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ENG101B: Freshman English

Parts of an Essay

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Objectives Learn to identify the parts of an essay Learn to support the thesis statement with

supporting paragraphs. Learn to write a supporting paragraph with a

topic sentence, and then specific evidence that support the point.

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Do you know, an essay is like a sandwich?

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Activity Read the essay, “The Hazards of Movie-

going” (p.114 – 115). Compare it with the essay diagram. Go over the exercises on pages 116 – 117.

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Outlining a 5-Paragraph

EssayThe Hazards of Moviegoingadapted from an essay by John Langan

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Introduction    I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.

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How does the author:

- Provide background information?- Create a sense of importance? (Hint: he makes only an implication of its importance)

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How does the author provide background, create importance?

Introduction

I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.

I. Introductiona.Background: ________b.Significance: ________c.Thesis: _____________

i. ________________ii.________________iii.________________

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How does the author provide background, create importance?

Introduction

I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.

I. Introductiona.Background: ________b.Significance: ________c.Thesis: _____________

i. ________________ii.________________iii.________________

22 April 2023 11

How does the author provide background, create importance?

Introduction

I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.

I. Introductiona.Background: He is a

movie enthusiastb.Significance: ________c.Thesis: _____________

i. ________________ii.________________iii.________________

22 April 2023 12

How does the author provide background, create importance?

Introduction

I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.

I. Introductiona.Background: He is a

movie enthusiastb.Significance: Watching

movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant (presents a problem to be solved)

c.Thesis: _____________i. ________________ii.________________iii.________________

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What are the 3 prongs of the thesis?

 

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What are the 3 prongs of the thesis?

Introduction

I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.

I. Introductiona. Background: He is a movie

enthusiastb.Significance: Watching

movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant

c. Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of

i. ________________ii.________________iii.________________

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How does the author provide background, create importance?

Introduction

I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.

I. Introductiona. Background: He is a movie

enthusiastb.Significance: Watching

movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant

c. Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of

i. ________________ii.________________iii.________________

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What are the 3 prongs of the thesis?

Introduction

I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.

I. Introductiona. Background: He is a movie

enthusiastb.Significance: Watching

movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant

c. Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of

i. the problems in getting to the theater

ii._________________iii._________________

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What are the 3 prongs of the thesis?

Introduction

I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.

I. Introductiona. Background: He is a movie

enthusiastb.Significance: Watching

movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant

c. Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of

i. the problems in getting to the theater

ii._________________iii._________________

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What are the 3 prongs of the thesis?

Introduction

I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.

I. Introductiona. Background: He is a movie

enthusiastb.Significance: Watching

movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant

c. Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of

i. the problems in getting to the theater

ii. the theater itselfiii.________________

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What are the 3 prongs of the thesis?

Introduction

I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.

I. Introductiona. Background: He is a movie

enthusiastb.Significance: Watching

movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant

c. Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of

i. the problems in getting to the theater

ii. the theater itselfiii.________________

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What are the 3 prongs of the thesis?

Introduction

I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.

I. Introductiona. Background: He is a movie

enthusiastb.Significance: Watching

movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant

c. Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of_

i. the problems in getting to the theater

ii. the theater itselfiii.the behavior of some

patrons

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Set Up the Body Paragraphs

 

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I. Introductiona. Background: He is a movie enthusiastb. Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasantc. Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of

i. the problems in getting to the theaterii. the theater itselfiii.the behavior of some patrons

II. Body 1: a. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________d. _______________________________________________________e. _______________________________________________________f. _______________________________________________________

III. Body 2: a. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________d. _______________________________________________________

IV. Body 3: a. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________d. _______________________________________________________

V. Conclusion:a. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________

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I. Introductiona. Background: He is a movie enthusiastb. Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasantc. Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of

i. the problems in getting to the theaterii. the theater itselfiii.the behavior of some patrons

II. Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theatera. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________d. _______________________________________________________e. _______________________________________________________f. _______________________________________________________

III. Body 2: a. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________d. _______________________________________________________

IV. Body 3: a. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________d. _______________________________________________________

V. Conclusion:a. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________

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I. Introductiona. Background: He is a movie enthusiastb. Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasantc. Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of

i. the problems in getting to the theaterii. the theater itselfiii.the behavior of some patrons

II. Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theatera. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________d. _______________________________________________________e. _______________________________________________________f. _______________________________________________________

III. Body 2: a. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________d. _______________________________________________________

IV. Body 3: a. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________d. _______________________________________________________

V. Conclusion:a. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________

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I. Introductiona. Background: He is a movie enthusiastb. Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasantc. Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of

i. the problems in getting to the theaterii. the theater itselfiii. the behavior of some patrons

II. Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theatera. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________d. _______________________________________________________e. _______________________________________________________f. _______________________________________________________

III. Body 2: Problems of the theater itselfa. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________d. _______________________________________________________

IV. Body 3: a. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________d. _______________________________________________________

V. Conclusion:a. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________

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I. Introductiona. Background: He is a movie enthusiastb. Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasantc. Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of

i. the problems in getting to the theaterii. the theater itselfiii.the behavior of some patrons

II. Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theatera. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________d. _______________________________________________________e. _______________________________________________________f. _______________________________________________________

III. Body 2: Problems of the theater itselfa. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________d. _______________________________________________________

IV. Body 3: a. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________d. _______________________________________________________

V. Conclusion:a. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________

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I. Introductiona. Background: He is a movie enthusiastb. Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasantc. Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of

i. the problems in getting to the theaterii. the theater itselfiii.the behavior of some patrons

II. Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theatera. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________d. _______________________________________________________e. _______________________________________________________f. _______________________________________________________

III. Body 2: Problems of the theater itselfa. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________d. _______________________________________________________

IV. Body 3: Behavior of patronsa. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________d. _______________________________________________________

V. Conclusion:a. _______________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________

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Body Paragraph 1

    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.

I. Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater

a. _____________________b. _____________________c. _____________________d. _____________________e. _____________________f. _____________________

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What is the Topic Sentence?

    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.

I. Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater

a. _____________________b. _____________________c. _____________________d. _____________________e. _____________________f. _____________________

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What is the Topic Sentence?

    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.

I. Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater

a. _____________________b. _____________________c. _____________________d. _____________________e. _____________________f. _____________________

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What are the Supporting Details?

    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.

I. Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater

a. _____________________b. _____________________c. _____________________d. _____________________e. _____________________f. _____________________

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What are the Supporting Details?

    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.

I. Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater

a. _____________________b. _____________________c. _____________________d. _____________________e. _____________________f. _____________________

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What are the Supporting Details?

    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.

I. Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater

a. comfort of home v. uncomfortable weather

b. _____________________c. _____________________d. _____________________e. _____________________f. _____________________

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What are the Supporting Details?

    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.

I. Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater

a. comfort of home v. uncomfortable weather

b. _____________________c. _____________________d. _____________________e. _____________________f. _____________________

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What are the Supporting Details?

    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.

I. Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater

a. comfort of home v. uncomfortable weather

b. driving and parkingc. _____________________d. _____________________e. _____________________f. _____________________

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What are the Supporting Details?

    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.

I. Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater

a. comfort of home v. uncomfortable weather

b.driving and parkingc. _____________________d._____________________e. _____________________f. _____________________

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What are the Supporting Details?

    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.

I. Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater

a. comfort of home v. uncomfortable weather

b.driving and parkingc. linesd._____________________e. _____________________f. _____________________

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What are the Supporting Details?

    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.

I. Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater

a. comfort of home v. uncomfortable weather

b.driving and parkingc. linesd._____________________e. _____________________f. _____________________

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What are the Supporting Details?

    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.

I. Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater

a. comfort of home v. uncomfortable weather

b.driving and parkingc. linesd.sold out showse. not sitting togetherf. people cutting in line

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With a partner, outline Body Paragraph 2

    Once you have made it to the box office and gotten your tickets, you are confronted with the problems of the theater itself. If you are in one of the run-down older theaters, you must adjust to the musty smell of seldom-cleaned carpets. Escaped springs lurk in the faded plush or cracked leather seats, and half the seats you sit in seem loose or tilted so that you sit at a strange angle. The newer twin and quad theaters offer their own problems. Sitting in an area only one-quarter the size of a regular theater, moviegoers often have to put up with the sound of the movie next door. This is especially jarring when the other movie involves racing cars or a karate war and you are trying to enjoy a quiet love story. And whether the theater is old or new, it will have floors that seem to be coated with rubber cement. By the end of a movie, shoes almost have to be pried off the floor because they have become sealed to a deadly compound of spilled soda, hardening bubble gum, and crushed Ju-Ju-bes.

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With a partner, outline Body Paragraph 2

I. Body 2: _______________________a. ___________________________b. ___________________________c. ___________________________d. ___________________________

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What is a topic sentence?

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The topic sentence The topic sentence is the main-idea

sentence. It is the most general and most important sentence of the paragraph.

The topic: what the paragraph is about The controlling idea: the writer’s attitude

or idea about the topic.

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Activity Identify the topic sentence in the exercise. Then, underline the topic and circle the

controlling idea in each set.

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Support The support in a paragraph explains or

develops the topic sentence. The supporting part can be narratives,

details, facts, examples, explanation, or statistics.

All of the support relates to the main idea stated in the topic sentence and shows why the topic sentence is true.

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Example Topic sentence: Parents can help their children

be successful in school by encouraging them. Support:(1) Parents can encourage children by reminding

them to do their homework.(2) Parents can encourage children by buying them

books and tapes to help them learn.(3) Parents can encourage children by rewarding

them.

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Find the topic sentence and support (x4) below.

The internet is a very useful tool for college students. For example, students can learn about different cultures. They can have a friend in China and compare cultures using email. As a result, they can understand and appreciate other cultures better. If they have a math problem, they can easily find a tutor or help on the internet. Students who want to learn a different language can find places where they can listen to tapes to simulate a teacher. If they have to do a research paper on a specific topic, all they have to do is go to the internet and they will find the information instantly. The internet is useful to college students in many ways.

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Find the topic sentence and support (x4) below.

The internet is a very useful tool for college students. For example, students can learn about different cultures. They can have a friend in China and compare cultures using email. As a result, they can understand and appreciate other cultures better. If they have a math problem, they can easily find a tutor or help on the internet. Students who want to learn a different language can find places where they can listen to tapes to simulate a teacher. If they have to do a research paper on a specific topic, all they have to do is go to the internet and they will find the information instantly. The internet is useful to college students in many ways.

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Write three possible sentences of support that could be included in a paragraph. Topic sentence: Parents can help their

children succeed in school by offering financial support.

Support:______________________________Support:______________________________Support:______________________________

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Write three possible sentences of support that could be included in a paragraph. Topic sentence: Using a cell phone while

driving is dangerous.Support:_____________________________Support:_____________________________Support:_____________________________

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Write three possible sentences of support that could be included in a paragraph. Topic sentence: Watching TV is a good

way to learn spoken English.Support:______________________________Support:______________________________Support:______________________________

22 April 2023 52

Activity Work in small groups. By using the essay outline I introduced today, write an

essay outline for one of the following topics (opening remarks+thesis statement in the intro; topic sentence+specific evidence in each body paragraph; conclusion):

1. Teenagers and Stress 2. Privacy and the Computer3. High-speed Trains in China4. Television Advertising5. The 3+3+4 Education Reform in HK