Energy Revolution and Sustainable Society - renewable … · Energy Revolution and Sustainable...

TOKYO, MARCH 8, 2017, RENEWABLE ENERGY INSTITUTE - RE VISION 2017

Energy Revolution and Sustainable Solutions Rajendra Iyer, ABB Group Vice President

December 7, 2016

©ABB

Slide 2

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The energy revolution

Elements of the evolving grid

Grid interconnection Digitalization Power quality & demand mgmt.

Residential roof top solar plus Micro- and Nano-grids New business models Energy storage

December 7, 2016

©ABB

Slide 3

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Take away message

* units <50 MW connected to MV/LV grids, source: governmental plants, ABB analysis

Changing power generation balance

Renewables expected to be dominant source for electrical power generation

Power balance tipping towards renewables, driven by policy & disruptive technology cost reduction

Main growth in variable renewables such as wind and solar

Two growth paths

– Mainly centralized renewables

– Mainly distributed renewables

Power generation Centralized vs decentralized

RE

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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Distributed RES* contribution to annual total demand [%]

C-RES D-RES

2030

2020

2015

2030

2020

2015

2015

2020

2030

2030

2020

2015

DK, Ministry of Energy

DE, Energiewende

IN, 5-years dev’t plan

CN, Government plan

CH, Energy Strategy 2050

100

December 7, 2016

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1 Source: Bloomberg New Energy Finance & pv.energytrend.com 2 Source: Data compiled by Bloomberg New Energy Finance

Batteries & photovoltaic

– Dramatic cost reduction – to be continued

– Scalability of technologies

– Consumer investment across market segments accelerating developments


Disruptive developments driving key changes in future grids

Price history of silicon PV cells1 Yearly demand for EV batt. power2 Cost for lithium-ion battery packs2

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

gigawatt hours

Estimated

Actual

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

1,000

800

600

400

200

0

$1,200 per kilowatt hour 90

80

70

60

50

40

30

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197

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198

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198

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December 7, 2016

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Volume development of Variable renewable brings it to more affordable cost levels for consumers

Microgrids and integration of renewables

Source : Bloomberg New Energy Finance

Grid – an evident enabler for the future


March 8, 2017

1 Germany may operate at very high V-RES levels due to strong connections to the ENTSO-E grid. 2 Ireland limits instantaneous percentage of non-synchronous resources (SNSP) by 60% in 2017. The plan is to reach SNSP=75% in 2020. Slide 6

Technical challenges countries encounter

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2012 2040 Now

Germany1

% of occurrence in

Germany

2016

2040

Ireland2

Conventional operation

System inertia & grid voltage

Short circuit capacity & V-RES utilization

Grid capacity & reserve

Investments in grid and flexible technologies required to address challenges

2030 2020

Technology options1 at different system level

Energy Revolution Need for more flexible power system

March 8, 2017

1. Not exhaustive list 2. Converter controlled 3. Behind the meter 4. Wholesale energy market, ancillary services, capacity markets, p2p retail markets, etc.

Slide 7

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Low RES utilization

Low short circuit capacity

Low system inertia

Higher voltage variation

Limited power reserves

Limited grid capacity

Market based options4

Impact:

High

Moderate

Low

December 7, 2016

©ABB

Slide 8

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Grid interconnection

Renewable integration across regions

– Fluctuations during the day

– Seasonal variations

Optimal use of reserve and peaking capacities

Diversification of electricity supply

Reduction of wholesale electricity price volatility

Strengthening grid operation in case of fault conditions

Increase capacity utilization factor of conventional generation

Opportunities Challenges

Political factors

Economic framework

Technological capabilities

Coordinated operation (global harmonization of standards, grid codes and operational practices)

December 7, 2016

©ABB

Slide 9

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The energy revolution Grid interconnection: Ultra High Voltage

World’s most powerful UHVDC link

Chiangji-Guquan, China

1100kV DC

12000MW

>3000km

UHVAC transmission

Bina Substation, India

1200kV Circuit breaker

& transformer

World’s first multi-terminal UHVDC link

North-East Agra, India

800kV DC

6000MW

>1700km

December 7, 2016

©ABB

Slide 10

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Resilient and cost-effective technology

Grid code compliant integration of wind & solar

Stabilizing weak grids

Microgrids acting as one controllable generator or load

Access to power in remote locations

Microgrids and integration of renewables

Kodiak Island,

Alaska, USA

– Wind (9MW)

– Diesel

– Flywheel (2 x 1MW)

AusNet,

Victoria, Australia

– Weak grid support

– Diesel (1MW)

– Battery (1MWh)

December 7, 2016

©ABB

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Energy storage – a key element across the power value chain

Load leveling

ESS

ESS ESS

ESS

ESS

ESS

Peak shaving

Frequency regulation

Solar PV time shift

Stabilization

Integration of renewables

Load leveling

Industry/Large commercial

Residential/Small commercial

Microgrid

ESS

HV sub- transm.

