Eng. Maher Matta EGYPT - Smart Energy International Matta.pdfEng. Maher Matta EGYPT. Abstract Today...
Transcript of Eng. Maher Matta EGYPT - Smart Energy International Matta.pdfEng. Maher Matta EGYPT. Abstract Today...
Eng. Maher Matta
EGYPT
Abstract
Today energy saving has become the most important target in Today energy saving has become the most important target in
electric utilities all over the world especially in developing electric utilities all over the world especially in developing
countries. The losses and the random increase of load in power countries. The losses and the random increase of load in power
distribution networks are the most important reasons for blockindistribution networks are the most important reasons for blocking g
access to this objective in these countries.access to this objective in these countries.
Today also power measurement applications demand that energy Today also power measurement applications demand that energy
meters be both intelligent and powerful to satisfy these meters be both intelligent and powerful to satisfy these
challenges that face the ELECTRIC UTILITES. Accurate energy challenges that face the ELECTRIC UTILITES. Accurate energy
measurement for Commercial, Industrial and Residential measurement for Commercial, Industrial and Residential
applications in different tariffs besides information needed forapplications in different tariffs besides information needed for
improving non technical losses, controlling the random improving non technical losses, controlling the random
indiscriminate increase in the electricity distribution network indiscriminate increase in the electricity distribution network
load, improving customer service and planning for future can load, improving customer service and planning for future can
easily be achieved by using intelligent ELECTRONIC METRES AND easily be achieved by using intelligent ELECTRONIC METRES AND
AUTOMATIC METER READING SYSTEM, AUTOMATIC METER READING SYSTEM, AAdvanced Metering dvanced Metering dvanced Metering dvanced Metering Infrastructure AMIInfrastructure AMIInfrastructure AMIInfrastructure AMI..
Abstract
Abstract
AMI System is a complete energy measurement and AMI System is a complete energy measurement and
communication system, it uses PLC over low and medium voltage communication system, it uses PLC over low and medium voltage
power lines, GSM, GPRS, ETHERNET in transferring data. It power lines, GSM, GPRS, ETHERNET in transferring data. It
integrates Power Quality Monitoring, Event Recording, Load integrates Power Quality Monitoring, Event Recording, Load
Profiling, Cut offs Reporting, measurement of Active, Reactive, Profiling, Cut offs Reporting, measurement of Active, Reactive,
Apparent Power, Losses quantities and complete technical data Apparent Power, Losses quantities and complete technical data
(load, pf, percentage of loading) about transformers, feeders (load, pf, percentage of loading) about transformers, feeders
besides all information about consumption. besides all information about consumption.
This presentation will briefly review types of losses in distribThis presentation will briefly review types of losses in distribution ution
networks and a methodology used in distribution networks to networks and a methodology used in distribution networks to
measure and manage losses especially the non technical one measure and manage losses especially the non technical one
using AMI system Features.using AMI system Features.
Classification Of Losses In Distribution Networks
(Self – Active) Losses
Technical Losses
Non-Technical Losses
Due To Theft, Illegal Connections, Mistakes In Meter Reading And
Consumption Calculation.
Network self
losses
Due To The Flow Of Current Through The
Network Elements
Technical losses
Due To Neutrality from the best Operating Conditions Of The Network – Bad Connections –
Low Efficient Elements.
Non technical
losses
Leads To Major Losses In Developing Countries
CLASSIFICATION OF NETWORK LOSSES
Unpaid Energy = Unpaid Energy =
Unbilled Energy =Unbilled Energy =
Active Losses + Active Losses + Technical losses,Technical losses,
Energy consumed
Energy Consumed - Energy Billed
Energy PaidEnergy Billed -
Non Technical LossesNon Technical Losses
Energy Purchased By Distribution Company -
Always We Calculate Losses,
Can We Measure Losses Using AMI System ?
Central Work
Station
We measure the energy received by this transformer and the energy recorded by customer meters, the difference is the losses in this KIOSK.
We measure the KWH received from transmission grid and the energy recorded by customer meters the difference is total losses (MV + LV) of this network.
