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Transcript of Energy resources
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Energy Resources
Holt: Chapter 9, Section 4 (p 258-263)
Science Fusion: Unit 4, Lesson 4 (p 274-277)
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Key Terms
energy resource
nonrenewable resources
fossil fuels
renewable resources
potential energy
kinetic energy
nuclear energy
fission
fusion
electrical energy
solar energy
wind energy
geothermal energy
biomass
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Nonrenewable Resources
• nonrenewable resources- cannot be replaced or are replaced much more slowly than they are used
• Types of nonrenewable resources:
– Fossil fuels
– Electrical energy from fossil fuels
– Nuclear energy
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Fossil fuels
• fossil fuels- nonrenewable energy resource formed from the remains of organisms that lived long ago
• energy stored from the sun
• Examples: coal, petroleum, natural gas
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Electrical energy from fossil fuels
• Burning fossil fuels generates electrical energy
• thermal > kinetic > electrical
• Fossil fuels are the main source of electrical energy generated in the United States
• Electric generators convert chemical energy in fossils fuels into electrical energy.
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Nuclear Energy
• Generated from radioactive elements, like uranium
• thermal > kinetic > electrical
• nuclear fission- a large unstable nucleus is broken into two unstable nuclei, releases additional neutrons and energy
• nuclear fusion- combination of nuclei of small atoms to form a larger nucleus, releases energy
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Renewable Resources
• renewable resources- a natural resource that can be replaced at the same rate at which it is consumed
• Types of renewable resources:– Solar Energy
– Energy from Water
– Wind Energy
– Geothermal energy
– Biomass
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Solar Energy
• Solar panels
• sunlight > electrical energy
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Energy from Water
• Hydroelectric dams
• potential > kinetic
• Water is stored in the dam > starts flowing through the dam > falling water turns turbines > power generator
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Wind Energy
• Wind is caused by the uneven heating of the Earth’s surface.
• kinetic > electrical
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Geothermal Energy
• geothermal energy is thermal energy caused by the heating of Earth’s crust.
• Geothermal power plants pump water underground, which is heated (by hot rock) to produce steam that turns the turbine of a generator
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Biomass
• Plants use and store energy from the sun.
• Organic matter, such as plants, wood and waste, that can be burned to release energy is called biomass.
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Energy Resource Renewable? Advantages Disadvantages
Fossil Fuels NO • Provides a large amount of thermal energy per unit of mass
• Easy to get and transport
• Can be used to generate electricity and make products such as plastic
• Nonrenewable• Produces smog• can cause acid
precipitation• risk of oil spills
Nuclear NO • Very concentrated form of energy
• Does not produce air pollution
• Produces radioactive waste
• nonrewable
Solar YES • Is an almost limitless source
• No pollution
• Expensive• Only in sunny areas
Water YES • No pollution • Requires dams,disrupts river’s ecosystem
Wind YES • Inexpensive• no pollution
• Has to be windy
Geothermal YES • Requires little land • Must be hot spot• Produces wastewater
Biomass YES • inexpensive • Requires farmland• Produces smoke
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• Powering America: How a Nuclear Power Plant Works
• Hydroelectric Dam
• Wind Power
• Geothermal Power Plant
• What is Biomass?