HV sub- transm.

MV

LV

LV

MV HV transmission

Conventional central generation

Variable renewable generation

HV transm.

HV sub- transm.

ESS

Spinning reserve

Load center

December 7, 2016

©ABB

Slide 12

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Power quality & demand management

Distributed renewables

Smart control

Power electronic technologies (e.g. FACTS)

Transformer based technologies (e.g. Line Voltage Regulators)

Demand response

management

Frequency regulation through short term balancing of supply and demand

Smart home and building management

Electric vehicle (charging) infrastructure

Bulk renewables

December 7, 2016

©ABB

Slide 13

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1 NCIT – Non Conventional Instrument Transformers


From conventional to a digital substations

CAPEX reduction

– Reduced footprint (AIS)

– Up to 80% less copper cabling

Reduced engineering & installation time

Improved safety

OPEX reduction

– Asset health & predictive maintenance

– Up to 50% reduction in outages

Safety

Fast & easy reconfiguration

Fit for future grid requirements

275 kV digital substation with digital sensors & 61850 digital communication bus, in operation since 2011

Queensland, Australia

Enabling flexibility for new and existing substations

December 7, 2016

©ABB

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– Different perspectives of the SAME asset are observed / monitored / controlled by different roles in organizations

– Without consolidation, multiple perspectives seldom yield a “complete” picture of the asset

– Each perspective has its own strength, but together the perspectives can create a whole that is greater than the sum of its parts

Multiple products, multiple industries, diverse and overlapping functionality

Connected Asset Lifecycle Management

Enterprise Asset Management

Asset Performance Management

Mobile Workforce Management

Business Information Model (BIM)

Executive Dashboard

Network Mgr SCADA

EAM WFM

Operations

APM

[Asset Health Center]

[Ellipse or Asset Suite] [Service Suite]

Information

Technology (IT)

Operations

Technology (OT)


December 7, 2016

©ABB

Slide 15

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Interconnectors help countries realize the full benefits of the internal energy market


Benchmark highlighted by the

European Commission in January

2014:

“All Member States to have a level

of electricity interconnection

equivalent to at least 10% of their

installed production capacity” Import capacity

as a % of net

generation

capacity in 2011

December 7, 2016

©ABB

Slide 16

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European scenario 2000


HVDC 2000 – a solution for

Energy trading

Security of supply


December 7, 2016

©ABB

Slide 17

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European scenario 2015


HVDC 2015 – a solution for

Energy trading

Security of supply


December 7, 2016

©ABB

Slide 18

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European future plans


HVDC a future solution for

Energy trading

Security of supply


Balancing of intermittent power

Closing nuclear and fossil

Optimizing total grid efficiency

December 7, 2016

©ABB

Slide 19

— System issues in South Australia

February 09, 2017 - 3:45 PM High temperatures across the eastern states is increasing electricity consumption levels in South Australia and New South Wales, placing additional strain on the national power system. This has resulted in reduced generation reserves within these two states. AEMO is in discussion with a number of generators within New South Wales and the New South Wales government to mitigate the need for local load shedding. Load shedding can sometimes be required when there is an imbalance between electricity demand and electricity supply. When there is a shortfall in the electricity supply, there can be a need to reduce demand very quickly to an acceptable level, or risk the electricity network becoming unstable. Under the National Electricity Rules, AEMO has authority to implement emergency rotational load shedding during power system emergencies to ensure the system remains secure and to avoid prolonged power outages. Load shedding arrangements vary from state to state, but the objective of rotational load shedding is to minimise the impact on any one group of customers. Sometimes rotational load shedding is not an option – for example, if the supply-demand balance changes rapidly, then load shedding can happen almost instantly. The safety of the community is the energy industry’s number one priority during power system emergencies, and AEMO is working closely with industry to restore and maintain reliable, secure electricity supply to affected regions in the National Electricity Market as quickly as possible.

South Australian Grid

March 8, 2017 Slide 20

Weakly interconnected system

Lack of capacity reserves to meet exceptional demand (e.g. heat wave periods).

system will be upgraded to accommodate more renewables

Key South Australia power system properties

December 7, 2016

©ABB

Slide 21

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Proposal for regional interconnections

System issues in South Australia

“Additional interconnection between National Electricity Market (NEM) regions can result in greater competition between generation sources, thereby delivering lower overall energy prices for customers, in addition to facilitating an increase in renewable generation and addressing security of supply concerns associated with energy market transition.”

- South Australian Energy Transformation, a report by ElectraNet

December 7, 2016

©ABB

Slide 22

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Source : Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation organization

The world is already connect by cables for internet…..why not for energy


Energy Revolution and Sustainable Society - renewable … · Energy Revolution and Sustainable...

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