Engleski Jezik IV Stepen 18. Cas

7/27/2019 Engleski Jezik IV Stepen 18. Cas

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Engleski jezik IV stepen

20. cas


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In this presentation we shall practicesome segments and important parts in

grammar. Lets start with tenses andcompare Present Perfect Simple andContinuous Tenses:


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Present Perfect Simple

For an action which has

just finished. Theyhavejustmadeacake. Someonehaseatenmy sandwich.(There is nothing left,

someone ate the wholesandwich.)

To put an emphasis (zanaglaavanje) onnumber, amount,times...He haspainted six pictures.He has made somecoffee. How much

coffee have youmade?


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Usually with these time expressions:'ever', 'never', 'already', 'just', ''still','yet': Ivealreadydoneit. Ivejustfedthe baby.

With non-continuous verbs:1. Verbs of senses: see, hear, feel,

taste, smell2. Verbs of perception: know,

remember, forget, understand,

notice, realise, seem, sound, think3. Verbs which express like/dislike: love,

like, hate, dislike, enjoy4. Other verbs such as: include, matter,

need, belong, cost, prefer, mean,own, appear, believe, want, have

Note: Some of these may have a

continuous form, but then theyusually have a different, or slightlydifferent meaning (drugaije, ili zanijansu drugaije znaenje):Shehasbeen thinkingabout selling herhouse. (Razmiljala je o tome)


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Present Perfect Continuous

For an action which started inthe past and continues up to

the present. Shehas beenteaching for six years.(She began working as ateacher six years ago andshe still teaches.)Someonehas been eatingmy

sandwich. (There issomething left, maybe a halfof it).

To put an emphasis on duration(trajanje). Hehas beenmakingcoffee all morning.

Shehas been paintingfor 10years.

How longhaveyoubeenpainting?


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Usually with these timeexpressions: all, all of.Ivebeen writingall morning.Ive been goingto the

beach all my life.Note: Both PPS and PPC can be

used with for and since.

For an action that frequentlyrepeated:

Jimhas been phoningJillevery night for the past

week.For an action whose results are

visible (vidljivi) in

thepresent.

Your hands are dirty. Haveyoubeen workingin the

garden.The streets are wet. Hasit

been raining?Why are you so red? Ihave

been sunbathing.


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We can often use both the simple and thecontinuous form interchangeably (i

jedan i drugi oblik), the difference issubtle (to znai: obratite panju nakontekst!):


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Ive waitedfor himfor three hours.

Means: I startedwaiting for himthree hours ago andI may continue to

wait for him.

Ive been waitingforhim for three hours.

Means: the same asPresent Perfect, butalso suggests thatthree hours is a long

time to wait!


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Theyve gotengaged. Theyhavent datedverylong.

Means: theystopped dating (andgot engaged) in therecent past.

Theyve gotengaged?! Theyhavent beendatingvery long!Means: the same assimple, but alsosuggests that they

didnt date longenough before theygot engaged!


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Ihave goneto church.Means: Ive gone tochurch recently.

Ihavent playedtennis.Means: Ive neverplayed tennis in my life not even one time!You can add ever.

Ihave been goingtochurch.Means: In the past, I

didnt usually go tochurch, but now I gothere routinely.

Ihavent been playingtennis.

Means: I usually playtennis, but recently ithasnt been possible forme to do it.


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Exercises: I Present Perfect Simple or Present Perfect Continuous: 1. You look tired! Yes I ________________________ (work) very hard. 2. Where's the magazine I gave you? What ________________________ (you do)

with it?

3. We ________________________ (have) the same car for twelve years. 4. This room was white. Now it is blue. He ________________________ (paint) it. 5. This is the first time I ________________________ (drive) a car. Thanks for

lending me your car. 6. Sorry I'm late. ________________________ (you wait) long? 8. Somebody ________________________ (steal) my keys. They are not on the

table. 9. Mary is still watching TV. She ________________________ (watch) TV all day.

10. Look! Somebody ________________________ (spill) wine on the floor. 11. I ________________________ (not see) him since Monday. 12. I ________________________ (know) him for a long time. 13. I ________________________ (climb) quite a lot of mountains. 14. How many pages of the homework ________________________ (you do)?


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II Prepositions of time:

1. World War I and World War II were _____ the 20th century. at for in into on 2. We sent a lot of postcards _____ Easter. at in into on since

3. I woke up _____ the middle of the night. in of on since to 4. I slept a lot _____ Saturdays. for in of on to 5. They broadcast _____ Monday evenings. for in into of on 6. I went swimming _____ the evenings. since on into in at 7. They both were born _____ 9th May. onto on into in at 8. I woke up _____ midnight exactly. at for in on since 9. He was a very popular singer _____ the 1980s. at for in on to 10. What did you do _____ the weekend? at in of on to


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11. He came _____ quarter to twelve. on in for during at 12. I felt very tired _____ Christmas day. at for in into on 13. I broke my leg _____ December.

for in into on since 14. She was born _____ 1968. at for in on since 15. We always visited our parents _____ Christmas. at beyond in on to 16. I sang and danced _____ my birthday. at in into on to 17. It rained a lot _____ the spring. at in on through to 18. I drove a car _____ the morning. at in inside on up 19. I got up _____ six o'clock. at during in on through


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20. I saw you _____ Thursday. over on into in at III Ken: Hey, Jerry! When are you going to Europe?

