ALL INDIA COORDINATED RESEARCH PROJECT ON WATER MANAGEMENT

Agricultural Research Station, Kota (Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur)(Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur)

KOTA - 324 001 ( RAJASTHAN ), INDIA

S3ENHANCING CROP PRODUCTIVITY AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY IN CHAMBAL

COMMAND AREA OF RAJASTHAN

PRATAP SINGH, R.S.NAROLIA, I.N. MATHUR, N.N.SHARMA,S.S.TOMAR & P.K.GUPTA

Particulars RMC LMCCultivable command area (CCA), lac ha

1.27 1.02

Discharge at head gate, Cumec

190 42.7

Length of main and branch canal, kmMain 124 2.74Lined 10 2Branch 1376 1248No. of distributaries 12 2

Chambal Command Area

Total 4.85 lakh ha.

Availability, requirement and deficit of water at field level, Manasgaon distributary

Year Crop season

Available water

(ha cm)

Rain(ha cm)

Requirement (ha cm)

Deficit / Surplus in

water supply (ha cm)

2007-08 Rabi 31438 4405 50557 - 14715

Kharif 19711 44919 65545 - 915

2008-09 Rabi 38847 2642 48509 - 7020

Kharif 4027 49543 52492 - 1079

2009-10 Rabi 22971 - 29250 -6279

Kharif 0 38640 41204 -2564

2010-11 Rabi 25835 - 32966 -7131

Kharif 4117 47680 46362 5435

Drip irrigation, 75 per cent of PE (every third day) and application of 100 per cent recommended Nitrogen (150 kg/ha) though fertigation, produced higher tuber yield (282q/ha) and saved 37 per cent irrigation water

Technology back up to enhance WP & WUE

WATER PRODUCTION FUNCTION WHEAT

y = -0.1081x2 + 65.394x - 5025.1R2 = 0.9086

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400

WATER USED (mm)

YIEL

D (k

g/ha

)

HI 8498 under irrigation at 40 % depletion of ASM

New schedules for irrigation of wheat cropIRRIGATION First Second Third Fourth

EXISTING 20-25 50-60 75-80 95-100

PROPOSED 25-30 55-65 75-80 90-100

Under Furrow Irrigated Raised Bed system, wheat grown on raised bed (3 rows per bed) and Lucern in furrows, irrigated at IW/CPE =1.2 produced higher equivalent yield of wheat

Under drip and micro sprinkler in Garlic crop, irrigation scheduled every third day at 100 % PE + 75 % recommended dose of nitrogen through fertigation in eight equal intervals produced maximum garlic yield

Mini sprinkler irrigation in wheat crop at IW/CPE = 1.0 with 25 percent of recommended dose (120 kg/ha) of Nitrogen as basal and remaining 75 percent in equal splits with irrigation as fertigation produced maximum grain yield (56.9

q/ha).

Effect of irrigation schedule and land configuration on productivity of soybean (2010-11)

Treatment

Seed yield (q/ha)

Pooled

WEE (kg/ha-cm) B:C ratio

EWUIndex

(Rs/ha/cm)A. Irrigation schedule    One irrigation at flowering 17.40 35.60 2.70 95.8Two irrigation at flowering & pod development

22.17 40.513.02 122.2

Rainfed 15.18 32.74 2.76 83.9 CD at 5% 1.27       B. Land configurations Broad bed furrow 3 rows 20.76 41.73 3.38 114.6Broad bed furrow 4 rows 19.30 38.70 3.01 106.0Dead furrow after two rows 18.09 36.26 2.97 99.7Dead furrow after three rows 16.89 33.82 2.81 93.0Flat bed sowing 16.20 32.37 2.38 89.2 CD at 5% 0.96

Major Challenges and Problems to Improve WUE In Chambal Command Area

• Repair and maintenance of canal network, desilting of minor and water courses.

• Availability of irrigation water for head farmers and non availability to tail enders.

• Lack of Warabandi system in the chambal command• Less adoption of new irrigation technologies due to

enough availability of canal water • Few administrative powers to water user associations.• Poor rainwater harvesting systems• Limited technology regarding flow, frequency &

fertigation etc. under modern pressurized irrigation systems