English for Success student workbook 2º ed.€¦ · DynEd Pro English B2-B2+ Certificate Academic...

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DynEd Pro English B2-B2+ Certificate Academic Plan Student Workbook – 1st Edition © Copyright 2015-2017, DynEd International, Inc.

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Learning Points & Index

English for Success - UNIT 17 Review ............................................................................... 1

Warm up: Series of Events

School Life: Dialogue 1 and 2.

Grammar Focus

History 3: Ataturk, Genghis Khan, and

Sun Yat-sen, Quiz

Language Extension: Biological systems

within the human body, the functions,

processes and relationships between

systems

Speaking-Up: Question Practice

with Speech Recognition

Reading For Success UNIT 17 Margaret Thatcher ..................................................... 7

English for Success - UNIT 18 ........................................................................................... 15

Warm-Up: Causal Sequence


Grammar Focus

History 4 – Politics: Political Units,

Types of Governments and Roles of

Government, Quiz

Language Extension: Christmas 1914 –

A Story, history, human nature and the

role of governments and national

leaders.



Reading For Success UNIT 18 The United Nations ................................................ 22

English for Success - UNIT 19 ........................................................................................... 29

Warm-Up: Emotions and the Future


Grammar Focus

Economics: Goods and Services; Credit,

and Supply and Demand, Quiz

Language Extension: Job categories



Reading For Success UNIT 19 Money............................................................................ 35

English by the Numbers

UNIT 1 Numbers, Decimals and Fractions (Review) ............................................ 43

Large and small numbers, tens,

hundreds, thousands

Difference between ‘-ty’ and ‘teen’

numbers

Fractions

Decimal fractions and percentages

UNIT 2 Numerical Operations and Relations (Review) ...................................... 44

Expressing and understanding

arithmetic operations: addition,

subtraction, multiplication, and

division

Exponents and Roots

Quantitative relationships: 25% more

than, the two largest, ten percent of

the largest

there: existential (there isn’t enough)

UNIT 3 Related Changes (Review) ................................................................................. 45

Connected and unconnected changes:

as x increased, y increased; both x and

y are increasing

Vocabulary related to increases,

decreases, change, and no change:

decline, rise, get weaker, continues to

climb, as a result, fewer...

UNIT 4: Describing Line Graphs ..................................................................................... 46 Understanding and expressing changes

as expressed in line graphs: from 1998,

sales increased steadily until they

reached a high in 2000

Using the present perfect to express

information in a line graph: this shows

how the average family has been

getting smaller

UNIT 5 Describing Bar Graphs ........................................................................................... 47

Understanding and expressing

changes as expressed in bar

graphs: Even though Sweden

and the US spend the most on

education, their test scores are

the lowest.

Comparisons: there is a higher

ratio of spending for... than....

New Dynamic English Module 6

Life Experience (Review) ................................................................................................... 48

Present Perfect/Past tenses

contrasted

Passive voice (was rejected, was

arrested)

Gerund/Infinitive (enjoys teaching,

decided to study, likes living in

England)

Change (she became a model, he’s

getting older, their relationship got

better.)

Reason/Purpose (for a personal

reason, a grant to study, arrested for

stealing)

Time Sequence (at the same time, a

year later, before that, since then, he

still lives)

Matrix Vocabulary (Review) ............................................................................................... 53

Adverb clauses/phrases (when they

are happy, when someone is rude to

them)

Obligation, have to (I only go when I

have to. You have to put on your

socks.)

Word relations/analogies (Driver is to

bus as pilot is to airplane.)

Gerunds/Infinitives (I prefer flying.

The fastest way to travel is to go by

airplane.)

Countable/Uncountable Amounts

(many people, some people, a lot of

education, a pair of gloves, most

people)

Comparisons .............................................................................................................................. 61

Adjective clauses/phrases (which was

made in 1920, the second most

expensive)

Approximation (approximately 5,400

miles; about 7,400 miles; just over…)

Asking about price/product

information (How much is the newest

one? When was it made? Which one

has the best…?)

Comparison (-er than, -est, as good

as, better than, the most expensive

one…)

Countable/Uncountable (how many

more, how much more, how much

taller…)

Physical Description, Temperature,

Distance

New Dynamic English Module 7

Life Choices .................................................................................................................................. 71

Conditionals: Contrary-to-fact,

Present, and Future (if, unless,

had)

Logical Relations between events

(because, even though, not unless,

if, had to)

Past Habitual (used to, could,

would)

Cause/Effect Sequences and

Relations

Modals (will, would, might, could)

in conditionals

Necessity, have to, in Conditionals

Passives (hadn’t been injured)

Wh- questions and making

Conditionals.

Space and Time Sequences................................................................................................. 81

Specification (neither of them, on

either side, one of them)

Conditional Action (not unless, if,

so that) and Problem Solving

Qualifiers if, except for

Past Perfect tense (still hadn’t

arrived)

Time Sequence (by the time that,

not until, when, while, as, adverb

clauses, etc.)

Epidemic ........................................................................................................................................ 85

Classification and Exemplification

(such as, other kinds of, one type,

another example)

Present Perfect tense to express

Result (have made it easier)

Potentiality and Past Ability

(can/could) (you can still live, an

epidemic could...)

Logical Relations and Sentence

Connecting (therefore, these, also,

as a result, another)

Adjective clauses (which, that)

Passives w/Perfect tenses, be used

+ infinitive

English for Success ▪ Unit 17

© DynEd International 1

Exercise A

1. Listen to the sentences in Unit 17 Warm-Up. Circle or highlight the correct word.

1. Many statues have been built / have built to honor important people.

2. Abraham Lincoln was led / led the country through the Civil War.

3. Every year millions of people come / came to visit Lincoln's statue.

4. The tower gradually started / has started to lean during its construction.

5. The Appian Way is / has been the first and most famous Roman road ever built.

6. The Appian Way was built / has been built more than two thousand years ago.

7. The Appian Way has been / was the main highway from Rome to Greece.

8. The Eiffel Tower completed /was completed in 1889.

9. Until 1930, it has been / was one of the tallest structures in the world.

10. The Eiffel Tower visited / is visited by millions of people every year.

2. Fill in the correct letters for the missing words.

1. The Appian Way ________ the main _________ from _________ to Greece and the East.

2. It was _________ more than two thousand years ago, __________ 300 B.C.

3. Over fifty thousand miles of roads __________ built by the __________ Romans.

4. Parts of the original road _________ been preserved and _________ now _________ used by cars.

ancient are around being built have

highway Rome Romans was were will

Exercises English for Success 7

4

1

4


2 © DynEd International

Exercise B

1. Listen to the first part of Dialog in School Life. Then4 fill in the missing words.

Tina: (a) ____________________ of Michael's speech?

Tiara: I thought (b) ____________________! I really liked it (c) _____________how much he liked the food (d) _____________________!

Tina: Yeah, that was funny. Do you think (e) _______________?

Tiara: I think (f) ____________________________________. Hillary's speech wasn't (g) ________________________________. What do you think?

Tina: Yeah, (h) ____________________.She didn't really say anything. (i) _____________it's just a popularity contest.

Tiara: Right.

2. Listen to the second part of Unit 17 Dialog in School Life. How does each person respond to the other’s opinion?

1. Tiara: But I don't think it really matters who wins, do you? Nobody really cares.

Tina: ___________________________________________________________.

2. Tina: We need someone to represent us to the administration.

Tiara: Sure, but___________________________________________________?

3. Tiara: They can't change anything. They just plan dances!

Tina: Well, they can_______________________________________________.

4. Tina: For example, they could recommend to change the class schedule.

Tiara: __________________________________________________________.

5. Tiara: It would be nice to have fewer classes each day.

Tina: (a) ____________________! Math and science (b)____________________!



Exercise C

1. Listen to Unit 17 Dialog. Tiara and Tina use modals to express their opinions. Underline the modals in each sentence.

Example: Do you think he will win the election?

Do you think he will win the election?

1. Tina: We need someone to represent us to the administration.

2. Tiara: Sure, but what can our representatives do? They can't change anything. They just plan dances!

3. Tina: Well, they can also express our views. For example, they could recommend to change the class schedule.

4. Tiara: Yeah, that would be great. It would be nice to have fewer classes each day.

5. Tina: Right! Math and science every other day!

2. Put the words into the correct order.

Example: /is/ /Michael’s/ /about/ /project/ /what/?

How was Hillary's speech?

1. /speech/ /what/ /Michael’s/ /did/ /Tiara/ /of/ /think/?

__________________________________________________________________

2. /think/ /does/ /the/ /will/ /election/ /win/ /who/ /Tiara/?

__________________________________________________________________

3. /about/ /Tiara/ /student/ /does/ /government/ /what/ /think/?

__________________________________________________________________

4. /would/ /kind/ /what/ /of/ /changes/ /Tina/ /like/?

__________________________________________________________________

5. /Tina/ /class schedule/ /the/ /would/ /change/ / to/ /like/ /how/?

__________________________________________________________________



Exercise D

1. Listen to Ataturk in Unit 17 School Subjects. Then read each sentence in the exercise and indicate the letter of the sentence from the box that comes before it.

1. d His father died when he was a boy in 1888.

2. _____ By 1915, he was a national hero, and by the age of 35, he had become a

general.

3. _____ As a result, in 1919 he started the Turkish Nationalist Republican party.

4. _____ After winning the War of Independence, Ataturk and his supporters

abolished the monarchy and replaced it with a Republic.

5. _____ He wanted to make Turkey more modern.

6. _____ This change made it easier for more people to learn to read and write.

7. _____ There was a separation between religion and government.

8. _____ Millions of people across the country cried when they heard about his

death.

2. Listen to the first part of Unit 17 Genghis Khan in School Subjects. Put these sentences into the correct order.

_____ They gave him some poisoned food, and he died.

_____ His father took him to the family of his future wife.

_____ However, the tribe did not accept Temujin as their leader because they

thought he was too young.

