/GP4.01);* Forestry (OP/GP4.36);* Involuntary Resettlement (OP4.12);* Indigenous-People (OD4.20); and* Cultural Property (OP4.11).

1.4.2 Legal Framework for EA

The following laws and regulations form the legal framework for this EA:

* Environmental Protection Law of PRC of December 26, 1989;* Land Management Law of PRC of August 29, 1998;* Water and Soil Conservation Law of PRC of June 29, 1991;* Water Pollution Prevention Law of PRC of May 15, 1996;* Noise Pollution Prevention Law of PRC of October 29, 1996;* Air Pollution Prevention Law of PRC of April 29, 2000;* Solid Waste Pollution Prevention Law of PRC of October 30, 1995;* Rules of Environmental Protection Management for Construction Projects, issued by the

State Council of PRC;* Measures Concerning with the Environmental Protection and Management for

Transportation Construction Projects, issued by MOC;* Rules of Environmental Protection Management for Traffic Construction Project, Hubei

EPB, October 1993;

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Notice to Strengthen the Environmental Impact Assessment and Management ofConstruction Projects Financed by Loan from International Financial Organizations, jointlyissued by SEPA, the State Planning Commission, the Ministry of Finance and thePeople's Bank of China;

* Rules for Water Pollution Control of Hanjiang River Basin in Hubei Province, issued by theStanding Committee of the People's Congress of Hubei Province, November 27, 1999;

* Preliminary Design Report for Baoxia-Zhushan Road under the Rural Road UpgradingComponent of Shiyan-Manchuanguan Expressway Project, prepared by Hubei ProvincialTransportation Planning and Design Institute; and

* Surface Water Function Zoning of Hubei Province, issued by Hubei EPB, January 25,2000.

1.5 Scope of the EA

The EA coverage for this project is presented in the following Table 1-5-1.

Table 1-5-1 Scopes of Environmental AssessmentItems EA Coverage

Socio-economic/cultura Areas within 200 m from the road, and those to be directly impactedI environment by the project.

Biologica environmet .Areas within 300 m from the road. Borrow and deposit area and landfor temporary occupation

Acoustic environment Areas within 200 m from the road's central line.

environment Areas within 200 m from the road's central line.Water environment Areas within 200 m from the road's central line and within 1000 m

upper stream and downstream from bridges.

1.6 EA Factors

Based on the previous experience of EA for road construction and upgrading project, the mainenvironmental factors to be covered in this assessment for the Project are as follows:

* Acoustic environment: LAeq* Ambient air: NO,, PMto* Water environment: SS, permanganate index, oil* Eco-environment: land occupation, vegetation loss, and soil erosion* Social environment: Social economy, living quality, and infrastructure

1.7 Contents of EA

The contents of EA for this Project have been identified based on the nature of the Project andits geographical location, as follows:

* Eco-environment;* Surface water environment (including accident risk analysis)

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* Acoustic environment* Ambient air* Social environmentThis report places its focus on the biological environment and acoustic environmentassessment.

1.8 Environment Protection Targets

Based on detailed and thorough site reconnaissance and the information collected fromrelevant local agencies, the EA team has determined that within the project area there is nonatural reserve, significant scenic and cultural sites. The major environment protection targetswithin the area are the roadside villages, schools, hospitals, and water body where theproposed road will cross. Following sections present the details on these targets:

1.8.1 Protection Targets for Acoustic Environment and Ambient Air

The Project will pass through a rolling mountain area with its alignment from north to south throughBaoxia Town of Yun County, Shuangtai, Pankou and Chengguan Towns of Zhushan County.Except the roadside areas in Baoxia, Shuangtain and Chengguan Townships where rural residentsare relatively concentrated, the remaining road sections particularly those in the Zhushan countyhave scarce population along the road. In addition, several hospitals and schools scatter along theroad. Major protection targets or sensitive receptors identified for acoustic environment andambient air are presented in Table 1-8.1 and shown in the photographs that follow.

Table 1-8-1 Sensitive Receptors to Acoustic Environment and Ambient AirMin. No. of

No. Name Location Distance to Scale first row Remarksroad center hnetside

The hospital is within Baoxia Town ofYun County. It was found in 1985 and

57 classified as the Class A hospital.Central 15-30 m to medical There is a 6-story clinic building and a

1 Hospital of KO+050 15he eas tofmedicaln 3-story ward building which is oppositeBaoxia the road 25 ward to the road. There are 57 staff and 25Town bedse ward beds in the hospital. Simple

beds. operations, such as silica, orthopedicsand parturition, can be done in thehospital.A big town connecting the southernYuanxian County and Zhushan County.

About 14 The proposed road will pass the edgeBaoxia KO+000-K 5b20 m from household of the town. Most of the houses2 Town 1+700 both sides of s and 60 roadside are for commercial use, but

the road people some 2-3 story residential dwellings.Corridor is in between of the beddingrooms and the road. And the windowsare noise insulation.

About A concentrated roadside village whichAbout ^ t 12is constructed on the terrain. The floorNo. 4 35 About 12 m ihrta1h odsraeGroup of K6+200-K 5-10 m to househo household is 5 m higher than the road surface.3 Hetian 6+350 the east side Ids and s and 50 Most of the houses are made of mudVillage of the road, 120 people and oriented irregularly. There are 12Villgeotheraepeople houses at the first row, with 7 side

PeoPle facing and 5 right facing the road. .

5


Min. No. ofNo. Name Location Distance to Scale first row Remarks

road center hhlreside

There are two rows of flat classrooms,Hetian 3-30 m to teach with 5 classrooms closer to the road4 Primary K6+250 the eastside and 70 and 7 classrooms far from the road.School of the road st d ts The floor surface is 3 m higher than theSchooloftherd students road surface.

About A concentrated village at the both sidesNo. Group 3-10 m to 55 About 12 of the road, and the houses areof the east and househo household oriented irregularly. There are 125 Zhaowan K8+650 west side of Ids and s and 45 houses at the first row, 3-10 m fromVillage the road 200 people the road. 5 houses are right facing thepeople road, and 7 side facing the road butpeople without windows.

Zhaowan 20 m to the t2each The proposed road will has a shrt-sut6 primary K11+000 west side of achers- here and lay its alignment through theSchool the road and 26 east side of the classroom by 20 m._________ ~~~~studentsThe road will change its route to passthe school at the east side from the

29 west side. The school is layout on aDonghe 5-60 m from teachers slope. There is a 5-story instructional7 Middle K11+300 the east side and 473 building, a 4-story dormitory buildingSchool of the road students and a row of flat houses foraccommodating teachers. The playyard and the toilet room are likely to bedemolished.

About This village sparsely spreads at the5-15 m from 40 About 9 both sides of the road and layouted on.. Jujapn K11+800- the two househo household the terrain. The houses are of I or 2unjaping +0K12+000 sides of the Ids and s and 40 stories. about 9 houses at the first rowroad 160 people are right facing the road, and 5-15 m

people I _ from the road.The existing road passes the village

About center. Constrained by the roadside40 m from 120 houses, the radius of the road is too

Donghe K12+000- the west househo short. The proposed road will change9 Village K12+500 side of the Ids and its route and pass the south side of theroad 500 village 80 m away. So the village willreo le be avoided by the new road which ispeople 40 m from the concentrated residential

area of the village.There is a 4-story building, and thefloor surface of the third story is as

7 high as the surface of the proposed80 m from d road. The first story is used as the

10 Donghe K12+000 the west doctors dormitory, the second story is used asHospital side of the and 9 the ward department, the third story isroad ward used as the clinic and drug

beds department, and the forth story is usedas the administrative department. The

_________ ___________ building is side facing the road.Tangping 100 m from teah The school is borded with walls. There11 Primary K22+950 side of the ac er is a 2-story instructional building, 100School road students m from the road.

6


Min No. ofNo. Name Location Distance to Scale first row Remarksroad center hh/resident ________________AboutNo. 2 5-20 m from 55 About 22 A large village at the east side of the

12 Group of K23+100- the east side househo household road. New and old houses mix up. AreGaoqiao K23+820 of the road Ids and s and 120 24 houses at the first row, with 20 areVillage

200 people right facing the road.I ________

people

A small river is between the school andGunzigou the west teachers the road. There is a 2-story

13 Primary K25+700 side ws tead 50 instructional building and is 50 m fromSchool ridd o the and the road. The school is bordered withroad students walls.At the east

side of theroad. The There is a 2-story instructional building,

Primary boundary I and the school is bordered with wall.14 School of K27+900 wall and the teacher The classroom is on the second floor,

Yanchi classroom is and 26 and the first floor is occupied by theVillage 5m and 20 students villager's committee.m from the

roadrespectively.The eastside of theZuoji road. The 11 There is a 2-story instructional building

15 Prima K37+700 classroom teachers and a flat dormitory which are 5 m fromSchmry 3 and the and 224 the road. The surface of the floor isSchool dormitory is students 5-8 m higher than the road surface.5 m from the

road.

8 There is a 2-story building in thedoctors hospital. The first story is lower thanHospital of 5 m from the and 3 the road surface and is used as the

16 Shuangtai K43+700 east side of word dormitory. The second story is used asTown the road rooms the clinic and ward and operationwith 6 room. There are 8 doctors who arewih 6able to carry simple operations, such_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ as silica, orthopedics and parturition.Shuangtai K43+700- 5 m from Most of the roadside houses are for17 Town K43+850 bothe road

commercial and public uses.About It is a concentrated village with old and

No. 2 5-10 m from 30 About 20 new houses mixing up. There are 3018 Group of K56+300 both sides of househo household households in the village, with 20 are

Nankou the road Ids and s and 80 roadside and right facing the road. TheVillage

1'20 people roadside houses are 5-10 m from thepeople road.There is a flat house , used as the5-10 m from 9 dormitory for teachers, is right facing

Taoyuan the west teachers and 10 m from the road. There is19 Primary K56+500 side of the

-ac 210 another row of flat houses, used as theSchool road students warehouse and library, back to theroad with windows. The Classroomsare 30 m from the road.


A.e.

