Energy Systems Integration R&D at NREL

Energy Systems Integration R&D at NREL

David Mooney

September 10, 2010

Renewable and Efficiency Technology Integration

Outline1. NREL Overview

2. NREL’s Approach to Renewable Systems Integration

3. Project Examples

4. The Energy Systems Integration Facility


All three imperatives must be

simultaneously addressed


5

FY10 (Est.) Total NREL Funding in Millions $455.4M by Source

Updated 9/10


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NREL Funding and Staffing History


Integration Mission

• Enable maximum renewable energy and energy efficiency technology adoption

• Maintain and enhance grid reliability by advancing critical science and engineering in electrical systems and resource assessment.

• Transfer knowledge and innovations in these areas in a manner that accelerates commercial deployment and addresses the nation’s energy, security, and environmental goals.


Electricity, Resources, and Building Systems Integration Center

Resource Information and Forecasting(13 Staff)

Thermal Systems(25 Staff)

Transmission and Grid Integration(13 Staff)

Distributed Energy Systems Integration(15 Staff)

Commercial Building R&D (34 Staff)

Residential Building R&D(26 Staff)


Transmission and Grid Integration Project Examples


Can we integrate 35% wind and solarin the West? Goal - To assess the operating impacts and economics of wind and solar on the WestConnect grid

• How do local resources compare to remote, higher quality resources via long distance transmission?

• Can balancing area cooperation help manage variability?

• Do we need more reserves?

• Do we need more storage?

• How does geographic diversity help?

• What is the value of forecasting?


What WWSIS is Not

• Not a transmission planning study• Not a cost-benefit analysis

o Capital costs for wind, solar, or conventional generation build-out not included in operational cost impacts

• Not a reliability study• Does not address dynamic stability • Not an optimization study


Study Methodology

1. Develop high temporal and spatial resolution wind and solar datasets

2. “Site” wind and solar plants and interconnect them into the transmission and distribution system

3. Conduct operational analysis for system with high penetration wind and solar

4. Quantify operational challenges and benefits


Scenarios

Name WestConnect Rest of WECC

Wind Solar Wind Solar

10% 10% 1% 10% 1%

20% 20% 3% 10% 1%

20/20% 20% 3% 20% 3%

30% 30% 5% 20% 3%

Penetration levels are by energy, not capacity. Solar is 70% concentrating solar power with thermal storage and 30%

rooftop photovoltaics

~75GW Wind

~15GW Solar


30% Wind/5% Solar Scenarios

•In-Area - each state meets target from sources within that state

•Mega Project - concentrated projects in best resource areas

•Local Priority - Balance of best resource and In-Area sites


How does the system operate with 35% wind and solar?

Mid-July

The operator now manages to load but would have to manage to net load

Load

Net Load = Load - Wind - Solar


How does the system operate with 35% wind and solar?

Mid-July Mid-April

Mid-April shows the challenges of operating the grid with 35% wind and solar. This was the worst week of the 3 years studied.


Operations during mid-April

No Wind/Solar 35% Wind/Solar


Feeder Level Engineering Studies (SMUD)

Data acquisition and monitoring on distribution feeder at the Anatolia Subdevelopment in Rancho Cordova, CA

Over 600 homes will have 2kW of PV

Monitoring on Distribution Transformer


SMUD Distribution Transformer

Renewable Technology Integration

Energy Systems Integration R&D at NREL

Documents

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