Enhancing K-12 Education with Alice Programming Adventures
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Enhancing K-12 Education with Alice Programming Adventures
Susan RodgerDuke University
ITiCSE 2010Ankara, TurkeyJune 30, 2010
www.cs.duke.edu/csed/alice
Supported by the National Science Foundation Collaborative Grant ESI-0624642, NSF Supplement DRL-0826661, a CRA distributed mentor award, and an IBM Faculty Award from International Business Machines.
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Co-authors
Maggie Lana Jenna Bashford Dyck Hayes
Liz Deborah Henry Liang Nelson Qin
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Outline
• Introduction and Motivation for Adventures in Alice Programming
• Previous Work • Materials for Integrating Alice into K-12– Computer Science concepts– Animation and Special Effects– Tutorials, template worlds and classes– Discipline Specific
• Conclusion and Future Work
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There are few women in computer science
• Many reports indicate the low number of women in computer science – 56% of Advanced Placement (AP) test takers are female– Yet only 15% of Computer Science AP test takers are
female
– There are low numbers of women at all levels of the pipeline in computer science from high school through college to graduate school to professors.
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Many students don’t know what Computer Science is when they come
to college!
• Not taught in middle schools and many high schools
• What they think it is:– “keyboarding, spread sheets, word processing….”
• VERY EXCITING ……… NOT!
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How do we Introduce and Teach Science?
• Physics – experiments
• Chemistry - experiments
• Biology - experiments
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• Write a calculator• Write a banking program• Etc…
If taught, how do we introduce CS?
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Why Can’t the Introduction of Computer Science be exciting?
• Programming – it’s always been– Hands-on– Interactive– Frustrating!
• What’s missing?– Not Getting Exciting Results • Easily, right away
– Too textual-based, including errors– Not appealing to today’s kids in which media
and technology are a part of their life!
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Bring on Alice Virtual Worlds!
• Alice is– Hands-on!– Interactive!– Visual!– Less Error prone– Exciting Results right away!
• Alice has the potential to excite kids about computer science in the same way that experiments excite kids about chemistry, physics and biology!
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Alice Programming Language
• Create interactive stories or games• Learn programming in an easy way, drag-and-
drop your code• Problem solving with visual feedback– Logical thinking
• Along the way, learn computer science concepts:– Loops, classes, methods, functions, arrays
• Developed by Randy Pausch and the Alice Team, CMU
• Alice is FREE: www.alice.org
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CompSci 4 – Alice Class at Duke• Full semester
course on Alice for non-majors
• Lecture for 10-20 minutes
• Students work on problem with computers in pairs
• Bring students back together
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Success - Alice attracts diverse group• At Duke – CompSci 4 Spring 2005
• 22 preregister, 30 enroll (12 female + 3 African Amer.)– CompSci 4 Fall 2005
• 20 preregister, 31 enroll (17 female – 1 African Amer.)– CompSci 4 Fall 2006 – 2 sections
• 64 students, 33 female, 7 African Amer.– CompSci 4 Fall 2007 – 2 sections
• 84 students - > 50% female– CompSci 4 Fall 2008 – 2 sections
• 100 students - > 50% female– Same for Spring 2009, Fall 2009…– Advertised in school paper
• picture of ice skater• Web site of animations
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Success - Alice Excites 4th-6th Grade Girls
• Duke Femmes Event, April 07
• 60 girls – 4 groups of 15
• Taught them Alice for an hour
• Handout to take home
• Event again in 2008 ,2009, 2010
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• Integrate Alice into high school and middle schools by training teachers
• Six sites in U.S.:
• Durham site focuses on Middle Schools in NC www.cs.duke.edu/csed/alice/aliceInSchools
Adventures in Alice Programming
Durham, NC Charleston, SC Virginia Beach, VADenver, CO Oxford, MS San Jose, CA
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Duke: Adventures in Alice site• Summer 2008 and 2009– 1-week and 3-week Teacher
workshops• Over 130 teachers, mostly middle
school, some high school• Only a few had ever programmed
before• Taught them Alice, Developed
Lesson Plans– 1-week middle school camps• Taught Alice• Lots of time to build their own
Alice worlds
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Targetting all subject teachers• Subject teachers using Alice– Language Arts– Mathematics– Science– History– Foreign Language– Music, Art– Media, Technology– Business
• Mostly Middle school, some Elementary, and some high school subject teachers (physics, chemistry, etc)
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How to Use Alice in Middle/High Schools
• Teachers– Examples in lecture– Make interactive quizzes– Make worlds on concepts for students to view
• Students– Projects (in place of a poster, a model) – To take or build quizzes– To view and answer questions about a world– Older students can do more with Alice.
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Free Materials - Introductory Tutorials
1. Simple, Short (15 min) tutorials to try Alice– Add an object, use built-in methods
2. One hour starting tutorials– Writing methods, simple events, camera
3. Longer starting tutorials if more time/more detail (4 one-hour parts)– More detailed on placement of objects,
writing methods, events, camera control– Animating a skateboarder– Adding sound and images
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Example: 4-Part Starting Tutorial
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Many short tutorials on CS Topics• CS Topics
– Programming – sequential and “at the same time”– Methods (teaching characters how to walk)– Events (buttons and birds)– Looping– Conditionals (making a choice)– Functions (how tall are you)– Lists (objects moving in unison)– Variables (timers/scores)
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Functions Tutorialusing functions
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Other “Fun” Topics Blended in
• Storyboards• Changing camera views• Scene changes and lighting• Fading in/out• Making Billboards• Making objects invisible
and visible• Sounds• Glueing objects to others
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Scene Change Classincludes all ground covers
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Scene Change Class (2) -Tutorial Uses variables to save sky color
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Scene Change Class (3)
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How can Alice be used in K-12?
• Worlds created from scratch – discipline specific
• Quiz worlds• Projects
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Example: Language Arts: Kitty Story
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Example: Science – Volcano Story
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Math Example
• Danica McKellar
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Math ExampleImproper Fractions Story
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Math Example Rounding Numbers
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Quiz Worlds
• Tutorial to create a simple world
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Quiz Worlds (2)
• Respond to questions
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Have Created Several Quiz Templates
• Template World – Click on an object that matches the sign
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English as Second Language ExampleBuilt a template world
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English as Second Language (2)You put the pictures in order
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English as Second Language (3)check to see if correct
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English as Second Language (4)Annotate each picture
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English as Second Language (5)then the story plays
For another story, change list of pictures.
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Other Quiz Templates
• Template World – Click on an object that is the answer
• Template Class – Quiz with “ask user” functions built in
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Alice used as ProjectsProject: Historical Tour
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Project: Book Report
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Project: Pong Game
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Project: Adventure Game
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Future Work
• Running one-week and followup workshops this summer
• Continuing to work with teachers• Creating project worlds • One student focusing on math and spanish• One student focusing on science – biology and
chemistry
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www.cs.duke.edu/csed/alice/aliceInSchools
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Questions?www.cs.duke.edu/alice/aliceInSchools