_____ On the way home, Temujin's father met some enemies of the Mongols.

1 When he was only nine years old, his father arranged for him to get married.

_____ When Temujin heard about his father's death, he returned home to take his

father's place as leader of their tribe.

a. During the First World War, he was a brave soldier and a brilliant military leader.

b. Following these changes, Turkey became a secular country, which meant that Islam was no longer the state religion.

c. He believed that the traditional Muslim way of organizing the country was old-fashioned. d. Ataturk was born in 1881 in Salonika, (now called Thessaloniki).

e. In 1928, the written Turkish language was changed from Arabic script to Latin script.

f. Mustafa opposed the Turkish government's decision to surrender and give up parts of the country to foreign control.

g. On November 10th, 1938, after an illness, the Father of modern Turkey died.

h. The War took three years, and by the end of 1922, the Turkish army had won and the country was free.



Exercise E

1. Listen to Unit 17 School Subjects - Sun Yat-sen. Choose the correct form of the

verb. Then put the sentences into the correct order.

_____ After graduate / graduating in 1892, he practiced medicine, and he soon became active in politics.

_____ From Hawaii, Sun went to Hong Kong and to study / studied medicine.

_____ He eventually left Japan and was in the US when he has heard / heard about the successful rebellion against the Chinese emperor.

_____ He immediately returned / has returned to China to take part.

_____ In 1894, Sun started the Revive China Society with the goal of to make / making China a better country.

_____ The rebellion failed, and for the next sixteen years, Sun had lived / lived as an exile in the United States, Japan and Britain.

1 When Sun was thirteen, he moved to Hawaii to live with his older brother who has been working / was working there.

_____ While exile / exiled in Japan, Sun joined a Chinese group and became their leader.

2. Write each word into the chart in the correct category.

assembly battle chief commander congress democracy

dynasty general leader military monarchy representatives

republic ruler soldier war warrior

Army Government Both



Exercise F

1. Put the words into the correct order

Example: The central nervous system/ /the brain/ /consists/ /and/ /spinal cord/ /of/.

The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord

1. /the heart/ /includes/ /the circulatory/ /vessels/ /and/ / blood/.

____________________________________________________________________

2. /excess food that is digested/ /fat/ /stored/ /in your body/ /turned/ /is/ /into/ /and/.

____________________________________________________________________

3. /the immune system is/ /defense/ /infections/ /the body’s/ /system/ /and diseases/ /against/.

____________________________________________________________________

4. /control/ /impulses/ /your/ /and organs/ /nerve/ /muscles/.

____________________________________________________________________

5. /the reproductive/ /humans/ /children/ /allows/ /system/ /to produce/.

____________________________________________________________________

2. Connect the two parts of each sentence.

1. The heart pumps blood to and from the lungs ____

2. One function of the digestive system ____

3. The digestive system supplies the energy ____

4. Food that can't be digested ____

5. After food is chewed and swallowed ____

6. One way the immune system works ____

7. Sneezing, runny noses, and fever ____

8. If an infection or disease invades the body ____

9. One part of the nervous system __i__

10. The respiratory system ____

a. it goes down to the stomach.

b. is by excreting invasive threats from the body.

c. is to break down and absorb food into the body.

d. that the body requires for growth and repair.

e. are examples of the immune system at work.

f. brings air into the body and removes carbon dioxide.

g. to eliminate waste carbon dioxide and to pick up oxygen.

h. the immune system goes on the attack.

i. is the central nervous system.

j. is turned into waste and is eliminated from the body.

Reading for Success ▪ Unit 17


Getting Started

Fill in the timeline below with these events from Margaret Thatcher's career:

Margaret Thatcher’s Career

a. became leader of the Conservative Party b. became Prime Minister c. born in England d. elected to Parliament

e. first became a political candidate f. forced to resign g. re-elected after Falklands War

C

1925 1949 1959 1975 1979 1983 1990

Reading for Success 17: MARGARET THATCHER



Comprehension Check 1 True or False? Read each statement and decide if it is true or false. Circle or

highlight your answer.

Write a complete sentence to explain your answer.

1. Margaret Thatcher served as Prime Minister for over ten years. True False Mrs. Thatcher served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom for 11 years,

from 1979 to 1990.

2. Margaret Thatcher came from a wealthy family. True False _______________________________________________________________

3. Margaret Thatcher failed at chemistry so she decided to enter politics. True False _______________________________________________________________

4. Most British people thought Margaret Thatcher was too shy to be a political candidate. True False _______________________________________________________________

5. Margaret Thatcher was not interested in raising a family. True False _______________________________________________________________

6. Mrs. Thatcher became Prime Minister soon after she was elected to Parliament. True False _______________________________________________________________

7. Mrs. Thatcher was most concerned about poor people and workers. True False

_______________________________________________________________

8. Not everyone agreed with Mrs. Thatcher's policies during her first term in office.

True False

_______________________________________________________________



Vocabulary Practice 1

1. Match the words to make common English expressions.

1. a political a. union ————————

2. a member b. century ————————

3. a grocery c. Party ————————

4. health d. Minister ————————

5. Conservative e. Kingdom ————————

6. Oxford f. candidate a political candidate

7. Prime g. shop ————————

8. twentieth h. of Parliament ————————

9. a trade i. care ————————

10. The United j. University ————————

2. Then write three sentences about Margaret Thatcher. Each sentence must

use at least one phrase from the chart.

1. __________________________________________________________________

2. __________________________________________________________________

3. __________________________________________________________________



Language Focus 1

Unscramble the words to make a sentence about Margaret Thatcher.

1. /1925 // born // in // Margaret // Thatcher // was / Margaret Thatcher was born in 1925.

2. / at // Chemistry // From 1943 // Oxford University // she // studied // to 1947, /

_______________________________________________________________

3. / a political // at the age // became // candidate // In 1949, // Margaret // of 24, /

_______________________________________________________________

4. / 1951, // a businessman // December // Denis Thatcher, // In // Margaret // married/

_______________________________________________________________

5. / as // a Member // elected // in // 1959 // Mrs. // Thatcher // of Parliament // was /

_______________________________________________________________

6. / became // Conservative // In // 1975, // of the // political // party // she // the // leader/

_______________________________________________________________

7. / of // British // She // the power //to // trade // unions // wanted // weaken /

_______________________________________________________________

8. / believed // Mrs. // Thatcher // on // people // rely // should // that // themselves /

_______________________________________________________________



Comprehension Check 2 Circle or highlight the correct answers.

1. Who attacked the Falkland Islands in 1982?

a. Great Britain

b. Argentina

c. The European Community

2. When did Mrs. Thatcher begin her second term as Prime Minister?

a. 1982

b. 1983

c. 1987

3. Which British trade union went on strike during Mrs. Thatcher's second term?

a. the coal miners

b. the British military

c. the factory workers

4. Which of these policies did Mrs. Thatcher support during her third term as

Prime Minister?

a. The UK joining the European Community

b. A special tax to pay for local government

c. Recapturing the Falkland Islands

5. How long did Mrs. Thatcher serve as Prime Minister of the UK?

a. 32 years

b. 11 years

c. from 1982 to 1987

6. When did Margaret Thatcher die?

a. 2013

b. 2011

c. 2009



Vocabulary Practice 2 Complete this crossword puzzle.

ACROSS

1. a period of time that someone does a government job

7. to leave a job

8. to fight against a person or country

9. a plan of action by a government or other groups

10. an event in which people vote to choose someone for a position

DOWN

1. money that you have to pay to the government

2. soldiers; the armed forces of a country

3. a political organization that seeks to get its members elected to government positions

4. not weak

5. a person who seeks to be chosen to a job or position

6. a country's system for producing and using money and goods



Language Focus 2

Fill in the blanks, using the words in italics.

On April 2, 1982, Argentina attacked (attacked / was attacked) the

Falkland Islands, which (1) (controlled/were controlled) by the

British. Mrs. Thatcher (2) (directed / was directed) the military to

recapture the islands. Argentina (3) (surrendered / was surrendered)

on June 14. The British people (4) ______(excited / were excited) by Mrs.

Thatcher’s strong leadership, and in 1983, she (5) (re-elected /

was re-elected).

In 1984, British coal miners (6) (decided / were decided) to go on

strike and not work until the government (7) (listened / was listened)

to them. Mrs. Thatcher (8) (refused / was refused) to talk to the

miners, and there were violent protests in the streets. However, after one year,

Mrs. Thatcher's policies (9) (forced / was forced) the miners back to

work.



MY WRITING Choose one of the suggested topics or questions, or a similar one that you’d prefer,

and write at least two paragraphs on the subject.

1. What qualities make a good leader?

2. What women leaders are there in your country, now and in the past?

3. Do you think men and women lead differently? If so, in what ways?



Exercise A

1. Look at the pictures in Unit 18 Warm-Up and listen to the sentences. Then complete the sentences with the correct phrases.

1. The girl _____________________________ (treat) for a serious illness.

2. People _____________________________ (cut down) trees for many years now.

3. In order to prevent injury, the boy _____________________ (wear) protection over his eyes.

4. This girl ________________________ (take) an advanced drawing class at her school.

5. A large part of this forest _____________________________ (cut down) for its wood.

2. Answer these questions in complete sentences.

1. The girl in the picture is in the hospital with a serious illness. What could happen if she doesn’t see a doctor soon?

__________________________________________________________________

2. The science teacher is showing the boy how to conduct an experiment. What might be the result if the boy doesn’t pour in the correct amount of liquid?

__________________________________________________________________

3. The girl is being shown the correct way to hold the chalk by her art instructor. What do you think will happen if the girl keeps practicing?

__________________________________________________________________

4. Many forests are being cut down all over the world today. What could happen if we continue to cut down so many trees?

__________________________________________________________________


1

8



Exercise B

1. Listen to Unit 18 Dialog 1 in School Life and fill in the correct words.

Tiara tells Tina that Michael has won the election but that he won’t be president.

Tiara: His family (a) _______________________________. He just found out.

Tina: Moving? Where to?

Tiara: London! Can you believe it?

Tina: What a shock! What (b) _____________________________________?

Tiara: I don't know. I (c) ________________________________to talk to him.

Tina: When (d) _________________________________________________?

Tiara: I'm not sure, but probably at the end of this school year.

Tina: That's only two months (e) ___________________________________!

Tiara: Yeah... (f) I’m ____________________________miss him. He's really nice.

Tina: (g) ________________________ the election? Will Hillary be president or

(h) ________________________ another election?