t- -_|F5t -- ~ ~ ~~~~~~- 319Mt

No. 4 Group of Hetian Village Hetian Primary school

No. 1 Group of Zhaowan Village Zhaowan Primary School

Donghe Middle School Junjiaping Village

Donghe Village Donghe Hospital

9


Tangping Primary School No. 2 Group of Gaoqiao Village

Gunzigou Primary School Jianchi Primary School

Zuoji Primary School Hospital of Shuangtai Town

~~~~~~~~a* , , _ . -nt

Shuangtai Town No. 2 Group of Nankou Village

t0

U ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ * .


I~~~~

Taoyuan Primary School Santai Primary School

A ..

Tianwan School Medical School of Zhushan County

Hospital of Zhushan Medical School Chengguan Town of Zhushan Town1.8.2 Protection Targets for Surface Water Environment

The river and other surface water bodies in the projectarea are abundant. The proposed Project will extendalong the rivers in the mountain area. The proposedalignment will wind along three rivers, Dong River,Lanyu River and Beixing River, before reaching itsend at Zhushan. These rivers are narrow, less than15 m and the proposed road will cross these riversthrough bridges or culverts several times. The majorwater environment protection targets are presentedin Table 1-8-2 and shown in the following photograph.

Dong River

Baoxia-Zhushan Rural Road EIA and EMP SSSRITable 1-8-2 Roadside Sensitive Receptors to Surface Water EnvironmentName of water Applicable Position of river to the road Remarks

body standardThe road section within KO~K31 iswill extend along the river at theDong River Standard II east side. The road will cross the The roadside residents relyriver for several times by tunnels on the water from mountainand bridges.

spring. Although the waterThe road will extend along the quality is good in theseLanyu River at the section rivers, they are not theLanyu River Standard II K31 -K54. There are several water supply source for thecrossings with the river by bridges residents. No concentratedand tunnels.

intake for water supply isThe road will extend along the found on these rivers.Beixing River Standard II Beixing River at the sectionK54-81.

Lanyu River Beixing River1.8.3 Protection Targets for Ecological Environment

The proposed road is within the highly rolling terrain, including the water source for theNational South to North Water Transfer Project. Based on site survey and investigation, themajor ecological protection targets are summarized in Table 1-8-3.

Table 1-8-3 Protection Targets for Ecological and Social EnvironmentProtection Location Environmental characteristics Impacting

objects

activitiesSoil reservation As the project is located in mountainous regionSoil reservationtherefore several sections will involve the hill cutting ep dign

(deep digging Along the exercise. In addition 2 new tunnels will be cutting, soiland disposal road constructed. Therefore certain amount of spoil will be borrowing and

site), produced, which is likely to trigger soil erosion. waste disposalPlants and wild Along the Part of the roadside hills are covered by sparse Road expansion,animal road cypress trees, bamboos and some paddy field. No earth works

wild animals are found borrow pit.K7+500 This ancient tree is 7 m high, and 20 m from the road.Photo shows the location of the tree.This tree is 20 m from the road, and surrounded byK23+820 village houses. It is well protected. Photo shows the Deep digginglocation of the tree.

cutting, soilAncient and K26+900 This tree is 20 m from the road. Photo shows the borrowing and

precious trees location of the tree. waste disposalThese tree is 200 m from the road, and the Dong and accident

K29+650 River is in between. The two ancient trees are in good damage.condition. Photo shows the location of the trees.K33+900 The trees are 5-10 m from the road and one is ingood condition. Photo shows the location of the trees.

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Baoxia^Zhushan Rural Road EIA and EMP SSSRI

Ancient Tree near K7+500 Ancient Tree near K23+820

Ancient Tree near K26+900 Ancient Trees near K29+650

Ancient Trees near K33+900

1.8.4 Protection Object for Social Environment

This proposed road project is welcomed by the local people for its significant social andenvironmental benefits. However social impacts will be produced by the project. Based on sitesurvey and investigation, the major social protection targets are summarized in Table 1-8-4.

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Baoxia-Zhushan Rural Road EIA and EMP SSSRITable 1-8.4 Major Protective Socio-economic TargetsEnvironment Protection objects Location Environmental characteristics Impacting

atlfactors .

.activitiesLow cultivated land per capitalAlong the value, poor soil. About 117.16 mu RoadLand acquisition ong te land will be occupied, and no widroad structures will be demolished by wideningthe project.Social

The current traffic will beenvironment Traffic safety Along the interrupted during implementation, Roadroad affecting the daily life of roadside constructionpeople.Irrigation structures Along the

Roadroad _

constructionHuman health Along the Construction camp and human Daily life

______ ______ _____ ______ _____ road settlem ent center

1.9 Applicable Standard for EA

According to the Technical Guideline for EA and EA Specifications for Road Project (interimedition), the following standards are applied for the EA.

1.9.1 Surface Water

Although the affected rivers are small and they have not been planned for particular protectionfunctional uses, these rivers confluence with the Hanjiang River, the water source of thenational South to North Water Transfer Project. According to the advices of EPBs from Yunand Zhushan Counties, these small rivers will be evaluated by Class II of EnvironmentalQuality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002), and Class I of the Water Standards forAgricultural Irrigation (GB 5084-92) are applied in this EA (see Table 1-9-1 for detail). Class Iof the Integrated Wastewater discharge Standard (GB8978-1996) is applied in this EA forwastewater discharge (see Table 1-9-2 for detail).

Table 1-9-1 Applied Surface Water Quality Standard (Unit: mg/Il)Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002)Item

CODc&_ 15Permanganate index, 4OilK

0.05SS, 150Note: the data is from the Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002)

Table 1-9-2 Applied Integrated Wastewater discharge Standard (unit: mg/l)Pollutant COD cr Oil

SSClass I 100 10

70Note: the data is from the Integrated Wastewater discharge Standard (GB8978-1996).

1.9.2 Acoustic Environment

14

Baoxia-Zhushan Rural Road EIA and EMP SSSRINoise Limits for Construction Site (GB12523-90) are applied in the assessment for noiseimpacts in construction phase (Table 1-8-3). For residential areas, Class IV of Standard ofEnvironmental Noise of Urban Area (GB3096-93) is applied for assessment of noise impact inoperation phase. For sensitive receptors such as schools and hospitals, the more stringentstandards, Class I, in GB3096-93 are applied. Detailed standards are given in Table 1-9-3 and1-9-4.

Table 1-9-3 Applied Noise Limit for Construction Site Boundary Unit: dB(A)Noise limit

Construction stage Major source of noiseDaytime

Night timeStructuring

Concrete mixer, etc. 70 55

Finishing Crane, elevator

65 55Note: the data is from the Noise Limits for Construction Site (GB12523-90)

Table 1-9-4 Applied Noise Limits for Construction Site unit: dB(A)Classification Daytime Nighftime

Applicable zone1 55 45 Residential, culture & education zone4 70 55 Both sides of trunk roadsNote: the data is from the Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban Area (GB3096-93)

1.9.3 Ambient Air

The ambient air quality is evaluated against Class II in the Ambient Air Quality Standard(GB3095-1996), listed in Table 1-9-5.

Table 1-9-5 Applied Ambient Air Quality Standard unit: mg/Nm 3Pollutant NOx NO2 PM10

Measureti

Daily average 0.1 0.12 0.15

Hourly average 0.15 0.24Note: the data is from the Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996),

1.9.4 Eco-environment

EA Specifications for Road Project (interim edition) has been applied to assess soil corrosionconditions of the project area, the indicators for classification are presented in Table 1-9-6below.

Table 1-9-6 Applied Soil Corrosion Intensity ClassificationClass Corrosion ratio (t/k2.year)

I Weak corrosion (with apparent trace) 100011 minor corrosion

1000-2500Ill moderate corrosion 2500-5000IV strong corrosion 5000-8000V Significant corrosion

8000-15000VI Severe corrosion >15000Note: the data is from the EA Technical Guidelines for Road Projects (interim edition)

15

Baoxia-Zhushan Rural Road EIA and EMP SSSRI1.10 Methodology for EA

The EA applies as its principle for the methodology of focusing on key (sensitive) sites, coverselected sections and reflecting the entire project area.Site investigation and collected data analysis are the primary methods for the assessment ofsocial and economic impacts, as well as ecosystem impacts assessment. Analogy analysismethod is applied for assessing acoustic environment and ambient air impacts. Analogyanalysis method is also applied for assessing soil corrosion and water environment. Extensivepublic consultation is conducted to understand and address the concerns from the directlyaffected public.

16


Chapter 2 Overview of the Project2.1 Geographical Location

The proposed road is located within Shiyan city which is at the northwest of Hubei Province.The proposed road will cross Yun and Zhushan Counties under the jurisdiction of Shiyan City.The project area is an inter-provincial joint area of Hubei, Henan and Shaanxi provinces. It isbordered by Xiangfan city of Hubei Province to the east, Ankang Region of Shaanxi Provinceto the west, Shennongjia Region and Chongqing City to the south and by Shangluo Region ofShaanxi Province and Nanyang City of Henan Province to the north. This area is bounded byQinling Mountains to the north and Daba Mountain to the south, with the Hanjiang Riverflowing through. It is a highly mountainous region and an important corridor for Huazhong(Middle China) Region to connect the Xinan region (Southwest China) and Xibei region(Northwest China). The proposed project is the most important south-north corridor of thisregion. Map I and 2 show the geological location of the proposed project.2.2 Function of the Proposed Road

Shiyan City relies primarily on road and railway transportation followed by water shipping.There is presently a transportation network in the region. Xiang-Yu Railway is the majorrailway traversing the city, while the water shipping service is largely concentrated on HanjiangRiver and Du River. The road network which is built on a 'three horizontal and three vertical"grid has been formed by the trunk roads, national and provincial level road, and the ruralroads connecting the counties and villages. Map 2 shows the position of the project as well asthe regional network. The first "horizontal line" refers to the Danyun Road, Yunman Roadand Shanghu Road, which connect the Xiangfan City, the Jiangbei area of Danjiangkou City,Jiangbei area of Yun County and Yun County before entering into Shaanxi Province. Thesecond "horizontal line" refers to the new G316 road, which connects Xiangfan City, Jiangnanarea of Danjiangkou City, Shiyan City and the Jiangnan area of Yun County, before enteringBaihe County of Shaanxi Province. The third "horizontal line" refers to the S305 road, whichconnects Xiangfan City, Fan County, Zhuanshan County and Zhuxi County, before enteringShaanxi Province. The first "vertical line" refers to the road line connecting Dabakou toYangwei road which extends from Hanjing bridge to Zhuxi road, Zhuxi to Zhenping road linkingfrom north to south Sha'anxi province, Yunxi county, Baihe river, Zhushan county, Zhuxicounty and finally reaching Chongqi city. The second "vertical line" refers to the road Yunxi toYangwei road, through Hanjiang bridge to Baoxia to Zhushan road, i.e., this proposed roadand then linking Zhushan to Xianba road through Yunxi, Yun, Zhushan counties and finally toChongqi city via county and village roads. The third "vertical line" refers to G209 enteringHubei province from Hunan province and linking Jiangbei district of of Yun county, Hanjiangriver, Shiyan city, Fangxian to the south and reaching the Shinongjiang area. These roadsform an inter-connected transportation network linking various regions in Shiyan city as well asHubei, Sha'anxi, Henan, Chongqi provinces/municipality.

17

Baoxia-Zhushan Rural Road EIA and EMP SSSRIThe proposed Baoxia to Zhushan road is one of the key links in the above network connectingG316 to the north and S305 to the south. This road is presently the mostly importantsouth-north transportation corridor for Yun and Yunxi counties north of Hanjiang river to theZhushan, Zhuxi counties to the south and via other elements of the road network to Shiyanand other cities as well as Sha'anxi and Chongqi. In addition, while the proposed project doesnot intersect with any railway, it is the key linking road towards Shiyan and Hujia railwaystations for freight and passenger train transportation. Clearly, the proposed project play animportant road in the regional road network with key service function.

As part of the great Develop China's West campaign and develop the regional economy,Shiyan is now planning or in construction of Hanshi and Shiman expressways. As animportant element in the local road network, the project road, together with others will be thekey connecting roads to the expressways. This further strengthens the importance andsignificance of the project.

2.3 Current Conditions of the Existing RoadThe existing Baoxia-Zhushan road wasconstructed in 1979 to the Class 4 standard forhighly mountainous region. It has since then beenoperating for over 20 years. With severalupgrading works, some sections of the road havereached the Class 3 standard for highlymountainous region. However poor roadconditions still remain on some sections, such assteep slope, narrow surface and zigzag route.Especially on Sanguan section which connectsthe Yun County and Zhushan County, the sightdistance and supporting facilities are inadequateto guarantee safe drive. In harsh weatherconditions, especially raining or snowing days,the road surface is poached leading to frequentserious traffic accidents including collisions andoverturn. As it is the vital transportation corridorlinking the north and south parts of HanjiangRiver, and the only way for Baozhu andShuangtai Towns to out, but the existingtransportation conditions are far from what isneeded to sustain and promote the regionaleconomic development, and limit the current and future growth in regional transportation andouting. The need for existing road upgrading is imminent. The plots show the current roadcondition.

The major technical parameters of the existing road are presented in Table 2-3-1.

18


Table 2-3-1 Technical Parameters of the Existing RoadNo. Item Standard1 Category of road Class IlIl and IV in high hilly region2 Width of lane (m) 3X23 Width of road bed (m) 7.54 Min. Radius of plane curve(m) 125 Max. Longitudinal grade (%) 10

2.4 Road Alignment

The proposed Project is oriented south-north, starting from Baoxia Town of Yun County,ending at Chengguan Town. The total linear length of the proposed road is 82.248 km. Theproposed road will start from the "T" intersection between G316 road and Baoxia Town of YunCounty, pass toward south along Xixian, Zhaowan Village, Junjiaping Village, Donghe Villageand Gaoqiao Village before reach Lazhu Mountain which is a joint area of Yun County andZhushan County. The existing road traverses throughLazhu Mountains for 4 km. Due to the poor roadcondition on this mountain road section, theCommunication Bureau of Zhushan County is raisingfund to construct a 760 m SanGuan tunnel to replace

-the winding mountain road (At present, the tunnel isunder construction and will be completed by the end of2004. The tunnel is not part of this World Bankfinanced project. The construction situation is shownon picture on the right) . This proposed road will usethe new tunnel to connect Shuangtai Town of Zhushan County. Then the proposed road willextend along Lanyu River to pass through Shuangtai Town, and along Beixing River toNankou Village and Tianwan Village of Pankou Town. At last the proposed road will reach itsending point on Renmin Road in Chengguan Town of Zhushan County which connects withthe S305 Road. Map 3 shows the proposed alignment of the road.

2.5 Existing Road Utilization

The proposed road will be upgraded to the standard for Class 3 mountain road. The totallength of 82.248 km, the road bed will be 8.5 m wide and the width of the road surface is 7 m.The average driving speed will be 30 km/h. The upgrading works include:

* Earth work for roadbed expansion, and pave asphalt.* Increase the turning radius.* Removal of steep slope, to increase the sight distance.* Complete drainage system and safeguard facilities.* Install road control and safety signs.* Complete bridge.

19

1~~ - ,. K 5 2 0TawnSho LL.. .*, -t>^.

JS

I It

..~ ~ 2 w. >j'S v Xk ''1::I;E

_ t K72+600 Santai Primary School !- - E 'r

k~~~~~~~~~ et - - ; -r4ati

K83+700 Medical School of Zhushan County 7 E

.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-r -. _L-

:K83+750 Attiiated Hospital ofii ;; K83i-700Medical School of Zhushan County

iat;' } - _- ^r o JX -*,x

I | K83+950 Dermatosis Hospital of Zhushan County

- - j ,. ~I

D ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~ *' ; -i- .= .X - .-

SDOtS

~~~~~~~~~~~~' ''. ' ' -;1

IF ,rj; .1~~~~~~~~~~~'-"'' . r

'-N -~ ~~~~~~~N I

-~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 'K' 7

4L7~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~"

;~~- - ;t

~joj'i Primary School 7F~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~C

K4+7U Medical Station of Suangtai lown 3

K43+800 Shuangta i Town - .'rY - 5 --

L ¢ , ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- .' - ; .,. . j ! - ! ,-,' d

MN .^ 4' , , . i 4. 'J * <Q _a

/ ~~~~~~K56+300 Gru2ofNnuVil

D " rA 'e%>- d D^ o A I 4-

2_ .5 . ' ; '0

DNn,.l d's , o ,

rwn -.

A ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~A

6+250 Hetian Primary Scho i _

i~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ r

''L'

K23+500 Group 2 of Gaoqiao Village

-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~K37+70i

!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

;120+250 Donghe Villag .n-4-9 '

1i die School . K27+900 Jianchicun Primary School

B~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ i

J jaing Villag

t inof Donghe Village

- a ; t -&* ' 7s,f6 i

IK22+950 Tangping Primary School a- - *f

_, -- ' ojI -< '5, SV e - 'Is

K25+700 Gunzigou Primary School

4 *.'Y.* ~~~~~-~~s- %~ *l"qi

^ l _ ) ~~~~~~~~~~~~T L_ _- wn l + om et

# ar\ xj; ~~K0+050 llN^iical Station of Baoxia Town

K6+200 GrouD 4 of Hetian Villagel

K6+250 Hetian Primar

K1 20

.;-';-'s~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.} ~~K 'njiapin

TN K1800 Jugaig I V ag

K120+000 Medical Station of Donghe Village

K22+950 Tangping Pri

Legend ITProposed Road

- Old Road &

River

R 1 K11+300DoSensitive Spots

Sca lIe K1 1800m 180p4lm


According to the design documents and site survey, project design team has made significantchanges in five sections of the project alignment and removes sharp turns in about 40 placesin order to reach the Grade 3 mountain highway standards. In total, the upgrading projectincludes 1500 m new road and two tunnels totally 284 m. The major changes are presented inTable 2-5-1 and map 3. Besides these changes, all other upgrading works are to be based onthe original road.

Table 2-5-1 Summary of the Realigned SectionNo. Pile No. Location Description of the change

K4+500- Straighten the curves. Change the original 1260 m mountain1 Hejiatian curving roads to a 110 m tunnel and 190 m connection road,K4+800 saving 960 m. See Table 2-12-1 for alignment.K9+200- W Straighten the curves. Change the original curving road to a enwK9+700 road, saving about 350 m.

KK11+900- Donghecun Straighten the curves. Change the original curve road throughK12+500 the community to a new road avoid the community

K49+500- .. c. Straighten the curve. Change the original curve road to a 174 mK49+630 Hujiacitang tunnel

K56+800- T Straighten the curves. Change the original curve road through5___ K57+100 Taoyuan the community to a new road avoid the community

Table 2-5-2 Work QuantityNo. Item Unit Quantity Remark

Upgrading of existing road, and1 Length of road Km 82.248 construction of 1500 m new road and

284m tunnelsTotal area of asphalt road 3 2

2 surface lOin 571.2As the road is widen inline ,so the land3 Land occupation mu 117.16ocuainsrthrlsI ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~occupation Is rather less

4 House demolition m2 _

5 Earth work 103m3 1488.18

6 Drain and guard works 103m3 130.0077 Bridge m/set 644.14/18

2 new tunnels, and use of the 760 m8 Tunnel set 284/2 Sanguan Tunnel which is being

constructed9 Culvert set 296 97 are new built and 199 areu graded

10 Intersection set 2 Plain type

2.6 Major Technical Specifications

The existing Baoxia-Zhushan Road is currently at the conditions in between of themountainous Class IlIl and IV standards. This project will upgrade the entire road to Class IlIlstandard, with a designed vehicle speed of 30 km/h, 8.5 m road base and 7 m road surface.

20


The major technical specifications are presented in Table 2-6-1.

Table 2-6-1 Major Technical SpecificationsNo. Indicator Unit Value1 Class of road Class Class IlIl in highly rolling1 Class of road Class ~~~~~~~~~~terrain2 Class of road surface Class Asphalt3 Width of lane m 2X3.54 Width of road base m 8.55 Net width of bridge m 7+2 X 0.756 Min. water level M 1767 Min. radius of flat curve m 258 Max. Longitudinal slope % 7.9479 Min. radius of vertical convex curve m 60010 Min. radius of vertical concave curve m 65011 Designed vehicle load ton vehicle-20, trailor-10012 Return period of flood 1/50, 1/25

2.7 Traffic Volume Projection

According to the feasibility study report of the Project, the current traffic volume onBaoxia-Zhushan Road is 792 MTE/d. Based on the natural and induced annual growth, thetraffic volume projections for 2005, 2010 and 2020 are presented in Table 2-7-1.Table 2-7-1 Projected Traffic Volume unit: pcu/d (MTE)

Year 2005 2010 2028IIt emTraffic volume 1245 2516 3384

2.8 Borrowing and Deposit Balance

Earth borrowing plan: The project will need a large amount of earth movement. Most of theearth needed will be borrowed from sites along the road. According to the design team, thetotal filling need will be 734,000 m3 including earth of about 588,000 m3 and stone/rocks of146,000 m3. These materials will be mostly from excavation of the project without the need toset up the dedicated borrow pits.

Disposal Pian: As the road will be extended along the mountain slopes, the road wideningparticularly the two tunnels will generate a large amount of spoil soil. As estimated by thedesign team, the project will generate 1.47 million m3 excess materials including 0.5 million ofstone/rock and 0.97 million of earth. The project filling will need and utilize about 0.73 millionmi3 of earth and 0.15 million stone/rock, and road base widening will need additional 0.26million m3 of earth materials but will need to dispose of the remaining 0.33 million m3 of finalexcess materials. Two dedicated disposal sites are identified and their locations are shown in

21

Baoxta-Zhushan Rural Road ElA and EMP SSSRI

map 3 and following figure.,

Disposal site locations.

