English Language Arts Level 7 #41 Ms. Walker. Today’s Objectives Suffixes Apostrophes and...
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Transcript of English Language Arts Level 7 #41 Ms. Walker. Today’s Objectives Suffixes Apostrophes and...
Part 1 - The Suffix
A suffix comes at the end of a word and often changes a word from one part of speech to another. For example:
–ate makes a word a verb (affectionate, desolate),
-etic makes a word an adjective (athletic, energetic, poetic)
Suffixes
-ed – makes a word past tense - called, hammered, laughed-er – makes a word mean more- bigger, faster, happier-er – Changes a verb to a noun a person who does an action - announcer, barber, teacher
Suffixes-en - makes the word a verb – awaken, fasten, strengthen-est – most – funniest, hottest, -ful - full of – helpful, thankful, cheerful-less - without – fearless, helpless, homeless
Apostrophes are used to:
Show PossessionTo form the possessive case of a singular noun, add ‘s. Consider the ‘ like a piece of tape, sticking the s to the end of the word. How can you tell if a word is possessive?
Apostrophes Show Possession
If you have to add the s to form the possessive, then the apostrophe comes before the s.
Apostrophes Show Possession
Rephrase it. For example: the book of Fred = Fred + ‘ + s = Fred’s bookthe cat of Ms. Berman
= Ms. Berman’s catthe events of the day
= the day’s events
Plural Possessives
If you have a noun that ends with an “s” and it also shows ownership, put the apostrophe after the s. This also applies to words or names that end in s, including the last names of families.
the desks of the class = the class’ desks
a book of Nicholas = Nicholas’ book
the house of the Jones = the Jones’ house plural of Jones = Jones and Jones +’= Jones’
Plural Nouns Not Ending in S
To form the possessive case of a plural noun not ending in s, add an ‘s, because the s is added to form the possessive:
the room of the children = children’s room
the hat of the women = women’s hats
Contractions
Use an apostrophe to show where letters have been omitted in a contraction:is not = isn’t were not = weren’tshould not = shouldn’t
does not = doesn’thas not = hasn’t
Contractions
would not = wouldn’tdo not = don’t have not = haven’tcould not = couldn’twas not = wasn’thad not = hadn’twill not = won’t
Contractions
Use an apostrophe to join nouns or pronouns with verbsshe has or she is = she’s Fred is = Fred’swho is or who has = who’s
Whose v. Who’s
Whose v. Who’s The word whose is a pronoun in the
possessive case, so it has no apostrophe.
Ex: Whose dog is this? I don’t know whose locker this is.
Whose v. Who’s
The word who’s is a contraction meaning who is or who has, so it requires an apostrophe.
Ex. Who’s going on the trip? = Who is going on the trip? Who’s
been eating all my cookies? = Who has been eating all my
cookies?
Your v. You’re
Your v. You’re The word your is a possessive
pronoun for the word you. The word you’re is a contraction of you + are.Ex. Your mom is here at school.
Let’s v. lets
Let’s is a contraction of the two words let us. Lets is the third person singular of the verb to let, as in to allow. Ex. Let’s eat ice cream
= Let us eat ice cream.
Possessive Pronouns
You do not use an apostrophe when using the possessive case personal pronouns ending in s, which are his, hers its, yours, ours, and theirs. You are not adding the s, so you do not need an apostrophe.
Possessive Pronouns
Theirs is the first house.That book is yours. The money is ours.Hers is the blue coat.The dog is in its house. She is his mom.
Its v. It’s:
Its v. It’s: The word its is a personal pronoun in the possessive case, so it does not need an apostrophe, just like other personal pronouns (hers, his, theirs).
Its v. It’s:
Ex: The refrigerator is set at its lowest temperature.
The word it’s means it is or it
has and is a contraction, so it does require an apostrophe.
Its v. It’s:
Ex: It’s the first day of June. = It is the first day of June.
It’s got to be Fred’s book. = It has got to be Fred’s book.
Caution
Do not add apostrophes to verbs ending in s!Incorrect: The boy run’s to school.
Correct: The boy runs to school. Mother know’s best.
Mother knows best.
Caution
Do not add apostrophes to plural nouns that are not possessive.Incorrect: The book’s are on the shelf. Correct: The books are on the shelf.
Apostrophes and Contractions
http://www.mindbites.com/lesson/2957-basic-punctuation-6-how-to-use-apostrophes
14:40
Apostrophe Assignment
Take out your Apostrophe worksheet and do the exercises. You must have 75% accuracy to show proficiency.
Part 3 - The Idiom
Idioms are spoken phrases that cannot be found in the dictionary. An idiom is an expression that means something other than the literal meanings of its individual words.
A Dime A Dozen
Anything that is common and easy to get. Anything that is very cheap and abundant in quantity; Flip flops are a dime a dozen.
Lesson Review
Today’s lesson focused on the use of the apostrophe to form possessive nouns and contractions.
Next Lesson
Our next lesson will focus on parentheses and brackets along with homonyms, homophones and homographs.