English.21 may 2012

Alfin_Belly_Wijaya 1

THE EXPRESSION OF QUANTITY

ALFIN NURFITRIYANI 35111100002BELLY PROFILYANTI 3511100030

WIJAYA JUSTIAN 3511100016


AFFIRMATIVE FORM

THERE IS + SINGULAR NOUN There is a boy

THERE ARE + PLURAL NOUN There are three boys

There is +

a / an + countable noun

some + uncountable noun

There is a car

There is some water


There is a pencil

There is some milk


EXAMPLES OF UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

• Materials: wood, iron, glass, paper ...

• Fluids: water, petrol, milk, coffee ...

• Food: butter, bread, cake, sugar, rice ...

• Abstractions: time, beauty, hope, faith ....


• There are + some + plural noun

There are some books

Also,

• There are + cardinal number + plural noun

There are four books

• There are + many + plural noun

There are many books


NEGATIVE FORM

THERE IS NOT

THERE ISN’T+ SINGULAR NOUN

THERE ARE NOT

THERE AREN’T

+ PLURAL NOUN

There isn’t a boy

There aren’t two boys

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There isn’t +

a / an + countable singular nounany + uncountable noun

much + uncountable noun

There isn’t a pencil

There isn’t any milk

There isn’t much money

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• There aren’t + any + plural noun

There aren’t any books

Also,

• There aren’t + cardinal number + plural noun

There aren’t four books

• There aren’t + many + plural noun

There aren’t many books

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INTERROGATIVE FORM

IS THERE + SINGULAR NOUN ... + ?

Is there a girl?

ARE THERE + PLURAL NOUN ... + ?

Are there two boys?Short answers

Yes, there is Yes, there are

No, there isn’t No, there aren’t

Yes, there is

No, there aren’t

Alfin_Bely_Wijaya 10

Is there +a / an + countable singular nounany + uncountable noun

much + uncountable noun

Is there a banana ?

Is there any food on the dish?

Is there much money?

... ?

Yes, there is

Yes, there is

No, there isn’t


• Are there + any + plural noun ... ?

Are there any students in class?

Also,

• Are there + cardinal number + plural noun ... ?

Are there five students in class?

No, there aren’t

• Are there + many + plural noun ... ?

Are there many students in class?

Yes, there are


HOW MUCH / HOW MANY?

• HOW MUCH + UNCOUNTABLE NOUN ...... ?

How much money have you got?

• HOW MANY + COUNTABLE PLURAL NOUN ...?

How many students are there at school?

A LOT OF, A FEW, FEW, A LITTLE, LITTLE

A Lot of + uncountable noun / countable nounExample :

• I have a lot of books• She has a lot of spare time• They have a lot rice• There are a lot of students in the class• He has a lot of shirts


A FEW A few several

(beberapa) Use in positive A few + countable

noun Example : • A few days

• A few books• A few friends• A few people

FEW few not many

(sedikit) Use in negative few + countable noun Example : • Few people

• Few books• Few friends• Few pencils


A LITTLE

A Little (sedikit) Use in positive A little + uncountable

nounexample

• A little time• A little money• A little wine• A little bred

LITTLE

Little not much Use in negative little + uncountable

nounexample

• Little time• Little money• Little hope• Little petrol


NOT QUANTITY OF THE Use a negative word before

a quantity of expression to indicate little or none.

There's not much of the toilet paper left. / Little of the toilet paper is left. (some)=masih ada beberapa

Not any of the toilet paper is left. (no amount)

None of the toilet paper is left.

NOT A UNIT OF (THE) Use not a before a unit

amount to indicate few or none. Optionally, use the before the noun.

There's not a lot of toilet paper left. (some)

Not a sheet of toilet paper is left. (0 pieces)=tidak ada sama sekali

Not a one/ a bit/ a piece is left. one (pronoun) – refers to sheet


EACH Each is followed by a

singular noun and singular verb. Each takes the place of a determiner (the, his, her, their, your)

Each runner is taking his place at the start line of the race.

Each person wants to succeed. (preferred)

EACH OF Each of is followed by a

plural noun but a singular verb. Each of is commonly followed by a determiner or possessive pronoun (the, his, her, their, your)

Each of the runners is taking his place at the start line of the race.Each of my runners …

Each of the persons wants to succeed. Each of the people wants to succeed.


\

A NUMBER OF A number of means

several. When a verb follows this phrase, it is plural.

A number of hula hoops are pink.

We saw a number of hula hoops. (several)

A number of hula hoops have disappeared. (are missing)

THE NUMBER OF The number of states a

quantity, an exact or inexact amount. When a verb follows this phrase, it is singular: is (equals, has risen, has decreased, has increased)

The number of hula hoops is fifteen.

We saw the number of hula hoops.

The number of hula hoops has increased.


Otheradjective Singular

another book (is) The other book (is)

Plural other books /others(are) The other books (are)

Pronoun Singular

another (is) The other (is)

Plural other (are) The other (are)


example

The students in the class come from many countries. One of the students is from Mexico. Another students is from Japan. Other is from Egypt.

Another students is from Japan… (adj) Other is from Egypt… (pronoun)


http://khoaanh.hcmup.edu.vn/projects/tilt2008/3C05/Bich.Thu_Thien.Huong/My%20Web%20Sites

/index.htm

By”

ALFIN NURFITRIYANI

BELLY PROFILYANTI

WIJAYA JUSTIAN


http://khoaanh.hcmup.edu.vn/projects/tilt2008/3C05/Bich.Thu_Thien.Huong/My%20Web%20Sites/index.htm

http://khoaanh.hcmup.edu.vn/projects/tilt2008/3C05/Bich.Thu_Thien.Huong/My%20Web%20Sites/index.htm

English.21 may 2012

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