LOSSES=M1-(M2+M3+M4)
We measure the energy received by a feeder and the energy recorded by customer meters supplied from , the difference is the losses in this feeder
Feeder meter
Feeder meter
GAMMA AMR SYSTEM – DATA IS TRANSFERRED OVER MV & LV POWER LINES
11 K
V
DIS
TR
IBU
TE
R
AMI
Methodology Of Minimizing Active Losses In Distribu tion Networks
Minimizing The Length Of Power Lines.Minimizing The Length Of Power Lines.
PlacingPlacing Substations Near Center Of Loads Substations Near Center Of Loads
Using High Voltage In Transmitting Energy.Using High Voltage In Transmitting Energy.
Using Conductors Of larger Cross Sections.Using Conductors Of larger Cross Sections.
Using Low Loss Transformers.Using Low Loss Transformers.
Capacitor CompensationCapacitor Compensation
Losses Due To Flow Of current In Network Elements
Methodology Of Minimizing Technical Losses In Distr ibution Networks
Sticking To The Best Operating Conditions Of The Network. Sticking To The Best Operating Conditions Of The Network.
Due To Neutrality from the best Operating Conditions.
Minimizing Network Losses=
Improving Of All Performance Parameters In A Distribution Company (Technical + Commercial)
Minimizing Network LossesMinimizing Network Losses==
Improving Of All Performance Parameters Improving Of All Performance Parameters In A Distribution Company In A Distribution Company
(Technical + Commercial)(Technical + Commercial)
The worldwide ExperienceThe worldwide ExperienceShows That In Utilities With High Network Losses, Shows That In Utilities With High Network Losses,
1 $ Expended For Loss Reduction1 $ Expended For Loss ReductionSaves 10.15 $ To The UtilitySaves 10.15 $ To The Utility
As Non Technical Losses Is The Major Part Of Losses In DistributAs Non Technical Losses Is The Major Part Of Losses In Distribution Networks ion Networks In Developing Countries.In Developing Countries.
We Find That AMI System Is A Must To Minimize Losses As This SyWe Find That AMI System Is A Must To Minimize Losses As This System Has stem Has Powerful Tools Which Act Efficiently On This Type Of Losses.Powerful Tools Which Act Efficiently On This Type Of Losses.
AMI System Cuts Non Technical Losses To Zero Using The FollowingAMI System Cuts Non Technical Losses To Zero Using The FollowingTechniques:Techniques:
Incorrect Energy Measurement
Wrong Meter ReadingDifference In Time Of Meter reading
Wrong ConnectionsMistakes In Meters ConstantLow Accuracy MetersIdle meters
Un-Willingness To Pay, Unpaid Energy.
Mistakes In Meter Reading
Electricity Theft
Sources Of Network Non Technical Losses
Remedy
It is no simple remedy to loss reduction. It is a c ombination of several factors which in the end results in the increase in revenue.
The correct recipe for your organization will come out of our analyses to your problem.
In the fight against losses you must choose the ri ght weapons from AMI arsenal.
Low Accuracy MetersLow Accuracy MetersMistakes In Meters ConstantMistakes In Meters ConstantWrong ConnectionsWrong ConnectionsIdle metersIdle meters
Incorrect Energy MeasurementNon Technical Losses
AMI MetersAMI MetersClass 1 Accuracy.Class 1 Accuracy.
No Meter Constants Are Used, The Software Gives The KWH ConsumptNo Meter Constants Are Used, The Software Gives The KWH Consumption ion
And All Data In The Required Format.And All Data In The Required Format.
No Wrong Connections Can Take Place, A Signal Appears On the MetNo Wrong Connections Can Take Place, A Signal Appears On the Meter er
Screen Also The Meter Sends An Alarm To The Master Station.Screen Also The Meter Sends An Alarm To The Master Station.
Idle Meters The system And The Software Has A Self Diagnostic PrIdle Meters The system And The Software Has A Self Diagnostic Property, operty,
Defines Idle Meters To Be Exchanged. Defines Idle Meters To Be Exchanged.
Non Technical Losses
Wrong Meter ReadingWrong Meter ReadingDifference In Time Of Meter readingDifference In Time Of Meter reading
Mistakes In Meter Reading
The meters are remotely read, no need to meter read ers, The system completely prevents the error in meters reading, ca lculation of consumption, it is done automatically without any h uman intervention.
