By: By: Jordi Nicolau Barceló, 19.Jordi Nicolau Barceló, 19.Biel Soler Beltran, 26.Biel Soler Beltran, 26.Adrián Millán Valle, 15.Adrián Millán Valle, 15.Desiderio García Román, 13.Desiderio García Román, 13.

Velázquez’s life:Velázquez’s life:Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Diego Rodríguez de Silva y

VelázquezVelázquez ( June 6, 1599 – ( June 6, 1599 – August 6, 1660) August 6, 1660)

He was a spanish painter who He was a spanish painter who worked for the king Philip worked for the king Philip IV . He was an individualistic IV . He was an individualistic artist of the contemporary artist of the contemporary Baroque period, important Baroque period, important as a portrait artist. He as a portrait artist. He painted scores of portraits of painted scores of portraits of the Spanish royal family, and the Spanish royal family, and other notable European other notable European figures.figures.

His most famous picture isHis most famous picture is Las Las MeninasMeninas (1656). (1656).

He is one of the most important He is one of the most important painters in the world.painters in the world.

Velázquez in Italy:Velázquez in Italy:With his manservant Juan de Pareja, who was his pupil, With his manservant Juan de Pareja, who was his pupil,

Velázquez sailed from Málaga in 1649, landing at Genoa, Velázquez sailed from Málaga in 1649, landing at Genoa, and went from Milan to Venice, buying paintings of Titian, and went from Milan to Venice, buying paintings of Titian, Tintoretto and Veronese. At Modena he was received with Tintoretto and Veronese. At Modena he was received with much favor by the duke, and there he painted the portrait much favor by the duke, and there he painted the portrait of the duke at the Modena gallery and two portraits that of the duke at the Modena gallery and two portraits that now adorn the Dresden gallery.now adorn the Dresden gallery.

The portrait of the duke gave rise to a great portrait of The portrait of the duke gave rise to a great portrait of Pope Pope InnocentInnocent X in the Doria Pamphilj Gallery in Rome. Because X in the Doria Pamphilj Gallery in Rome. Because of that he was received with marked favor by the Pope, who of that he was received with marked favor by the Pope, who presented him with a gold medal.Velázquez took a copy of presented him with a gold medal.Velázquez took a copy of the portrait—which Sir Joshua Reynolds thought was the the portrait—which Sir Joshua Reynolds thought was the finest picture in Rome—with him to Spain. Lots of copies of finest picture in Rome—with him to Spain. Lots of copies of it exist in different galleries. Velázquez, in this work, had it exist in different galleries. Velázquez, in this work, had now reached the now reached the manera abreviadamanera abreviada, a term coined by , a term coined by contemporary Spaniards for this bolder, sharper style. contemporary Spaniards for this bolder, sharper style.

In 1650 in Rome Velázquez also painted a portrait ofIn 1650 in Rome Velázquez also painted a portrait of Juan de Juan de ParejaPareja, now in the Metropolitan Museu of Art in New York , now in the Metropolitan Museu of Art in New York City, USA. It captures in great detail Pareja's character and City, USA. It captures in great detail Pareja's character and clothes. This picture was like a practise before he would clothes. This picture was like a practise before he would paint the Pope.paint the Pope.

THE POPE X THE INNOCENTTHE POPE X THE INNOCENT

In Spain:In Spain:In December 1622, Rodrigo de Villandrando, the In December 1622, Rodrigo de Villandrando, the

king's favorite court painter, died. king's favorite court painter, died. Don Juan de Don Juan de FonsecaFonseca conveyed to Velázquez the command to conveyed to Velázquez the command to come to the court from the come to the court from the Count-Duke of Count-Duke of OlivaresOlivares, the powerful minister of Philip. , the powerful minister of Philip.

Fonseca lodged the young painter in his own home Fonseca lodged the young painter in his own home and sat for a portrait himself, which, when and sat for a portrait himself, which, when completed, was conveyed to the royal palace.. On completed, was conveyed to the royal palace.. On August 16, 1623, August 16, 1623, Philip IVPhilip IV sat for Velázquez. sat for Velázquez.

Olivares commanded Velázquez to move to Madrid, Olivares commanded Velázquez to move to Madrid, promising that no other painter would ever paint promising that no other painter would ever paint Philip's portrait and all other portraits of the king Philip's portrait and all other portraits of the king would be ‘at the bin’. In the following year, 1624, would be ‘at the bin’. In the following year, 1624, he received 300 ducats from the king to pay the he received 300 ducats from the king to pay the cost of moving his family to Madrid, which cost of moving his family to Madrid, which became his home for the rest of his life.became his home for the rest of his life.

Most important or relevant Most important or relevant elements of the art:elements of the art:

Velázquez is inside the 101 most famous painters of Velázquez is inside the 101 most famous painters of the world. There are lots of painters more, the world. There are lots of painters more, Velázquez is one of this people. He is with:Velázquez is one of this people. He is with:

· Pablo Picasso.· Pablo Picasso.

· Leonardo da Vinci.· Leonardo da Vinci.

· Wassily Kandinsky.· Wassily Kandinsky.

· Miguel Ángel.· Miguel Ángel.

· Joan Miró.· Joan Miró.

· Francis Bacon.· Francis Bacon.

· Salvador Dalí.· Salvador Dalí.

In Las Menninas:In Las Menninas:

At the right side of Las At the right side of Las Meninas, there is a Meninas, there is a child whose name is child whose name is Nicolasito Pertusato. Nicolasito Pertusato. He was a dwarf noble He was a dwarf noble origin of the Duchy of origin of the Duchy of Milan who became the Milan who became the king's valet, and died king's valet, and died at seventy-five years. at seventy-five years. The painting is located The painting is located in the foreground in the foreground beside a mastiff. He is beside a mastiff. He is coming to Mari coming to Mari Bárbola.Bárbola.

In Rendicion-de-Breda I:In Rendicion-de-Breda I:

The man of the left is The man of the left is giving to the man of giving to the man of the right a key. It the right a key. It should be because the should be because the man that gives him man that gives him the key has lost the the key has lost the battle or the war. The battle or the war. The battle has finished, battle has finished, there’s only there’s only smoke.The animals smoke.The animals that we can see are that we can see are only horses, some of only horses, some of them bigger than them bigger than others.others.

In El Triunfo de Baco I:In El Triunfo de Baco I:

El Triunfo de Baco is a painting El Triunfo de Baco is a painting of Spanish Velázquez, now in of Spanish Velázquez, now in the Museo del Prado since the Museo del Prado since 1819. It is popularly known 1819. It is popularly known as as Los Borrachos. Los Borrachos. There are There are lots of colours in the lots of colours in the painting. In the painting, the painting. In the painting, the predominant colours are predominant colours are brown, dark colours, like brown, dark colours, like grey and their skin’s colours. grey and their skin’s colours. The most important element The most important element in the picture is the god in the picture is the god Bacchus, that crowns with Bacchus, that crowns with ivy leaves one of the seven ivy leaves one of the seven drunks. It could be a poet drunks. It could be a poet inspired by wine.inspired by wine.

• • •

In El Triunfo de Baco II:In El Triunfo de Baco II:

TheThe men of the right side are very men of the right side are very proud and happy. They are looking proud and happy. They are looking how the god Bacchus is crowning how the god Bacchus is crowning another man.another man.

Curiosities:Curiosities:

Velázquez looks like Velázquez looks like the teacher Snape the teacher Snape of the film Harry of the film Harry Potter.Potter.

Evaluation:Evaluation:

3: 3: Advanced.Advanced.