( System Analysis Design )

Different Types of Information System

PULUPATAN, JOANNA MAY R.

BSIT-CS/3C

Wednesday 9-11AMLEC / 1-3PMLAB

ENTERPRISE SYSTEM:

  This type of system includes process like: information flow, reporting and data analysis within organization.

Enterprise information systems' design, application, implementation, and impacts in a variety of industrial sectors including manufacturing, service, healthcare, and government

Enterprise information systems and e-logistics, global e-supply chain management, supplier relationship management (SRM), customer relationship management (CRM)

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

Business process and workflow modeling, analysis, integration, monitoring, and management

Enterprise modeling and integration, enterprise engineering

Enterprise computing concepts for specific domains such as electronic and mobile commerce, vertical domains such as finance, telecommunications, automotive, aerospace, command and control, defense, healthcare, and government

Inter-enterprise collaboration and virtual enterprises

Enterprise architecture design and modeling, model-driven architecture (MDA), component-oriented architecture, service-oriented architecture (SOA), collaborative development and co-operative engineering

Integration of (legacy) enterprise applications and information, integrated systems, e-factories, integrated manufacturing systems, industrial informatics

Evolution and management of enterprise computing systems

Realization technologies for enterprise computing, including ontology’s and semantic web support, middleware standards and systems, such as CORBA and J2EE, modeling and description languages, such as XML, RDF, OWL, and UML

Enterprise computing tools

Business intelligence and knowledge management in enterprise information systems

Trust, security, and privacy issues in enterprise computing

Quality assurance issues in enterprise computing

Enterprise modeling and simulation

Systems research, systems engineering and enterprise information systems

Future generation enterprise information systems

Applications, case studies, and management issues

EXPLANATIONS:

The term 'Enterprise systems' describes the range of administration systems used by any large organization that utilizes computers. An enterprise information system offers a well-defined set of services to its clients. These services are exposed to clients as local or remote interfaces or both. Examples of enterprise information systems include enterprise resource planning systems, mainframe transaction processing systems, and legacy database systems.

EXAMPLES:

Enterprise Systems

Explanation : When a sales rep in Brussels enters a customer order, the data flow automatically to

others in a company who needs to see them

Enterprise Systems

Explanation :

The factory in HongKong receives the order and begins production

The warehouse checks its progress online & schedules the shipment date

The warehouse can check its stock of parts & replenish whatever the factory has depleted

Enterprise Systems

The enterprise system stores production information, where it can be accessed by customer service representatives to track the progress of order through every step of the manufacturing process

Explanation :

Updated sales and production data automatically flow to the accounting department

Enterprise Systems

The system transmits information for calculating salesperson’s commission to the payroll department

Explanation :

The systems also automatically recalculates the company’s balance sheets, accounts receivables

Corporate headquarters in London can view up-to-the minute data on sales, inventory & production

DATAWAREHOUSE INFORMATION SYSTEM

 As the name indicates this system takes the responsibility of storing large amount of data. The data here are stored electronically. It not only stores data, but also provides operations like analyzing data, retrieving, sharing and loading and managing data dictionary.

Advantage:

1) provides a data model which are common for all data.

2) Inconsistencies are removed before loading data into warehouse

The meaning of the data warehouse mainly focuses on the data storage or storage memory. The main source of the information or data is cleaned, catalogued, transformed and made available for use by the managers and other company or business professionals for online analytical; processing, data mining, decision support and market research.

EXPLANATIONS:

The concept of data warehousing has evolved out of the need for easy access to a structured store of quality data that can be used for decision making. It is globally accepted that information is a very powerful asset that can provide significant benefits to any organization and a competitive advantage in the business world.

But, the means to analyze and retrieve data, to transform, load and extract data, and to manage the data dictionary are also considered important elements of the data warehousing system. Several references to the data warehousing employ this broader context. Therefore, an expanded definition for the data warehousing comprises the business intelligence tools, the tools which is used to extract, transform and load information, into the repository, and tools used in order to retrieve and manage the data.

EXAMPLES:

Data Acquisition/Collection

Metadata

Data Marts

Trustworthiness/Security

Transformation and access metadata and systems documentation.

Transaction Processing Systems

What is a Transaction Processing System?

Transaction Processing System are operational-level systems at the bottom of the pyramid. They are usually operated directly by shop floor workers or front line staff, which provide the key data required to support the management of operations. This data is usually obtained through the automated or semi-automated tracking of low-level activities and basic transactions.

Functions of a TPS

TPS are ultimately little more than simple data processing systems.

Functions of a TPS in terms of data processing requirements

Inputs Processing Outputs

TransactionsEvents

ValidationSortingListingMergingUpdatingCalculation

ListsDetail reportsAction reportsSummary reports?