No.1 site. located at K13+400 on the depressed land west of the road alignment, At thislocation, the residents are mostly in the east side. The disposal site itself will occupy about 30mu of land and relatively far away from the Dong river. There is no sensitive receptor nearby,Geologically, the site is stable and once filled, the site will be at the same grade with thesurrounding areas and can be utilized by the nearby fairmers, after proper redamation.

Noj-sjtej located at K65+200 at a depressed land west of the road. The site is about 40 mu ofwaste land with no sensitive facilities nearby. The site has stable geological conditions. Oncefilled, the site will be at the same grade with the surrounding areas and can be utilized by thenearby farners, after proper reclamation.

2.9 Source and Transportation of Construction Material

As the project is located in a mountainous region, most of the construction materials could besupplied locally. The filling materials for road base construction will be extracted from roadsidehills and from the excavated materials during road construction. Stone, rocks and gravel willcome from , from Zhangjiaying Quarry and Guanliju Quarry. Cement lime and steel can besuppl;ied from Shiyan, Yun County or Zhushan County adjacent to the Project. The asphalt willbe supplied from outside markets.

The materials transportation will use the existing road which is also the Project site.

2.10 Cost Estimate and Financing Plan

The total capital oost for the road upgrading project is esfimated at RMB 168.459 million, onunit km road basis it Is RMB 2.0482 million /km. Part of the cost will be funded by a WorldBank loan, with the balance to be covered by budgetary funds of the Central, Hubei Provincialand local governments,

22


2.11 Implementation Plan

The Project construction is scheduled to commence in the end of 2005 and complete by theend of 2007. The total construction period will be 2 years.

2.12 Analysis of Alternatives

According to the design documents and site survey, project design team has made significantchanges in five sections of the project alignment and removes sharp turns in about 40 placesin order to reach the Grade 3 mountain highway standards. In total, the upgrading projectincludes 1500 m new road and two tunnels totally 284 m. The rest of the Project alignment willfollow the existing road as this is an upgrading Project. The alternative to the currentalignment is to build a new road which will result in much higher and more significantenvironmental impacts including more land occupation, rural residents relocation andresettlement, damage to plants, more earth work and higher soil erosion. Furthermore, as theresidential centers are settled along the existing road, they will receive no improved benefitson access to service and market if an alternative road is constructed. Furthermore, theexisting road was constructed along the valley plain in a high mountainous terrain, upgradingworks will not involve significant mountain cutting which would result in serious impact on thearea ecosystem.

It is obvious that upgrading of the existing road will have the least negative environmentalimpacts than the alternative, a completely new road. Therefore the upgrading of the existingroad is considered the optimal and no other alternative is designed for comparison.

In the design process, five road sections have been streamlined. Table 2-12-1 summarizes theworks on the five sections.

From the table, it can be seen that the poor road conditions of these five sections call forrealignment. The realigned route can improve the smoothness of the road, leading to not onlysaved mileage, but safer driving. Although certain land occupation is needed, housedemolition and cutting are decreased by implement of tunnel project and so is the risk of soilerosion. According to agreement with the World Bank mission in October 2003, SPCD plans toconduct further geology study of the project area and on the basis of this new study to conductfurther alignment selection and to prepare protective and mitigative planning. The EA team isconvinced that if the above mentioned additional studies and planning are conducted the projectwould have effective protection both from engineering and environmental aspects. Withappropriate measures during construction, the potential adverse impacts to the environment canbe minimized and the environmental benefits of upgrading of the existing road are obvious.

23


Table 2-12-1 Analysis of AlternativesSection Existing Surrounding of Advantages of the New Alignment Illustration

Conditions new alignment new alignment

Hejiatian Optimized .0'

K4+500 to Curving roads alignment, improveK4+800, around the 45 m rocky road conditions,change to mountain 1200 m mountain with reduced length,110 m long and cannot little vegetation. reduced traffic

meet Class IlIl road. No resident and accidents, meet ,tunnel an Many traffic other sensitiviites Class Ill standards, 0 E0

190gnmenew accidents avoid deep

mountain cuts.

Optimize

Curve along the alignment, improveK9+200 - mountain foot, Along river road conditions,K9+700 three sharp turns, valley, reduced trafficroad cannot meet Class occupation of reded tstraighten IIl road, traffic farm land, accidents, mee

accidents. ~~~~~~Class III standairds,avoid deep 7

mountain cuts.

K12+500 18degree turn. New alignment alOgment, improve .

Road Passing through a on 20 m high road conditions,straighten large residential rocky mountain reduced length,avoid area. Major traffic body. Minimum reduced traffic

residential accidents. Noise vegetation No accidents. Avoidareas and dust impacts residential area impacts to R K

residents

OptimizedK49+500 - alignment, improveK49+630 Sharp turns, poor New alignment road conditions,Road road conditions, on 60 m rocky reduced length,straighten cannot meet Class mountain body. reduced trafficchange to IlIl standards, many Mvnimum accidents, meel standards,

174 m traffic accidents no residents Class II standards,tunnel avoid deep

mountain cuts. _ __h11_

24


Section Existing Surrounding of Advantages of the New Alignment IllustrationConditions new alignment new alignment

Optimizedalignment, improve .,

K56+800 Passing through New alignment road conditions,K57+100 large residential on river valley. reduced trafficRoad areas, noise and Occupy some accidents Reduced traficstraighten dust farm land nocidentsd

impacts to 25;

residents/

25


Chapter 3 Baseline Environment

3.1 Natural Environment

ToDoaraphical CharacteristicsThe proposed road will cross through a heavilymountainous region, which is characterized by steep . _

slopes, high mountains and deep valleys and mixedtopography. The proposed road is oriented south tonorth, winding its way along mountain rivers atmountain side. The elevation of the region is rangedfrom 300-950 m. A typical topographical characteristicsalong the project area is that one side of the road ishigh hills while the other side is deep valleys.

ClimateThe area climate is characterized with north semi-tropical monsoon with distinct seasons. Thesummer is wet and hot, the winter is harsh and dry, while the spring and autumn are mild. Theaverage temperature is 11OC-170C, and annual average rainfall is 696.1-950 mm, which isconcentrated in summer season. The prevailing wind direction is from the southeast,

HydrologyThe river system in the project belongs to the Yangtze River Basin and natural waterresources in in this area are abundant. The major surface water bodies are Hanjiang Riverand its tributaries, Du River and Jiangjun River. The rest smaller rivers are scattered acrossthe mountainous region. The proposed road will not directly affect the Hanjiang, Du andJiangjun Rivers; but the road does pass along several smaller rivers including Dong River inYun County, Lanyu and Beixing Rivers in Zhushan County. These rivers are too narrow, only15 m, to support any river shipping. Dong River flows to Jiangjun River before discharging intoHanjiang River. Lanyu River and Beixing River join Du River at Zhushan County beforedischarging into Hanjiang River. Based on the site survey during this EA, no pollutingindustries are present within the basin. Therefore the water quality of these small rivers isgood, typically of the Class I standard. Even so, the roadside residents are not taking thesesmall rivers as their sources for drinking water and other domestic water uses. Instead, watersupplies to local residents come mainly from the abundant mountain springs.

3.2 Social Environment

The proposed road is located within Yun County and Zhushan County of Shiyan City. TheProject alignment will pass Baoxia Town of Yun County, Shuangtai Town, Pankou Town andChengguan Town of Zhushan County. Yun County and Zhushan County are the directimpacted area from upgrading construction and operation of the project road.

26


3.2.1 Introduction of the Affected Area

Yun County is situated at the middle part of Shiyan City. It is a bordering area of HubeiProvince, Shaanxi Province and Henan Province as well as a national-level poverty county.The total area of the county is 3863 k2, equivalent to 5,794,550 mu. The mountain, cultivatedland, water surface, road and village account for 81.2%, 10.3%, 4% and 4.4% of the total area,respectively. There is totally 596,833.5 mu cultivated land, equivalent to about 1 mu per capita.Under the jurisdiction of the county, there are 12 towns and 14 town-level villages. Till the endof 2001, the total population of the county is 591,000, with 470,500 agricultural residents,accounting for 79.6% of the total. Clearly, the economy of the county is centered onagricultural production.

Zhushan County is at the south of Yun County, bordered by Chongqing City to the south. It isalso a national-level poverty county. The total area of the county is 3585 k2 and most of thearea is mountains. There is totally 518,550 mu cultivated land, equivalent to about 1 mu percapita. Under the jurisdiction of the county, there are 10 towns and 15 town-level villages and463 villages. Till the end of 2001, the total population of the county is 446,662, with 390,978agricultural residents, accounting for 87.5% of the total population. Again the economy of thecounty is centered on agricultural production.

Geographically impeded by Qin-Ba Mountains, economic development is very slow due topoor transportation conditions. The industries are rare in the roadside towns, such as Baoxia,Shuangtai and Pankou. Most of the population along the roadside is living on agriculturalproduction, the life quality is very poor.

3.2.2 Major Economic Indicators

The economic indicators of year 2001 for the roadside towns in recent years are presented inTable 3-2-1. As can be seen, the annual income per capita of the agricultural population inBaoxia, Shuangtai and Pankou Towns is less than RMB 1500, lower than the city average ofRMB 1592 and the county average of RMB 1506. As Chengguan Town is within urban area,the annual income per capita of agricultural population is relatively high, at RMB 1945. Ingeneral, the income of agricultural population is low which needs significant support and effortfor poverty alleviation. This proposed project is responsive to the national initiative for povertyalleviation. .

Table 3-2-1 Recent Major Economic Indicators for Affected Area in Year 2001Total\ ndlcator Ttl Net incomer Agricultural Cultivated Grain agricultural

Population population land (ha.) Production (t) income per capitaLocation (RMB 10) (RMB 10)

Baoxia Town 3.13 8573 1466 8570 7597 1415Shuangtai Town 1.79 5185 1187 8157 4575 1385

Pankou Town 2.56 6260 1638 10687 7781 1447Chengguan Town 4.33 2141 227 1015 12733 1945

Source: 2002 yearbook, Shiyan City.

27


3.2.3 Standard of Living of Affected Residents

The proposed road will pass the Qin-Ba Mountain area which is economicallyunder-developed. The proposed road will cross 15 villages in four townships. The industry isalmost nil in the area, and most of the residents are farmers. The rural residential housing ismostly one stories houses with poor quality. The photo below presents a typical house in thearea.

According to the survey during this EA, most of thepeople are living on agricultural production, which isconstrained by limited land resource and topographicalcondition. The living quality of the people is very poor.In response to the initiative for poverty alleviation bylocal government, farmers grow herb and vegetables.The annual income per capita is RMB 1548. Manypeople are still living in flat or mud-straw houses. Theright photo shows the house condition of most ofpeople along the road.

Hospitals, primary and middle schools are available in these roadside towns. Medical servicein the area is primitive but adequate. It is apparent that the existing road is essential to thedaily life of the local residents, for accessing to education, hospitals, markets and otherservices. In bad weather conditions, the access will be affected due to the poor roadconditions in part of the road. This project is gaining great support from the local communitiessince it will improve the road conditions and ensure access to services even under badweather conditions.

3.3 Eco-environment

SoilThe soil category in the project area include yellow brown soil and wet soil. Yellow brown soildominates the area higher than 500 m elevation, while silt yellow brown soil dominates lowerareas. Wet soil appears most in the valley areas.

Vegetation CoverThe vegetation species are abundant in the project area. The dominated trees in the areainclude oak, firs, mountain bamboo and pines. Theforest coverage rate of Shiyan City is 45.65%, whilethat in Yun and Zhushan counties are 28.98% and36.55%, respectively.

The proposed project will pass through the valleybasin and mountains, the road surface elevationranges from 300 m to 950 m. The soil horizon is thinon the area. Underbrush and grass dominate the

28

Baoxia-Zhushan Rural Road EIA and EMP SSSRIvegetation cover. There is no virgin forest. Due to forestation effort in recent years, this area iswell covered with plants. Besides a few plots of mason pine tree on the road section ofSangun, plots of underbrush grow on most of the road sections. On the ending section K80where the road connects with Chengguan Town of Zhushan County, terracing farmland hasbeen developed by farmers on the slopes. Table 3-3-1 below summarizes the forest coveragerate of the roadside towns. On flat area, farmers have developed small cultivated land to growmaize, wheat, vegetable and ginger. There are lots of poplar trees on the roadside with DBH(diameter at breast height) of 50 cm. The photo right shows the typical vegetation cover of theroadside area.

Table 3-3-1 Vegetation Coverage Rate of Roadside TownsName of town Baozhu Town Shuangtai Town Pankou Town Chengguanown ngtai ~~~~~TownVegetationCoverage rate 45.3 35.4 22.39 13.07

Source: Forestry Departments of Yun and Zhushan County.

Wild Animal

This project area has been significantly developed with a long history of human activities. Theexisting Baozhu Road was built about 20 years ago, it has since become a primarytransportation infrastructure for Shiyan City. A large number of residents have been attractedto the roadside area, resulting in a severe damage of the ecosystem necessary to supportlarge wild animals. According to a site survey by the local forest bureau, only small mammals,such as deer, hog badger, and fox as well as birds have been found in the high mountainousareas, distant from the Project site.

Status of Soil Erosion

According to the Soil Conservation Planning for Hubei Province, the Project area isdesignated as a key area for soil erosion monitoring. Severe soil erosion, primarily non-pointerosion, often occurs in this region. Table 3-3-2 summarizes the current status of soil erosionin the major roadside towns.

Table 3-3-2 Current Status of Soil Erosion in the Major Roadside TownsName of Total area Area of soil Long-period average Class of erosiontown (k2) erosion (k2) erosion ratio (t/k2.year) intensityBaoxia 197.02 123.63 4600 MediumShuangtai 145.70 156.68 2100 MediumPankou 88.77 152.08 2300 MediumChengguan 37.00 32.67 3100 MediumSource: Water Resource Bureau of Yun and Zhushan Counties.

Ancient and Precious Trees

During the site survey of this EA, a few stand-alone ancient trees were found within theassessment area, with details given in Table 3-3-3 below.

29

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According the monitoring results, the EA team reckons that the major source for noise is theexisting traffic. On several crowded sections, human activities are another major source ofnoise.

For monitoring the existing quality of acoustic environment, monitoring points have beenplaced at the location 1 m in front of the sensitive receptors facing the proposed road. Table3-5-1 presents the details.

Table 3-5-1 Monitoring result of acoustic environmentName of Baseline (dB) DistanceNo receptor Position pile Daytime Nighttime from road Major noise source

Central1 Hospital of KO+050 58.6 51.3 15 Traffic and residentsBaoxia Town

2 Hetian Primary K6+250 72.5 46.7 3 Traffic and residentsS chool __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

3 Donghe Middle K11 +300 55.3 46.9 5 TrafficSchool _ _ _ _ _

No. 2 Group of K23+100- 5 47_4 Gaoqiao K23+820 56.4 47.95 TrafficV illage__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Primary School5 of Xianchi K27+900 53.2 46.0 10 Traffic

Village

6 Zuoji Primary K37+700 52.0 50.0 5 TrafficSchool _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Hospital of7 Shuangtai K43+700 60.4 44.2 5 Traffic

Town _ ___8 No. 2 Group of K56+300 57.1 49.6 5 TrafficNankou Village

9 Santai Primary K72+600 62.8 51.9 5 TrafficSchool__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Medicine10 School of K83+700 63.6 40.6 5 TrafficZhushan

CountySource: Environment Monitoring Center of Zhushan County

It can be seen that, because most of the sensitive receptors are within 20 m from the road,traffic noise causes severe impacts.

