Enhancing Semantic Mining

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Enhancing the Relevance of Enhancing the Relevance of Semantic Web Information Semantic Web Information Retrieval Results Using Retrieval Results Using Extension Theory Extension Theory By S.Nirmal Chander, P.Ram Prasa V.Santhosh Kumar

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Transcript of Enhancing Semantic Mining

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Enhancing the Relevance of Enhancing the Relevance of Semantic Web Information Semantic Web Information Retrieval Results Using Retrieval Results Using Extension Extension TheoryTheory

By S.Nirmal Chander, P.Ram Prasath, V.Santhosh Kumar

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IntroductionIntroduction

The "Semantic Web" is a Web that includes documents, or portions of documents, describing explicit relationships between things and containing semantic information intended for automated processing by our machines.

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Present ScenarioPresent Scenario

• Today’s information retrieval system depends Today’s information retrieval system depends on keyword-based search over entire-text data, on keyword-based search over entire-text data, which has a set of words in a model.which has a set of words in a model.

• Ex : Google, Bing etc.Ex : Google, Bing etc.

• Disadvantage: Disadvantage:

The semantic meaning of the The semantic meaning of the original text Is original text Is lost.lost.

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OntologiesOntologies

• Ontologies provide structured vocabularies that Ontologies provide structured vocabularies that formulate the relationships between different formulate the relationships between different terms, allowing intelligent agents (and terms, allowing intelligent agents (and humans) to interpret their meaning flexibly yet humans) to interpret their meaning flexibly yet unambiguously.unambiguously.

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Representation Of Representation Of OntologiesOntologies

• OWL (Web Ontology Language) is a new formal OWL (Web Ontology Language) is a new formal language for representing ontologies in the language for representing ontologies in the Semantic Web.Semantic Web.

• It plays an important role in helping agents to It plays an important role in helping agents to process information in Web mining.process information in Web mining.

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Ontology GenerationOntology Generation

• In Semantic web based on ontology, it In Semantic web based on ontology, it processes the unstructured resources into processes the unstructured resources into structured information and adds it to the structured information and adds it to the knowledgebase.knowledgebase.

• Ontologies are (meta) data schemas, providing Ontologies are (meta) data schemas, providing a controlled lexicons of concepts, each with an a controlled lexicons of concepts, each with an explicitly defined and machine understandable explicitly defined and machine understandable semanticssemantics

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• Automatic knowledge acquisition by machines Automatic knowledge acquisition by machines is in future research.is in future research.

• We assume the process of ontology learning as We assume the process of ontology learning as semi-automatic with human hands, adopting a semi-automatic with human hands, adopting a approach of balanced cooperative approach for approach of balanced cooperative approach for the generation of ontologies for the Semantic the generation of ontologies for the Semantic Web.Web.

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Problem Of Ontology Problem Of Ontology MismatchMismatch

• The ontology mismatch problems include :The ontology mismatch problems include :

1.1. Same terms for different concepts.Same terms for different concepts.

2.2. Different terms for the same concepts.Different terms for the same concepts.

3.3. Semantically similar attributes which have Semantically similar attributes which have different meanings in their domains.different meanings in their domains.

4.4. Attributes which have different generalization Attributes which have different generalization and aggregation level.and aggregation level.

5.5. Same attributes, but different data quality Same attributes, but different data quality requirements, e.g. accuracy.requirements, e.g. accuracy.

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• Conceptualization mismatches occur as a Conceptualization mismatches occur as a result of semantic differences that may be due result of semantic differences that may be due to the difference in the conceptualization of the to the difference in the conceptualization of the domain.domain.

• If we ignore and does not repair these If we ignore and does not repair these mismatches then we might lose the properties mismatches then we might lose the properties that provide a powerful method for enhanced that provide a powerful method for enhanced reasoning about concepts in ontologies.reasoning about concepts in ontologies.

