EnglishSettlements

In North America

Contributing factors to settlement:Contributing factors to settlement:

• Defeated Spanish Armada 1588

• English population growing & economy depressed

• Financing: joint-stock company

VIRGINIAVIRGINIA• “Let’s make some money!”• Jamestown, May 1607• King James charted London Co. (later VA Co.)• Early problems

• Indian attacks• Famine, dysentery, malaria, “starving time” 1609-1610• Gentlemen w/o physical work experience• Some refused to work

• John Smith, Chief Powhatan, John Rolfe, Pocahontas• Tobacco

• required large work force• indentured servants (Headright System)• slaves

• Transition to Royal Colony when taken over by James I 1624• Did not come over as families but single men

Bacon’s Rebellion, VA 1676Bacon’s Rebellion, VA 1676

• Backcountry unrest over control of trade and land ownership

• Gov. Berkeley refused to allow Bacon fur trade or help warding-off Indian attacks

• Bacon lead settlers against Indians and the colonial gov’t (burned Jamestown)

• **average people rebelling against authority**

• ** established need for African Slaves**

MASSACHUSETTSMASSACHUSETTS

• “Wanna get away…from the Church of England?”• 1. Plymouth

– Pilgrims (separatists)– 1st went to Holland (econ. & cultural differences)– 1620 on Mayflower– Dropped anchor off Mass.– Help from Squanto & Somoset…1st Thanksgiving 1621, never

repeated– Mayflower Compact, 1620

• Out of London Co. jurisdiction, no legal authority• Self-government• Early form of Constitution• Est. powers and duties of the gov’t

Massachusetts ContinuedMassachusetts Continued

• 2. Mass. Bay Company– Not so sep. from Church of England– Est. several different settlements (Boston,

Cambridge, Concord, etc.)– “City upon a hill”– Successful

• Strong religiously• Political hierarchy• Social stability

CONNECTICUTCONNECTICUT

• Not as religious as Mass., but still Puritan

• Fundamental Order of Conn. 1639– 3 towns pulling together to

form one government

• New Haven• Fund. & New Haven

come together in 1662 to form Royal Colony of Conn.

RHODE ISLANDRHODE ISLAND• Open to other religious

groups, inc. Judaism• Roger Williams (sep. of

church & state)• Anne Hutchinson (hostile

to Puritan law…theocracy)

• Anne Hutchinson and followers went North to found this colony in 1679

NEW HAMPSHIRE

New England ColoniesNew England Colonies

MARYLANDMARYLAND

• Catholic haven

• Had to bring Protestants for #s

• Maryland Toleration Act 1649

• Lord Baltimore (land grant and freedom of rule)

• No Indian assaults, plagues, starving time like VA

CAROLINAS (North & South)CAROLINAS (North & South)

• Named after Charles II

• Anglican (Church of England)

• Northern settlers backwoodsy, subsistence farmers

• Southern settlers larger plantations, cash crop growers, connections w/ Barbados

• N and S split by King 1729

Midatlantic Colonies Midatlantic Colonies (Penn, NY, NJ, Delaware)(Penn, NY, NJ, Delaware)

NEW NETHERLAND & NEW JERSEYNEW NETHERLAND & NEW JERSEY

• Dutch, pressured from England, lost it 1674

• New Netherland changed to New York

• Diversified population (Dutch, German, English, French, African, Scandinavian)

• Very diverse as well• Became a colony

from Carteret (poly friend of James II)

PENNSYLVANIAPENNSYLVANIA

DELAWARE• Lower 3 counties of

Penn. split in 1703

• William Penn• Society of Friends/Quakers

– More equality between sexes– democratic

• Set out to populate colony…diversity• City of Brotherly Love (Philadelphia)

GEORGIAGEORGIA

• Anti-Catholic• Military base for

southern border of English America (against Spanish Florida & Indians)

• Strict rules stifled economic development