* Acoustic Environment: The noise level in daytime and night time is 58.6-63.6 dB and40.6-51.3 dB respectively, slightly exceeding Class II standard, but meet Class IlIlstandard.

* Hetian Primary School and Santai Primary School are severely affected by the trafficnoise. The noise level for the two schools in daytime and night time is 72.5 dB, 62.8 dBand 46.7 dB, 51.9 dB respectively, exceeding the required Class I standard by largemargin. For other schools, the noise level in daytime ranges between 52.0-55.3 dB and46.0-50.o dB in nighttime, within the Class I standard.

* In the two roadside residential centers, the noise level in daytime is 56.4 dB and 57.1 dB,

31


and 47.9 dB and 49.6 dB respectively, can meet the Class II standard.

Mitigation measures should be taken to address the noise problem which will become moresevere after the project when the traffic flow increases.

3.5.2 Surface Water Environment and Assessment

3.5.2.1 Survey on Drinking Water Intakes in Project Area

All of the small rivers affected by the project are upstream tributaries of Hanjiang River.According to the local EPBs, there is no polluting industry along these small rivers and waterquality is good in the rivers. Most of the quality indicators can meet the Class II standards,good enough as drinking sources. The water resource in this area is abundant and themountain springs are even better quality, therefore the residents would rather to abstract waterfrom the springs. The drinking water sources for Chengguan Town is Du River while thisproject will not directly affect Du River. And the intake of Zhushan Water Supply Plant is 3 kmupstream of confluence where Beixing River joins Du River. Therefore, the project will notaffect the water intake.

3.5.2.2 Water Environment Status and Assessment

In order to understand the baseline status of surface water quality, the EA team visited localEPBs. The interviews with relevant officials and review of the relevant data at the EPB showedthat the surface water quality in the area surface water bodies can basically meet Class IIstandards.

In addition, the Environment Monitoring Center of Zhushan County has been contracted by theEA team to carry out a water quality monitoring program, the monitoring location is on theBeixing bridge where the project cross Beixing River. The monitoring program lasts for 2 daysand the results are shown in Table 3-5-2 below.

Table 3-5-2 Water Quality in the Beixing Bridge and Assessment Result

Item Date Water quality parameter (mgll)Hypermanganate index SS Oil

April 10, 2003 2.38 156 UndetectedMonitored result April 13, 2003 2.39 162 Undetected

_________I Average 2.385 159 UndetectedClass 11 Standards 4 150 0.05Assessment result Class II

It is clear that the water quality in Beixing River is good, meeting the Class II standard excepta little excess of SS.

3.5.3 Ambient Air Quality and Assessment

32


According to the site survey, the EA team has found no large industries within the project area.There are no air pollution sources other than the exhaust gas emission from the motorvehicles on the road.

Donghe Middle School and Santai Primary School were selected by the EA team as thebaseline sites for a 5-day air quality monitoring program. Table 3-5-3 below shows the results.

Table 3-5-3 Ambient Air Quality and Assessment ResultMonitorin NOx (mg/Nm3) PM10 (mng/Nm 3)g location date Daily Assessment Daily average Assessment

__________ ~~~average result Diyaegeresult11/04/2003 0.05 0.135

Donghe 12/04/2003 0.06 0.130Middle 13/04/2003 0.06 Class I 0.140 Class II

KI1 +300 14/04/2003 0.05 0.13515/04/2003 0.05 0.15011/04/2003 0.06 0.140

Santai 12/04/2003 0.05 0.135Middle 13/04/2003 0.06 Class I 0.145 Class II

K72+600 14/04/2003 0.06 0.14515/04/2003 0.06 0.160

Source: Environment Monitoring Center of Zhushan County.

It can be seen from the above table that NOx falls into Class I standard while PM1O falls intoClass II standards except one day. In general, the air quality in the project area is good andcan meet the designated Class II standards.

33


Chapter 4 Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures

The proposed road Project will cause impacts on surrounding natural, ecological and socialenvironments during both the construction and operation phases. However, there is nosignificant natural habitat, scenery site, forest lands or cultural property within the assessmentarea. The proposed project will be constructed on the existing road, except significantchanges in five sections of the project alignment and removes sharp turns in about 40 placesin order to reach the Grade 3 mountain highway standards. Therefore it is projected that thesurrounding environment would be impacted at a smaller scale than a totally new constructionproject. According to the project feasibility study report, the traffic flow even after the roadupgrading would still remain at low level (1245 MTE/d in 2005), it is therefore expected thatthe acoustic and ambient air environment would be impacted at limited scale. With effectivemitigation measures, any expected negative impacts would be minimized. In addition, theroadside residents have expressed a strong support to this project in hope to improvetransportation conditions and economic development in the region. The positive benefits of theProject obviously overweight the negative impacts. Based on the above consideration, thisreport places its focus on the potential impacts on soil erosion and the sensitive receptors,such as schools and hospitals, from the construction phase. Following the impact assessment,specific mitigation measures have been developed to minimize these impacts.

4.1 Impact on ecological environment and mitigation measures

The focus of this section is on the issue of soil conservation and vegetation cover protectionduring digging work, and at the borrowing and deposit sites.

4.1.1 Soil Erosion Analysis and Mitigation Measures

This Project will involve 1488180m3 earth work to be used for broaden road base andstraighten the road curves. Besides, there will be 130007 m3 drainage and embankmentworks, which will improve the soil conservation capacity on the two sides of the road when theupgrading is complete. The possible soil erosion may occur from the construction activitiessuch as expansion of road base and filling areas before protective works are complete and the2 borrow pits, as well as any areas where surface soil and vegetation is disturbed. In particular,soil erosion is most like to occur in the raining season from June to September each year.However, the proposed project will be mainly the surface payment upgrading and wideningwithin the same alignment. Furthermore, the construction time is relatively short because ofthe relative simple nature. As a result, the soil erosion is expected to be mild and last only ashort time. Based on previous experience of similar project, after taking certain mitigationmeasures, impacts on soil erosion from such construction activities can be effectivelycontrolled.

mitigation measures against soil erosion* Temporary, simple drainage system will be built before the construction of road base and

mountain cutting. The system will include echelon shaped ditches adjacent to the road

34


base to be expanded and interception ditches in sites where there are large catchmentareas.

* Guard or protective facilities will be completed within 15 days after the construction ofroad base and mountain cutting. The road slope will be protected by grass andmortar-brick embankment will be built on water saturated road base. The followingprotective measures will be taken for different sections of the road:

(1) For earth bases and slopes of the road, protective pavement will be provided. Forslopes with soil tops but rock bottoms, to prevent the rock from weathering anddripping and thus losing stability, all rock slopes will be covered with intermittentprotective payment or grouting. Already weathered and unstable rock slopes will alsobe grouted or totally paved to increase their stability.

(2) Dams or berms will be installed in sections near rivers and other water bodies;(3) Other sections of the road slopes will adopt ecological protective measures by using

grass, shrub and other low growth plants. The damaged vegetation during drainagesystem upgrading will be restored after the engineering work is complete.

* The construction involving large amount of earth work will be scheduled to avoid drainingseason, and the construction contractor will be requested to keep close contact with localclimate stations to take protective measure before heavy storms. The drain system will becleared in a timely manner prior to draining season. The surface slope of each earth layerwill be 2-5% and be compacted before rainfall and end of each work shift.

Smoil soil utilization and management* As the project is located in the mountainous areas, the road construction will involve

relatively large amounts of earthwork. The existing roads are mostly on the mountain side,the widening of these roads, particularly the five new road sections will inevitably involvemountain cuts. Based on the current estimate, the project will generate 1.47 million m3

excess materials including 0.5 million of stone/rock and 0.97 million of earth. The projectfilling will need and utilize about 0.73 million m3 of earth and 0.15 million stone/rock, androad base widening will need additional 0.26 million m3 of earth materials but will need todispose of the remaining 0.33 million m3 of final excess materials. Two dedicated disposalsites are identified

* Two disposal sites are located at K13+400 and K65+200 on the depressed land west ofthe road alignment. According to the site survey, the residents are mostly in the east side.And there are no schools, hospitals, ancient trees ,cultural relics and other sensitive sites.The sites have stable geological conditions and once filled, the siteswill be at the samegrade with the surrounding areas and can be utilized by the nearby farmers, after properreclamation. To mitigate soil erosion in these disposal sites, some mitigation measuresshould be taken:

(1) Before the disposal operation, site drainage system will first be constructed to controlsurface runoff. Interception and drainage ditches will be built prior to disposalactivities to avoid strong surface runoff. For sites located in valley areas, retainingwalls will be built.

(2) The spoiled materials will be compacted promptly and covered by plants. Whereconditions permit, the reclain,ed land from disposal sites may be used as cultivatedland.

(3) Certain protective materials, such as grass matting, will be kept ready for rain day

35


when they may be used to cover those vulnerable sites from heavy soil erosion.(4) 0.5 m deep holding/sedimentation ponds and retaining wall will be built at those

disposal pits vulnerable to soil erosion. When the construction is completed, theponds will be filled and flatted.

(5) When bid documents are prepared, the project owner will include the provisions torequest maximum and appropriate re-utilization of the excavated materials. Theproper training will be provided to contractors to ensure that random disposal anddisposal in rivers and other sensitive sites will not occur during construction.

4.1.2 Impact on Ancient Tree and Mitigation Measures

During the site survey, seven ancient trees have been spotted within the assessment areawhich also form scenery themselves. Table 3-3-3 shows the detailed information about theancient trees. Except two pine trees, located at K29+650, which are 200 m away from theroad, all the ancient trees are within 20 m from the road. The existing K7+500 section is asharp turn which will be cut for a straight line. The new road section will be 100 m away fromthe ancient tree and hills are in between. Therefore all of the ancient trees are outside of thescope of land acquisition. Any reasonable construction activity would not cause negativeimpact on these ancient trees. However, careless activities by construction workers in thearea may damage these valuable natural resources. Following measures will therefore betaken for protection:

* Specific provisions will be included in the construction contract during the preparation ofbidding document, to specifically and explicitly require the contractor to educate itsworkers for environmental, including, tree protection. The contractors will be held liable forany damage of the precious trees within and near their construction sites and camps.

* Special education program will be carried out for the workers prior to the start of theconstruction about the significance of these ancient trees, and warning signs will beplaced for these trees.

* Spoil stockpiling should be banned from the location of the ancient trees, to avoid impactof soil erosion.

* Since several ancient trees are close to the section of K26+900 and K33+900, carefulattention should be paid to carry out construction on these sections. Explosive are notrecommended to use. The work scope of mechanical equipment should be limited towithin the road base.

4.1.3 Other Ecosystem Impact Mitigation Measures

* To protect the vegetation along the road, the construction sites will be well defined aheadof time and the contractors will be strictly prohibited to conduct construction relatedactivities beyond the pre-defined areas. In addition, to compensate the lost trees, theproject will plant 18679 trees, to improve the landscape and help to stable the road bases

* Construction workers will be educated to protect wild life such as birds and prohibitedfrom catching birds.

* The construction camps and material stockpile sites will be carefully selected on wasteland where possible, to avoid occupy cultivated or wood land. When the construction is

36


completed, the land will be leveled, restored and re-landscaped by the contractors.

4.2 Impact on Acoustic Environment and Mitigation Measures

Construction PhaseNoise during the construction phase will mainly come from construction equipment andtransportation vehicles, causing increased noise levels in the areas surrounding theconstruction sites. However, the nature of the proposed project (upgrading) will require fewerequipment than a typical road project and the construction will last for a relatively short timefor each given section. The construction noise impact will disappear with the completion of theconstruction activities. In addition, on the five new road sections, there are no residents orother sensitive receptors around the site, the impact on acoustic environment will be limited.

According to EA team's site survey, there are a total of 24 sensitive receptors along the road.Among these sensitive receptors, four hospitals, one school and two residential areas arelocated within urban area where the existing road is 8-12 m width. Part of the roads in thetownships is 8-12 m wide and there will be no need for widening and thus no earthwork andminimum machinery construction (primarily for surface pavement). As well, the constructiontime will be relatively short in those sections and thus the impacts from construction such asnoise will last a relatively short period of time. As the sensitive receptors in those sections aremore sensitive to noise and require a good acoustic environment, such as hospitals andschools ,so some mitigation measures should be taken prior to construction.

Except the above mentioned sensitive receptors in the townships, there are additional 17sensitive spots which could be impacted by construction noise. .According to the Noise Limitsfor Construction Site (GB12523-90), the noise limit at the construction site boundary is70-75dB(A) and 55 dB(A) in day time and nighttime respectively. Based on the analoguecomparison of noise intensity of general construction mechanicals, in the construction phasethe noise would impact within 50 m and 300 m from the source in day time and night timerespectively. In general, this road upgrading project will be constructed mainly in day time.Therefore the noise impact analysis would be mainly limited to day-time construction activity.From Table 1-8-1, the remaining 14 receptors, except 3 receptors (K12+000 Donghe Hospital,K22+950 Tangping Primary School and K75+200 Tianwan School) are 80 m from theproposed project, all the receptors are within 50 m from the project. In line with the aboveanalogue analysis, these 11 receptors will be impacted by the construction activity. Especiallyfor hospital and school which are more sensitive to noise, the potential impact would be evenmore significant. Furthermore, the transportation of construction materials would cause noiseimpact on these sensitive receptors. The mitigation measures are as follows:

* The construction equipment will be well maintained to keep it best operating conditionsand lowest noise levels possible.

* Strengthen the management during the construction phase, particularly in sections wherethere are schools, hospitals and residential areas. This will ensure smooth and efficientconstruction and minimum construction time. As most construction materials will be sentto the site via the existing roads, including 580,600 m3 earthwork and gravels, stone,asphalt, cement, steel, etc. the management of trucks will be important. All trucks will be

37


prohibited for overloading and for horning when passing through schools, hospitals andresidential areas.

* As there are many schools along the project road, the construction noise will impactteaching activities, all schools which are located within 50 m from the road side (9 schools)will be installed with noise insulation windows prior to the start of construction. In addition,the construction activities will be arranged during school summer breaks and weekendswhere possible and no noisy construction activities will be allowed during class time. Thecontractors will be requested to consult the schools before arranging their constructionactivities

* The four hospitals located within 50 m of the project roads will also be installed with noiseinsulation windows to minimize the noise impacts

* Construction activities in the residential areas will be arranged in the day time as much aspossible and avoid the night time construction. If the night time construction is necessaryand cannot be avoided, the impacted residents will be consulted in advance. During theconstruction temporary noise mitigation measures will be adopted such as temporarynoise panels near the residential areas.

The detailed mitigation measures are shown in Table 4-2-1 below.

Table 4-2-1 Mitigation Measures in Construction PhaseCost

Name of Location Distance to M lmplementatio estimatereceptor road easures n schedule d (ROIB

Central 15-30 m Noise insulation windows to theHospital KO+050 mthe e 6-story clinic buileing and ths Prior to 3.0of Baoxia side of the 6-story clini building, toand th0m constructionTown _____road 3soywr ulig oa 0 Hetian 3-30 m from Install noise insulation windows Prior to 50Primary K6+250 the east side for the classrooms construction 5.00School of the roadZhaowan 20 m from Isalnieislto idv PirtPrimary K11+000 the west side Instal se-y insulation w1ndow2s Prior to 0.45School _____of the road on the second floor, totally 15 m . construction

The construction will bescheduled in vacation period, or

Donghe 560 m from install noise insulation windows Prior toMiddle K11+300 the east side based on consultation with the trt 6.48School of the road school. Need to install 216 m

noise insulation window for thedormitory.

Gunzigou 50 m from Noise insulation windows to the Prior toPrimary K25+700 the west side classrooms right facing the road Poru to 0.9

2r rih'aig h od constructionSchool of the road total 30 m .

