English Vowels
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Transcript of English Vowels
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Vowels
The Phonetic Description of Vowels
- The Traditional Classification
Vowels of English
- Pure Vowels (Monopthongs)
- Double Vowels (Diphthongs)
- Triphthongs
SABARIAH MD RASHID
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At the end of the lesson, students are
able to:
describe and classify English vowels in
terms of phonetic description
LEARNING OUTCOME
SABARIAH MD RASHID
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How are vowels produced?
To explain the production of vowels, we can use the following
descriptions :
1. Tongue height: (high, mid, & low)
- How close the tongue is to the roof of the mouth?
2. Advancement of the tongue (front, central, & back)
- How front or back the tongue is?
3. Lip-rounding: (rounded, neutral, unrounded)
- What does the shape of the lips look like when making the
vowel sound?
The Phonetic Description of Vowels
SABARIAH MD RASHID
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(Clark & Yallop, 1993: 66)SABARIAH MD RASHID
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English Vowels
• It is common for English vowels to be categorised
under two major groups:
1. Monophthongs (Pure vowels)
2. Diphthongs (Double vowels)
• Some phoneticians describe another group of
vowels known as triphthongs
SABARIAH MD RASHID
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Monopthongs (pure vowels)
What are these?
• Vowels with a single perceived auditory quality,
made by the movement of the tongue towards
one position in the mouth
• e.g.: [ , , , ]
English Vowels
SABARIAH MD RASHID
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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/California_English_vowel_chart.png
• NB: Refer to:
http://www.btinternet.com/~ted.power/esl0104b.html
SABARIAH MD RASHID
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Short Vowels
There are 7 short vowels:
- pill, ship, bit
- bed, head, shed, said
- mat, had, cap
- but, shut, butter
- top, cough
- book, could
- sister, butter
SABARIAH MD RASHID
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Long Vowels
There are 5 long vowels:
- peel, sheep, beat
- father, hard, mask
- nought, course
- boot, rude, food
- hurt, shirt, bird
SABARIAH MD RASHID
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High front vowels
[ ] - long vowel ( sheet, heat, feet )
[ ] - short vowel ( pit, dig, bill )
- distinction between the two is also referred to
as tense vs. lax
Mid front vowels
[]/[] - short mid front unrounded
- e.g. in bed, shed, head
SABARIAH MD RASHID
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Low front vowels
[] - short low front vowel in English
- e.g. in mad, hat, lap
Low back vowels
[] - long low back unrounded
- in father, hard, cast
[] - short low back round
- in dog, hot, shock
SABARIAH MD RASHID
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Mid back vowels
[] - low mid back round
- in bought, course, short
High back vowels
[] - long; in shoe, rude, mood[ ] - short; in took, could
Central vowels
[ ] - in cup, lust, hut
[ ] - in bitter, ago, the[] - in nurse, shirt, herd
SABARIAH MD RASHID
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Diphthongs
• Vowels with two vowel qualities; the quality changes
within a syllable (NOT simply a sequence of two
vowels)
• Its production involves a glide in the movement of
the tongue;
• There are 8 diphthongs:
[, , , , , , , ]
- as in: cow, tour, pay, boy, hair, shy, fear, show
English Vowels
SABARIAH MD RASHID
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Diphthongs ending in [ ]
[] - pay, gate
[] - boy, alloy
[] - high, bye, die
Closing (front) diphthongs
SABARIAH MD RASHID
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Diphthongs ending in []
[] – how, loud
[] - no, dough, low
Closing (back) diphthongs
SABARIAH MD RASHID
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Diphthongs ending in []
[] - poor, sure
[] / [] - hair, pear
[] - here, fear, sheer
Centering diphthongs
SABARIAH MD RASHID
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Triphthongs
• Vowels which consist of a diphthong & the mid-central vowel []; they are made up of 3 vowels
• There are 4 English triphthongs
[], [], [], [],
- as in: tower, player loyal higher
English Vowels
SABARIAH MD RASHID
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Triphthongs
[], [], []
SABARIAH MD RASHID
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How much do you know?
1. What vowel sounds are present in the underlined
segments of the following words? (in received
pronunciation, RP)
hair cupboard torch tournament charge
2. Name the following vowels in terms of the three term
classification of vowles.
[ ] [] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
SABARIAH MD RASHID