Power Scheme

This is a form of hydroelectric scheme. At night, when power stations have spare capacity, power is used to pump water from a lower reservoir to a higher one. During the day, when extra electricity is needed, the water runs down again to turn generators.

Low-cost off-peak electric power is used to run the pumps.

Pumped storage hydroelectricity is a type of hydroelectric power generation used by some power plants for load balancing. The method stores energy in the form of water, pumped from a lower elevation reservoir to a higher elevation.

During periods of high electrical demand, the stored water is released through turbines. Although the losses of the pumping process makes the plant a net consumer of energy overall, the system increases revenue by selling more electricity during periods of peak demand, when electricity prices are highest. Pumped storage is the largest-capacity form of grid energy storage now available.

The use of off-peak electricity to pump the water back, then release the water to do hydro-electric power. When the power overproduction, the residual power supply to the electric pump will pump the water transported to higher ground reservoir until the demand for electricity increases, the gate opening, the water begins with a height of the reservoir according to flow into the terrain the location of the original electric pump.

For wind turbines, the past is only used for wind power generation, and not enough to re-use motor pumping. In fact, wind turbines in operation at the same time,

you can use air compressors and other compressed air energy storage technology to store wind power, while in the wind when the use of pumps pumping the water there is a height, and compression, when no wind when the air compressor hit the water pressure so that hydraulic driven generator, and the formation of air pressure, so that wind turbine blades rotate forever.

Tidal power, sometimes also called tidal energy, is a form of hydropower that converts the energy of tides into electricity or other useful forms of power.

Although not yet widely used, tidal power has potential for future electricity generation. Tides are more predictable than wind energy and solar power. Historically, tide mills have been used, both in Europe and on the Atlantic coast of North America. The earliest occurrences date from the Middle Ages, or even from Roman times.

Tidal power is the only form of energy which derives directly from the relative motions of the Earth–Moon system, and to a lesser extent from the Earth–Sun system. The tidal forces produced by the Moon and Sun, in combination with Earth's rotation, are responsible for the generation of the tides.

Tidal power can be classified into three main types:• Tidal stream systems make use of the kinetic

energy of moving water to power turbines, in a similar way to windmills that use moving air. This method is gaining in popularity because of the lower cost and lower ecological impact compared to barrages.

• Barrages make use of the potential energy in the difference in height (or head) between high and low tides. Barrages are essentially dams across the full width of a tidal estuary, and suffer from very high civil infrastructure costs, a worldwide shortage of viable sites, and environmental issues.

• Tidal lagoons, are similar to barrages, but can be constructed as self contained structures, not fully across an estuary, and are claimed to incur much lower cost and impact overall. Furthermore they can be configured to generate continuously which is not the case with barrages.

Design was carried out by William McLellan of Merz & McLellan. Construction began three years later in 1932 and was completed in 1936. The scheme was made viable by the recent formation of the National Grid which made generation of electricity in remote areas useful.

The total cost of the scheme was around three million pounds. At a cost of £29 per kilowatt of installed capacity, they were some of the least costly stations ever built in the UK.

Hydro power was particularly helpful to this grid because of its ability to be turned on and off very quickly to meet peak demands (in contrast to oil and coal stations), and to meet the natural increase during the more energy demanding winter months.

Hydroelectric power scheme in Tong land (inside)

Hydroelectric power scheme in Tong land (outside)

The dam of Hydroelectric power scheme

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