Primary ~~5 m from theSchool of bou0 al nda 20 Install 18 m2 noise insulation Prior to 05Xianchi K27+900 5 an 20 windows for this school construction 0.54

Village ~ m fromVilage _ classroomTo the east

Zuoj. side of the Install noise insulation windowsPrZujir K37+700 road, 5 m for the one-story dormitory and Prior to 2.52Prhooim K37+700 from the the 2-story classroom right facing construction

dormitory and the road, total 84 2classroom

Shuangtai 5 m from the Noise insulation windows to theTown K43+700 east side of ward rooms and the operation Prior o 1.89Hospital the road room 3 on the second-floor, total construction

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _6 3 m . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

38


CostName of Location Distance Measures Implementatio estimatereceptor road Mesrsn schedule d(RB

Taoyuan 5-1 0 m from Install noise insulation windows Prior toPrimary K56+500 the west side for the 2 rows of classrooms a2 d trti2.04School of the road one row of dormitory, total 68 m ._cos_uc_Santai 5-15 m from Install noise insulation windowsPrimary K72+600 the west side for the one-story dormitory and Prior to 7.65the 3-story classroom that are constructionSchool of the road right facing the road, total 225 n2.Medicine 5 m from the Noise insulation windows to the Prior toSchool of K83+700 west side of 2os nuainwngw otePirt 1.50Zhushan th od classroom, total 50 m . constructionHospital ofthe 5 m from theMedicine K83+750 west side of Noise insulation window? to the Prior to 3.00School of the road ward building, total 100 m . constructionZhushan

Dermatosis 5mi from theHospital ofK390ws ieof Noise insulation windo%' oth ro to 18Zhushan te |ard building, total 60 mn . construction

Total 36.77

Operation Phase

According to the traffic flow projection, the traffic volume will be increased in 2009 after theproposed road upgrading is complete, reaching 1245 MTE/day and 2516 MTE/day in 2020. Atthese levels, however, the total projected traffic flows are still very low. There is no suitableprojection model for such low traffic flows, therefore the traffic noise level has not beenmodeled in this EA. In fact the increased traffic will certainly increase the noise levels from thecurrent 52.0-60.4 dB(A) at the day time and 44.2-50.0 dB(A) at night. Although no specificmodeling data is available, based on experience from other roads with similar traffic volumes,noise levels in 2009 will below 65 dB(A) at day time and 55 dB(A) at nighttime at the location10 m from the road, which will meet the Class IlIl standard. AT the location 30 m from the road,the noise level is expected to below 60 dB and 50 dB at day time and nighttime respectively,which could meet the Class II standard. From Table 1-8-1, most of the sensitive receptorsare schools and hospitals and close to the road. The following measures will be taken tomitigate the increase noise impacts to sensitive receptors:

* The measures listed in Table 4-2-2 below will be taken which will reduce the noise levelby about 10 dB(A), thus the required standard will be met.

* A noise monitoring program on the sensitive receptors will be initiated. Once themonitoring results show noise exceeding above the applicable standards, additionalmitigation measures such as noise insulation windows will be provided to the houses orschools affected.

* Motor vehicles speed will be limited through warning and traffic control signs to be erectednear the sensitive receptors.

* The road will be well maintained to ensure good surface conditions to avoid increasednoise from poor road conditions.

39


Table 4-2-2 Mitigation Measures against NoiseName of Position I Estimatedreceptor pile Distance Measures Time cost

_____________ I _ _ _ _ RM BIO)Central 15-30 m from the The mitigation measures will be taken prior to theHospital of KO+050 east side of the road constructionBaoxia Town _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Baoxi Town K)+000 5-20 m from bothBaoxia Town KI +00 sides of the road

Noise insulationNo. 4 Group of K6+200- 5-10 m from the east windows to the five BeforeHetian Village K6+350 side of the road houses right fa?ing the operation 0.6

road, total 20 m .Hetian Primary K6+250 3-30 m from the east The mitigation measures will be taken prior to theSchool side of the road constructionNo. 1 Group of 3-10 m from the east Noise insulation |Zhaowan K8+650 and west side of the windows to the five BeforeVillage road houses right faging the operation 0.6______________road, total 20 m . _____ ___Priaowan 100 20 m from the westSchoolK1100 side of the road The mitigation measures will be taken prior to theSchool c~~~~~~~~~~onstructionDonghe 560 m from the eastMiddle School K11+300 side of the road

Noise insulationJunjiaping K11+800- 5-15 m from both windows to the nine Before 1.08K12+000 sides of the road houses right facing the operation

road, total 36 m .Donghe K12+000- 40 m from the westVillage K12+500 side of the roadHospital of 80 m from the westDonghe K12+000 side of the roadVillage _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Tangping 1 00 m from the westPrimary K22+950 side of the roadSchool__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Noise insulationNo. 2 Group of K23+100- 5-20 m from the east windows to the twenty Before 1.8Gaoqiao K23+820 side of the road houses right facing the operationVillae . road, total 60 m .

Gunzigou 50 m from the west The mitigation measures will be taken prior to thPrimary K25+700 side of the road constructionS c h o o l_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Primary To the east of theSchool of K27+900 road, 5 m from the The mitigation measures will be taken prior to thXianchi Village boundary wall and 20 constructionXianchi__ _ Vilaem from the classroom

To the east of theZuoji Primary K37+700 road, 5 m from the The mitigation measures will be taken prior to thSchool classroom and construction

dormitoryShuangtai K43+700 5 m from the east The mitigation measures will be taken prior to thTown Hospital side of the road constructionShuangtai K43+700 5 m from both sidesTown K43+850 of the road

Noise insulationNankou K56+300 5-1s0 m from both windows to the twenty Before 1.80aoua K56+00 sides of the road houses right fawing the operationVillage ~~~~~~~~~~road, total 60 m. ____

Taoyuan 5-1 0 m from the west The mitigation measures will be taken prior to thePrimary K56+500 side of the road constructionS c h o o l _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Santai Primary K72+600 5 -15 m from the he mitigation measures will be taken prior to theSchool west side of the road constructionTianwan K75+200 150 m from the east l_lSchool side of the road

40


Name of Position Distance Measures T cEstimatedreceptor pile DistacelMasureTim (RMB1 04)

MedicineSchool of K83+700 5 m from the west The mitigation measures will be taken prior to theZhushan side of the road constructionCountyHospital of theMedicine 5 m from the west The mitigation measures will be taken prior to theSchool of K83+750 side of the road constructionZhushanCounty

DermatosisHospital of K83+950 5 m from the west The mitigation measures will be taken prior to theZhushan side of the road onstructionCounty

Total | 5.88

4.3 Impact on Surface Water Environment and Mitigation Measures

In this road upgrading project, the works will be largely limited to the widening and upgradingof the existing road, rather than constructing new large bridges. Therefore the water pollutionsources in the construction phase are expected to be domestic wastewater from constructioncamps. During the operation phase, lower run-off pollution is expected from the low traffic flowon the road. In addition, the risk of leakage of dangerous material is also lower since there isno bridge over large water body. This section provides an analysis of these impacts andapplicable mitigation measures.

4.3.1 Construction phase

During the construction phase, 5-8 construction camps will be set up along the proposedproject. It is expected that each of the camps will have about 50 workers, and as such the totalwastewater generated from the each camp will be 2.5 m3/day based on the unit rate of 50I/capita/day. Also some solid waste will be produced. Reckless disposal of the solid waste willcause water pollution of the rivers nearby. The specific mitigation measures are as follows:* Reasonable siting of construction camps, such as using rental houses, to avoid any of the

riverside areas.* A 10 m3 septic tank will be provided for each construction camp to collect domestic

wastewater and solid waste. The domestic solid waste will be collected and transported intimely manner.

* The spoiled materials and other form of construction waste will be banned from dumpinginto the river.

4.3.2 Impact in operation phase and mitigation measures

The major pollution durng operation phase to water environment would stem from twosources: one is waste accumulated on the road surface from the motor vehicle exhaustemission, tire wore out, waste dropped from vehicles and other waste materials which coulddischarged to the water bodies along with surface runoff. The other is accidental pollutionsuch as hazardous material spills and leakage resulting from traffic accidents involving tanker

41


trucks near surface water bodies.

Road Surface Run-offThe accumulated pollutants on road surface, debris of abraded tiers, soil attached on vehiclebody, oils dripped from passing vehicles and spills of various materials would all bedischarged into water bodies by surface run-off. Clearly the major pollutants are oil, organicmatter and SS. These pollutants will contaminate the water in rivers and reservoir. Accordingto the monitoring results for road surface run-off from other projects, oil and SS will be thehighest during the first 30 minutes of a rainfall. Then the pollutant loads/concentrations insurface run-off will gradually reduce and remain stable after 40-60 minutes of the rainfall asthe road surface is cleaned by the previous runoff. At this time, the average concentrations ofSS, BOD and oil are expected to be 100 mg/I, 5.08 mg/l and 11.25 mg/I, respectively.Based on the previous experience on similar road project, in the operation period the roadsurface runoff will very limited impacts to the receiving water bodies, typically without changingthe water quality classification.

Accidental EventsAs the critical transportation corridor linking the south and north of Shiyan City, the currenttraffic volume is high. The truck/bus ratio is 1:1. The goods or materials transported includecoal, minerals, chemical fertilizer, oil pesticides and sand. Among these goods the quantity ofpesticide and oil is small, accounting for 10% of the total materials transported on the projectroad. The traffic flow is expected to increase after the upgrading is completed. Therefore thechemicals transportation will increase along with the increase traffic flow. The accident impacton water quality is discussed below.

Probability analysis method is used in China to estimate the likelihood of such accidentalevents. While in general such accidents are very rare, about once every ten years, theconsequence can be severe and even catastrophic if major accidents have occurred on abridge. Considering the good road condition and the fact that the bridges on Dong River,Lanyu River and Beixing River are less than 50 m long, the probability of releases ofhazardous materials to the area rivers is very low, about 0.007/a. With effective mitigationmeasures, such as strengthened management, intensified traffic signal and good maintenanceof road, will further decrease the probability.

In addition, part of the proposed project is along side with the area small rivers, and thedifferential elevation between the road surface and the river is about 10-30 m, and for themost parts there are a certain land areas between the road and the river. Even if there is weretraffic accident, liquid materials would not leak to the rivers directly but would first beintercepted by the land or infiltrated into the ground. According to the traffic record for past 20years, no leakage of hazardous material has been recorded. Moreover, the probability ofleakage accident will be decreased by improved road conditions after the upgrading.Therefore it is reckoned that the environmental risk by leakage of dangerous material is verylow. By installing warning signs and speed limit signs, the risk will be further lowered.

42


4.4 Impact on Ambient Air and Mitigation Measures

Major sources for ambient air pollution include asphalt mixing operation and airborne dust inthe construction phase caused by moving vehicles.

Asphalt Mixing Station Emission Impact and MitigationThe Project will involve asphalt pavement of an estimated 571,200 m2. As the proposedProject is located in remote mountainous region where the transportation condition is poor,asphalt will be melt and mixed adjacent to the construction sites in order to save transportationtime and cost. Poor siting for asphalt processing stations could cause significant impacts onthe ambient air, particularly to the health of the residents near the site.

In general, asphalt emission is from three processes: melting, mixing and pavement. Inrelative terms, pavement will produce less toxic matter, such as THC and BaP, than meltingand mixing processes. According to relevant study findings, the enclosed melting operationcould generate an BaP emission at concentration of not more than 0.0001 mg/m3 50 m inleeward direction, and the concentration of THC 60 m leeward is not more than 0.16 mg/m3.All of these values meet the applicable standards. Therefore the area impacted by asphaltmelting process is less than 50 - 60 m from the source.

Following measures are to be taken:* The locations of asphalt stations have not been selected now. EA team suggest that

three central asphalt stations will be set up to meet the needs where the management willbe enhanced including full enclosure of the stations during the operation. One is in BaoxiaTown of Yun County and other two are in the Zhushan County.

* The melting station will be sited away from resident centers, schools and surface water, atleast 300 m leeward from near residential houses. Based on the site investigation, suchlocations , like Jigonghe road maintain station near K19+000, Shuangtai road maintainstation near K47+100 and Yerengou road maintain station near K61+900 are quitesuitable for set asphalt stations.

* Provide sufficient protection to workers at these stations.* When the bid document is prepared, the above mentioned site selection conditions for

asphalt plants will be included in the bid document and will eventually be the contractualrequirements for the contractors.

Air-borne Dust Impact and MitigationThe main factors affecting air-borne dust are the traveling speed of vehicles, wind speeds,handling of bulk and powdering materials, dust falling on the road and moisture on the roadsurface. The traveling distance of air-borne dust is closely related to wind speed. According tothe monitored data on Jing-Jin-Tang expressway during its construction phase that, at the 150m leeward, the TSP is 5.093 mg/m3, exceeding the Class 2 standard of NationalEnvironmental Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996). As described previously a few sensitivereceptors including schools, hospitals and residential housing are located within this distance,which could be impacted by the dust.

43


Following measures are to be taken:* Timely cleanup of spoiled or excessive materials produced by hill cutting and excavation.* Contractors will be requested by contracts to provide water spray vehicles to water the

unpaved ground, storage piles and other areas where airborne dust may originate. Thewater spray operation will be carried out in dry and windy day, at least twice a day(morning and afternoon). The frequency of water spray near sensitive receptors, such asvillages and schools, will be increased as may be needed.

* The truck transporting powder materials, such as cement, sand and lime, will be covered.* Speed of transportation vehicles entering in the construction sites and passing through

the villages will be restrictedly limited.

Motor Vehicle Emission during Ogeration PhaseAccording to traffic volume projection for this Project and EA team's past experience of similarprojects, the low volume of this project will not cause significant impact on ambient air quality.The limited amount of emissions is expected to quickly dispersed with little impacts to theoverall air quality in the area. It is anticipated that the current Class II standard will bemaintained during the operation phase.

4.5 Impact of Land Acquisition and Resettlement and Mitigation Measure

The proposed project is upgraded within the line so the land occupation amount is rather little.The whole project will occupy 117.16 mu of land, and no houses need to be demolish .Theproject proponent places high importance to land occupation and resettlement and relocation workas well as potential impacts of these activities to the local communities. A dedicated ProjectResettlement Group has been established and retained by HPCD to undertake the resettlementworks for Shi-Man expressway and its rural road upgrading projects. Up to now, the team ismaking initial progress and preparing TOR for the RAR No detailed data and informationabout resettlement is available at this stage. HPCD has promised the Resettlement Group willfollow the requirements of World Bank's OP4.12, and relevant state and Hubei provincial policiesand regulation and will prepare Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for those projects. The RAP willinclude reasonable compensation to land occupation and relocation of facilities on the occupiedland. Relevant institutional structure will be established to oversee and implement variouscompensation and mitigation measures in order to minimize the potential impacts from the projectland occupation.

4.6 Social Impact

Significant positive social impacts will be brought by the proposed Project, including thefollowing:* Improved local transportation conditions, reduced traveling time and cost, and decreased

traffic accidents;* Easy access to services and markets. In particular, the vulnerable groups will have better

access to medical and education services.* Promoting economic growth in the region, promoting flows of goods and providing easy

44


access to market places. The improved transportation infrastructure will also help attract

outside investment and support the local economic development.The Project construction and operation will bring funds to the local economy and provide

employment and income opportunities. This will help the poverty alleviation effort in the

Project region.

