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English in Life Sciences

Elements of life

29.10.2015

TyvekTyvek® brand protective material is a family of tough, durable spunbonded

olefin sheet products that are stronger than paper and more cost-effective

and versatile than fabrics. Tyvek® has a higher strength-to-weight ratio than

paper, absorbs little or no moisture, is strong and rip-resistant, and is made

of environmentally responsible material. Both bright white and silky

smooth, Tyvek® has a distinctive look and feel that enhances graphic

images and instantly sets it apart from all other materials.

It is a durable, lightweight fabric that provides a breathable barrier that

cannot be washed or worn away. Because of its properties, Tyvek® can be

used in a variety of applications including building homewrap, protective

apparel, and medical packaging.

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TyvekDuPont™ Tyvek® coveralls provide the protection and durability you need

so you can focus on the task at hand.

Engineered by DuPont scientists, DuPont™ Tyvek® coveralls are made of

flash-spun, high-density polyethylene which creates a unique, nonwoven

material. The protection is built into the fabric itself; it can’t be abraded or

worn away. Our Tyvek® coveralls are engineered with our unique comfort-

fit design to give wearers what they want — a greater range of movement,

improved mobility, a more tailored fit, and better overall comfort.

DuPont™ Tyvek® coveralls

• Provide light-weight inherent barrier protection against hazardous dry

particles and aerosols, and nonhazardous light liquid splash

• Are good for industrial workers in a variety of applications including

general maintenance/operations, asbestos and lead abatement, mold

remediation, and environmental cleanups

• Provide excellent abrasion resistance

• Helps protect workers against small size hazardous particles

Flash-spun?

Flashspun fabric is a nonwoven fabric formed from fine fibrillation

of a film by the rapid evaporation of solvent and subsequent

bonding during extrusion.

A pressurised solution of, for example HDPE or polypropylene in a

solvent such as fluoroform is heated, pressurised and pumped

through a hole into a chamber. When the solution is allowed to

expand rapidly through the hole the solvent evaporates to leave a

highly oriented non-woven network of filaments.

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• describes the beneficial or adverse effects

of a substance on living matter.

– dose-dependent effects

– acute effects

• elements

• inorganic compounds

• organic compounds

• natural and man-made substances

Biological activity

http://www.iupac.org/home/publications/e-resources/educational-resources.html

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http://www.iupac.org/fileadmin/user_upload/publications/cd/Chemical-Safety/IUPACTOX1.pdf

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In toxicology, the median lethal dose,LD50 (abbreviation for “lethaldose, 50%”), LC50 (lethal concentration, 50%) or LCt50 (lethalconcentration & time) of a toxin, radiation, or pathogen

is the dose required to kill half the members of a tested populationafter a specified test duration.

LD50 figures are frequently used as a general indicator of a substance'sacute toxicity.

The mass of substance administered per unit mass of test subject,typically asmilligrams of substance perkilogram of body mass

EC50 (half maximal effective concentration)IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration)

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http://media.iupac.org/didac/Didac%20Eng/Didac01/frame%20Didac01.htm

http://media.iupac.org/didac/Didac%20Eng/Didac01/frame%20Didac01.htm

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Homework

• Select one element which could be found in

human body and briefly describe its function

• select one toxic element from periodic table

and briefly describe the character of toxicity

(the element or its compounds)

One nice sentence for element from human

body and one for the toxic one.