Tiara: This (i) _______________________________ before, so I don't know (j)

________________________________.

2. Listen to Unit 18 Dialog 2 in School Life and fill in the missing words.

Nick: What's wrong, Alex?

Alex: I (a) ___________ __________ to turn in my English paper (b) ___________,

but I (c) __________ all about it. I thought it (d) __________ due until

next week.

Nick: What are you (e) _________ to do?

Alex: I don't know but I (f) __________ __________my parents to find out.

Nick: (g) _________ you talk to Mr. Huffman?

Alex: Yeah... and he (h) __________ to talk to me after school.

did don’t forgot going have supposed today want wants was wasn’t will be



Exercise C


Example: /happened/ /never/ /this/ /has/ /before/.

This has never happened before.

1. /chance/ /to talk/ /him/ /I/ /haven’t/ /a/ /had/ /to/. ________________________________________________________________

2. /turn/ /late/ /he/ /it/ /in/ /said//can/ /I/. ________________________________________________________________

3. /interested/ /I’m/ /president/ /not/ /in/ /being/. ________________________________________________________________

4. /due/ /thought/ /until/ /I/ / wasn’t/ /next/ /it/ /week/. ________________________________________________________________

5. /better/ /it/ /right/ /you’d/ /away/ /finish/. ________________________________________________________________

2. Listen to Unit 18 Dialogs in School Life. Answer these questions.

1. Why won’t Michael be class president? _________________________________________________________________

2. Will Hillary become president? _________________________________________________________________

3. Why didn’t Alex turn in his English paper? ________________________________________________________________

4. Why does it matter how soon Alex turns in his paper? _________________________________________________________________

5. What will happen if Alex’s parents find out about the late paper? _________________________________________________________________



Exercise D

1. Listen to Unit 18 Political Units in School Subjects. Then fill in the missing words.

There are four (1) __________ that all (2) ___________have in common.

They include a group of people, known as the (3) ____________. They

include a defined (4) ____________, which is land enclosed by (5)

____________. They have a (6) ___________, which is the (7) ___________

ruling the land and the people. They have sovereignty, which is to have

exclusive (8) _________ over the (9) ____________, economic, and social

(10) ____________within the territory.

2. Listen to Unit 18 Types of Government in School Subjects. Write the correct form of government: autocracy, oligarchy, democracy, or anarchy.

1. A small group of people controls the government. __________________

2. In a single-party country, only members of the one official party can hold political power. __________________________

3. Political power is supposed to be shared by everyone in the country. _______________

4. The legendary King Arthur, for example, is a king who loved his people. _____________

5. The name of this form of government means "rule of the people." ____________

6. The simplest form of government is one which has only one ruler. ____________

7. There is nobody to make political decisions or enforce laws. ________________

8. This is the most common form of government in the world today. ____________

9. This type of government includes both monarchies and dictatorships. ______________

10. Without laws or law enforcement, economies cannot function efficiently, and the population suffers. _______________

alliances borders capital characteristics control countries population institution political government systems territory



Exercise E

1. Listen to Unit 18 Government Services in School Subjects. Connect the two parts of each sentence.

1. In many countries, the government is run _g___

2. The United States is _____

3. Representative democracies _____

4. The prime minister _____

5. The president _____

6. One role of government _____

7. The executive branch of a government _____

8. The judicial branch _____

9. The constitution _____

10. If citizens refuse to pay taxes, _____

2. Write in the missing words that connect the two sentences.

1. Political maps show the boundaries that divide countries. They _________show the location of capitals.

2. Capitals are cities where the government is located. The capital of Vietnam, _________, is Hanoi.

3. In the 1950s and 1960s, European countries granted independence to their colonies. The colonies ___________ formed local governments.

4. Famous revolutionaries include George Washington, Vladimir Lenin, and Sun Yat-sen. __________ leaders wanted to improve conditions for their countries.

5. Without laws or law enforcement economies cannot function efficiently, and the population suffers. ___________, most anarchies don't last very long.

6. In some countries, the people have control over the land and means of production. ____________ for countries such as the United States, Japan, and the United Kingdom.

7. In a parliamentary democracy, there is no president. ____________, there is a prime minister.

8. One role of government is to make laws and set policy for the country. ____________ role is to raise money through taxes.

a. they will be breaking the law.

b. is to make laws and set policy for the country.

c. an example of a representative democracy.

d. is a document that defines how the government is set up.

e. is elected directly by the people.

f. is chosen by the elected representatives in the parliament.

g. by elected representatives of the people

h. can be organized in a variety of ways.

i. carries out the laws and policies of the country.

j. oversees the country's court system.

also another as a result but for example then these instead it this is true



Exercise F

1. Fill in the correct word or phrase.

1. The war ________been fought for a few months but ________ side was winning.

2. The ________ had been dug deep into rocky ground, and the soldiers ________covered with mud.

3. Soon both sides were ________, sometimes their singing received by ________side with applause or calls for an encore.

4. Somebody proposed a ________for Christmas day: "We ________shoot if you don't."

5. At the agreed time, soldiers from ________sides climbed to the top of their trenches and saluted ________.

2. Listen to the story of Christmas 1914 in Unit 18 Language Extension. Mark each sentence True (T) or False (F) in the space at the end of each sentence. If a sentence is false, change the wording to make it true.

1. ____ The story takes place in France in December 1914. _____

______________________________________________________________

2. ____ The battlefield was cold and muddy. _____

_______________________________________________________________

3. ____ Germany was winning the war. _____

_______________________________________________________________

4. ____ On Christmas Eve, the German soldiers began singing traditional Christmas

songs. _____

_______________________________________________________________

5. ____ The first soldier to leave the trenches was British. _____

_______________________________________________________________

6. ____ The soldier was carrying a gun. _____

_______________________________________________________________

both each other had has neither singing won’t trenches will were truce the other



7. ____ The two sides agreed not to fight on Christmas Day. _____

_______________________________________________________________

8. ____ The soldiers could not communicate with each other. _____

_______________________________________________________________

9. ____ The soldiers exchanged gifts and drinks and played a game of soccer. _____

_______________________________________________________________

10. ____ The soldiers agreed never to fight again._____

_______________________________________________________________



Getting Started

Complete the chart using the information from the readings. Insert the letter of the correct answer into the boxes in the chart.

a. 193 members b. China, France, Russia, the United

Kingdom, and the United States c. elected by the UN General Assembly d. General Assembly

e. non-permanent members f. permanent members g. Security Council h. United Nations

B

Reading for Success 18: THE UNITED NATIONS

Reading For Success ▪ Unit 18


Comprehension Check 1

Write one or more complete sentences to answer each question.

1. Why did world leaders create the United Nations? _________________________________________________________________

2. Where is the UN Headquarters located? _________________________________________________________________

3. By how much did the membership of the UN grow between 1945 and 2013? _________________________________________________________________

4. What are some goals of the United Nations? _________________________________________________________________

5. When does the UN provide emergency assistance? _________________________________________________________________




Complete this crossword puzzle, using words from Reading 1 and Reading 2.

ACROSS

3. The United Nations the rights of individuals to be treated fairly.

5. The UN is known for its efforts during the aftermath of floods or earthquakes.

7. One of the goals of the UN is to provide assistance to victims of natural .

8. The headquarters of the UN are located on land that is not the of any one nation.

9. The UN now has 193 nations.

10. The UN considers that freedom to opinions is a basic human right.

DOWN

1. The UN was to promote communication and cooperation among nations.

2. Many cities were during World War II.

4. The basic goals and operations of the UN are described in the UN .

6. The UN Charter was in San Francisco in 1945 by the 51 original members of the UN.



Language Focus 1

Fill in the missing phrases.

The primary goal of the United Nations is to promote peace and cooperation among

nations. In addition, the UN (1) , such as each person’s right to have

enough to eat, (2) , and to be treated fairly. The UN also helps

countries (3) . It oversees elections to make sure they are (4)

_______________.

Countries ask (5) from the United Nations when they have natural

disasters, such as (6) . The UN helps move (7) to

people who are affected by disasters, wars, (8) . These relief efforts

are part of the UN's goal of building a (9) .

for emergency assistance worldwide community or poverty promote peace to express opinions food and medicine floods or earthquakes protects human rights with new democratic governments free and fair




Choose the best answer.

1. The _____ is the UN main forum for debate and discussion.

a. UN Security Council

b. United Nations

c. UN General Assembly

2. A UN recommendation on peace and security must be passed by _____.

a. majority vote

b. two-thirds vote

c. seven or more votes

3. The UN Security Council can _____ during regional conflicts.

a. send peacekeepers or approve military action

b. send soldiers and weapons

c. take control of member state governments

4. _____ can veto any Security Council resolution.

a. Brazil

b. France

c. Japan

5. The ten non-permanent members of the UN Security Council are chosen from _____.

a. the countries that won World War II

b. different regions of the world

c. the largest countries in the world




Fill in the blanks with the correct word form.

1. The United Nations General Assembly is the main UN organization for discussion of

international issues.

2. The UN General Assembly makes on peace and security.

3. A statement passed by the UN General Assembly is called a “ .”

4. The UN Security Council can send peacekeepers to help prevent fighting during

conflicts.

5. If necessary, the Security Council can give for military action.

6. Security Council members must always be at UN Headquarters.

Language Focus 2

Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.

1. When the Assembly votes (vote) on an important question, the statement (must approve) by a two-thirds vote.

2. A statement (pass) by the General Assembly (call) a resolution.

3. The ten non-permanent members of the UN Security Council (select) from different regions of the world.

4. They (elect) by the UN General Assembly for two-year terms.

5. If a permanent member vetoes a resolution by voting against it, it (reject), even if the other members (approve) it.

a. approve b. issue c. region d. present e. recommend f. resolve



MY WRITING

Choose one of the suggested topics or questions, or a similar one that you’d prefer, and write at least two paragraphs on the subject.

1. Do you think the United Nations is a force for good in the world?

2. When, if ever, is it justified to go to war?

3. Do you think it is wrong for the headquarters of the United Nations to be located in New York City?



Exercise A

1. Look at the pictures in Unit 19 Warm-Up and listen to the sentences. Then

complete the sentences with the correct phrases.

1. _____________________________ can be both fun and little scary.

