ENV GLOBAL FORUM OCT 2016 - Session 2 - Peter BORKEY
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Transcript of ENV GLOBAL FORUM OCT 2016 - Session 2 - Peter BORKEY
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GOING FOR A RESOURCE
EFFICIENT ECONOMY - SOME POLICY GUIDANCE
Peter Börkey OECD, Environment Directorate Global Forum on Environment 24-25 October 2016
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• Some key trends in resource efficiency • Key policy trends • Policy guidance
– Mixes of policy instruments – Product lifecycle approaches – Policy integration
• Some conclusions
Outline
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KEY TRENDS IN RESOURCE EFFICIENCY
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Decoupling trends, 2000 to 2011
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1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Index 1980=100
material consumption
GDP
OECD
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1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Index 1980=100
material extraction
GDP
World
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But overall very high levels of per capita material consumption in OECD
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POLICY TRENDS
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• Evolution in RE strategies: – Resource efficiency as part of green growth / circular
economy / sustainable development strategies – Emphasis on downstream policies rather than upstream
policies
• Evolution in use of economic instruments for a richer policy mix: – Landfill and incineration taxes – Extended producer responsibility policies – Pay-as-you-throw charging of households
Implementation of resource efficiency policies in the OECD
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Landfill tax rates
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EU
R/t
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2013 High
2013 Low
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• Fragmented policy landscape to address specific materials / products / lifecycle stages / market players Risk of shifting environmental burden from one location, or one medium, or one phase of the lifecycle to another
Need for a carefully-designed policy mix to pursue a variety of objectives and target different materials and actors
• Challenge of integration and coherence between
policies
Persistent challenges
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POLICY GUIDANCE ON RESOURCE EFFICIENCY
HIGHLIGHTS
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The report builds on a number of OECD reports, including
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1. Apply mixes of policy instruments
2. Across the product lifecycle
3. Integrate RE into sectoral and cross-cutting policies
4. Strengthen monitoring, evaluation and data
Key messages
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Extraction
Design
Production Consumption
Recycling
1. Apply mixes of policy instruments
Disposal
Environmental permitting
Product standards for recyclability
Emissions standards
Environmental labelling
Industrial symbiosis
Landfill taxes
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2. Lifecycle approach: Extended Producer Responsibility
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1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
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Cumulative EPR adoption
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2. Extended Producer Responsibility: Issues
• Successful at generating resources to finance separate collection and increasing material recovery rates.
• But: – Very disparate performance in recycling rates and costs – Limited effects on incentivising environmental product
designs
• Updated Guidance on the design of EPR available
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3. Policy alignment and integration Correct misalignments with existing policies
ECONOMIC
TRADE
COMPETITION FISCAL
DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION
SOCIAL
INVESTMENT
CLIMATE & RESOURCE EFFICIENY
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• Finland, The Netherlands: – Circular Economy Roadmaps to support better co-
operation across policy areas.
• Sweden, Finland, Belgium, France: – Knowledge networks to support exchange of
experience, learning and the development of partnerships.
• United Kingdom – Far-reaching co-ordination for climate change: long-
term objectives, independent review mechanism.
3. Policy integration: best practices
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• Resource efficiency is an important challenge and a lot more needs to be done to reverse current trends;
• Need to focus efforts upstream of end-of-life • Strengthen use of economic instruments in
policy mix • Use a whole of life-cycle approach • Better integrate RE policies with sectoral and
cross-cutting policies
Conclusion
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Thank you for your attention