Jerry: I arrive in Munich ____ April 23rd.

Ken: Wow! I'll be in Munich ____ the same day! Ken: When does your flight arrive?

Jerry: _____ 8:00 in the morning. Ken: Do you want to meet for lunch?

Jerry: Sure! I'll meet you _____ noon at the Hofbrau Haus. Ken: How long will you be in Munich?

Jerry: About a week. I'm going to Turkey ____ May. What about you? Ken: I'm going to Estonia ____ May 6th. Jerry: When are you returning to the United States?

Ken: I'll be back ___ the fall. Jerry: Me too! When is your flight?

Ken: It's____ September 28th. Jerry: Me too! When do you arrive in San Francisco?

Ken: My flight lands ____ 5:00 PM. Jerry: My flight arrives___ 4:45. I'll meet you in the airport bar. Maybe we can share a taxi.


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GRAMMAR MODAL VERBS OF PROBABILITY Rewrite the following sentences using modal verbs of probability: I am sure she travels a lot. She is a tourist guide. __________________________________________________________________

I am sure he is watching TV. He isnt in his room. __________________________________________________________________ 3. I am sure she isnt at home. The phones ringing but shes not answering the phone. __________________________________________________________________ 4. I am sure he is not listening to you. He seems rather absent-minded. __________________________________________________________________ I always meet him at the bus stop. Maybe he lives in my neighbourhood. __________________________________________________________________


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She is so reserved. Maybe she doesnt speak English. __________________________________________________________________ There are some people in the street. Maybe something interesting is happening at the

moment. __________________________________________________________________

I saw her with a good-looking man. I am sure he was her fianc. __________________________________________________________________ She bought villa and an expensive car. I am sure she inherited the fortune from her

aunt. __________________________________________________________________ He left a goodbye note on a kitchen table. I am sure he didnt love his wife any more. __________________________________________________________________ She was really nice when you met her. Maybe she tried to make it up with you.

___________________________________________________________________ He didnt find his wallet. Maybe he didnt look for it in his office. ____________________________________________________________________


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Transform the sentences using an appropriate modal verb and present or past infinitive: 1 He looks very tired. It is possible that he has worked hard. ________________________________________________________________________ 2 He was standing right next to you. I am sure you saw him. ________________________________________________________________________ 3 He was here a moment ago. Its impossible that he has gone far. ________________________________________________________________________ 4 She ran straight in front of the car. I am sure that she didnt see it coming. ________________________________________________________________________ 5 He went to Siberia on holiday. I am absolutely sure that he had a dreadful holiday. ________________________________________________________________________ 6 Theyve got four houses. I am sure that they are rich. ________________________________________________________________________ 7 I dont know where she is. Perhaps shes having a shower. ________________________________________________________________________ 8 I cant believe that he is going out with her. ________________________________________________________________________ 9 We are convinced that he made a mistake. ________________________________________________________________________


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TRANSLATE: a) 1. The ETC hoped to win a good share of the UK market. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Cigarettes in Britain are a 12 billion industry in which four companies control 95% of the market. ____________________________________________________________________________________

3. The ETC cant afford to advertise like the big companies. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4. BJ Cunnigham has been telling us about Death cigarettes since he started his Enlightened Tobacco

Company in 1991. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5. He wears black cowboy clothes and has a fondness for classic Harley-Davidson motorbikes, which he

has been riding for the past 15 years. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6.My instructors have been telling me for years that I would never pass, but I was determined to prove

them wrong. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 7. Ive been praying for a driving-licence for over half my life, and at last my prayers have been answered. ____________________________________________________________________________________


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b) 1. Oi su ti crvene. Da li si plakala? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Ona je sreno udata ve 20 godina. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. U ovoj firmi radim 15 godina. Sada razmiljam o tome da naem novi posao. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Tvoj engleski je odlian. Koliko dugo ga ve ui? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Ulice su mokre. Da li je padala kia? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6. On je posjetio dosta zemalja u poslednjih nekoliko godina. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 7. Koliko vjebi si uradio danas? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 8. Ove nedelje su se posvaali pet puta. ____________________________________________________________________________________


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9. To je najbolja knjiga koju sam ikada proitao. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 10. ekam te ve pola sata! Gdje si bio? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 11. Pol i Ana su se upoznali u ljeto 1992. Dakle, oni su prijatelji ve 15 godina. ____________________________________________________________________________________

12. Moj mu i ja se odlino slaemo i rijetko se svaamo. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 13. Vjebam ve nedeljama, ali to mi nije pomoglo. Nimalo nisam smrao! ____________________________________________________________________________________ 14. Na posao idem autom. Obino mi treba 20 minuta. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 15. Iscrpljen sam! Radim itavi dan i jo nisam zavrio. ____________________________________________________________________________________

Engleski Jezik IV Stepen 18. Cas

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