2. The girl ______________________ driving lessons for the first time.

3. She _________________________ a driving test in order to get a driver's license.

4. She _________________________ before, so she's very nervous.

5. She's ________________________ that she might get into an accident.

2. Fill in the correct words.

1. The boy ______ to finish reading his books in order ______ his paper.

2. In order to receive a ______ grade, he _______ work very late.

3. The two friends are happy that they ________ finished, but they _______ miss their friends.

4. The girl ______a good grade so that she can ________ the class.

5. If she ________ her class, she _______ get to graduate.


3

9

3

will fails needs to will needs might not has pass passing have to pass to write



Exercise B

1. Listen to Unit 19 Dialog 1 in School Life then fill in the correct words.

Tina has been waiting for Alex.

Tina: Where _____________________________________________?

Alex: Oh, sorry. How long __________________________________?

Tina: I've been waiting ____________________________________!

Alex: Did you call mom?

Tina: Yeah, I told her __________________________. She'll meet us

_______________________________.

_________________________ that our music lessons are today!

Alex: I said ______________________________________.

Tina: Sometimes you're _____________________________.

2. Listen to Unit 19 Dialog 2 in School Life. Then fill in the missing words.

Tina: Hi Michael. When (1)______________________ for London?

Michael: I'm not sure (2)____________________. My dad is (3)_________________ there.

Tina: (4)_________________ forward to living (5)______________?

Michael: No, not (6)_____________. I'm tired of moving around.

(7)___________ stay (8)_________.

Michael: (9)________________ for the history test tomorrow?

Tina: No, not yet. I'm (10)________________ reviewing my notes.

already are you are you leaving still yet I’d rather really will you are you looking there here are you ready



Exercise C


Example: /meet/ /is/ /who/ /them/ /going/ /to/?

Who is going to meet them?

1. /Alex/ /long/ /been/ /for/ /Tina/ /waiting/ /how/ /has/?

_________________________________________________________________

2. /mother/ /why/ /Tina/ /did/ /call/ /their/?

_________________________________________________________________

3. /father/ /in/ /what/ /now/ /is/ /London/ /doing/ /Michael’s/?

_________________________________________________________________

4. /London/ /does/ /feel/ /to/ /how/ /moving/ /about/ /Michael/?

_________________________________________________________________

5. /prepare/ /Tina/ /test/ /is/ /doing/ /the/ /for/ /to/ /what/?

_________________________________________________________________

2. Listen to Unit 19 Dialogs in School Life. Answer these questions.

1. Why is Tina upset?

_________________________________________________________________

2. Why was Alex late?

_________________________________________________________________

3. Will Alex and Tina be late for their music lessons?

_________________________________________________________________

4. When will Michael leave for London?

_________________________________________________________________

5. Is the history test going to be easy?

_________________________________________________________________



Exercise D

1. Listen to Goods and Services in Unit 19 School Subjects. Then fill in the correct words.

1. An important part of a country's _______ is how goods and services are _______.

2. A good ______ tries to supply its ________ with the most basic _______.

3. Even a good government _______ difficulty if the country doesn't have the _______ necessary to ________ its economy.

4. A skilled ______ can provide goods and services that ________ traded for food and other basic goods and services.

2. Listen to Credit in Unit 19 School Subjects. Fill in the blanks with the correct words or phrases from the previous sentence.

Example: This service has a value. To pay for this __________, the bank or

credit card company charges interest. Answer: This service has a value. To pay for this service, the bank or credit card

company charges interest.

1. In an economy, the availability of credit is important. __________________ allows people to buy things even if they don't have money when they make the purchase.

2. Interest is payment to the credit provider for lending money to the borrower.

The borrowed _________________________ allows the borrower to pay for something.

3. It's also important to make payments on time, or the interest rate may increase.

If a borrower fails to ____________________, it will become more expensive to get credit in the future.

4. Credit card companies and banks monitor the credit histories of borrowers.

_______________with good credit can get future credit at a lower interest rate than those who have a poor credit history.

5. When you are given a credit card, you are given a line of credit. A

_______________ shows how much you can borrow.

can be consumers distributed economy government needs support population workforce resources may have price



Exercise E

1. Listen to Unit 19 Supply and Demand in School Subjects. Then fill in the missing words.

The laws of supply and demand help us to understand why the (1) __________

of goods and services (2) _________ or fall. The law of (3) __________ states

that as the price of something rises, the demand for it will (4) _________. This is

because (5) ___________ people can afford it. The law of supply states that (6)

__________ of a product will increase at a (7) __________ price. This is because

producers of the product will want to (8) __________ production. Selling (9)

__________ at a higher price increases profits. If the price is too (10) _________,

producers will not want to supply the product.

2. Circle or highlight the word or phrase in each sentence to complete the sentence with the correct meaning.

1. Needs / Wants include goods or services that are nice, but not necessary.

2. Imports / Exports are bought by one country from another country.

3. Saudi Arabia exports / imports oil to many other countries.

4. If you want to increase your price, you have to increase the cost/ value of your service.

5. The company providing credit is lending / borrowing money to the borrower.

6. As the demand for something increases, its price will tend to fall / rise.

7. One way for a company to increase the price of its products is to increase/ decrease demand for it.

8. As the demand drops, the price will have to rise / fall in order to sell it.

9. The price must be high / low enough to cover the costs of creating the product.

10. If the price of a product is too high / low, there won't be enough people who can afford it.

decrease rise fall fewer higher increase lower low more prices demand supplies



Exercise F

1. Fill in the correct word or phrase.

1. __________ institutions __________ schools, universities and vocational colleges.

2. To be a successful artist usually _____________many years of ____________.

3. To ____________ others, one must first ____________ educated.

4. Veterinarians ____________health care to ____________.

5. In some countries, workers in these __________ often __________ a trade union.

2. Put each word into the correct job category.

accountant election mayor politician banks electrician nurse prison guard

beautician engineer orchestra scientist college hospital painter teacher criminal hotel pharmacist tourist

cruise ship investment plumber tutor dancer judge poet university

diplomat loan police

The Arts

Education and Training Financial

Government

Health

Law Enforcement

Science and Technology

Tourism

Trades and Services

belong to become animals educate educational jobs is required include people practice provide requires



Getting Started

Complete the chart.

a) Civilizations began to make coins with standard weights and sizes.

b) Governments began to issue paper money.

c) Large amounts of metal coins were heavy to carry.

d) People did not know how much a piece of gold was worth.

e) People used grain or cattle as form of money.

f) Some people did not have the goods that other people wanted to barter for.

People used grain or cattle as form of money.

People did not know how much a piece of gold was

worth.

Problem Solution

Reading for Success 19: MONEY




Write one or more sentences to answer each question.

1. What do people do when they barter?

_________________________________________________________________

2. What can make it difficult to use a barter system?

_________________________________________________________________

3. Would pieces of wood be useful as money? Why or why not?

_________________________________________________________________

4. What were some of the earliest forms of money?

_________________________________________________________________

5. Why did people accept gold and silver in exchange for goods and services?

_________________________________________________________________

6. How does money help a society to function?

_________________________________________________________________




Complete this crossword puzzle.

ACROSS

3. cows or bulls that are kept for milk or meat

6. things that people make to trade or sell

8. not seen or found very often

9. nice to look at

10. an organized method for doing something

DOWN

1. to give something and receive something else

2. very valuable

4. to exchange one thing for another

5. how much something is worth

7. a job someone does for others



Language Focus 1

Fill in the missing phrases. One phrase will not be used.

a. as money g. in exchange for b. as early as h. exchanging c. as a form i. could exchange d. as long as j. to use e. as valuable k. were also used f. such as l. could be used to

Money makes _exchanging_ goods and services easier. Money can be any object that

people will accept (1) _______________ and worth exchanging.

(2)________________ 9000 BCE, people used grain or cattle (3) _______________ of

money. Small, attractive objects—such as shells or beads—(4) ____________ as

money. When a society accepted particular things (5) ______________, people (6)

______________ goods more easily.

Precious metals, (7) _______________ gold and silver, were among the earliest forms

of money. Gold and silver were rare and (8) _______________ make beautiful

jewelry. These metals were convenient (9) ______________ as money because they

could be carried easily and they lasted a long time. For these reasons, people

accepted gold and silver (10) ________________ goods and services.




Rewrite the false sentences as true sentences.

1. People did not use gold and silver as money before 2500 BCE.

True False

_________________________________________________________________

2. The value of an ancient coin depended on its size, its weight, and the material it

was made of.

True False

_________________________________________________________________

3. All ancient coins were marked with the same symbols and words.

True False

_________________________________________________________________

4. In general, coins are used for greater amounts of money than paper notes.

True False

_________________________________________________________________

5. A Chinese trader first observed the use of paper money in Europe.

True False

_________________________________________________________________

6. Today, you can exchange paper money for a fixed amount of gold or silver.

True False

_________________________________________________________________




Read each pair of sentences. Are the meanings the same or different?

1. A barter system provides one way for people to exchange goods and services.

In a barter system, people exchange money for goods and services. _different_

2. In a barter system, each person must have the goods or skills that another person requires.

When two people barter, both traders must have the same goods or skills. _________

3. As early as 9000 BCE, people used grain or cattle as a form of money.

In ancient times, people could buy grain or cattle with money. _________

4. Precious metals, such as gold and silver, were among the earliest form of money.

The earliest forms of money included gold, silver, and other precious metals. _________

5. Gold and silver were rare and could be used to make beautiful jewelry.

Beautiful jewelry could be made from gold and silver, which were plentiful and easy to obtain. _________

6. Gold, silver, and other precious metals were convenient to use as money because they could be carried easily and they lasted a long time.

Precious metals, such as gold and silver, were useful as money because they were portable and durable. _________

7. Around 2500 years ago, societies began to shape gold, silver, and bronze into coins with standardized weights and sizes.

