Environment Energy and the Economy Sweden-Presentation to MV Board-2009!06!12
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Transcript of Environment Energy and the Economy Sweden-Presentation to MV Board-2009!06!12
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Environment, Energy and Environment, Energy and the Economy: Swedenthe Economy: Sweden
–– Integrated Resource Recovery Integrated Resource Recovery ––
May 2009May 2009
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SwedenSweden• Sweden was extremely oil-dependent in the 1970s
• Since then, fossil fuel dependence for heating and electricity has decreased by 90%
• Ministry of Environment’s stated objective is to eliminate Sweden’s dependency on fossil fuels (for energy in the built environment) by 2020
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SwedenSweden
“…hand over to the next generation a country where all the environmental problems have been solved.”
Swedish Parliament,1999
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“…the short term is obsolete…”
“The challenge is not a shortage of energy, but a surplus of inefficiency!”
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• 6 elected representatives• 5 government staff• 1 academic• 1 consultant• 1 corporate CEO• 2 corporate partners
Who Attended? Who Attended?
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• 21 lecture presentations• 2 sustainable neighbourhoods• 2 recycling collection facilities• 1 advanced (pneumatic) waste collection facility• a steel plant and a heat exchanger manufacturing plant• 3 visits with elected representatives• 2 biogas plants; 2 biogas bus re-fueling facilities• 1 biomass plant• 2 waste-to-energy plants• 1 district cooling plant• 2 landfills
What did we see?What did we see?
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HammarbyHammarby Sjöstad, Stockholm
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Text Box
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Swedish Waste AgendaSwedish Waste Agenda1969: The Environmental Protection Act1972: The Public Cleansing Act. Responsibility by law for local authorities/municipalities to collect, treat and landfill municipal waste1994: Producers Responsibility for packaging, cardboard, metal, glass, plastics & paper2000: Tax on landfilled waste2001: Ordinance on landfilling and on producers responsibility for electronic waste2002: Ban on landfilling of combustible waste2005: Ban on landfilling of organic waste2006: Tax on incinerated household waste2009: New EU framework directive on waste2010: National Swedish targets:◦ 35 per cent of food waste from households, restaurants, etc. to biological treatment◦ at least 50 percent of household waste diverted through recycling and biological
treatment◦ all suitable food waste from the food industry to be recycled by biological treatment
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Municipal Waste ManagementMunicipal Waste Management
24 (combined) 2741037CANADA (2005)
449839700Metro Vancouver
Waste Landfilled WTE Recycled Composted
EU27 522 kg 42% 20% 22% 17%
Denmark 801 5 53 24 17
Germany 564 1 35 46 18
France 541 34 36 16 14
Netherlands 630 3 38 32 28
Finland 507 53 12 26 10
Sweden 518 4 47 37 12
UK 572 57 9 22 12
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The Waste HierarchyThe Waste Hierarchy
Energy from waste
Biological treatment
Reduce
All steps are connected. One can’t just focus on one or two!17
Reuse
Recycle
Recover
Dispose
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The Waste HierarchyThe Waste Hierarchy
Energy from waste
Biological treatment
Reduce
All steps are connected. One can’t just focus on one or two!18
Reuse
Recycle
Recover
Dispose
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Extended Producer ResponsibilityExtended Producer Responsibility• Importers and producers to take responsibility for
the collection and recovery of waste paper, with a 75% recycling target
• Recycling targets for packaging waste• Deposit fees for cans, refillable glass bottles and
refillable PET bottles• Recycling system at drop-off centres• Waste electronics recycling targets
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“…everyone who separates their waste is helping to reduce the greenhouse effect”, SYSAV
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The Waste HierarchyThe Waste Hierarchy
Energy from waste
Biological treatment
Reduce
All steps are connected. One can’t just focus on one or two!32
Reuse
Recycle
Recover
Dispose
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The Waste HierarchyThe Waste Hierarchy
Energy from waste
Biological treatment
Reduce
All steps are connected. One can’t just focus on one or two!42
Reuse
Recycle
Recover
Dispose
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• Political Leadership
• European Union Landfill Directive
• Swedish Legislation and Policies– landfill taxes initiated in 2000 (now at CAN $70 per tonne)– landfill ban on combustible waste in 2002– landfill ban on organic waste in 2005
• Establishment of district heating/cooling networks
• Close and long-term cooperation between municipalities, planners, developers, engineering consultants and industry
Swedish Drivers to WTESwedish Drivers to WTE
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The Waste HierarchyThe Waste Hierarchy
Energy from waste
Biological treatment
Reduce
All steps are connected. One can’t just focus on one or two!68
Reuse
Recycle
Recover
Dispose
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Swedish Environmental Swedish Environmental Protection AgencyProtection Agency
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Mayor Pamela Goldsmith-JonesCouncillor Scott Hamilton
Director Heather DealDirector Linda Hepner