At the same time, however, some negative social impacts will be brought as the result of

project construction, including traffic blocking during construction, interruption of some

irrigation facilities, safety of people during construction, especially to vulnerable group as

school children and elderly, etc. These impacts could be effectively mitigated by the following

measures:

* The construction will be carried out half of the road at a time to minimize the impact on

traffic.* The existing irrigation facilities will be protected, and any interruption will be minimized

and restored as soon as the construction is complete. Spoil materials are prohibited from

dumping into the irrigation canals.* Traffic warning signs will be installed at sensitive receptors, such as primary schools,

hospital and residential areas, and an safety education program will be carried out on the

people affected particularly school children.* Transportation of materials and operation of equipment will be carefully scheduled based

on public consultation.* To avoid disease transmission, the construction camps will have a management system

for hygiene, sanitation and environmental control. Health training will be provided to all

construction workers particularly the knowledge for prevention and control of epidemic

diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), AIDS and hepatitis B, etc.

The construction camps and living quarters will be cleaned and disinfected regularly,

providing a clean and healthy living environment to construction workers. All workers will

be checked for their health regularly including temperature checks. An emergency plan

will be in place to quarantine workers who suspected of having SARS or other infectious

diseases and hospital authority will be informed immediately.

4.7 Impact on Existing Traffic Condition and Mitigation

This project is on the roads which are the primary outing roads for the local residents. As such,

construction on the roads would impact the existing traffic including temporary traffic jams

affecting the outing, access to services and local transportation. More specifically these

impacts include:

* The construction machinery on the roads would block the roads causing traffic jam and

slow down the traffic.* The spoil soil from earthwork of the project, if not handled properly, could be left on the

road and reduce the road transportation capacity.During the rainy season, the disturbed the road side and slopes and materials piles, if not

well protected, could cause soil erosion, worsening the road conditions and affecting the

45


traffic.* In areas where the geological conditions are poor, the excavation could result in slide and

depression of the roads affecting the road capacity.

* Roadside residents will be significantly affected during pavement or other activities

requiring complete road closure; however such affects will be temporary typically only

lasting for about 1 week.

In order to mitigate these impacts, following measures will be taken:

* In order to minimize the impact on existing traffic, the construction will be limited to half of

the road surface at a time; therefore the road would remain open.

* Waming signs like "construction ahead, reduce speed" will be installed by contractors on

their road sections, a staff will be designated by the contractor to guide traffic when

necessary;* Construction will be well organized. Materials from excavation should be removed from

the site promptly and should be avoided to take road space for storage.

* Temporary ditches will be excavated and straw and grass mats will be prepared to cover

the temporary stock piles to minimize the soil erosion on the road side.

* Construction in poor geological condition sites will take protective measures before the

construction, including retaining walls etc. to avoid road base slides.

* Construction plan will be disclosed to the roadside residents well ahead of the

construction for a given road section, who will then have the opportunity and time to

arrange their own daily work and outing plans;

* Warning lights will be provided in nighttime at the road section under construction to guide

the vehicles;

4.8 Management of Construction Camps

According to the construction schedule and planning, most of construction workers will live in

the local houses on a rental basis. But a certain area of land will also be required to store

construction equipment and materials, as well as in sections distant to villages. Four to five

such temporary camps will be set up. The construction camps will have a management

system for hygiene, sanitation and environmental control. Health training will be provided to all

construction workers particularly the knowledge for prevention and control of epidemic

diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), AIDS and hepatitis B, etc. The

construction camps and living quarters will be cleaned and disinfected regularly, providing a

clean and healthy living environment to construction workers. All workers will be checked for

their health regularly including temperature checks. An emergency plan will be in place to

quarantine workers who suspected of having SARS or other infectious diseases and hospital

authority will be informed immediately. Otherwise, septic tanks will be provided for

construction camps, which will be cleaned regularly. The drinking water quality will be ensured

to meet the national standard for drinking water.

Contractors will be selected based on competitive bidding and be requested to prepare

various construction management plans and rules under the supervision of the local

communication bureaus and to provide training, including environmental training to workers.

46


The environmental training program will cover environment management, construction safety,

noise, dust, camp management and health. In addition, environment management will be

included in the contract and its implementation will be supervised by the communication

bureaus, the environmental supervisor designated by the bureaus and environmental

monitoring team to be designated for the construction.

4.9 Environmental Benefit

The potential positive environmental benefits of the proposed project are:

* Reduced soil erosion by improved drainage system along the road and protective works

* Saving on resources by increasing vehicle operation efficiency, lowered fuel consumption,

reduced air-borne dust, noise and air emission;

* Improved transportation conditions, saved traveling time of vehicles on the road and

reduced likelihood of traffic accidents on the road and during the ferry;

* Improved irrigation efficiency, control of soil erosion, reduced river siltation and flooding

risks;* Attraction of residents from scattered small settlements to the road side, and alleviate

damage on ecosystem;* The impact on the sensitive receptors will be monitored and effective mitigation measures

will be taken wherever necessary (for example, two hospitals will be installed with noise

insulation windows and one primary schools will be relocated), thus the environmental

impacts of the sensitive receptors will be minimized and controlled.

4.10 Safeguards Assurance and Compliance

There are nice other safeguards policies, besides OP 4.01, in the World Bank which could

apply to a Bank financed project. The Project EA includes an initial screening and, where

triggered, full application of the safeguards policies. The following summarizes the safeguard

issues for this Project.

* OP 4.04 Natural Habitats - There are no natural reserves or significant natural habitats

within the project area, thus this policy is not applied.

* OP 4.11 Cultural Property - The EA team has undertaken a cultural property survey and

assessment. No cultural properties have been found within the assessment area, thus this

policy is not applied* OD 4.20 (being converted to OP 4.10) Indigenous Peoples - The EA as well as project

RAP team have not found any indigenous peoples in the project area. Thus this policy is

not applied.* OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement - A RAP team is engaged by the HPCD to prepare a

project RAP based on 0P4.12 as well as applicable laws, regulations and policies of

central, provincial and local governments. The main findings and conclusions of the RAM

are included in this report.* OP 4.36 Forestry and OP 4.09 Pest Management - There are no forest or large area of

woodlands in the project area. The storage and usage of pesticide will not be increased

47


as the result of the project implementation, thus these policies are not applied.

OP 4.37 Safety of Dams, OP 7.50 International Waterways and OP 7.60 Disputed

Area - These policies need not to be applied as this project will not involve dam,

international water or disputed areas.

48


Chapter 5 Public Consultation and Information Disclosure

5.1 Methodology

The EA team has carried out a public consultation program during March-April 2003 to

understand the opinions and concerns of the public in the proposed road section from Baoxia

to Zhushan. The consultation focused on the affected people and entities, including schools,

hospitals, residential areas, village committees, township governments and municipal

government agencies. Through questionnaires, interviews and public meetings, 164

individuals have expressed their concerns and opinions. Table 5-1-1 summarizes the objects

surveyed, and Map 5 shows their distribution.

Table 5-1-1 Number of People Surveyed

No. Categories surveyed No. organizations No. of people

1 Directly affected people 82

2 Hospital 5 14

3 School 11 22

4 Village committee 4 25

5 Township government and congress 3 7

6 Municipal government officials 14

Total 164

The statistics of the people surveyed are summarized in Table 5-1-2 below.

Table 5-1-2 Statistics of the People Surveyed

Sex Education background Occupation

Male Female Primary Middle college Official Farmer Teacher Doctor

school school

No. 113 51 15 123 26 21 107 22 14

% 69 31 9 75 16 13 65 13 8

5.2 Results

The EA team first briefed public members the project information, such as works description,

alignment, possible benefits to people and negative impacts. The focus was placed on the

collection of concerns from the roadside residents and organizations.

Table 5-1-3 summarizes the public consultation results.

49

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Table 5-1-3 Public Consultation Results

Date | Location N of pepe | Method Major concernlopinions(malelfemale

Shiyan cityYun County and Zhushan County where theproposed project is located is the key area for soil

Water conservation. With years of forestation effort, the

Wat4/03 Conservan 1/ Interview. soil erosion status has been effectively curbed. In

3/24/03 Conservan 1u0 Interview order to protect the water quality of the head water

cy Bureau source for the South-North water Transfer Project,

soil conservation should be paid with high attentionduring the implementation.The project area is well planted. Construction of the

Water project would destroy the plant cover of the land

3/24/03 Conservan 1/1 Interview acquired. Stringent measures should be taken to

cy Bureau limit the construction activity within the land

acquired.The roadside residents would be affected by theproject during both construction and operation.

3/24/03 EPB 1/0 Interview High-noise equipment should be prohibited fromoperating in residential center. Also mitigationmeasures should be taken to control the air-bornedust.

Yun CountyDirector Zhang of the bureau said that Baoxia Townis well planted. The vegetation cover rate is 45.3%.The road widening will affect the plant cover along

3/25/03 Forestry 2/1 Interview the road. Therefore the road construction should besubject to the local forestry department. Vegetationshould be protected. Thee are several ancient trees

__________ __ which need careful protection.Due to great forestation effort soil erosion has beeneffectively controlled in Baoxia Town. Hill cutting,

Water spoil and borrowing pit are likely to be the source for

3/25/03 Conservan 0/1 Interview soil erosion. Therefore effective mitigation and

cy Bureau compensation measures should be taken. Theirrigation facilities should be protected. Spoil isprohibited from dumping into Dong River.

Although there is no large rivers in Yun county to beaffected by the project, the project will pass alongsmall rivers that have good water quality which need

3/25/03 EPB 1/0 Interview to be well protected. In addition, the location of

asphalt melting station is critical to pollution control.EPB would pay effort to monitor and manageenvironmental issues.

Communic The road project will promote the local economy.

3/25/03 ation 0/1 Interview The project need to be started as soon as possible.

Bureau This bureau would actively cooperate to make theroad project be a model project.

Zhushan CountyZhushan is one the counties designated for naturalforest reserve in Hubei Province. The project area is

3/26/200 Forestry well planted. According to regulations, the plant3 Forestry 1/0 Interview cover is under protection. Therefore the project is

3 Bureau pending on the agreement of the local forestry

department. In the ddep mountains, there areseveral kinds of wild animals.Zhushan County is the key area for soil

Water conservation. With years of forestation effort, the

3/26/03 Conservan 1/0 Interview soil erosion status has been effectively curbed. Soil

cy Bureau conservation should be paid with high attentionduring the implementation.

50


Date Location No. of people Method Major concernlopinions________ ~~(malelfomale)_____ ao!ocenoiin

Lanyu and Beixing Rivers are the upstreamtributaries of Dui River, although which is not

3/26/03 EPB 1/1 Interview calssified for water quality function, the EPB hopeClass II standard would be applied to these twosmall rivers. Local EPB need to take effective actionto manage the environment issues.

Baoxia Town of Yun CountyBaoxia Township Government would actively

Township support this project and cooperate to deal with the

3/27/03 Governme 2/0 Interview preparation work. This project should be

nt implemented as soon as possible to gain benefits to

the local economy.

Central Hope the project to be started as soon as possible.Hospital of Concern about potential noise impact. Traffic should

3/27/03 ospita o 2/1 Interview be well kept so that patients could go to hospital

Town without delay. Construction should be prohibited in

own__________ niqht.Support the project, but occupation of cultivated

Nol4 Group land should be minimized, the labor of the village

No.4 Group Question should be hared to earn additional income. The

3/27/03 of Hetiange naire residents are used to the noise and hope to live in

Village the roadside houses, since they want easy access

to the road.The students in classroom would be affected since

Hetian the classroom is adjacent to the road. The noisy

3/27/03 Primary 1/0 Interview equipment should be scheduled to avoid the class

School time, and alarming signs should be set at the schoolsection to ensure safety of the students.Support the project, the project will promote locaileconomy and personal income. But occupation of

cultivated land should be minimized, the labor of the

Zhaowan Group village should be hared to earn additional income.

3/27/03 Village 4/2 discussio Sufficient compensation should be paid for land

Committee n occupation. Construction should be well managed to

avoid traffic blocking. More traffic signs should be

set. Zhaowan Primary School should be paid with

attention for safety issue..

Zhaowan Construction should be well scheduled to avoid

3/27/03 Primary 0/1 Interview class time. Alarming signs should be set up on this

School section to protect students when crossing the road.

Teachers are quite concerned about the impactarising from the road project on the students. The

Donghe construction should be well scheduled to avoid class

3/27/03 Middle 2/0 Interview time. Alarming signs should be set up on this

School section to protect students when crossing the road..Noise mitigation measures should be taken duringthe operation phase.Support the project. Villagers are concerned about

the land acquisition and resettlement, and hope to

Junjiaping Small relocate in the same village. The house condition

3/27/03 Village 4/1 public should be improved. Noisy equipment should be

Committee meeting banned in night and irrigation facilities should be

protected. Villagers should be employed by the

project to earn income.

3/27103 Donghe 12/7 Question Hope the project be complted soon. Satisfied with

Village naire the realignment of the road section.

Donghe Hope the project be completed soon. The new route

3/27/03 Hospital 1/1 Interview of the road will not pass the hospital, so the dust

and noise impact is minor to the hospital.

51


Date Location No.aofpeople) Method Major concern/opinions(malelfmale)Mjrcnenoiin

Tangping Because the road is far from the school, teachers

3/2703 Tangping 1/0 Interview thought the impact in construction phase would be

3/27/03 Primary 110 Interview minor. But the safety issue of the students should be

School given consideration.

Support the project. Villagers are concerned about


Gaoqiao Small relocate in the same village. The house condition

3/27/03 Village 6/2 public should be improved. Noisy equipment should be

Committee meeting banned in night and irrigation facilities should be


I.proiect to eam income.

Gunzigou The road is 50 m from the school, therefore the

Guniagou . impact during construction is minor. But the teacher

3/27/03 Primary 1/1 Interview is particularly concerned about the hill blasting

School exercise which need be well managed.

Support the project. Villagers are concerned about


3iagehi Question relocate in the same village. The house condition

3/27/03 Vllageh 11/4 nairesn should be improved. Noisy equipment should be

na9re banned in night and irrigation facilities should be


Pioaect to earn income.This school is close to the road, so the teacher is

Prmr quite concerned about the noise impact and safety

3/7/3lnc Question issue during the construction and operation of the

3/27103 Xianchol 111 nairesn project. The construction should be scheduled in

Villani naire vacation period of school or mitigation measures

such as noise insulation should be taken. Traffic

signs should be set up on this section.

Shuangtai Town of Zhushan CountyThe teachers are concerned about the noise and

safety issue. Since the road is close to the school,

Zuoji they think the construction of the road would cause

3/28/03 Primary 2/1 Interview impact on the school. The construction should be

School scheduled in vacation period of school or mitigation

measures. Teachers also would educate students

I about the safety issue.

No. 1 Question Support the project. Villagers should be employed

3/28103 XGroupof 6/2 Qunaire snby the project to earn income. Borrowing pit should

Xiangshan nie avoid farmland.

V illag e__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Because the clinic and ward building is right facing

the road, the staffs are concerned about noise

Hospital of impact in construction phase and hope to take

3/28103 Shuangtai 2/0 Interview mitigation measures against noise. Speed limit and

Town safety signs should be set up on the section and

keep the road open to ensure easy access of the

hos[ital to patients.

Shuangtai Greatly support the project. The government would

3/28/03 Township 2/0 Interview actively coordinate the land acquisition and

Governme resettlement. In addition the government hopes the

nt I_project would employ local labor.

52


Date Location (male/fpoaple) Method Major concern/opinions

Pankou Town of Zhushan CountyThe committee is concerned about the land

Nankou Small acquisition. It hopes to get reasonable

3/28/03 Village 5/1 public compensation for land occupation. And the landCommittee meeting occupation should be minimized and borrowing pit

should avoid farmland. Villagers should beemployed by the project.

Taoyuan The road is 50 m from the school, therefore the

3/28/03 maouan 2/1 Interview impact during construction is minor. But the teacher

School is particularly concerned about the hill blastingoperation which need be well managed.