Around 500 BCE, civilizations began to mold precious metals into coins with weights and sizes that determined their value. _________

8. Each city displayed its own distinct symbols on its coins.

Symbols on the coins indicated which city produced the coins. _________

9. The value of early coins was dependent upon the amount of metal they contained, as measured by weight.

People could tell the value of early coins by their size. _________

10. Over time, people began to recognize certain coins as having a specific value, regardless of their weight.

After a while, the value of certain coins came to be recognized, without the need to weigh the coins. _________

11. Paper money was first used in China about 1000 years ago.

The first people to use paper money were the Chinese. Paper money has been used in China since 1000 BCE. _________

12. Today, bank notes cannot be directly exchanged for gold or silver.

You can take paper money to a bank today and you will be given gold and silver in exchange. _________



Language Focus 2

Fill in the missing words. Two words will not be used.

Around 2500 years ago, _societies_ began to shape gold, silver, and (1) ______________

into coins with standard weights and sizes. This way, each (2) ______________ of the

same weight and size would have the same value. Civilizations in India, China, and

Greece all began to make coins out of (3) ______________ metals. The coins were (4)

______________ with symbols or words to(5) ______________ that they were made by

the government. Each city or ruler used its own (6) ______________ for the money it

created.

The value of early coins depended on the (7) ______________ of metal in them, as

measured by weight. Over time, people began to accept coins as having a (8)

______________ value, regardless of their weight. Because of this, governments could

(9) ______________ the amount of precious metal in their coins.

amount valuable marked bronze reduce weight

symbols coin societies exchanged specific prove



MY WRITING

Choose one of the suggested topics or questions, or a similar one that you’d prefer, and write at least two paragraphs on the subject.

1. Would you buy something on credit even when you don’t have any money in the bank?

2. Is it more important to save money for a rainy day, or to spend it before inflation reduces its value?

3. Why is money important to you?

English by the Numbers ▪ Unit 1


Unit 1: Numbers, Fractions and Decimals (Review)

Write out the numerical expression for each of the following numbers, fractions, and decimals. Example: 63,412

Sixty-three thousand four hundred and twelve__ 1. 884,850

2. 1/5

3. .008

4. 695

5. 3 5/16

6. 12.06

7. .5 %

8. 7/8

9. 1,500,000

10. 158,780

Exercises English by the Numbers 1



Unit 2: Operations & Relationships (Review)

Circle or highlight the correct answer.

Example: Which number is equal to the difference between the largest and smallest numbers?

2 4 1 3 5

1. What number is the second largest?

25 301 50 98 10 2. Which number is one-half the largest even number?

25 9 8 12.5 18 3. Which expression represents ten times the difference between a and b?

10 (a + b) 10 a + b 10 (a - b) 4. Which number is 25% more than the smallest number?

12 32 8 16 10 5. Which number is the average of the other four numbers?

40 20 10 25 30 6. Which expression represents half the sum of a and b?

2 (a + b) a + b 2 (a - b) 2 7. Which number is five times the square root of sixteen?

40 4 24 20 12 8. What are the two largest of these six numbers?

2 4 6 8 10 12 9. What is fifty divided by five?

2 4 6 8 10 10. Which expression represents four times a plus three times b?

(4a + 3)b (4+3) (a+b) 4a + 3b 4 (a + 3b)

Exercises English by the Numbers

2



Unit 3: Related Changes (Review)

Match a line graph to each corresponding sentence. Write the letter of the graph on the blank

after the sentence.

1. Both x and y are increasing. _____

2. X improved, but y fell. _____

3. Y dropped even though x rose. _____

4. Y went up, but x stayed constant. _____

5. Y made steady gains even though x remained the same. ____

6. Both x and y increase, but x increases more than y. _____

Exercises English by the Numbers

A. B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

3



Unit 4: Line Graphs

Circle or highlight the best answer to each of the following questions.

Example: What was the unemployment rate at the beginning of 1973?

4% 6% 5% 9%

1. Did the unemployment rate rise or fall during 1974?

rose sharply remained flat fell sharply rose, then fell 2. Was unemployment high or low in 1975?

high low unchanged 3. What happened to unemployment in 1979?

rose sharply remained flat fell sharply rose, then fell 4. What was the lowest unemployment rate between 1976 and 1982?

4% 6% 7% 9% 5. In what year was unemployment just below 8%?

1974 1984 1976 1973 6. During which period did unemployment peak?

1976 to 1977 1979 to 1980 1982 to 1983 1984 to 1985




Unit 5: Bar Graphs

Answer the following questions.

Example: Which region has the highest birthrate? Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest birthrate.

1. What is the birthrate for Asia?

2. Which region has a birthrate of just below 2.0?

3. Which region has the lowest birthrate?

4. Which region has a birthrate slightly higher than Japan’s but lower than Europe’s?

5. What region has the higher birthrate, Japan or the U.S.?

6. Which two regions have about the same birthrate?


New Dynamic English 6 ▪ Unit 1 Life Experiences


Unit 1: Life Experience (Review)

Exercise A

Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb.

Richard (be) is a teacher at a college in England. He (teach)

_________________ science there for the past five years. Before that, for two

years, he (be) _______________ a graduate student at Newton University. At the

same time, he (work) ________________ part-time as a research assistant.

Richard (come) __________________ to England eight years ago. After finishing

his studies in Hong Kong, he (give) ___________________ a grant to study in the

UK. Another reason he (decide) _____________________ to study in the UK was

that he (want) __________________ to be with his girlfriend who (go)

____________________ to London to get a job as a model.

After about two years, Richard and his girlfriend (get married)

____________________. Now they (have) _________________ a five-year-old

son. Altogether, they (live) __________________ in England for eight years.

Exercise B

Rearrange the words to form the correct sentence.

Example: Richard /but now/ /used to / /a graduate student/ /be/ /is/ a science teacher.

Richard used to be a graduate student, but now he is a science teacher.

1. Richard /in Hong Kong/ /but now/ /live/ /used to/ /he lives/ in England.

Richard ________________________________________________ in England. 2. His girlfriend /to get/ /to London/ /came/ /as/ /a job/ a model.

His girlfriend ______________________________________________ a model. 3. Richard /in England/ /living/ /likes/ /enjoys/ /and he/ teaching.

Richard ____________________________________________ teaching.

Exercises New Dynamic English Module 6



Exercise C

Choose （circle or highlight）the correct answer.

1. I used to ____ a lot.

read / reading 2. I didn't use to ____ it, but now I do.

like / liking 3. Where did you use to ____ when you visited?

stay / staying 4. I used to ____ hard when I was a student.

work / working

Exercise D

Make a list of things you did in the past, but you no longer do.

Write five sentences using used to.

Example: I used to take the bus to work, but now I drive my car.

1. ______________________________________________________________ 2. ______________________________________________________________ 3. ______________________________________________________________ 4. ______________________________________________________________ 5. ______________________________________________________________ 6. ______________________________________________________________



Exercise E

Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb.

John (be) is a well-known writer. He (write)

____________________ several books. Four of his books (be)

____________________ best-sellers. Now John (write) ____________________ a

book about the life of Mikhail Gorbachev.

John (like) ___________________ to travel. He (travel) ___________________ to

many parts of the world. When he was eighteen years old, he (go)

__________________ to the US and Canada. A year later he (go)

_________________ to Japan and Korea. Since then, he (go) _________________

to a different country every year.

Now that he (get) __________________ older, John thinks he should (get)

________________ married. Unfortunately, he still (meet, not)

______________________ the right woman for him.

Exercise F

Fill in the blanks with ago, for, since, or after.

Example: John worked for a large company for six years.

1 When John was nineteen, he went to Japan and Korea. _______ then, he has been to a different country every year.

2 Richard has taught science ________ the past five years. 3 Richard and his girlfriend came to England eight years ________. ________

about two years, they got married. 4 They have lived in England ________ almost eight years. 5 Richard came to England eight years _______, ________ finishing his university

studies in Hong Kong.



Reminder

Present Perfect

We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now. The exact time is not important.

Present Perfect + for

Also, we use the present perfect simple to describe the duration ('How long...') of a condition which is still true now.

For example:

I've lived here for eight years. (I still live here now.) He has lived there for almost eight years. (He still lives there.) He has taught there for the past five years. (He still teaches there.)

Exercise G

1. How long have you studied English? __________________________________________________________________ 2. How long has Mary lived there? __________________________________________________________________ 3. Has he been in jail for two years? __________________________________________________________________ 4. Have you lived here for eight years? __________________________________________________________________



Exercise H

Use the passive form of the verb to write a new sentence with the same meaning. Don’t worry about indicating who did the action.

Example: They kicked Jack out of school. Jack was kicked out of school.

1. The police have arrested Jack three times.

____________________________________________________________________

2. They caught Jack and put him in jail.

____________________________________________________________________

3. The publishers rejected John's first book.

____________________________________________________________________

4. The government gave Richard a grant to study in the UK.

____________________________________________________________________

5. That was the first time they arrested him.

____________________________________________________________________

Exercise I

Fill in the blanks with still, yet, already, or anymore

1. Richard got married six years ago. He is _________ married.

2. John ____________ hasn't met the right woman so … 3. He isn’t married __________.

4. Jack used to be married, but he isn't married _____________.

5. Richard's mother died last year but his father is ____________ alive.

6. Richard's family _____________ lives in Hong Kong. 7. John used to work for a large company but he doesn't ____________. 8. John has _________ been to Korea and Japan, but he’s never been to Malaysia.

New Dynamic English 6 ▪ Unit 2 Matrix Vocabulary


Unit 2 - Matrix Vocabulary (Review) Exercise A

Complete each sentence with the correct words or phrases from the box below.

1. Construction workers build ______________ bridges, dams, and highways.

2. Dentists fix our teeth and often _____________ of money.

3. Dentists _____________ earn more than sales clerks.

4. Most department stores have sales clerks ______________ customers buy

things.

5. Scientists often solve difficult problems and study _______________ work.

6. Many high paying jobs require ______________ education.

7. Sales clerks __________________ helpful and polite.

8. Someone who comes to work late and doesn’t work hard might

______________.

9. It’s often hard to _________________ without work experience.

10. If you speak a foreign language, it may help you to find _______________.

(Words and phrases)

almost always things like charge a lot a better job how things a lot of lose their job to help get a job should be



Exercise B

Make a list of occupations and jobs along with the advantages, disadvantages, and qualifications for each.

Example:

Complete the chart:

Occupation Advantage Disadvantage

Construction worker You can learn to be a construction

worker on the job. Constructions workers

sometimes have dangerous jobs.