EXPLANATIONS:

Which is involve the transaction matters in this system. With the data processing using by validation, sorting, listing, merging, updating and calculation. Including the business management of this system where you will be going to have a transaction in one person or in a big company.

Examples of TPSo Payroll systemso Order processing systems

o Reservation systems

o Stock control systems

o Systems for payments and funds transfers

The role of TPSo Produce information for other systemso Cross boundaries (internal and external)

o Used by operational personnel + supervisory levels

o Efficiency oriented

EXPLANATION:

Payroll systems is a part of transactions where are the list of the employees and their salaries. Order processing systems is a part also of TPS which is the way of processing by the orders of the costumers. Reservations system is like a hotel which is transaction is involves that you will reserve a one room or particular are that you want to reserve. The examples list above is a part of transaction processing system.

Management Information Systems

What is a Management Information System?

For historical reasons, many of the different types of Information Systems found in commercial organizations are referred to as "Management Information Systems". However, within our pyramid model, Management Information Systems are management-level systems that are used by middle managers to help ensure the smooth running of the organization in the short to medium term. The highly structured information provided by these systems allows managers to evaluate an organization's performance by comparing current with previous outputs.

Functions of a MIS

MIS are built on the data provided by the TPS

Functions of a MIS in terms of data processing requirements

Inputs Processing Outputs

Internal TransactionsInternal FilesStructured data

SortingMergingSummarizing

Summary reportsAction reportsDetailed reports

EXPLANATIONS:

MIS is a broad application in Information system. Its process by sorting, merging and summarizing the data of MIS. It also involves the transaction regarding in the System that you will use. It’s also manage by the business transaction. Accounting is the most important in this part of management information system where you can input the internal transactions and interfiles that you needed and the last is the structured data.

Examples of MISo Sales management systemso Inventory control systems

o Budgeting systems

o Management Reporting Systems (MRS)

o Personnel (HRM) systems

The role of MISo Based on internal information flowso Support relatively structured decisions

o Inflexible and have little analytical capacity

o Used by lower and middle managerial levels

o Deals with the past and present rather than the future

o Efficiency oriented?

E XPLANATION :

Sales management systems is the business of selling goods or services also a part of MIS. Inventory control systems is an agreement (or contract) in which property is transferred from

the seller (vendor) to the buyer (vendee) for a fixed price in money (paid or agreed to be paid by the buyer) that control the whole systems.

Decision Support Systems

What is a Decision Support System?

A Decision Support System can be seen as a knowledge based system, used by senior managers, which facilitates the creation of knowledge and allow its integration into the organization. These systems are often used to analyze existing structured information and allow managers to project the potential effects of their decisions into the future. Such systems are usually interactive and are used to solve ill structured problems. They offer access to databases, analytical tools, allow "what if" simulations, and may support the exchange of information within the organization.

Functions of a DSS

DSS manipulate and build upon the information from a MIS and/or TPS to generate insights and new information.

Functions of a DSS in terms of data processing requirements

Inputs Processing Outputs

Internal TransactionsInternal FilesExternal Information?

ModellingSimulationAnalysisSummarizing

Summary reportsForecastsGraphs / Plots

EXPLANATIONS:

Decision Support System is program that analyzes business data and they present to the users to help them choose and makes their work more easily. It includes the graphically presentation that seems like AI(artificial intelligence) that they work as a group. It works as a team building and they collect a data in the past experience in a context that is describe that to be able to present it in the users.

Examples of DSSo Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS)o Computer Supported Co-operative work (CSCW)

o Logistics systems

o Financial Planning systems

o Spreadsheet Models?

DSS EXAMPLES

DSS For Education Decisions School Match (elementary/secondary school search, school match) Official MBA Guide (screen and rank MBA programs)

DSS for Financial Decisions Financenter (customizable calculators) Prudential Securities ( advice, strategies, calculators)

BANKRATE :  http://www.bankrate.com/brm/default.asp

DSS for Health Decisions Almond Board (personalized fitness & nutrition advice) AFAA (health evaluation, tips, news, answers)

Health Grades (alternatives, evaluators, tips)

DSS for Information Technology Decisions Avantsoft (ROI calculation for technology investment) Developer.com (advice, tips, tutorials, news, online library)

DSS for Insurance Decisions Insure.com (alternatives, ratings, guidance) Quotesmith (insurance quotes)

MarketTrak (neural net and genetic algorithm forecasts, performance, comparison)

NEOS (online demo of portfolio optimizer)

DSS for Natural Resource Decisions Ag Canada (online DSS for manure management) IMP (online DSS for pest management)

DSS for Purchasing Decisions CompareNet (comparisons) mySimon (shopping agent)

Consumers Digest (product reviews, shopping tips)

CARPOINT

DSS for Real Estate Decisions CyberHomes (search for home alternatives) Countrywide (financing calculators, mortgage alternatives)

GetSmart (mortgage finder)

 

The role of DSSo Support ill- structured or semi-structured decisionso Have analytical and/or modeling capacity

o Used by more senior managerial levels

o Are concerned with predicting the future

o Are effectiveness oriented?