The system sets the actual amount of consumption fo r each customer in the network in the required format periodically hourly, daily, monthly, annually or immediately upon request.
Un-willingness to pay, Unpaid Energy.
The un-willingness to pay for the electricity can b e caused by a number of differentparameters. Among the strongest arguments are:- Low generation capacity is resulting in a lot of o utages.- The voltage level is too low and destroying househ old equipment and machinery- “My neighbors are not paying so why shall I pay?”- “My Government is not giving me work, so at least they can give me free electricity”.
AMI System Has A Powerful Tool, POWER_LIMIT, Which Defines The Available Power For Each Customer From The Master S tation.
AMI System Can Disconnect / Connect Any Customer Re motely From The Master Station.
Non Technical Losses
Non Technical Losses
Digital Meters Are Tamper And Fraud Proof Design, I t Counts The Right Consumption In 14 Cases Of Fraud And Tampering Cond itions ( Followed )
System Can Define The Place Of Electricity Theft Th rough The Distribution Network ( Followed )
Electricity Theft
Li
Ni
Gamma Meter
No
LoLi
Ni
Load
Tamper trial #1:
The loads are fully earthed by an
outside earth.
The meter calculates correctly full
consumption & indicates tampering
condition on the display
Li
Ni
Gamma Meter
No
LoLi
Ni Load
Tamper trial #2:
The loads are partially earthed by an
outside earth
The meter calculates correctly full
consumption & indicates tampering
condition on the display
Digital meters are tamper and fraud proof design,it counts the right consumption in case of tamperin g
Li
Ni
Lo
No
Gamma Meter Load
No
LoLi
Ni
Tamper trial #3:
Input & Output terminals are short-
circuited.
The meter calculates correctly full
consumption & indicates tampering
indication condition on the display
Li
Ni
Lo
No
Gamma Meter
No
LoLi
Ni
Load
Tamper trial #4:
Input & Output terminals are bypassed.
The meter calculates correctly full
consumption & indicates tampering
indication condition on the display
Digital meters are tamper and fraud proof design,it counts the right consumption in case of tamperin g
Li
NiGamma Meter
No
LoLi
NiLoad
Tamper trial #5:
Line & Neutral inputs are reversed
while the loads are fully earthed.
The meter calculates correctly full
consumption &indicates tampering
condition on the display
Li
NiGamma Meter
No
LoLi
NiLoad
Tamper trial #6:
Line & Neutral inputs are reversed
while the loads are partially earthed.
The meter calculates correctly full
consumption & indicates tampering
condition on the display
Digital meters are tamper and fraud proof design,it counts the right consumption in case of tamperin g
Li
Ni
Lo
NoGamma Meter Load
No
LoLi
Ni
Tamper trial #7:
Line & Neutral inputs are reversed
The meter calculates correctly full
consumption
Load
Li
Ni Lo
No
Gamma Meter
No
LoLi
Ni
Tamper trial #8:Input & Output terminals are short-
circuited.
Line & Neutral are reversed.
The meter calculates correctly full
consumption & indicates tampering
indication condition on the display.
Digital meters are tamper and fraud proof design,it counts the right consumption in case of tamperin g
Li
Ni
Gamma MeterLoad
No
Lo Li
Ni
Tamper trial #9:
Input & Outputs are replaced.
The meter calculates correctly full
consumption & indicates incorrect
install condition on the display
Li
Ni
Gamma Meter
LoadNo
Lo Li
Ni
Tamper trial #10:
Input & Outputs are replaced.
The loads are fully earthed.
The meter calculates correctly full consumption
& indicates incorrect installation & tampering
condition on the display.
Digital meters are tamper and fraud proof design,it counts the right consumption in case of tamperin g
Li
Ni
Gamma MeterLoad
No
Lo Li
Ni
Tamper trial #11:
Input & Outputs are replaced.
The loads are partially earthed.
The meter calculates correctly full
consumption & indicates incorrect install
&tampering condition on the display.
Li
Ni
Gamma MeterLoad
No
Lo
Li
Ni
Tamper trial #12
Input & Outputs are replaced.