Occupation Advantage Disadvantage

Doctor

Cook

Restaurant owner

Nurse

Lawyer

Plumber

Architect

Software programmer

Journalist



Exercise C


1. There are many _____________ of animals in a zoo.

2. Professional sports events are _________________ in a large stadium.

3. Tourists usually go to ___________________ places in a city.

4. In most big cities, ___________________ many office buildings.

5. One way to see a city is ____________________ a tour bus around the city.

6. If you don’t like cities, you can always ____________________ and see the

countryside.

7. Some parts of a city are not safe, so you shouldn’t ________________.

8. It’s not fun when you ________________ a restroom when you really need

one.

9. A museum is a good place to go if you want _________________ the history of

a place.

10. A good map will help you ___________________ around a city or country.

(Words and phrases)

the most famous often held to learn about there are go alone different kinds to take find your way can’t find rent a car



Unit 2： Matrix Vocabulary: Exercise D

Oral practice: Places to go.

Make a list of places and describe what goes on at each place.

Example:

Complete the chart:

Places to go What for? What else?

Shopping center

Museums

Residential area

Recreational area

Tourist attraction

Business district

Office buildings

Places to go What for? What else?

Bank

To get a loan

To deposit money



Exercise E

Complete each sentence with the correct words or phrases from the box below. You may use the same word or phrase more than once.

1. The fastest way ____________ a long distance is to

go ______________.

2. Flying is usually more expensive than going _______________.

3. A bus is an inexpensive way ___________ from ____________ to another.

4. Traffic is usually heaviest _____________ rush hour.

5. Many people _____________ to and from work ___________.

6. Buses are an important form of ____________, especially where there are

no planes or trains.

7. Trains travel from station to station and carry many _______________.

8. Taxis are an expensive way to travel, but they are _______________.

9. Some countries have an excellent ______________ system.

10. Subways are _____________ form of transportation.

(Words and phrases)

during one place another transportation convenient by airplane to travel by train commute passengers



Exercise F


1. Men usually wear a shirt and _______________ for

business.

2. For a formal business meeting, men usually wear _______________.

3. A woman’s business suit usually consists of ____________, a blouse, and a

jacket.

4. When you buy a shirt or trousers, you need to know your

_______________.

5. When a man travels, he needs to take several pairs of ________ and

underwear.

6. In some countries, students wear ________________ to school.

7. In order to know your size, you’ll need to _________________.

8. In a department store, you can try on clothes in a ________________ room.

9. If your shoes don’t __________, your feet will hurt.

10. At a hotel, there is usually a ____________________ service for cleaning

your clothes.

(Words and phrases)

fit be measured dressing tie socks a skirt size laundry a suit a uniform



Exercise G


1. Please don’t ______________, but I’ve made a terrible mistake.

2. I am ______________ to hear that you can’t come with us.

3. Reckless drivers make me really _______________.

4. I’m sorry, but _______________ there are no seats left for tonight’s concert.

5. She has a beautiful _______________, doesn’t she?

6. His jokes were so ____________ I couldn’t stop _______________.

7. At the end of the game, the score was close, so it was really

_______________.

8. The little child was all ___________ and ____________ when we found her.

9. We’ll be careful, so please __________________.

10. The roller coaster was so scary that everyone was __________________.

(Words and phrases)

crying funny sorry don’t worry laughing get angry exciting alone smile screaming I’m afraid nervous



ACROSS DOWN

1. the person you go to when you are sick 3. it’s in the restroom; we use it several times a

day 6. black is to white as love is to _____ 10. a place where you can borrow books 11. the past tense of the verb, wear 12. to find your size; to _____ the length 14. you go to school to get a good _____ 16. what you feel when you are angry 17. what you buy to give your friends and family 20. what you feel when you are afraid 22. cars travel on a ____ 23. something you wear on your hands 25. put your ____ on before you put on your

shoes 27. where people go if they are very sick 28. a person who flies an airplane 29. a person who sells things is a _______

1. you go to a ____ when you have a toothache

2. the opposite of in is _____ 4. extreme fear; to scream in ____ 5. we use a ____ to find our way around 7. older people have lots of _____; if you

work, you gain _____ 8. a person on a train or airplane is a ____ 9. a person who practices law 13. the name of our planet 15. where airplanes take off and land 16. if someone is rude to you, you get ____ 18. if your shoes don’t ___, your feet will

hurt 19. what you wear on your feet 21. if someone you love goes away, you feel

___ 24. something you wear when you are cold 25. it won’t fit if it isn’t the right ____ 26. the opposite of under is _____

1 2 3 4

5

6 7 8

9

10

11 12 13

14 15

16 17 18 19

20

21

22 23

24 25 26

27

28 29

New Dynamic English 6 ▪ Unit 3 Comparisons


Unit 3 - Comparisons Exercise A

1990 1920 1880

$2,000 $5,000 $50,000

(a) (b) (c)

Match the violins above with the descriptions below. Write a, b, or c.

Example: a the one on the left

1. _____ the one which was made more than 100 years ago

2. _____ the most expensive violin

3. _____ the violin that costs $3,000 more than the one made in 1990

4. _____ the violin which was made in 1990

5. _____ the one made forty years after the oldest one was made

6. _____ the oldest one

7. _____ the one in the middle

8. _____ the one that costs $2,000

9. _____ the least expensive of the three

10. _____ the second oldest of the three violins

11. _____ the one that costs the least

12. _____ the violin which costs more than the one made in 1920

13. _____ the one that costs less than the violin made in 1920

14. _____ the one that costs less than $10,000 but more than $2,000



Exercise B

Write the comparative and superlative forms of these adjectives:

tall taller, tallest young _________________

short _______________ new _________________

long _______________ small _________________

old _______________

heavy _______________

beautiful _______________

expensive _______________

fast _______________

big _________________

light _________________

strong _________________

thin _________________

difficult _________________

Exercise C

Complete the sentences using the comparative. Example: Barbara is 12. Susan is 7. Barbara is

older than Susan.

1. Susan and Mary are both four feet, four

inches tall.

They are both _____________________________ Barbara.

2. Mary has ____________________ hair _________________ Susan.

3. Susan was born at 6:05. Mary was born at 6:15.

Susan was born _______minutes______________________ Mary. 4. Barbara weighs 95 pounds. She is _______pounds ___________________ Mary.

5. Mary weighs ______________ Barbara and ______________ Susan.



Exercise D

Describe and compare the ages, height and weight of your partners.

Example:

Name Age Height Weight

Pedro 20 6’ 2” 165 lbs

Marta 17 5’2” 95 lbs

Pedro is older and heavier than Marta. Marta is younger and shorter than Pedro. Complete the table below with the names of your friends. Keep in mind these

questions: How much older is X than Y? Who is the heaviest? Who weighs the most? How much heavier is Y than Z? How much taller is X than Y? Is Z as old as X? Who is older than X but younger than Z? How old was Z when X was born? etc.

Name Age Height Approximate Weight

Write a complete sentence about each person based on the information in the table.

____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________



Exercise E

Complete the sentences with the superlative form.

Example: Barbara is taller than Susan and Mary. She is the tallest.

1. The violin made in 1880 is older than the other violins.

It is ____________________________________________.

2. Barbara is heavier than Susan and Mary.

She is __________________________________________ of the three.

3. The violin made in 1880 has a nicer sound than the others.

It has ____________________________________________.

4. Australia has a smaller population than either the U.S. or England.

It has _______________________________________________ of the three

countries.

5. The United States has a larger area than Australia and England.

It has _______________________________________________________.

Comparisons: Exercise F

Circle or highlight the correct choice. Example: The violin on the left is the new / newest .

1. Barbara is tall / taller / the tallest than Susan.

2. Susan isn’t as tall / taller / the tallest as Barbara.

3. Barbara is old / older / the oldest of the three girls.

4. Barbara also weighs more than / the most the other two.

5. Susan doesn’t weigh as much as / as many as Barbara weighs.

6. England is much smaller / smallest than Australia.

7. The US is large / larger than either Australia or England.

8. England has a large / larger population than Australia.



Exercise G

Country Data / Economy / Geographic

1. Find data about 3 countries or cities on such things as: population, geographic size, currency value relative to the dollar, average temperature, etc.

Example:

Country Population Area Climate

Colombia 42,956,000 1,138,910 sq km tropical; cooler in

highlands

1. Complete these charts.

Country Population Area Climate

2. Write the information in the table above.

3. Write a paragraph that compares and contrasts the three countries or cities below. Remember to use connecting words to make the paragraph flow.

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________



Exercise H

Complete the sentences.

Example:

Sydney is 4,800 miles farther

from San Francisco than

New York.

In January, New York is four degrees

colder than London.

1. London is __________________________________ from San Francisco than New York.

2. Sydney is ________________________________ New York in January.

3. San Francisco is ____________________degrees _________________ New York in January.

4. London is 2,800 miles ____________________ to New York _________ to San Francisco.

5. Sydney is _________________________ San Francisco in January.

6. Barbara is five feet, two inches tall. Susan is four foot two.

Barbara is _______________________________________ Susan.

7. Mary is seven years old. Barbara is twelve.

Mary is __________________________________ Barbara.

8. Violin B costs $5,000. Violin A costs $2,000.

Violin B ________________________________________ violin A.

9. Violin C was made in 1880. Violin A was made in 1990.

Violin C is ____________________________________ violin A.

Distances

San Francisco to New York: 2,600 miles

San Francisco to London: 5,400 miles

San Francisco to Sydney: 7,400 miles

Average Temperatures in January

San Francisco: 10° C

New York: 0° C

London: 4° C

Sydney: 21° C



Exercise I

Complete the chart with 5 items that can be compared such as vehicles, dresses, musical instruments, toys, food, appliances, people, etc. Compare the items. Example:

Item Characteristic 1 Characteristic 2 Characteristic 3

Car Fast expensive big

Bicycle slow cheap small

The car is bigger than the bicycle. The bicycle is cheaper than the car, but the car is faster.

Item Characteristic 1 Characteristic 2 Characteristic 3

Write 5 sentences that compare one item to another or one item to all. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________

New Dynamic English 6 ▪ Review Exercises


REVIEW EXERCISES

The following activities are designed to review some of the main language points that are covered and included in the Mastery Tests.

