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1. Complete the text about chemistry using the words in the box.

bind charge science

nucleus interactions shape

mass   particles matterdensity substances amounts

ions molecules

Chemistry is the______________ that systematically studies the composition, properties and activity

 _______________ and various elementary forms of________________ .

Chemistry is the study of matter and energy and interactions between them.

Energy has no ______________ or form. Matter is everything that occupies space and has

 _____________._______________refers to the amount of matter in a given amount of space and is defined

the mass per unit of a substance.

The fundamental building block of matter is the atom. It has a_____________at its centre consisting

 protons, which have a positive electrical __________, and neutrons which are uncharged. egative

charged electrons circle around nuclei. There are super!small ______________ inside the protons an

neutrons called "uarks.

Chemical reactions involve_____________________between the electrons of one atom and the electrons

another atom. #toms which have different _____________ of electrons and protons have positive

negative electrical charge and are called__________ __________. $hen atoms _________ together, they c

make larger building blocks of matter called ____________.

2. Choose the correct alternative to complete the definitions.

%. a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being changed is a

  a& inhibitor b& synthesiser c& catalyst

 '. a li"uid that dissolves substances is a

  a& solvent b& solute c& solubility

 (. a substance that allows heat or electricity to go through it is a

  a& conductor b& detector c& condenser 

). a small amount of a substance that is used for scientific tests is a 

a& trace b& sample c& drop

*. a li"uid with another substance dissolved in it, so it has become part of the li"uid is a

a& solution b& dilution c& desiccation

+. a li"uid mied with water or another li"uid to make it less strong is

  a& intact b& soluble c& dilute

3. Match the words with their respective definitions

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a& a system of two or more chemical substances which are

not chemically bound

%. matter 

 b& anything that occupies space and has mass '. substance

c& a substance formed by the combination of elements in

fied proportions to form a new substance by chemical

reactions

(. element

d& a substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler

substances by chemical reactions

). compound

e& a single pure form of matter *. miture

). Read the text and decide if the sentences are true (! or false ("!.

The world-s production of biofuels is set to rise rapidly over the net ten years. This is according to a ne

report by the nited ations /ood and #griculture 0rgani1ation. The report stated that increased globdemand for biofuels will 2boost international trade3 over the net decade. This is because of rising concern

about global warming and the search for alternative energies. 4overnments around the world are desperate

reduce the amount of fossil fuels they use so they can meet their C0' targets. The current record price of oil

fueling the scramble for biofuels. ew biofuel production plants are springing up in developed countries over the world. The race is on to produce clean and economically!friendly biofuels that will provide up to '

 per cent of the energy needs in the ma6or world economie

7iofuels are not without their critics. Many people believe they are a ma6or cause of the current rise in foo prices. Industry analysts disagree and say biofuels make up only five percent of these increases, and th

supply and demand is more to blame. 8owever, it seems that a sharp rise in biofuel production would great

influence food prices. This is because more wheat, seeds, palm oil and sugar would go into making biofueinstead of feeding people and farm animals. There is a danger that food riots could spread across the worl

even to rich countries. 9eople would have cheaper fuel for their cars but more epensive food on store shelve

This would greatly increase the gap between the haves and have!nots. In 0ctober '55:, a nited ationspokesperson called biofuels a ;crime against humanity;.

%. The production of biofuels will more than double over the net decade. T < /

 '. The demand for biofuels will help increase global trade. T < /

 (. 4overnments are etremely keen to replace fossil fuels with biofuels. T < /

 ). There are no critics of biofuels. T < /

 *. #nalysts believe biofuels are a ma6or cause of rising food prices. T < /

 +. It-s possible that food riots might break out in developed countries. T < /

 :. # official said biofuels were a crime against humanity. T < /

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#. $rite down 1% elements from the periodic table&

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