Energy Saving in Home Appliances

8/4/2019 Energy Saving in Home Appliances

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Everymans Science VOL. XLV NO. 5, Dec 10 Jan 11

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SHORT COMMUNICATION

ENERGY SAVING OPPORTUNITIES IN SOME TYPICAL

HOME APPLIANCES

Deb asish Dewan*

Residential appliances and equipments use 30% of all electricity generated in Organization for

Economic Co-operation & Development (OECD) countries, producing 12% of all Energy-related

carbon dioxide emissions which is a primary contributor to global warming. Since 1973, primaryenergy demand in the residential sector in OECD countries has grown more than all other sectors

apart from transport. There are many simple ways to use energy more efficiently that will save

fuel as well as money, make the home more comfortable and benefit the environment. 20% of the

energy bills can be saved every year by taking some simple actions. Calculating energy use based

on a description of the house and appliances can help identify the best opportunities for energy

savings. Knowing how much electricity each of appliances uses will also give a clearer picture of

where the energy cost is going. Powered with this knowledge, one can use energy more efficiently

and trim the energy budget.

ENERGY USE CALCULATION

T o estimate how much electricity the homeappliances consume, one can generally findthe wattage stamped on the bottom or back of the

appliances or on its nameplate.

The wattage listed is the maximum power drawn

by the appliance. Since many appliances have a

range of settings (for example, the volume on a

radio), the actual amount of power consumed

depends on the setting used at any one time.

If the wattage is not listed on the appliance, it

is estimated by finding the current drawn (in

amperes) and multiplying that by the voltage used

by the appliance. The amperes might be stamped

on the unit in place of the wattage. If not, find a

clamp-on ammeter, an electricians tool that clamps

around one of the two wires on the appliance to

measure the current flowing through it. The reading,

while the device is running, is the acutal amount of

current being used at that instant.

To estimate the amount of energy a specific

appliance consumes the following formula can be

used :

Wattage Hours Used per Day No. of Days

used in a year = Annual watt hour (Wh)

consumption.

1 Kilowatt hour (k Wh) = 1000 Watts hour = 1

unit power consumption.* Executive Engineer (Mech.), MTPS, Damodar Valley

Corporation, W.B, India, E-mail: [email protected]


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Table 1 : Energy Consumption of Some Typical Home Appliances.

Device Wattage Deivce Wattage(capacity & size) (capacity & size)

Incandescent lamp (Bulb) 25/40/60/100 Vacuum Cleaner 1000-1400

Compact Fluorescent 7/11/12/27 Electric Kettle 1000/2000

Lamp (CFL)

Fluorescent Tube Light Washing Machine

With Copper choke 55 Automatic 325/1000

With Electronic choke 35 Semi-Automatic 200

VCR/DVD 17-21/20-25 Mixture Juice (big) 450

Ceiling Fan Water Purifier 2536/48 (inch) 50 Radio 15

56 (inch) 60 Tape Recorder 20

60 (inch) 70

Table Fan (12/16 inch) 40 Night Lamp 15

Immersion Rod 1000/1500 Television 100

Air Conditioner Personal Computer

1.0 ton 1400 CPU - awake/asleep 120/30 or less

1.5 ton 1800 Monitor - awake/ 150/30 or less

asleep

Air cooler 170 Electric Heater 1500/2000

Refrigerator Electric Iron

Small 225 Domestic 450/700

Big 300 Dhobi 1000

Table2 : Example of Energy Bill for Some Home Appliances.

Hours Days Convert k Wh Cost per

Appliances Watts per per to k Wh Rate (Rs.) = Year (Rs.)

Day Year

Bulb 100 6 340 1000 4 = 816

Compact

Fluorescent 20 6 340 1000 4 = 163

Lamp (CFL)

Electric 1500 4 340 1000 4 = 8160

Heater

Air

Conditioner 1400 14 140 1000 4 = 10976

(1 ton)


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SOME TIPS AND GUIDANCE FOR SAVING

ENERGY COSTLifecycle Cost

The sum of the purchase price and the energy

cost of running an appliance over its lifetime are

called its lifecycle cost. Over the life-span of an

appliance the energy cost can be many times greater

than the initial cost. The lifecycle cost of an

energy-efficient appliance is typically lower than

the lifecycle cost of an average model. For example

Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) are the highly

efficient alternative to standard incandescent bulbs.

A single 20-watt CFL will provide the same amountof light as a 100-watt incandescent bulb and last up

to seven times longer. Because CFLs use less

energy and last longer, the life cycle cost of CFL

is less than the Bulb (Table-2), and may save up to

several times their purchase price each year through

reduced electricity bills and fewer replacement of

bulbs.

Loss of Phantom Power

Many appliances continue to draw a small

amount of power when they are switched off.

These phantom loads occur in most appliancesthat use electricity, such as VCRs, Televisions,

Stereos, Computers, and Kitchen appliances. Most

phantom loads will increase the appliances energy

consumption a few watts per hour. These loads can

be avoided by unplugging the appliance or using a

power strip and using the switch on the power strip

to cut all power to the appliance.

Lighting

Use Energy Efficient Bulbs (CFLs) instead

of traditional Bulbs-they use 1/5th the energy

and last upto 7 times as long.

Turn off lights in empty rooms and corridors.

This can save up to 15% of the lighting bill.

Use just the light in need.

Use daylight freely, so keep windows and

skylight clean and clear and adjust the

curtains or blinds to let in as much light as

possible during the day.

Clean light fittings annually, dirt reduces

light efficiency.

Refrigerators and Freezers

Refrigerators, although turned on all the time,

actually cycle on and off at a rate that depends on

a number of factors. These factors include how

well it is insulated, room temperature, freezer

temperature, how often the door is opened, if the

coils are clean, if it is defrosted regularly, and the

condition of the door seals. To get an approximate

figure for the number of hours that a refrigerator

actually operates at its maximum wattage, divide

the total time the refrigerator is plugged in by

three. However,

Dont leave the door open for longer than

necessary, cold air escapes.

Avoid putting hot or arm food straight into

the freeze by allowing it to cool down first.

Defrost the freezer regularly to keep it

running efficiently and cheaply. If it tends to

frost up quickly, check the door seal.

Place your refrigerator or freezer away from

heat sources such as the oven, dishwasher,

heating vent or direct sunlight.

Other Appliances

Only boil as much water as needed.

Use a Microwave instead of the Oven and the

Toaster instead of the Grill when ever possible.

Televisions, Videos, Stereos and Computers :

cut down on wasted energy, by switching

appliances off completely rather than leaving

them on standby.

CONCLUSION

Reducing energy bill reduces the Environmental

pollution associated with energy production and

has a positive effect on National security and the

Economy. So, it is required to save Energy for

benefit of self and Nation.

REFERENCES

1. The Bulletin on Energy Efficiency, 7(3)

December, 2006

2. Bureau of Energy Efficiency website.

3. U.S Department of Energy website.

Energy Saving in Home Appliances

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