Question The villagers are satisfied with the new alignment of3/28/03 Santai 12/5 ue this section. The villagers also want reasonable

compensation for land occupation.Teachers hope the project be started as soon as

Santai possible. Particular concern about safety of students

3/28/03 Primary 1/2 Interview is expressed. Traffic signs should be set up on this

School section. Teachers also hope the project to repair the

access road to the school.Villagers think the project will not severely impact

Tianwan Question their life. But ask for reasonable compensation for

3/28/03 Village 7 naire land occupation and participation in the project to

earn income.

Pankou The government supports the project. But it

Township concerns about the land acquisition issue. The

3/28/03 Governme 2/1 Interview affected villagers should get reasonable

nt compensation for land occupation. The roadsideplants should be protected..

Chengguan Town of Zhushan CountyBecause the school is close to the road, teachers

Medicine and students all say that they are severely impacted

3/31/03 School of 2/2 Interview by the noise. Although this section need not to be

Zhushan upgraded, noise insulation measures should be

County taken in view that the traffic flow would increase

Iafter the project.

Hospital of Hope the project be started as soon as possible.

3/31/03 Zhuanshan 3/1 Interview Noise insulation windows should be installed to the

Medicine hospital. Traffic signs should be set up on this

School section.

SkinDisease Noise insulation windows should be installed to the

3/31/03 Hospital of 1/2 Interview hospital. Traffic signs should be set up on this

Zhushan section.County

Note: The people surveyed in township government included local people's representatives and township directors.

The EA team has distributed 180 copies of a public opinion questionnaire during the public

consultation, with 144 copies returned. The return rate is 80%. The results of the questionnaire

survey are summarized in Table 5-1-4 below.

53


Table 5-1-4 Summary of Questionnaire Results__No. Question Pe centage e/@

1 Are you satisfied with local transportation condition? 17 68 15(1)yes (2) no (3) do not know

2 What do you think about the road upgrading project? 92 4 -6(necessary (2)unnecessary (3) do not know

3 Which road facilities need to be upgraded? 64 21 15(1) road surface (2) bridge (3) greeningDo you think the road upgrading project will bring benefit to the

4 roadside residents? 92 - 8(1)yes (2) no (3) do not know

Impact in construction phaseWhat is you opinion about land acquisition?

5 (1) agreement (2) disagreement (3) agreement provided with 11 2 87reasonable compensation

6 Which do you think will cause most significant impact? 51 22 27_(1) noise (2) air-borne dust (3) safety

7 Do you hope the worker to rent your house? 96 - 2(1)yes (2) no (3) do not know

8 Which safety issue need to be paid most attention on? 69 43 78_(1)blasting (2) children on road (3)speed of construction vehicleWhat kind of impact will be brought on your income during the

9 construction? 45 6 49(1) increased income (2)decreased income (3) no impact

Impact in operation phaseWhich kind of impact do you think will be brought on your daily life

10 when the traffic volume rise? 67 129 14(1) noise (2) decreased agricultural income (3) air-borne dust

11 Will you feel it is noisy when the traffic volume rise? 7 62 31(1)noisy (2) little bit noisy (3) no

OtherIf the road alignment is close to school or hospital, what do you

1 2 thn?719 74(1) the alignment should be kept far away (2) the school or hospital 7 19should be relocated (3) mitigation measures should be takenYou are living in good environment, then what do you think about the

13 impact on environment by the project? 9 64 27(1)significant (2) minor (3) impactFor the land acquisition, what do you want?

14 (1) reasonable compensation (2) do not agree to land acquisition (3) 89 2 49allocate another land

Other requirement and concern1. Farmland occupation should be minimized. If necessary, villagers should get reasonable

compensation. If some structures need to be demolished, the compensated house should be ofhigher quality than the old one and should be provided within the village.

2. local farmers should be hared to work on the project to earn income.3. Borrow pit should not be in farmland.

14 4. Construction at school, hospital and village sections should be well managed to avoid noiseinterruption. And speed limit sign should be set on road during construction phase.

5. Construction should be well managed, and traffic should be well coordinated to avoid trafficblocking.

6. Plant cover should be protected, the drain system of road should be improved to avoid soil erosion.7. Asphalt smoke impact is a concern.

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5.3 Response to Public Concerns

The public consultation shows that the local people are very supportive of the Project and

want the Project to be completed as soon as possible. The people surveyed well understood

the Project contents and had most concerns related to the noise and traffic safety. Concerns

raised by the affected public have been recorded by EA team, and together with the design

team responsive mitigation measures have been developed and included in the report.

Following are the major public concerns and responses:

Land Acquisition and Resefflement

Land occupation is inevitable to any road projects. The roadside residents understand the

necessity of land acquisition. Most of the residents agree the land acquisition plan provided

they get reasonable compensation. The residents ask for direct compensation to their hands.

If some structures need to be demolished, the compensated house should be of higher quality

than the old one and should be provided within the village..

Response: A resettlement team has been designated by the HPCD to prepare a project RAP

and the team has already had the opinions of the public. The HPCD has promised to

safeguard the public interest based on the national laws and applicable World Bank policies.

The effort will be made that the compensation will be distributed to the affected public in the

most efficient way possible.

Employment of local labor force

The public and government wanted the project to employ the local labor so that they could

have more income opportunities from the Project construction and operation.

Response: The EA team has transferred the requirements to the HPCD who have demanded

the Zhuanshan and Yun Counties Communication Bureaus to give full considerations of

employing labor from local sources. The locals can be used as hard labor and, after training,

for jobs requiring more skills.

Siting of borrow pitsThe borrow pits should not be selected on farmland.

Response: The sites of deposit and borrow pits will be carefully selected during the design

phase to avoid occupying farmland. The soil conservation and restoration will be carried out

immediately after the construction by contractor according to contractual provisions after the

soil borrowing operation is completed.

Noise and safety impactThe public is concerned that construction activities near schools, hospitals and villages could

cause noise disturbance. Increased traffic on the upgraded road during the construction and

operation could be a safety concern particularly to school children.

Response: Local Communication Bureaus and EPB of Zhushan and Yun Counties will carry

out an environmental monitoring program during the construction and operation phases. Noisy

equipment will not be operated in school time or nighttime without the consent from the

affected people and local governments. The EA team has worked with the design team to

develop mitigation measures against noise. Warning signs will be erected on construction

55


sites to control speed and driving safety.

Traffic BlockingThe public is concerned that construction activities could close the roads and impede the

traffic.

Response: The construction will be carried out in half of the road at a time to minimize the

impact on traffic. Warning signs like "construction ahead, reduce speed" will be installed by

contractors on their road section, a staff will be designated by the contractor to guide traffic

when necessary.

Soil ErosionThe public is concerned on the increased soil erosion due to construction activities.

Response: A total of 130007 m3 drainage and protective works have been included in the

design this Project. Soil conservation ability will be improved when these facilities are

completed. Protective works will be completed 15 days after the construction of road base

and mountain cutting. The road slopes will be protected through landscaping and mortar-brick

embankment will be built on the water saturated road base.

Asphalt EmissionThe public is concerned with asphalt mixing station emission

Response: Three asphalt stations will be sited in areas, at least 300 m leeward from

residential housing. These stations will be fully enclosed. Small and uncontrolled asphalt

stations will be banned.

5.4 Information Disclosure

This Environment Impact Assessment and the Environment Management Plan report will be

disclosed to the public once completed. In view of the difficult distribution of information in

such mountainous region, the EA team has carefully designed the means for information

disclosure. The EA document will be placed in the area primary schools which are easily

accessible by every villager. As newspapers are not well distributed in the rural areas, village's

public broadcasting systems (every village in the area is equipped with such a system) and

the public billboard are used to disclose the information. In summary information disclosure

will be carried out through the following means:

* Village's public broadcasting systems will be used to disclose information to villagers,

including brief introduction about the project, and the location where the EA

documentation is placed.* Shiyan TV station will be used to broadcast the information, covering the brief introduction

about the project, and the location where the Ea documentation is placed.

* Information also is published on the billboard of each village.

* Small booklets will be printed and distributed to villages, schools and hospitals. These

booklets contain information on the results of EIA and mitigation, as well as locations of

EA documents for public review.

56


Table 5-4-1 below shows the timing, location and means of information disclosure.

Table 5-4-1 Timing, Location and Means of Information Disclosure.

Date Location Means

Apr. 2004 Shiyan TV Station Broadcasting information

Village's broadcasting stationApr. 2004 andlbull boadcBroadcasting information

and bull board

Apr. 2004 Villages, schools and Information disclosure bookletshospitals along the road

Apr. 2004 Hetian Primary School EA documentation (Mar. 2004 edition) for this projectand the record of public comments

Apr. 2004 Primary School of Jianchi EA documentation (Mar. 2004 edition) for this projectVillage and the record of public comments

Apr. 2004 Zuoji Primary School EA documentation (Mar. 2004 edition) for this projectand the record of public comments

EA documentation (Mar. 2004 edition) for this projectApr. 2004 Santai Primary School

and the record of public comments

57


Chapter 6 Conclusions

The main conclusions drawn from the EA process are as follows:

Baseline Environment Status

* This proposed project is located within Yun and Zhushan, two national level poverty

counties in the northwest of Hubei province. The proposed road project is an important

part of the transportation network of Shiyan City. It is the vital transportation linkage

between the north and south area of Hanjiang Rivver. However the poor transportation

conditions have seriously slowed the economy development in the area.

* This proposed Project is located in an area well covered by plants but there is no forest or

large area woodlands. Underbrush and grass are the major plant cover. There are no

natural reserves or significant natural habitats and scenery found in the Project area.

Several ancient trees are located within the Project area. No cultural properties are found

during the EA site survey.* Soil erosion is severe in this project area. But the soil erosion has been effectively control

by great forestation effort for years. The soil erosion mode is 2100-4600 tIk2.a, falling into

the medium degree.* Most of the sensitive receptors are within 20 m from the roadside which are already

affected by the current noise on the road.

* The ambient air quality is very good, with monitored NO, can meet Class I standard and

PM10 is within the applicable Class II standards.

* The proposed project will not affect directly major rivers. The project will pass along small

rivers, Dong River, Lanyu River and Beixing River but with several river crossings. He

water quality of these small rivers is very good since no industries within their catchment.

All of the pollutant indicators can meet Class II standard except SS.

Impact Assessment Conclusions* Plant cover within construction site will be inevitably destroyed, likely causing soil erosion.

By mitigation measure designed by EA team, these impacts would be minimized.

* Noise arising from both construction and operation phases will cause negative impact on

the roadside residents, schools and hospitals. Responsive mitigation measures have

been developed in this report to minimize the impact.

* No major rivers will be affected by the proposed project. Provided the mitigation measures

being put in place, the negative impacts to other surface water bodies will be minimized.

* The major source for ambient air pollution will include asphalt melting operation and

air-borne dust caused by moving vehicles and storage piles in the construction phase.

Such impact will be effectively mitigated by careful site selection and enclosed operation

of asphalt melting stations as well as water spray on dirt road and storage piles. Although

the traffic volume is expected to rise as the result of improved transportation condition, it

will still remain low. Based on comparative analysis, the ambient air quality can still meet

Class II standard during the operation phase.

* A resettlement team has been designated by HPCD to prepare the RAP. The public

interest will be safeguarded based on national laws. And the living quality of the affected

people will be improved by the resettlement.

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* The construction will be done at half of the road at a time to minimize impacts on traffic.

* With appropriate management of construction camps, proper treatment of the wastewater

generated, and proper disposal of the solid waste from the camps, the impact of the

camps will be minimized.* Extensive benefits to the local transportation infrastructure, economic development as

well as convenience and standard of living of the local residents will result when the

project is completed.

This road upgrading project will significantly improve the local transportation condition, thus

bring substantial benefits to the local economy, people's income and agricultural restructuring.

It will also provide an easier access for the roadside residents to market, service and

education. As a result, life quality of the local residents will be improved, and poverty alleviated.

As the negative impacts to environment will be minimized and mitigated, this project has

received strong supports from local people and governments. As a general conclusion, this EA

has found this Project environmentally acceptable, provided all mitigation measures designed

for this Project is well implemented.

59


Chapter 7 Environment Management Plan

7.1 Contents of Environmental Management Plan

The environmental management plan consists of environmental action plan, environmental

supervision plan, and environmental monitoring plan.

Environment Action Plan: An environmental protection action plan is a series of measures

which have been developed and will be taken during the design, construction and operation

phases in order to mitigate or avoid negative environment impacts, including management and

monitoring plans for the operation phase.

Environment Supervision Plan: An environmental supervision plan is the plan to supervise

the implementation of the mitigation measures and ensure to achieve the environmental

protection objectives.

Environment Monitoring Plan: An environmental monitoring plan is to monitor environmental

performance, evaluate environmental projection, identify unexpected impacts and develop

new mitigation measure as may be necessary. Figure 7-1 shows the environment

management procedure for the proposed Project.

World Bank Environmental Management Consulting Service

Preparaion Project proposal Environmental Assessment

J | ~Feasibility study _

Appraisalng j Environmental Management Plan

Appraisal ~~~~~Planning

Preliminarv|] Environmentalsupervision

Negotiation |Tenderina

ConstruEnvironmental monitoring and

Implementation | final review and acceptance

|Coetion

Figure 7-1 Baozhu Road Environmental Management Procedures

7.2 Management Organizations

Figure 7-2 lists the names and responsibilities for environmental management organizations

(EMO) involved in this Project. The detail responsibilities for environmental management

organizations lists in the following content.

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Environmental Protection Office of HPCD Shiyan EPB Supervision Agency

World Bank Financed Project Office of ___. _

HPCD(2 Environment Specialists)

Zhushan EPB Normal Supervision Agency

and Yun EPB

each) ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ' ..

m~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

oC3

V o CD _CD

2 0)

CD 00 0

CD0

Zhushan and Yun county Environmental Monitoning

Traffic Bureau(at least I Unit of Yun and Zhushan

Environment Specialist cut

each)

Environmental Monitoring and Implementing Agency in Environmental Supervision Agency

operation

Figure 7-2-1 Environmental Management Organizations

It can be seen from the above figure that the management organizations can be divide into

management organizations and supervision organizations, with their responsibilities and

duties presented in Table 7-2-1 and 7-2-2 respectively.

Table 7-2-2 Main Responsibilities for Supervision Organizations

Organizations Responsibility

* Project environmental supervision and administration.

* Enforce applicable laws, regulations and standards.

* Coordinate the environmental protection effort between departments

Shiyan EPBcoerd concerned* Check and supervise the construction, completion and operation of

environment facilities

Zhushan Counties * Assist EPB of Shiyan City to complete its daily work.

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Table 7-2-1 Responsibilities for Environmental Management Organizations

Name Responsibilites Remarks

Design and Construction Stage

* Environmental management during project One full time environmental

design and construction staff to supervise and

HPCD PMO * Ensure to include environmental implementation and

requirements and mitigation measures in the monitin and

bid documents ~~~~~monitoring planbid documents

Design Team * Incorporating environmental requirements

(HBCPDI) and mitigation into the design

* Analyze the environmental feasibility, and

potential environmental impacts, propose

mitigation measures and prepare EIA and

EA Team (SSSRI) EMP* Assist the design team and PMO to

incorporate the mitigation measures into the

bid documents

* Participates in environmental training

organized by SPCD PMO

* Supervise environmental performance and

Environmental EMP implementation during construction,

Supervision record any issues found and propose

mitigation measures.

* Prepare monthly environmental supervision

reports for SPCD reviews

* Incorporate environmental requirements in

their bids and implement all mitigation

measures outlined in EMP.measures outlinetraining. One environmental staff in

Contractor * Participate in SPCD environmental training. e cnro

* Record environmental performance and each contractor

prepare regular environmental reports for

SPCD review.

Environmental 0 Monitoring air, noise and water quality during

monitoring stations of construction

Yun and Zhushan 0 Prepare regular environmental monitoring

counties reports for SPCD reviews.