Problem Of Ontology Problem Of Ontology MismatchMismatch

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Related WorksRelated Works

• Ontology treeOntology tree

• Domain-ontology based semantic integration , such Domain-ontology based semantic integration , such as Gene Ontology and Unified Medical Language as Gene Ontology and Unified Medical Language System.System.

• Domain independent includes InfoSleut, OBSERVE .Domain independent includes InfoSleut, OBSERVE .

• Disadvantage:Disadvantage:

Efficiency and comprehensive issuesEfficiency and comprehensive issues

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Extension TheoryExtension Theory

• It is used to eliminate different kinds of It is used to eliminate different kinds of ontology mismatches in semantic web mining.ontology mismatches in semantic web mining.

• The extension methods are the important part The extension methods are the important part of Extenics, which is a new discipline studying of Extenics, which is a new discipline studying objects’ extensibility and the laws and methods objects’ extensibility and the laws and methods of extension to solve contradiction problemsof extension to solve contradiction problems

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• We suggest the process of semantic conflict We suggest the process of semantic conflict elimination be as follows: elimination be as follows:

(i) Analyze what kind of conflict occurs.(i) Analyze what kind of conflict occurs.

(ii) (if necessary) Represent objects for (ii) (if necessary) Represent objects for different concepts by basic elements.different concepts by basic elements.

(iii) Choose suitable extension methods to (iii) Choose suitable extension methods to eliminate the conflict.eliminate the conflict.

Extension TheoryExtension Theory

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• Extension method acts as a “bridge” between Extension method acts as a “bridge” between extension theory (Extenics) and its actual extension theory (Extenics) and its actual application. application.

• Extenics is a new discipline that studies rules Extenics is a new discipline that studies rules and methods of solving contradiction problems and methods of solving contradiction problems by employing formalized tools, i.e. qualitative by employing formalized tools, i.e. qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. analysis and quantitative analysis.

Extension MethodsExtension Methods

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• The basic-element theory includes: The basic-element theory includes:

– Matter-element Matter-element – Affair-element Affair-element – Relation-element.Relation-element.

• Basic-element concept is the cornerstone of Basic-element concept is the cornerstone of Extenics.Extenics.

Extension MethodsExtension Methods

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Universe of DiscourseUniverse of Discourse

• To Eliminate the conflicts, a Universe of To Eliminate the conflicts, a Universe of Discourse can be generated.Discourse can be generated.

• The Universe of Discourse is used in predicate The Universe of Discourse is used in predicate logic to indicate the relevant set of Entitieslogic to indicate the relevant set of Entities

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ExampleExample

• Example 1: Example 1: • When an agent visits some Web pages, it finds When an agent visits some Web pages, it finds

out that in one page a sentence saysout that in one page a sentence says• “ “I use my Computer to browse Web pages” I use my Computer to browse Web pages”

while in another page a sentence says while in another page a sentence says • ““I use my desktop machine to browse Web I use my desktop machine to browse Web

pages”. pages”. • The agent could report a conflict.The agent could report a conflict.

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Future WorkFuture Work

• After the elimination of conflicts using After the elimination of conflicts using extension theory, the information from the extension theory, the information from the knowledgebase can be used in a Query Routing knowledgebase can be used in a Query Routing System.System.

• By doing so, the system can be used in E-By doing so, the system can be used in E-Governance for automated complaint(Query) Governance for automated complaint(Query) reporting. reporting.

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ReferencesReferences

[1] Kara, Soner, “An Ontology-Based Retrieval System Using Semantic Indexing” A [1] Kara, Soner, “An Ontology-Based Retrieval System Using Semantic Indexing” A Thesis Submitted To The Graduate School Of Natural And Applied Sciences Of Thesis Submitted To The Graduate School Of Natural And Applied Sciences Of Middle East Technical University, July 2010Middle East Technical University, July 2010

[2] Jianguo Jiang, Zhongxu Wang, Chunyan Liu, Zhiwen Tan, Xiaoze Chen, Min Li, [2] Jianguo Jiang, Zhongxu Wang, Chunyan Liu, Zhiwen Tan, Xiaoze Chen, Min Li, “The Technology Of Intelligent Information Retrieval Based On The Semantic “The Technology Of Intelligent Information Retrieval Based On The Semantic Web” , 2nd International Conference On Signal Processing Systems(Icsps), 2010.Web” , 2nd International Conference On Signal Processing Systems(Icsps), 2010.