Line & Neutral are reversed
The meter calculates correctly full
consumption & indicates incorrect install on
display.
Gamma digital meters are tamper and fraud proof des ign,it counts the right consumption in case of tamperin g
Li
Ni
Gamma Meter
LoadNo
Lo
Li
Ni
Tamper trial #13
Input & Outputs are replaced.
Line & Neutral are reversed.
The loads are fully earthed.
The meter calculates correctly full
consumption & indicates incorrect install
& tampering condition on the display.
Li
Ni
Gamma Meter
Load
No
Lo
Li
Ni
Tamper trial #14:
Input & Outputs are replaced.
Line & Neutral are reversed.
The loads are partially earthed.
The meter calculates correctly full
consumption & indicates incorrect install &
tampering condition on the display.
Digital meters are tamper and fraud proof design,it counts the right consumption in case of tamperin g
Features of AMI SystemFeatures of AMI System
Intelligent Energy Management System
AMI is a modern technique used in Electrical Networ ks which enable reading meters remotely, monitoring and cont rol of the electrical network from Data Center.
AMI system based on transferring data through the e xisting Power Lines – without installing any new Wires – to o ptimize the performance of the network, protect building ag ainst firing, measure all parameters of the power and fin ally save money and increase performance.
Improves energy management & conservation.
Reduce losses level of medium-low voltage distribut ion
network to 5 - 6 %.
Improves operational efficiencies.
Cut earth leakage and tampering to zero.
Improves load forecasting & load profiling.
AMI – System …. key Benefits
Remote connect / disconnect
Define places of electricity theft by balance betwe en energy
supplied by transformer & the sum of energy consum ed by
consumers on the same transformer.
Enhances customer service.
Easy to operate system, with full local support.
Increases bottom-line profit ..
AMI – System …. key Benefits
Monitoring of all network parameters
Max load KW , KVA, power factor for each customer, feeder and
transformer defining the over loaded element of the m.
Losses in each element of the network.
AMI – System …. key Benefits
System structureSystem structure
MetersMeters
Display UnitDisplay Unit
Router / ConcentratorRouter / Concentrator
CouplersCouplers
Lamp Control UnitLamp Control Unit
Data CenterData Center
System Elements
WattWatt --hour Meters equipped with twohour Meters equipped with two -- way communicationway communication
Energy Management
M/S
Central Work
Station
modem
Concentrator
modem
Concentrator
10.5kv 380/220v 380/220v 10.5kv
GGSSMM
AMI System SchemeAMI System Scheme
Power Limit Adjustment
Protection, Safety, Power Quality
Meter includes built-in contactor for optional disconnection in any of the following cases:
�Over Voltage�Under Voltage�Over Current�Earth Leakage�Low power factor�Over heating�Skew Voltage
Single line diagram of the power network in detailsSingle line diagram of the power network in details
Single line diagram of the power network in detailsSingle line diagram of the power network in details
Remote connect / disconnect
First feeder losses 9.2%Second feeder losses 6.1%Second feeder losses 9.2%Third feeder losses 5.7%
Energy consumed balanceEnergy consumed balanceEnergy consumed balanceEnergy consumed balanceEnergy consumed balanceEnergy consumed balanceEnergy consumed balanceEnergy consumed balance
Results From AMI System Applied In North Cairo Distribution Company
Egypt
Losses ratio in MV cables and transformers = 2.4 %
Followed Analysis For This Result
Losses Analysis For MV & Transformers Of NCEDC
Load Curve
Load Factor
20/4/20092/5/2009
TR KVA
TR % MAX LOADING
TR. PF
20/4/20092/5/2009FEEDERS DATAFEEDERS DATAFEEDERS DATAFEEDERS DATA
FEEDERS LOSSES DATAFEEDERS LOSSES DATAFEEDERS LOSSES DATAFEEDERS LOSSES DATA
••ByByByByByByByBy
••Zero nonZero non --technical losses (Zero tampering)technical losses (Zero tampering)
••Zero leakageZero leakage
••reduces technical lossesreduces technical losses
AMI SYSTEM SAVES MONEYAMI SYSTEM SAVES MONEY
Money back guaranteeMoney back guarantee