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Transcript of Entomology
Entomology
Original PowerPoint by
Mark Morgan
Modified by Georgia Agriculture Education
Curriculum Office
November 2005
What is Entomology?
- the branch of zoology that deals with the study of insects
• On average there are more than 750,000 species of insects that have been identified worldwide.
• There are only approximately 10,000 species of insects that are harmful to humans.
Problems
– Deadly epidemics of the past have been caused by diseased organisms carried by insects.
– Example: Bubonic Plague epidemic that wiped out the population of Europe in the 14 century was carried by fleas that infested rodents
Classification of insects:
–Kingdom–Phyla–Class–Order–Family–Genus–Species
• The highest level is the Kingdom
• The most specific is the species level.
• Organisms are usually classified by the genus and species.
• This is called a binomial nomenclature.
Six orders of insects:
- Orthoptera- which includes the grasshopper and locust
– Hemiptera- which includes the true bugs such as leaf hoppers and plant bugs
– Lepidoptera – moths and butterflies
– Homoptera- aphids
Cont’d…
– Thysanoptera- thrips– Coleoptera- which is
the largest group of the insect orders this has beetles
How are insects grouped?
• by the way they feed on plants
• by their mouth parts
Six Mouth Parts
– Sponging– Rasping- sucking– Siphoning– Chewing-lapping– Chewing– Piercing- sucking
• Insects have no internal skeleton and they rely on their hard outer coating, exoskeleton, which protects their inner organs and supports their body.
Parts of an Insect
– Head– Thorax– Abdomen
Head
– Has a pair of compound eye and two sensory appendages called antennae
Thorax
– is divided into three segments from which are attached three pairs of legs
Abdomen
– is attached to the thorax
– which will contain more segments
Life Cycles
– Incomplete Metamorphosis
– Complete Metamorphosis
Incomplete Metamorphosis
• Eggs
• to Early nymph (no wings)
• to late nymph (wings developing)
• Goes to Adult
Complete Metamorphosis
• Eggs to
• Larva to
• Pupa to
• Adult
What Is a Larva?
• It is when the young insect has soft tubular body and looks very much like a worm
What Is the Pupa Stage?
• The larva matures and will pass through the pupa stages which is usually a relatively dormant stage.
What is DDT?
– This is a chemical that was discovered by German name Othmar Zeidler in 1874.
– It is a chemical used to reduce the number of insects in a given area.
– Example: mosquitoes in the tropics
Integrated Pest Management
• Cultural methods• Insect diseases and
predators• Pheromones• Release of sterile
males• Insect resistant plants
varieties