[3] Wang Yong-Gui, Jia Zhen, “Research On Semantic Web Mining”International [3] Wang Yong-Gui, Jia Zhen, “Research On Semantic Web Mining”International Conference On Computer Design And Appliations (Iccda),2010.Conference On Computer Design And Appliations (Iccda),2010.

[4] Jing Wen, Shidong Zhang, Zhongmin Yan, “Slco And Dlco: Two[4] Jing Wen, Shidong Zhang, Zhongmin Yan, “Slco And Dlco: Two

Ontologies For Detecting And Resolving Schema And Data-LevelOntologies For Detecting And Resolving Schema And Data-Level

Semantic Conflicts”, International Conference On Information And Automation, Semantic Conflicts”, International Conference On Information And Automation, June 2009.June 2009.

[5] Jessica Seddon Wallack Ramesh Srinivasan, “Local-Global: Reconciling [5] Jessica Seddon Wallack Ramesh Srinivasan, “Local-Global: Reconciling Mismatched Ontologies In Development Information Systems”,Proceedings Of Mismatched Ontologies In Development Information Systems”,Proceedings Of The 42nd Hawaii International Conference On SystemSciences, 2009The 42nd Hawaii International Conference On SystemSciences, 2009..

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• [6] K. G Wu, H. B Wang, Z. Z Zhu, “A Computation Method Of[6] K. G Wu, H. B Wang, Z. Z Zhu, “A Computation Method Of• Conceptual Similarity In Ontology Based On Semantic Web”,Conceptual Similarity In Ontology Based On Semantic Web”,• Computer Science, Vol. 35, No. 5, Pp. 123–125, 2008.Computer Science, Vol. 35, No. 5, Pp. 123–125, 2008.• [7] Sudha Ram, Jinsoo Park, “Semantic Conflict Resolution[7] Sudha Ram, Jinsoo Park, “Semantic Conflict Resolution• Ontology(Scrol): An Ontology For Detecting And Resolving Data AndOntology(Scrol): An Ontology For Detecting And Resolving Data And• Schema- Level Semantic Conflicts”, Ieee Transactions On KnowledgeSchema- Level Semantic Conflicts”, Ieee Transactions On Knowledge• And Data Engineering, Vol. 16, No. 2, February 2004.And Data Engineering, Vol. 16, No. 2, February 2004.• [8] Cai Wen, Yang Chunyan, Hebin, “Principium Of Extension[8] Cai Wen, Yang Chunyan, Hebin, “Principium Of Extension• Logic”,Beijing: Science Press, Ch. 3, 2003.Logic”,Beijing: Science Press, Ch. 3, 2003.• [9] A. Gomez-Perez, M.Fernandez-Lopez, A.Gsmez-Pirez, O. Corcho-[9] A. Gomez-Perez, M.Fernandez-Lopez, A.Gsmez-Pirez, O. Corcho-• Garcia, “Ontological Engineering: With Examples From The Areas OfGarcia, “Ontological Engineering: With Examples From The Areas Of• Knowledge Management, E-Commerce And The. Semantic Web”,Knowledge Management, E-Commerce And The. Semantic Web”,• Springer Isbn:1- 85253-55j-3Springer Isbn:1- 85253-55j-3• [10] Cai Wen, “ Extension Theory And Its Application* Survey”,[10] Cai Wen, “ Extension Theory And Its Application* Survey”,• Research Institute Of Extention EngineeringResearch Institute Of Extention Engineering

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Thank You!