ENT 475 Mechatronic System Design I Chapter 1...
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ENT 475 Mechatronic System Design I Chapter 1 - Introduction to Mechatronics Dr. Shafriza School of Mechatronic Engineering. Ext: 5205, [email protected]
Transcript of ENT 475 Mechatronic System Design I Chapter 1...
ENT 475 Mechatronic System Design I
Chapter 1 - Introduction to Mechatronics
Dr. Shafriza
School of Mechatronic Engineering.
Ext: 5205, [email protected]
Introduction
• What is Mechatronics?
• Key elements
• Examples
What is Mechatronics
– Integration of microprocessor control system,
electrical systems and mechanical system"
(Bolton, Mechatronics)
– The synergistic combination of precision
mechanical engineering, electronic control
and systems thinking in the design of
products and manufacturing processes
(Journal of Mechatronics)
What is Mechatronics
– The interdisciplinary field of engineering
dealing with the design of products whose
function relies on the synergistic integration of
mechanical and electronic components
coordinated by a control architecture
(Alciatore, D.G. and Histand, M.B.)
– the synergistic use of precision engineering,
control theory, computer science, and sensor
and actuator technology to design improved
products and processes (ME Magazine)
What is Mechatronics
• Defination: Synergistic integration of mechanical systems, electrical systems and microprocessor control systems.
What is Mechatronics
• Examples
– Digital camera
– Smart suspension system
– Airbag system etc
• Purpose:
– More efficient and flexible systems
– Intelligent system
What is Mechatronics
• Main Characteristics:
– Combining electronics control system and
mechanical systems
Modeling andSimulation
AutomaticControl
ArtificialIntelligence
MechanicalSystems
ElectricalSystems
Actuators
Sensors
ComputerSystems
D/A
A/D
+
Electromechanical Real-Time InterfacingInformation Systems
What is Mechatronics
Electrical
Systems
Computer
Systems
Information
Systems
Mechanical
Systems
MECHATRONICS
Devdas Setty, et.al., Mechatronics System Design
Key Elements
Key Elements
• Information systems
– Modeling and simulations
• A system can be regarded as a box with input
and output
– Not concerned with what happens inside the box
– Interested only in input-output relationship
Systems
• Mechatronics involves
– Measurement, drive and actuation, control,
microprocessor and analytical system
Systems
• Made up of three elements
– Sensor – responds to the quantity being measured by
giving as its output a signal related to the quantity
– Signal conditioner – manipulates the output of the
sensor into a condition suitable for display or use to
exercise control
– Display – output is displayed
Measurement Systems
• Output is a function of time
• Examples:– A kettle
– Spring system
– Elevator system
• System behavioral analysis– Model to relate output to input and time
Response of a Systems
Key Elements
• Information systems
– Modeling and simulations
– Control
• No feedback information
– System unable to adapt to environment
• Advantage: simple, low cost, reliable
• Example: a switch fan (manual)
Open Loop Systems
• The system has feedback
– The input of the system is adjusted according to the
output value.
• Advantage: accurate but more complex
• Example: air conditioner system
Close Loop Systems
• Comparison element– Error signal = reference value signal – measured value signal
– Negative feedback is required to control a system
Q: What about positive feedback?
Basic Elements of Close Loop
Systems
• Control element – Decides on what action to take when it receives an error signal
– Examples of control plans
» switch on or off an electric switch;
» proportionally open or close a valve; etc.
– Types of control plan
» Hard-wired systems or Programmable systems
Basic Elements of Close Loop
Systems
• Correction element – Produces a change in the process to correct or change the control
condition
» Example an actuator that carry out the control action
– Types of control plan
• Process element– the process that is being controlled …
Basic Elements of Close Loop
Systems
• Measurement element– produces a signal related to the variable condition of the process
that is being controlled.
– Example: switch, thermocouple, etc.
Basic Elements of Close Loop
Systems
Key Elements
• Information systems
– Modeling and simulations
– Control
• Event driven or time driven or both…
Key Elements
• Information systems
– Modeling and simulations
– Control
• Event driven or time driven or both…
• Mechanical systems
– Motion, actuation, fluid, heat, etc…
Key Elements
• Electrical systems
– Power systems – motor, generator
– Electronics – resistor, capacitor, op-amp
• Computer systems
– Hardware and software
– Digital logic - flip-flops, counters, timers
– Micro-p, micro-c & PLC
Example – Speed Control
Example Sequential Controllers
• To control actions that are strictly ordered in a time or
event driven sequence
– Electrical circuit with set of relays
• To control actions that are strictly ordered in a time or
event driven sequence
– Electrical circuit with set of relays
– Cam operated switches
Example Sequential Controllers
Example : Microcontroller (1)
Example : Microcontroller (2)
Example : Microcontroller (3)
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