Enhance student motivation

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Enhancing Students

Motivation to LearnChapter 6


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Key Issues in Students

Motivation to Learn Motivation = expectation x value x climate

Expect they can accomplish task

Find value in the task

Complete the task in a supportive environment

Eccles & Wigfield believe that motivation relates

to value

Intrinsic value-simple interest

Attainment value-achievement, notoriety or influence

Utility value-benefits to ones career or personal goal


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Culturally Responsive Teaching

Wlodkowskis and Ginsberg theory based onintrinsic motivation. Creating a common culturethat all students can accept: Establishing inclusion-teachers and students are

respected

Developing attitude-favorable disposition throughpersonal relevance.

Enhancing meaning-creating challenging experiences

which involve the students perspectives and values Engendering competence-students are effective in

learning something they value


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Students 14 Academic Needs

1. Understand and value the learning goals2. Understand the learning process3. Actively involved in the learning process4. Take their own interests and set learning goals.

5. EXPERIENCE SUCCESS6. Receive realistic and immediate feedback7. Receive appropriate rewards for performance gains8. See learning modeled (exciting and rewarding)9. Experience a safe, organized environment

10. Have time to integrate learning11. Have positive contact with peers12. Receive instruction matched to learning styles13. Be involved in self-evaluation14. Have instruction sensitive to needs of second language


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Learning Goals

Academic Need #1

Objectives

ReasonsActivity (ies)

Assessment

Only 5% explicitly describe the purpose ofthe assignment in terms of the content

being taught.


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Learning processAcademic Need #2

What is a functional definition of learning?

Looks Like

Eyes focused on speaker

Concentrates on work

Organized

CooperatesFollows rules & procedures

Sets goals

Stays calm when faced withproblem

Uses time wiselyLearns from mistakes

Shares materials

Doesnt give up

Sounds like

Gives encouragement

Uses appropriate

voice level Asks questions

Shares ideas

Comments on on-task

Is courteous to others

Uses problem solving


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Understand the Basic concepts

of Motivation Teach the students about learning and

motivation

Teach motivation = expectation x value x

climate

Teach Gardners concept of multiple

intelligences/talents-let them excel at

something

Learn about your learning styles


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Understanding the taxonomy of

learning Factual Level

Concept Level

Generalization Level

Personal Application Level


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Studying effectively

Cognitive interventions

Underlining

Highlighting

Using mnemonic strategies Outlining

Summarizing (SQ3R)

Affective interventions

Attribution

Attitudes


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Demystifying the Learning Process Clearly define learning

Celebrate success

Express goals and objectives

Relate learning to life

Teach students a taxonomy oflearning

Teach concepts of motivation

Explain you choice ofinstructional method

Have students establishlearning goals

Have experts assess studentperformance

Teach about learning styles

Teach about differences andworking with differences

Teach to special abilities

Use peer tutoring Teach key instructional

used by staff

Involve students in

teaching Have student provide

feedback

Explain your philosophy

of assessment tostudents

Clarify when assessment

will occur


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Active Involvement in the

learning processAcademic need #3

Teachers need to

analyze their use of

passive and active

learning. Many

children of color

respond favorably to

active teaching styles

Black and Hispanic youth

respond favorably to:

Think-pair share

activities Lively group

discussions

Cooperative learning

Group projects

Sharing personal

stories


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Make goals relate to Student InterestAcademic Need #4

Early in the school year,have students build a listof things they would likeot learn

Have students listquestions about the topicto be covered

Teach students how toorder support material on

topics of interest

Teach students how toinvite guest speakers

Allow students to choose

topics they will study

Create opportunities for

structured sharing

Develop special interest

days

Do not assign topics..let

them choose

Use learning logs

Use a KWL approach Allow students to develop

their own spelling words


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Thematic Instruction

Highly effective for students with limited EnglishProficiency.

Place-based education is a form of thematic

instruction that suggests five types of subjects: Cultural studies

Nature studies

Real-world problem-solving

Internships

Induction into community


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Student Goal Setting

Contracts should include:

What material the student plans to learn

What activities the student will engage in to

develop these skills

The degree of proficiency the student will

reach

How the student will demonstrate thatlearning has occurred


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Experience SuccessAcademic Need #5

Following success

students raise

expectations and

goals

Following failure

students lower their

aspirations and

expectations


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Feedback Enhances Self-EfficacyAcademic Need #6

Students who receive frequent feedback

Found the task more interesting

Worked on the task because they were

interested

Attributed their success on their interest

and effort


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Reward for Performance

Rewards for performance should only be

used when other attempts such as altering

the approach to presenting the material,

individual goals, and other motivationaland instructional strategies have failed.


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ModelingAcademic Need #8

When students observe you in a

classroom, are they seeing someone who

appears sincerely and enthusiastically

interested in what they are doing andteacher?


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Academic Needs 9-11

Research shows that students need a safe

and secure classroom, time to integrate

learning, and engage in positive contact

with their peers.


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Receiving Appropriate InstructionAcademic Need #12

Apply learning style research Adjusting environmental factors

Use visual displays

Allow students to sit where they want

Permit choice of where to study Be sensitive to sound and visual distractions

Make healthy snacks available

Allow multiple or solo grouping

Provide structure for short and long term goals

Provide instruction in study skills

Employ goal setting, monitoring, and contracts

Adjust schedules to accommodate students strengths

Increase wait time

Develop centers that incorporate multiple modalities


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Learning styles

Incorporate a variety of Instructional

techniques

4 MAT

Innovative Learner

Analytic Learner

Common-Sense Learner

Dynamic Learner


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Gardners Multiple Intelligences

Logical/mathematical

Visual/spatial

Bodily/kinesthetic

Musical/rhythmic

Naturalist

Interpersonal

Intrapersonal

Verbal/linguistic


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Self-EvaluatingAcademic Need #13

Use data displays

Have students set learning goals and

monitor their own learning

Data provide concrete reinforcement of

learning


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Sensitivity to Second LanguagesAcademic Need #14

Joint productive activities

Language development

Contextualization Challenging activities

Instructional conversation

Diverse entry points

Enhance student motivation

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