Engendering Research in LIVES Value Chain Development Interventions
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Transcript of Engendering Research in LIVES Value Chain Development Interventions
Engendering Research in LIVES Value Chain Development Interventions
Ephrem Tesema and Kathleen Colverson March 26-28, 2013
Addis Ababa/ ILRI Campus
Outline
• Why engender research in LIVES?
• How does LIVES gender work intersect with ILRI’s CG research plan on Livestock and Fish?
• Research approaches to incorporating gender in all VC /Commodity work
• Concluding Remarks/Questions
Why “engender” research?
• In many countries, women make up a larger percentage of the agricultural labor
• Women participate along the entire agricultural value chain, contributing as producers, distributors, processors, storers, and marketers, as well as, being responsible for feeding their families
Women, on average, comprise 43% of the agricultural labor force in developing countries and account for an estimated two-thirds of the world’s 600 million poor livestock keepers.
Farming First (http://www.farmingfirst.org/women)
FEMALE SHARE OF THE AGRICULTURAL LABOR FORCE
FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS
Farming First (http://www.farmingfirst.org/women)
A significant share of households in all regions are headed by women, yet their access to productive resources and services are limited.
WOMEN FACE “GENDER CONSTRAINTS”
Women have:
• Less access to land, less money to buy land, using more borrowed or illegal land
• Fewer head of livestock than male-headed households
• Higher number of orphans living in female-headed households than male headed
USAID, 2003
GENDER CONSTRAINTS AND PRODUCTIVITY
• Fewer agricultural inputs, such as improved seed and fertilizer, used by female-headed households
• Less access to extension services and improved technologies
CLOSING THE “GENDER GAP” FOR AGRICULTURE
State of Food and Agriculture FAO 2011
Could increase yields on farms by 20 – 30 percent which…
Could raise total agricultural output in developing countries 2.5
– 4 percent which…
Could reduce the number of hungry people in the world by 12
– 17 percent
CRP 3.7 Livestock and Fish Gender Outcome and Outputs
Outcome:
“Poor women, men and marginalized groups have improved and more equitable access to affordable animal source foods through gender equitable interventions”
http://livestock-fish.wikispaces.com/Gender+and+Learning
CRP 3.7 Gender Outputs:
Output 1: Increased gender capacity within CG, partner
organizations, and value chain actors to diagnose and
overcome gender based constraints within value chains
Output 2: Strategies and approaches developed through
which women and marginalized groups improve the
nature and level of participation in livestock and fish
value chains
CRP 3.7 Gender Outputs (Continued):
Output 3: Strategies and approaches that increase
women and marginalized groups entitlement to
access markets and control resources, technologies,
labor, power and the benefits of their work
Output 4: Strategies and approaches to promote
increased level and equity in animal source food
consumption within poor households
LIVES Gender Objectives
To increase equity of gender roles in value chain nodes and chain governance of high value livestock commodities and irrigated crops
To increase gender sensitive knowledge management and capacity building interventions in high value livestock commodities and irrigated crops
To ensure gender sensitive approaches are used by LIVES’s research and development partners
Gender Sensitive Research Steps in Value Chain Development
• Map Gender Roles & Relationships along the VC
• Identify gender constraints along the VC
• Assess the consequences of the gender constraints
• Identify and implement actions to overcome
constraints
• Carry out Action Research
• Measure outcomes of implementations
Integrating Gender in Agricultural VC 1. Mapping
Gender Roles and Relations along the VC
2. Moving from
Gender inequality
to Constraints
3. Assessing the Consequences of
Constraints
4. Taking Action
5. Action Research
6.Measuring Outcomes
Source: Adopted from Gender Equitable Opportunities in Agricultural Value Chains, USAID, 2010
Gender sensitive knowledge management and capacity building research approach
• Identify formal/informal institutions involved in brokering knowledge and capacity development
• Identify knowledge and capacity development methods used by different institutions
• Identify knowledge magt/capacity building institutions and methods that ensure access for men and women
• Identify constraints and its implications on gender• propose gender sensitive knowledge/capacity
development intervention• Action Research• Measuring the outcomes of the intervention/action
Gender sensitive Knowledge Management and capacity building Research outputs/outcomes
• Diagnostic research output
– Role of informal institutions/farmer to farmer in
knowledge sharing by and for women
– Couples training
– Involvement of young family members in FHH
• Action research
Final Remarks
• The VC for all types of High value commodities should be seen through a gender lens while research agenda is set for LIVES
• Gender sensitive diagnostic and action research need to give insight on innovative ways of Knowledge Management and Capacity building interventions