Enlightenment
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Enlightenment
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Enlightenment. An intellectual movement in the 18 th century that stressed the power of individuals to solve problems. Enlightenment. A social gathering for intellectuals and artists, often hosted by wealthy Parisian women. Salon. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Enlightenment
Enlightenment
An intellectual movement in the 18th century that stressed the power of
individuals to solve problems
Enlightenment
A social gathering for intellectuals and artists, often hosted by wealthy
Parisian women
Salon
The document in which American colonists asserted their right to free themselves
from British rule
Declaration of Independence
He proposed that all people are born free and equal, with three natural
rights: life, liberty, and property. He believed that the natural rights of
humans are best protected in representative governments. He
wrote that the power of government should be limited by the will of the
people.
A French Philosopher (1694-1778) and satirist who fought for tolerance,
reason, and liberty
Voltaire
A French writer who studied political liberty and developed the idea of separation of powers within
government in order to prevent absolute monarchs like Louis XVI from seizing control of an entire
nation of people.
Montesquieu
A French essayist who believed the only good government was a direct democracy. He wrote the
Social Contract
Rousseau
The agreement in which people give their rights to a strong ruler in exchange for law and order
Social Contract
The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, listing the citizens’ rights and freedoms
Bill of Rights
A style of art characterized by grand, ornate design that dominated
European art in the 1600s and 1700s
Baroque
145. Who wrote the Social Contract?
a) Voltaireb) John Lockec) Jean-Jacques
Rousseaud) Montesquieu
______ 146. In the Leviathan, he described his beliefs that absolutism was the best form of government.
a) Baron de Montesquieu
b) Voltairec) Thomas
Hobbesd) John Locke
______ 147. Developed the idea of separation of powers.
a) Baron de Montesquieu
b) Voltairec) Thomas Hobbesd) John Locke
148. Which of the following statements would most likely have been made by Voltaire?
a) “The King needs absolute power.”
b) “People must be free to speak their minds.”
c) “We should do away with the death penalty.”
d) “The government protects people’s natural rights.”
______ 149. His two important ideas were freedom of speech and religion.
a) Baron de Montesquieu
b) Voltairec) Thomas Hobbesd) John Locke
150. The Enlightenment did all of the following EXCEPT:
a) Applied reason to the human world, not just the natural world.
b) Returned all monarchies to divine right.
c) Stimulated religious tolerance.
d) Fueled democratic revolutions around the world.
151. In what way was the Enlightenment similar to the Scientific Revolution?
a) Both focused on government and society.
b) Both highly valued reason and observation.
c) Both denied the existence of God.
d) Both emphasized the rights of the individual.
#154 The buzz of the Enlightenment was most intense in the mansions of several wealthy women in Paris. They held regular social gatherings called __________
a) Salonsb) Roccocosc) Ravesd) Swares
#155 a grand, ornate style
a) Baroqueb) Classicalc) Rococod) impression
ist
160. Which of these was greatly influenced BY the Enlightenment?
a) The Scientific Revolution
b) The Magna Carta
c) The idea of Divine Right
d) The American Revolution
#171 Thomas Jefferson borrowed heavily from this English Enlightenment philosopher when he wrote the Declaration of Independence.
a) Thomas Hobbes
b) John Lockec) Voltaired) Isaac Newton