Exercise 1 1. How many times has Jack been arrested?

___________________________________________________________________

2. What happens each time he is arrested? Where did he have to go? ___________________________________________________________________

3. How many times has he been in jail? How many months for each time? ___________________________________________________________________

4. How many years has he been in jail? ___________________________________________________________________

Exercise 2

1. Has John done a lot of traveling? ___________________________________________________________________

2. How old was he when he went abroad for the first time? ___________________________________________________________________

3. Where did he go when he was nineteen? ___________________________________________________________________

4. Since then, has he traveled abroad? ___________________________________________________________________



Exercise 3

1. Can Jack find a job? ___________________________________________________________________

2. Why he can’t find a job? What doesn’t he have? ___________________________________________________________________

3. Why is that not surprising? ___________________________________________________________________

4. What does he wish he could start over? ___________________________________________________________________

Exercise 4

1. What has John written? ___________________________________________________________________

2. What is he writing about now? ___________________________________________________________________

3. He almost gave up, but he didn't. What did he continue doing? ___________________________________________________________________

4. How was his next book? ___________________________________________________________________



Exercise 5: Fill in the blanks

This lesson reviews some of the main grammar points that have been introduced in Units 1-3, such as the passive and present perfect forms of the verb.

Fill in the blank with the verb that makes sense. Make sure that it’s in the right tense as

indicated by the context.

1. He has ______________ several books.

2. He was a top student in Hong Kong, and he ___________ given a grant to study in the UK.

3. The first book he wrote _________________ rejected.

4. Unfortunately, he __________________ met the right woman for him.

5. Altogether, he has ____________ arrested three times.

6. Each time he was arrested, he _____________________ to go to jail.

7. He is tired of getting into trouble, ________ he doesn't know what to do.

8. He wishes he _____________ start his life over.

9. Where did Richard live before ________________ to the UK?

10. Has he ____________ traveled abroad?

11. He _______________ to work for a large company, but he doesn't work there anymore.

12. Jack was arrested _______ the police.

13. Buses are sometimes crowded and uncomfortable, especially _____________ rush hour.

14. Sometimes you need a seat reservation in _____________ to get on a train.

15. Have you ever _______________ in first class on an international flight?

New Dynamic English 7 ▪ Unit 1 Life Choices


Unit 1: Life Choices

Exercise A

Match the description with the picture of the appropriate person.

Harry Joan Joe Sandra ____

a) She used to work at a travel agency. If she had taken the higher paying job, she wouldn't be as happy now.

b) She owns a small printing company. If she sells her company, she will be forced

to make changes. She might have to lay off some employees. c) He and a group of friends are thinking of starting their own translation company.

Though he wishes he could walk, he is looking forward to the future. d) He had to close his cafe. If he invests in the stock market, he might make enough

money to retire.

Exercise B

Complete the sentence with the appropriate word or phrase. Hint: Although both choices may be grammatical, only one is consistent with the stories in the Life Choices lesson.

1. Sandra would never know what she could have done on her own (if, unless) she

had sold her business to the larger company. 2. Joan accepted the job at Ace Health (because, even though) the pay was

low. 3. Another coffee shop opened up across the street. (As a result, Because) , Joe

lost some of his customers. 4. (While, Even though) Joan was working at the travel agency, her

agency was bought by another company. 5. Sandra won't receive 10% of the larger company (if, unless) she agrees to

sell her business. 6. Harry was able to get a job as a translator (because, unless) he was

fluent in five languages.

Exercises New Dynamic English Module 7



Exercise C

Match the sentence from the top of the page with the best sentence ending from the bottom of the page. Write the number of the sentence next to its sentence ending.

1. Had Harry spent his life feeling

sorry for himself… ____

2. Joan wouldn't have been depressed…_____

3. Sandra will have to work harder…____

4. If a coffee shop hadn't opened up across the street…_____

5. Joan took the job at Ace Health…_____

6. If Joe's investments fail…_____

A. . . . Joe might not have had to close his cafe.

B. . . . he wouldn't have been a successful translator.

C. . . . because she wanted a challenge.

D. . . . if they compete against her.

E. . . . he could lose everything.

F. . . . if she hadn't lost her job.

Exercise D

Rewrite the conditional without using if.

Example: Original: If the car hadn't been going so fast, it wouldn't have gone out of control.

Rewrite: Had the car not been going so fast, it wouldn't have gone out of control.

1. If Joan hadn't joined the company, it wouldn't have doubled in size.

_______________________________________________________________________________

2. If the other coffee shop hadn't opened up across the street, Joe might not have

had to close his business. _______________________________________________________________________________

3. If Harry had not studied foreign languages, he would not have been able to

become a translator. _______________________________________________________________________________

4. Joan's job would not have been eliminated if another company hadn't bought

her agency. _______________________________________________________________________________

5. Joan thinks things would not have turned out so well if she hadn't taken a

chance.

_______________________________________________________________________________



Exercise E

Rewrite the conditional using if.

1. Had Joan not liked the idea of working for a small company, she would not have taken the job at Ace Health.

_______________________________________________________________________________

2. Had the factory not had high levels of pollution, it would not have had to reduce

its operations. _______________________________________________________________________________

3. Had Joe's prices been lower, he might not have lost so much business.

_______________________________________________________________________________

4. Had Harry not been injured, he wouldn't have to use a wheelchair.

_______________________________________________________________________________

5. Had Joan not worked so hard, she might not have become a vice-president of the

company.

_______________________________________________________________________________



Conditional

Conditional 1. This type of sentence structure is used for talking about possibilities in the present or in the future.

A first conditional sentence consists of two clauses, an "if" clause and a main clause: Example:

If you study hard, you will pass the test

Conditional 2 This structure is used for talking about unreal situations in the present or in the future.

Like a first conditional, a second conditional sentence consists of two clauses, an "if" clause and a main clause: Example:

If I had a plane I would travel around the world

Conditional 3. The third conditional is used for talking about unreal situations in the past.

Like the other conditionals, a third conditional sentence consists of two clauses, an "if" clause and a main clause: Example:

If she had studied harder She would pass the exam



Conditional

Exercise F

Fill in the blanks using the verbs in brackets in Conditional 1 mode (Use the will-future).

Example: If we _______ (to go) to the cinema, we ________ (to watch) an interesting film.

If we go to the cinema, we will watch an interesting film. 1. If I ___________ (to learn), I ____________(to pass) the exams.

2. We ___________(not/to swim) if the weather _________(to be) bad.

3. If he ________ (to have) a temperature, he ________________(to see)

the doctor.

4. I ___________ (to be) very happy if my friends___________ (to come).

5. If I __________ (to earn) a lot of money, I _________________ (to fly) to New York.

6. If we _________________ (not/to come) home in time, we ____________(to miss) the film.

7. The teacher__________________________ (not/to be) happy if I ______________ (to forget) my homework again.

8. If our class ______________ (to go) to England, I _____________ (to visit) the Tower of London.



Exercise G

Fill in the blanks using the verbs in brackets in Conditional 2 mode.

Example: If we ____ (to go) to the cinema, we _________ (to watch) an interesting film.

If we went to the cinema, we would watch an interesting film. 1. If they __________(to have) enough money, they __________ (to buy) a

new car.

2. If he _______(to be) my friend, I _____________(to invite) him.

3. The Smiths ____________ (to go) on holiday if they __________ (to have) time.

4. If Susan _______(to learn) more, she ____________ (to be) better at school.

5. We __________(to call) the police if we _______________(to see) a burglar.

6. If the pupils ___________ (to have) no school, they ____________ (to play) football.

7. If I ______________ (to come) home early, my father _____________ (not/to be) angry.

8. If I __________(to be) you, I _______________________ (not/to go) to the party.



Exercise H

Fill in the blanks using the verbs in brackets in Conditional 3 mode. Example: If we ________ (to go) to the cinema, we ______________ (to watch) an

interesting film. If we had gone to the cinema, we would have watched an

interesting film. 1. If the weather ____________ (to be) nice, we __________________ (to play)

football.

2. The car _____________________________ (not/to break down) if you __________

(to check) it.

3. If we______________ (to go) to that restaurant we _________________ (to have)

more to eat.

4. You ____________________________(to understand) the film if you ___________

(to read) the book.

5. The water in the pool ___________________________ (to be) warmer if it

____________________ (to be cloudy).

6. If John ____________________ (to learn) more words, he __________ (to write) a

good report.



Exercise I

Language Extension

1. Write about a series of past events in your life, where one event led to another. Example 1: Parents got a new job We moved to another city I changed schools

and met new friends.

Example 2: Watched the Olympics became interested in skiing started skiing won the national.

_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________

_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________

_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________

2. In the above series of events, explain how the events were connected and how strongly they were connected.

Example 3: Even if my parents hadn’t gotten a new job, we might still have moved to

another city. Example 4: She might have become interested in skiing even without watching the

Olympics. She couldn’t have won the national championship without knowing how to ski.

__________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________



Exercise J

1 2 3 4

5 6

7

8 9

10

11

12

13 14 15

16

17

Across

3. It happened while Harry was running.

5. If he hadn't been injured, he________ walk.

6. If he hadn't _____running near a road, he wouldn't have been hit by a car.

7. What Harry used to be.

10. How would Sandra feel if her employees lost their jobs?

11. What did another company do with the agency where Joan was working?

13. What does Harry have to use because of the accident?

15. How many years had Joe run his business?

16. What does Sandra have? She's the owner.

Down

1. If you were Sandra, what _______ you do?

2. If I ____ you I wouldn't do it.

3. Joan used to work in a travel________

4. What was Joan looking for?

7. What is Sandra going to do with their offer?

8. If Sandra accepts their offer, the other company will pay her a high______

9. How do Sandra’s clients feel about her work?

12. If Harry wasn’t injured, he could ________

14. What did Joe use to run? It's a kind of shop.



My Writing

Choose one topic below and then write a passage.

1. If you had three wishes, what would they be, and why?

2. Think of a decision you have to make about the future. Give reasons for and against deciding one way or the other.

3. Choose an important decision that was made by the leadership of your country and how it has affected your life. Explain why you agree or disagree with the decision.