Executive Information Systems

What is an EIS?

Executive Information Systems are strategic-level information systems that are found at the top of the Pyramid. They help executives and senior managers analyze the environment in which the organization operates, to identify long-term trends, and to plan appropriate courses of action. The information in such systems is often weakly structured and comes from both internal and external sources. Executive Information System are designed to be operated directly by executives without the need for intermediaries and easily tailored to the preferences of the individual using them.

Functions of an EIS

EIS organizes and presents data and information from both external data sources and internal MIS or TPS in order to support and extend the inherent capabilities of senior executives.

Functions of a EIS in terms of data processing requirements

Inputs Processing Outputs

External DataInternal FilesPre-defined models

SummarizingSimulation"Drilling Down"

Summary reportsForecastsGraphs / Plots

EXPLANATIONS:

The idea behind an EIS is that information can be collated and displayed to the user without manipulation or further processing. The user can then quickly see the status of his chosen department or function, enabling them to concentrate on decision making. Generally an EIS is configured to display data such as order backlogs, open sales, purchase order backlogs, shipments, receipts and pending orders. This information can then be used to make executive decisions at a strategic level.

Examples of EIS

Executive Information Systems tend to be highly individualized and are often custom made for a particular client group; however, a number of off-the-shelf EIS packages do exist and many enterprise level systems offer a customizable EIS module.

The role of EISo Are concerned with ease of useo Are concerned with predicting the future

o Are effectiveness oriented

o Are highly flexible

o Support unstructured decisions

o Use internal and external data sources

o Used only at the most senior management levels

History of Rocky Mountain Outfitters

Rocky Mountain Outfitters began in 1997 as a part time business to get through school. We decided to keep the name from my fathers business that began back in the 1980's and we continued with the same goal that he had in mind providing quality experiences to his customers. We began by offering overnight pack trips while being employed by Sundance Resort as horse guides and ski patrolmen.  After a couple years, the opportunity to lease the stables became available, and that is when our lives changed.  We saw the joy and excitement in people's eyes as they saw Stewart Falls from horseback, landed their first fish with a fly rod, or saw the incredible Wasatch Mountain Range blanketed in snow from high on Strawberry Ridge.  These memories fill our hearts and give us satisfaction,  they have become part of who we are.  It gave us the desire to find a way to share these experiences with everyone and make a business work by doing so.  When starting school, if one would of asked what our career would be it definately would not be what we are doing.  It is amazing, our office has literally become the outdoors- teaching someone how to make a cast to a rising trout in the middle of the Provo River, riding on horseback through an amazing mountain range, or blasting through powder meadows full of snow on a snowmobile. We are truly blessed to be able to share these experiences with such great people.  It sparks a fire in us each time someone tells us what an incredible office (the outdoors) we work and live in.  Our goal is simple:to provide a quality outdoor experience.  Our commitment is even greater to you, our customer.  We value your business and look forward to the opportunity of sharing a piece of our lives with you in this incredible country.  We promise our best efforts at providing you a quality outdoor experience, one that will make lifelong memories.

Happy Trails, Tight Lines, and Deep Powder

Joe Loveridge and Brian Gardner

Meet the Guides

Here is your chance to meet some of our quality staff, the ones who make your experience what it is.  Without these incredible people Rocky Mountain Outfitters would not be able to provide the quality of service it does today.  They commit countless hours learning the secrets of the river, working with horses, and being trained to provide safety and quality to the incredible activities that we are able to offer.  

Fly Fishing Guides

The guides at RMO:  professional, enthusiastic, and passionate about a skill they love is what makes our guides the best in the West.  These guides spend countless hours on the river to provide a quality outdoor fly fishing experience for you.  They are committed to learning, understanding and adapting to the waters they fish.  Get to know them, each of them make our team at RMO a better operation. 

Orvis's Standard of Excellence:

Over two decades ago, Orvis set out to make planning a world-class fly fishing experience easier for our customers. We sought out the best fly fishing operations in the most exceptional fishing areas of North America. The result was the Orvis-Endorsed Lodge, Outfitter, Expedition, Guide Service and Guide Program. Each endorsed fly fishing operation has its own character, but all share the same high standards: great service, great fishing and an experienced, professional staff. These standards of excellence are continually reviewed by the Orvis staff and evaluated by visiting guests in post-visit critiques sent directly to Orvis. Orvis-Endorsed operations cater to every ability from beginner to expert. 

Horse Guides

Our wranglers are trained and skilled in the ability to work with people and horses.  It takes a special breed to be able to put the personalities of people and horses together and still be able to relax and smile.  These wranglers love what they do.  They love horses, the outdoors, and especially sharing their stories with you on horseback.

