English 200Dr. Jun Zhao

Marshall University Lesson One

What occurs in your mind?

How about now?

Why aren’t you screaming and running away from the class now?

The pictures and the words only represent the meaning/concept

They are not the same as the real thing

Have you ever seen the thing “tiger”?

You might have seen A tiger, one specific realization of the group “tiger”

The word “tiger” means much more than any specific realization of it

“tiger” -------- abstract meaning category

Word is a sign for abstract concept

Semiotics and Sign Signifier ---- various, particular

forms of expression such as picture, words, sounds

Signified the meaning

conveyed, the concept related

Ferdinand de Saussure

Arbitrariness of linguistic signs Le Tigre El tigre Der tiger Namir(on) Baagh 호랑이 虎 tora 虎 hu Chuwi

Arbitrary? Cutie Doggie Kitty Birdie puppy Sweetie

Why do they all end with the /i/ sound?

Examiner-examinee Interviewer-

interviewee Tester-testee Advisor-advisee Trainer-trainee Kidnapper-kidnapee Employer-employee

Why the contrast here?

United Airline According to arrival data recently

published in the U.S. DOT Air Travel Consumer Report, United ranked highest in on-time performance for domestic scheduled flights as measured by the U.S. DOT (flights arriving within 14 minutes of scheduled arrival time) for the period January 1 through December 31, 2009, and also for the 12 months ending June 2010, when compared to America's largest global carriers: American, Continental, Delta and US Airways, based on available seat miles.

What information do you remember now? Why do they choose such a strategy? Pay

attention to the time period here. What is the function of the DOT data? What data is missing here? Why?

What words can be grouped together? What sentence structures are used? Where?

Why?

Qs:

What information is presented here? For what purposes? Why is that strategy chosen?

Why are McDonald’s and Burger King used here? Where do the resources provided here?

What is your impression of Subway food? Can you find the word “healthy” here?

What words can be grouped together? What sentence structures are used here?

Qs:

Suzuki ad 7 seats, real 4x4 technology,

2.7 litre V6 engine. Everything about the new Grand Vitara XL-7 is impressive. It can take you, and six others, to locations near and far, on or off-road. XL-7, the perfect way to transport seven, by 4x4. To confirm your first impressions, call for an information pack on 01892 707007 or visit www. Suzuki.co.uk.

What information is presented here? Why? How does the word “real” make you feel? What linguistic contrasts are seen here? What words help you to get the impression?

Qs:

Bourn-vita ad HERE are two ‘scientific sleep’ tips to

try out to-night. See how much better they make you feel in the morning!

1. Whatever your worries- think of something that makes you feel happy for at least half-an-hour before bedtime every night. Troubled sleep is unhealthy sleep.

2. Make a ‘nightcup’ of Bourn-vita a regular habit- it will soothe you, help digestion and calm your whole body. Start taking these two hints to-night- and you’ll find they make a world of difference to your pep and go.

How likely are we going to encounter such an ad nowadays? Why or why not?

How do number 1 and 2 relate back to “two ‘scientific sleep’ tips”? How does that change your perception of tip #2?

What types of sentence structures are used here? For what results?

Qs:

So what is the agenda that we are carrying through? It is to modernize our country, so that, in the face of future challenges, intense and profound for us and like nations, we are able to provide opportunity and security for all; not for an elite; not for the privileged few; but for all our people, whatever their class, color or creed. It is to build on the platform of economic stability, the modern knowledge economy with the skills, dynamism, technological and scientific progress a country like Britain needs. It is to put on top of the major investment in schools and the NHS, the quality and standards of service people expect today and on the basis of equity not wealth. It is to set the goal of eradicating child poverty and march steadily over time to achieving it as we have begun to do. It is why we understand that providing security is our duty and realize that to try to fight the new security threats of the twenty-first century without the laws and the resources that are needed, would be an abrogation of that duty.

Speech by Tony Blair

What features make it typically a political speech?

How is it structured? How does that structure enhance the message?

How is each agenda presented linguistically? What information is fore-grounded?

Qs:

Adobe and its suppliers do not and cannot warrant the performance or results you might obtain by using the software. Except for any warranty, condition, representation or term to the extent to which the same cannot or may not be excluded or limited by law applicable to you in your jurisdiction, Adobe and its supplies make no warranties conditions, representations, or terms (express or implied whether by statute, common law, custom, usage or otherwise) as to any matter including without limitation noninfringement of their party rights, merchantability, integration, satisfactory quality, or fitness for any particular purpose. The provisions of Section 6 and Section 7 shall survive the termination of this Agreement, howsoever caused, but this shall not imply or create any continued right to Use the Software after termination of this Agreement.

Adobe license agreement

Patient vs. doctor I had- you now what- one day I was in the

subway and I had such terrible pain in the heart, just like- it was at night and I stood there and I didn’t say nothing. Here I –oh my God- but the pain, the pain was terrible, I never had such a pain. So the girls must have noticed-they get up, the train stopped, and they said, ‘Is anybody on this train not feeling well’- like that- and I didn’t open my mouth, I kept quiet the pain was terrible. So, I went down, I had a little business to do on Wall Street, so I made it. I went to Wall Street but I sat down. But the man in the cashier he says, ‘Miss, you all right?’ I says, ‘Yes, I’m all right’, and I still wasn’t, I said I didn’t want to go no ambulance and doctors I mean hospitals…

Doctor: HP: 87 yo W w/hx/o A fib x yrs, CAD, for routine f/u. Rare CP not assoc w/exertion relieved By NTG…

A+P: 1. AF: check echo, Rate OK on dig

2. CP: Very atypical. Continue NTG prn