Operation Stage

Communication * Environmental management during operation One environmental staff in

Zhushani Counties stge each bureau

Environmentalmonitoring stations of 0 Environmental monitoring during construction

Yun and Zhushan and prepare regular monitoring reports

counties

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7.3 Environment Management Plan

7.3.1 Environment Protection Action Plan

Together with the Project design team, the EA team has developed a series of mitigation

measures for the design, construction and operation phases. All the mitigation measures have

been agreed by HPCD and local Communication Bureaus. As the Project owner, local

Communication Bureaus will be directly responsible for implementation of the measures.

Table 7-3-1 below presents the detailed management plan.

Table 7-3-1 Impact Mitigation Measures

Issues Mitigation Measures Implementation ResponsibleIOrganizations Organizations

A. Design phase

* Prior to construction, noise insulation windows in

nine schools and four hospitals located within 50 HPCD

m of the roads (see Table 4-2-1 for details). 4-2-1 Communicatio

* It is proposed to install noise insulation windows Design team n Bureaus of

Traffic noise for residents in five villages most impacted before DeA team n and

operation (see Table 4-2-2 for details) and EA team Yun and

* Asphalt road surface is designed to absorb noise Counties

on road.* Construction activity will be limited to daytime.

* Drain and guard works will be constructed HPCD

* The road slope will be protected by grass cover Communicatio

Soil erosion and mortar-brick embankment will be built on the Design team n Bureau of

saturated road base. and EAteam Yun and

. The deposit sites have been selected on waste Zhushan

____________ land. Restoration plan has been designed. _ Counties

. Efforts to balance the excavated material where

possible to minimize the need for disposal* The disposal sites have been selected in stable HPCD

Spoil Soil areas with no slides or serious erosion with no Communicatio

utilization environmental sensitive receptors nearby. Design team n Bureau of

and disposal * Strictly prohibit disposal of the spoil soil into rivers and EAteam Yun and

or randomly. Zhushan

* Design carefully the drainage control including Counties

interception and drainage ditch, retaining walls as

needed. _* 130007m drainage system has been designed on

road HPCD

Surface * Existing bridges and culverts will be used where Communicatio

water possible Design team n Bureau of

polutin * Road surface drain system on the proposed new and EA team Yun and

pollution bridge to collect runoff Zhushan

* Construction camp and material stockpile should Counties

not be close to reservoir HPCD

* Locate asphalt mixing stations and other emission Communicatio

Air pollution sources at least 300m leeward from residential Design team n Bureau of

areas. and EA team Yun and

ZhushanCountiesHPCDCommunicatio

Cultural No cultural sites are found Design team n Bureau of

sites * No cultural sites are found and EA team Yun andZhushan

__ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ __I_ _ _ Counties

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Issues Mitigation Measures Implementation Responsible

The existing road will be considered as possible

Land when designing the alignment of the project and HPCD

acquisi ion the land occupation will be minimized. dEA team Resettlement

and * A resettlement team has been designated by and EA team team

resettlement HPCD to carry out the work. HPCD

Ancient tree * Provision of ancient tree protection should be Design team Communicationincluded in construction contracts. and EA team and Zhushan

Counties

Restoration * Most of the earth work is balanced. No borrow pit HPCDRestoation is need.

Communication

of borrow * The deposit site is located at waste land with good Design team Bureau of Yun

and deposit drain system and should be restored after the an eam and Zhushan

site work is completed.. Counties

B. Construction Phase

* Hubei Traffic Commission will appoint staff to carry

out residence construction management HPCD

Construction HPCD will provide training on environment HPCommunication

managemen protection to contractors HPCD Bureau of Yun

managemen * Septic tank will be constructed to collect domestic Contractor and Zhushan

wastewater, solid waste will be collected to Counties

designated place, and be cleaned by sanitation

____ ___ ___ agency_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

* Drainage system should be built before the

construction of road base and mountain cutting.* Protective works should be completed within 15

days after the construction of road base andmountain cutting, the road slope will be protected Communication

Soil erosion by grass cover and mortar-brick embankment will Contractor Bureau of Yun

control be built on the saturated road base. and Zhushan

* The construction contractor should keep close Counties

contact with metrology agency so as to take guardmeasure before rainfall., certain amount covermaterials, such as grass matting, should be kept

ready for rain day.. Bid documents will include provisions to prohibit

random disposal or disposal into rivers* Disposal will be conducted in layers to allow

.oil Soil maximum compaction. Upon completion of the Communication

utilization disposal operation, the site will reclaimed or Contractor Bureau of Yun

and disposal re-landscaped. Where possible, the materials will and Zhushan

be used in land leveling or other land preparation. Counties

* Disposal sites will be equipped with straw or grass

mats to be used during sudden rainstorm to

minimize soil erosion.Restoration

Communication

Restoraton * Within 15 day after the completion of construction, Contractor Bureau of Yun

of pan the plant cover should be restored. and Zhushan

cover Counties

* Noise insulation windows in nine schools and four

hospitals located within 50 m of the roads prior to

construction.* Forbid night time construction (22:00-6:00) with

noisy machines Communication

Construction * Coordinate work hours as much as possible to Contractor Bureau of Yun

Noise avoid impacts to sensitive receptors such as and Zhushan

schools and hospital Counties

* Use temporary barriers if necessary to controlnoise at sensitive reports

. Maintain machinery and vehicles in good

conditions.

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Issues Mitigation Measures Implementation Responsible

___________

~~~~~~~~~~~~~Organizations Organizations

* The workers' camps should be located far from the

water body, all of the domestic wastewater should

be treated by septic tank and the solid waste be

dumped at designated site before collected by HPCD

sanitation agency. Communication

Surface * The material stockpile site should be far away Bureau of Yun

water from surface water body and the area prone to Contractor and Zhushan

pollution surface run-off. The powder materials should be Counties

bagged and covered. Open ditch should be built

around the stockpile site to intercept wastewater.* The construction solid waste should be collected

and conveyed to designated place for safe

disposal in timely manner.* 3 central stations for asphalt melting are at most,

and enhance the management of the stations.

* The melting station should be remote from human

settlement center, at least 300 m leeward from

receptors.* Enhance sanitation safeguard for workers.

* Water spray vehicles should be provided by

contractors to water the unpaved ground. The Communication

Air water spray operation should be carried out in dry Contractor Bureau of Yun

Pollution day or windy day, at least twice per day( morning and Zhushan

and afternoon). The frequency of water spray at Counties

sensitive receptors, such as village, school and

rest home, should be increased.* The truck transporting powder materials, such as

cement, sand and lime, should be covered.

* Speed of material transportation vehicles entering

in the construction site should be restrictedly

limited.* Minimize earth work

Communication

Irrigation * Avoid earth dropping into irrigation system Bureau of Yun

system * Prohibit stockpile of materials at the irrigation Contractor and Zhushan

svstem area. Counties

* Construction plan should be disclosed to the

roadside residents who will then arrange their own Communication

Traffic daily work; Bureau of Yun

interruption * Enhance construction management; Contractor and Zhushan

i The construction will be in turn carried out at half Counties

of the road surface area to minimize the impact on

traffic.

* If a large number of valuable or invaluable articles

such as fabrics, coins, artifacts, structures, or Communication

Cultural other geographic or archeological relics are Bureau of Yun

Relics discovered under ground at one spot, the local Contractor and Zhushan

related department should be notified immediately. Counties

The excavation should be stopped until authorized

department identifies articles.

Protection of * Special education program should be carried out Communication

anient lfor the workers about the significance of these Cotract Bureau of Yun

ancien ancient trees, and alarming signs should be set for ontctor and Zhushan

trees these trees. Counties

Communication

Wild animal * Workers will be educated and prohibited from Contractor Bureau of Yun

protection catching birds. and ZhushanCounties

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Issues Mitigation Measures Implementation Responsible___________

Organizations Organizations

* Provide education on disease to workers,

contractor is recommended to provide recreational

facilities to workers.* The construction camps will have a management

system for hygiene, sanitation and environmentalcontrol. Health training will be provided to all

construction workers particularly the knowledge for

prevention and control of epidemic diseases The

construction camps and living quarters will be Communication

Health and cleaned and disinfected regularly, providing a Bureau of Yun

Safety clean and healthy living environment to Contractor and Zhushan

construction workers. All workers will be checked anties

for their health regularly including temperature Counties

checks. An emergency plan will be in place to

quarantine workers who suspected of having

SARS or other infectious diseases and hospital

authority will be informed immediately.* Provide safety protection to the workers at the site

with high noise and dust.* Regular medical test should be provided to

workers.* The land occupation should be restrictedly limited

to within the boundaries defined before

construction. Construction activity is prohibited

from occupying more land than the pre-defined,otherwise Hubei Provincial Traffic Commission

should pay compensation to the people affected Communication

Social according to relevant regulations Cotrt Bureau of Yun

impacts * The existing irrigation facilities should be ontracor and Zhushan

protected, and spoils are prohibited from dumping Counties

to the irrigation canals.* Transportation of material and operation of

equipment should be carefully scheduled based

on public consultation although these will not

cause significant impact.

C. Operation Phase

* Noise insulation windows in five impacted villages

prior to operation, detail in the table 4-2-2;

* Warning signs on road for horning bans and speed Communication Communication

Noise and controlBueuoYnBrau fYn

Air Pollution * Respond to monitoring results which show higher Bureau of Yun and Zhushan

noise and air emission than projected by Project aondtihsa aondtZhsha

* Regular maintenance on road to keep good road

surface condition.* Carry out environment monitoring exercise.

Environment * Improved irrigation efficiency, control of soil Environmental Communication

al erosion, reducing river siltation and flooding risk; monitoring Bureau of Yuan

Performanc * Saved resources by increasing vehicle speed, cnt oYuan and Zhushan

e lowered fuel consumption, reduced air-borne dust, Counties Counties

noise and waste_gas emission. Counties

7.3.2 Environmental Supervision Plan

Environmental supervision plan is designed to ensure effective mitigation to negative impacts.

Also this plan is to ensure the required environmental standards are achieved. Details are

presented in Table 7-3-2.

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Table 7-3-2 Environmental Supervision Plan

Project Responsible Content of supervision Objectives of supervision

phase organization Cneto uevso * Strctly comply with the

* Review EA report principle of environmental

* Review and approve cost for environmental control measures taken

protection and mitigation measures simultaneously

* Review monitoring reports and conduct site design-construction-operat

inspections for air emissions, noise, water ion policy and Project EAP

quality, waste management, hazardous * Ensure environmental

Design Shivan EPB materials storage and handling, borrow pits protection at the sites

Design And EPBs of and disposal sites rehabilitation and other satisfactory and

ans Yun and mitigation actions items. compliance with relevant

construct Zhushan * Monitor the implementation of EMP/EAP laws, regulations and

ion Counties * Review and accept pollution control standards

facilities built in the Project * Ensure land acquisition

* Inspection of measures for diseases control and erosion control carried

measures. out as planned

* Monitor and conduct site inspection for * Ensure pollution control

explosive handling and explosion facilities meet the design

operations

* Review monitoring report * Ensure implementation of

Shi an EPB * Review new mitigation measures monitoring plan

O~,eratio AndEPBs of * Check the environmental performance at * Endure the unexpected

neraso Yun and receptors environmental problems to

n Phase Zhushan * Response to environmental accident be resolved

Counties * Coordinate the investigation on * Reduce the likelihood of

environmental accident environmental accident.

7.3.3 Environmental Monitoring Plan

7.3.3.1 Implementation of Environmental Monitoring Plan

In order to ensure the implementation of mitigation measures and timely updating of EMP, the

EA team has designed the following monitoring plan which will be carried out by the

Environmental Monitoring Center of Zhushan County. Details of the monitoring plan are given

in Table 7-3-3 below.

Table 7-3-3 Environmental Monitoring Plan

(Monitoring Monitoring Monitori Sampling

Item Monitoring location i tmfrqec ng tm

item frequency duration time

Construction phase

PM10 and time inc

Asphalt mixing station asphalt Once/week 1 say time in

smoke mooning andafternoon

Randomsampling

One each

Material stockpile and naked road PM10 (increase in 1 day time in

dry and mooning and

Air strong wind afternoon

monitoring day)

Central Hospital of Baoxia Town,

Donghe Middle School, Primary Random

School of Xianchi Village, Zuoji sampling One each

Primary School, Hospital of PM (increase in 1 da time in

Shuangtai Town, Taoyuan dry and mooning and

Primary School, Santai Primary strong wind afternoon

School, Medicine School of day)

Zhushan County

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Monitoring Monitoring Monitori Sampling

Item Monitoring location item frequency ng timeduration

Central Hospital of Baoxia Town, Twice time

Noise Gunzigou Primary School, per day , 20

monitoring Hospital of Shuangtai Town, LAeq Once/week 1 day minutes each

Medicine School of Zhushan time

CountyOne each

Surface Location of the Beixing River SS, COD Oncetweek 1 day me in

water Bridge oilmongad

I_________ I___ I________ afternoon

Operation Phase

Central Hospital of Baoxia Town,

Zhaowan Primary School, Donghe

Middle School, Primary School of One each

Noise Xianchi Village, Zuoji Primary L 4 times/year One day time in day

monitoring School, Hospital of Shuangtai Town, A." and night

Taoyuan Primary School, Santai

Primary School, Medicine School of

Zhushan County

Air Central Hospital of Baoxia Town, PM1O and Once/a 5 days Continuous 5

Santai Primary School NO2days

Surface Location of the Beixing River Bridge SS, Cod Once/a 2 days

water and Oil __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

7.3.3.2 Monitoring Reports

The results of the monitoring program will be included in formal written reports. Environmental

monitoring reports for both the construction and operation phases will be prepared by the

Environmental Monitoring Center of Zhushan County For the construction period quarterly

reports need to be prepared submitted to the contractor and for the operation phase annual

reports Zhushan County Communication Bureau and EPB. The monitoring result will be

discussed in the report to identify whether the environmental standards are met, and whether

new measures are needed to mitigate any new environmental problems monitored. These

new measures will be implemented after approval from the HPCD and/or local Communication

Bureau.

As the Project owner, HPCD and local Communication Bureau will respond to the reports.

When any unexpected environmental impacts are monitored and identified, the Bureau will

organize the review, approval and coordination of the implementation of new mitigation

measures.

The construction period will be two years and each year environmental monitoring cost will be

RMB80,000. For the operation phase, RMB30000/year will be required for the monitoring. In

addition, a contingency of RMB50,000 will be set aside for accidental monitoring and

mitigation/remediation planning. A full-time staff at each of the two local communication

bureaus will be provided for maintenance of greening, drainage system, bridges and culverts.

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7.4 Personnel Training

The success of environmental management for the Project relies on the knowledge, and

experience of the personnel involved in environmental management. As contemporary

methodologies and approach towards environmental management for road construction and

operation are still new to the agencies in the local EPB and communication bureaus, training

of personnel from these agencies will be needed. The HPCD is responsible for organizing the

training.

The personnel training will cover environmental regulations, standards, and responsibilities,

etc. The details of the personnel training program are presented in Table 74-1.

Table 7-4-1 Personnel Training Program

Phase Department Number of Training Time Cost (RMB

Phase_ Departmentpeople period Time Yuan)

Traffic bureau of Yun and

Construction Zhushan Counties, 6 1 week Early 2005 6000

Construct n Contractorphase

Environmental supervisor 2 2 weeks Early 2005 8000

Operation Environment management Before 2008

phase staff 2 1 week when the road 2000

Is operational

Total cost 16000

7.5 Cost Estimate for Environmental Protection

The costs are presented in Table 7-5-1.

Based on the following table, the total cost for the environmental management will be

RMB1,870,550 (excluding the engineering cost for the drainage system and road

maintenance). As the total capital cost of the road upgrading project is RMB 168.459 million,

the environmental management cost will be 1 .11% of the total.

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