Snowmobile Guides

Here are the ones who's lives are always in full throttle.  We haven't figured out if this is actually a job or if we just get to go play with people in the powder and fresh snow all day.  To be honest, these guides would do anything for their guests on the trail.  Their number one concern is your safety, they take that serious.  Digging people out, snapping photos of smiles, and teaching people the secrets of powder turns come second hand.  Come hang out with us and

we'll let you decide whether its a job or not.

1. Information systems strategic planning Developing the information systems strategic plan, the plan defining the technology and applications the information systems function needs to provide to support the organization’s strategic plan, also might involve analysts. It includes the applications architecture plan, a description of the integrated information systems needed by the organization to carry out its business functions, and the technology architecture plan, a description of the hardware, software, and communications networks required to implement planned information systems. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) Organizations are increasingly adopting enterprise resource planning (ERP), a process in which an organization commits to using an integrated set of software packages for key information systems. Working on an ERP project requires the analyst to understand the overall organization, and the decision to adopt an ERP solution is a strategic one. Rocky Mountain Outfitters and Its Strategic Systems Plan This text uses a case study to demonstrate important analysis and design techniques. This chapter introduces the company: Rocky Mountain Outfitters (RMO). RMO has a strategic plan that requires a comprehensive information systems strategic plan. This text describes one information systems development project that is included in the plan. Introducing Rocky Mountain Outfitters (RMO) RMO began in 1978 by John and Liz Blankens in Park City, Utah. They started manufacturing and selling winter sports clothing to local ski shops. Then they expanded by offering a more complete line of clothing through a mail order catalog. RMO is now a large regional sports clothing manufacturer and distributor in the Rocky Mountain and western states. Interest in winter and summer sports such as skiing, snow boarding, mountain biking, water skiing, river running, jogging, hiking, camping, mountain climbing, and rappelling led to rapid growth. They employ 600 people and produce almost $100 million annual sales. They now offer phone sales, catalog sales, and retail stores. RMO strategic issues RMO wants to upgrade its web site from an informational site to a complete B2C eCommerce site. The strategy also involves careful supply chain management (SCM - a process that seamlessly integrates product development, acquisition, manufacturing, and

inventory management) and customer relationship management (CRM - processes that support marketing, sales, and service operations involving direct and indirect customer interaction). 1-8

2. RMO also completed strategic information systems planning, including an application architecture plan and a technology architecture plan. The plan focuses on implementing both SCM and CRM to maximize customer satisfaction 1-9

3. RMO’s organizational structure and locations RMO is managed by John Blankens (President and CEO) and Liz Blankens (VP Merchandising). Two other VPs are VP Marketing and Sales and VP Finance and Systems. Under VP Finance and Systems are Assistant VP Accounting and Finance and Assistant VP Information systems. The information system is organized into system development and system support departments. Manufacturing, distribution, and other facilities are located in Oregon, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico. Corporate offices are still in Park City, Utah. The Information System Department is headed by Mac Preston and includes about fifty employees. Existing RMO systems Existing systems include: • Merchandising /Distribution • Mail Order • Phone Order • Retail Store Systems • Office Systems • Human Resources • Accounting Finance The information systems strategic plan The current RMO strategic plan was developed with the help of consultants based on the strategic plans of RMO. The information systems strategic plan defines a technology architecture plan and an application architecture plan to support the corporate plan. The technology architecture plan calls for distributing applications across multiple locations and computer systems, conducting more business processes via the Internet including SCM and CRM systems, and moving toward intranet applications for business functions such as HR, accounting, and finance. The application architecture plan includes future use of packages for accounting/finance and human resources, new system development for a customer support system and (CSS) supply chain management (SCM), and a package solution for a strategic information management system (SIMS). The timeline for the systems plan is as follows: • 2002-2003: New development of Supply Chain Management (SCM) • 2003-2004: New development of Customer Support System (CSS) (example in text)

• 2004: Package solution for Strategic Information Management System (SIMS) • 2004: Replace Retail Stores System with new package • 2005: Replace the existing Accounting/Finance system with a intranet package • 2006: Replace Human Resource System with intranet package 1-10

Existing RMO Systems (cont’d)

RMO informational Website

Hosted by Internet service provider (ISP)

Merchandising/Distribution

12 year old mainframe COBOL/CICS, DB2, VSAM application

Mail order

14 year old mainframe COBOL application

Phone order

Oracle and Visual Basic system built 6 years ago

Retail store systems

8 Year old point-of-sale and batch inventory package, overnight update with mainframe

Office systems

LAN with office software, Internet, email

Human resources

13 year old mainframe-based payroll and benefits

Accounting/Finance

Mainframe package bought from leading vendor