New Dynamic English 7 ▪ Unit 2 Space and Time


Unit 2: Space and Time

Exercise A

Use the following sentences to determine how these characters are arranged below. Only one arrangement fits all of the sentences. One of the blanks will remain empty.

1. None of the adults is in the middle.

2. One of the children is on the far right.

3. Jeff and Jimmy are as far away from each other as possible.

4. If Jeff is on the far left, Kathy is in the middle.

5. The space between Nicole and Kathy is empty.

6. David is next to Jimmy unless Jimmy is in the middle.

7. Except for Sharon, the people on the right are male.

Nicole David Sharon Jeff Jimmy Kathy

Write the name of the characters in the correct order. Write “blank” where no character is appropriate.



Exercise B

Read the short paragraphs and specify the order of events.

a) Sharon had just arrived when Jeff came in the door. By the time Nicole got to work, Jeff had already been working for two hours.

(Specify the order of arrival of the three workers.)

1. 2. 3.

b) Sharon couldn’t leave until after Nicole left. When Sharon left, Jeff was still working.

(Specify the order of departure of the three workers.)

1. 2. 3.

c) Her car had broken down, so she telephoned for a tow truck. Fortunately, it didn’t start to rain until after the tow truck arrived.

(Order the events by giving each one a number.)

She telephoned for the tow truck.

It started to rain.

Her car broke down.

The tow truck arrived.

d) As she was talking on the telephone she realized it was beginning to rain. By the time she got gas, the rain had already stopped.

(Order the events by giving each one a number.)

She got gas.

She was talking on the telephone.

It started to rain.

It stopped raining.



Exercise C

Fill in the blanks with the correct word from the list below each passage.

1. she was driving home, it started to rain. she was low on gas, she

decided to stop for gas. stopping for gas, she noticed that the rain had stopped

and it was beginning to snow. It was snowing when she finally got home.

Fortunately, she had gotten home safely, so she was finally able to relax.

while during since after still already

2. landing at the airport, we took a taxi into the city. we

were traveling along the expressway, I suddenly felt ill. That was I

realized that I had been infected by the virus. From what I had read about the

epidemic, this virus could spread very quickly. If so, I had probably

infected my friend, and the taxi driver as well. I wasn’t sure what to do next. Perhaps it

was best not to wait we got to the hotel to tell them.

while after since when until already

3. my trip I saw many interesting things and ate lots of good food.

Unfortunately, just I got to Athens, my

passport was stolen. I couldn’t leave

without it, I had to change my schedule and go to the embassy. Two days later,

I had a new passport, and I was on my way again. I had a wonderful time!

while during since after until already



My Writing

Please write an article to give clear, step by step, detailed instructions

about how to do something, such as: how to send an email, how to

build a fire without a match or how to install a computer program.

New Dynamic English 7 ▪ Unit 3 Epidemic


Unit 3: Epidemic

Exercise A

Fill in the blank with the expression that best fits the context provided.

1. Sometimes drugs can be used to fight an infection. (For example, As a result)

antibiotics are used to fight common infections such as pneumonia.

2. (Because of, Therefore) the concern that a worldwide epidemic

could break out, medical scientists and public health officials are developing plans to

be prepared for such an event.

3. Like human beings, bacteria and viruses also have the ability to adapt.

(Therefore, For example) , it is very difficult to control

diseases.

4. Diseases don’t stop at the borders between nations.

(Because, Therefore) we need to think and act on a global scale.

5. Some kinds of infection come from viruses.

HIV, (as a result, for example) is a virus.

6. (Unless, If) we work together, we can build a better future.

Exercise B

Fill in the blanks with the form of the verb (present or present perfect) that best fits the context.

Medical science (make) great progress. If your heart (wear out)

, you can get a new one. Modern drugs (make) it easier

to treat a cold or get over the flu. Many diseases (be) now under control or

wiped out entirely.



Exercise C

Fill in the blank with the words in the box.

1. Many diseases, __________ smallpox and pneumonia, are now under control.

2. Smallpox and pneumonia are ________ diseases.

3. Polio, ___________________ is a viral disease ________ attacks the nervous

system.

4. Antibiotics ___________________ treat bacterial infections, __________

pneumonia.

5. Polio is a viral disease __________ has been brought under control.

6. ________________ of infections come from viruses. 7. HIV, ___________________ , is a virus. 8. Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection ________ has killed millions. 9. An antibiotic is ___ ___________ drug. 10. Drugs __________ used to be effective no longer work.

Exercise D

Complete with present perfect (have + V ; have + been + V) Example: Medical science has made (make) great progress.

1. Modern drugs __________________ (make) it easier to treat cold. 2. Better communications and transportation ___________________(gave) us a

global economy. 3. Powerful antibiotics _________ also ____________________ (be/develop). 4. Modernization ______________________________ (increase) the threat of a

global epidemic.

such as, both, for example, are used to, that, some kinds, a type of



Exercise E

The words on the right are examples of the terms on the left. Match the term with its corresponding example.

1. Virus polio 2.

Viral disease

E. coli

3.

Bacteria

antibiotics

4.

Bacterial infection

tuberculosis

5.

Treatment (drug)

HIV

Exercise F

Complete each sentence with the appropriate relative clause below.

1. Polio is a viral disease .

2. Scientists have developed many new drugs .

3. Some drugs, , are no longer effective.

4. Global policies need to be developed as soon as possible.

5. Infections are called viral infections.

(Relative clauses)

(a) . . which used to work

(b) . . that attacks the nervous system

(c) . . which are helping us control the spread of diseases

(d) . . that can help reduce the danger of an epidemic

(e) . . which come from viruses



Exercise G

Fill in the blank with the choice that best completes the sentence.

1. For some diseases is made by using a weakened form of a virus. When

injected into the body, causes the immune system to create antibodies.

antibodies will prevent or fight off infection.

(a) a vaccine (b) the vaccine (c) these (d) some

2. of infection come from viruses. HIV, , is a virus. of

infection come from bacteria.

(a) One kind (b) Some kinds (c) for example (d) Other kinds

3. that diseases were confined to a small area. A deadly epidemic in Europe

quickly spread to South America. Now, , a serious disease could spread

around the world within a few days.

(a) It used to be (b) couldn’t (c) however (d) therefore

4. In the struggle against disease, national boundaries mean nothing. Diseases

don’t stop at the borders between nations. , we need to think and act

on a global scale.

(a) however (b) therefore (c) in order to (d) besides



Present Perfect to express a result

Examples:

1. Medical science has made great progress. 2. Modern drugs have made it easier to treat a cold.

Exercise H

Rewrite the sentences putting the verbs in the correct form of the Present Perfect Simple.

Example: The computer (break down). The computer has broken down.

1. The low cost of producing silicon chips (bring) electronic technology into our

everyday life. ________________________________________________________________________ 2. The diffusion of Internet (make) information transfer even faster than ever before. ________________________________________________________________________ 3. The rapid development of computer technology (make) it difficult to stay updated. ________________________________________________________________________ 4. The lower cost of computers (offer) a greater number of people the possibility

of buying one. ________________________________________________________________________

We use the present perfect to express a past action with a result in the

present or a past action that is in some way still related to the present in

that it continues to influence the present.



Exercise I

Language Extension – Writing Practice 1. Write about a global, national, or local issue of importance. The

presentation should include the following:

a. Statement of the problem or issue: e.g., Pollution, Population,

Bullying, Crime and safety, Global warming, An asteroid hitting

the Earth, Sources of energy, Racism, International relations,

Cloning, Genetic engineering, etc.

Example: Sooner or later, as our Earth travels around the sun, we

are certain to be hit by an asteroid or comet.

b. Illustration or example of the problem to show why it is important:

Example: According to the scientists, if an asteroid a mile in

diameter hit the Earth, it could wipe out all life on

Earth.

c. Consequence of not dealing with the problem and

recommendations for what to do.

Example: Though the probability of this happening soon is very

small, there is a chance that it could happen within

our lifetime. Now that we have the technical

capability, we should begin to prepare for such an

event, etc.

2. Use sources such as the internet, newspaper, or other reference

materials to support your arguments



Use this space:



Exercise J

Complete the sentences using can or could:

1. If your heart wears out, you ________ get a new one.

2. If a kidney fails, you _________ still live and maybe even receive a transplant.

3. Many epidemics in the past were caused by infection that _________ (not) be controlled.

4. Compared to how it used to be, an epidemic ____________spread more quickly now.

5. When travel was slow and difficult, a deadly epidemic _________ (not) spread

quickly.

6. Now, however, a serious disease _____________ spread around the world within a few days.

7. An epidemic __________ be confined more easily in the past.

8. If better solutions aren’t found, there is a real concern that a worldwide epidemic _________break out.

9. Such an epidemic _______________ threaten our survival.

10. I still ____________ (not) remember her name.



Exercise K

Across 5. It has made great progress (...science)

8. Bacterial infection that has killed millions.

9. They are living longer because of changes in technology.

11. Viral disease that attacks the nervous system.

12. It is adaptable.

13. AIDS

14. They don't stop at the borders between nations.

16. We have to do it, in preparing for our future (considering epidemics).

17. It is changing our lives.

18. It continues to grow.

19. A kind of disease. Now it is under control or wiped out entirely.

Down 1. If it wears out, you can get a new one.

2. If it fails, you can still live, and maybe even receive a transplant.

3. If it cannot be controlled, it can cause an epidemic.

4. They will prevent or fight off infection.

6. They are used to treat bacterial infections, such as pneumonia.

7. Sometimes it can be used to fight infection.

10. They occurs when a disease spreads to many people.

15. For some diseases, it is made by using a weakened from a virus. Injected into the body, it causes the immune system to create antibodies.

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My Writing

Choose one topic below and then write a passage.

1. Think about how technology has changed our lives in the past 150 years. Give reasons and examples why you think our lives have gotten better or worse.

2. Think about how technology may change our lives in the next 100 years. What kinds of changes would be good? What kinds of changes would be bad?

3. Explain what the body’s immune system is and how it works to fight off an infection. Use reference materials to find the facts necessary to support your writing.

English for Success student workbook 2º ed.€¦ · DynEd Pro English B2-B2+ Certificate Academic...

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Transcript of English for Success student workbook 2º ed.€¦ · DynEd Pro English B2-B2+ Certificate Academic...