Energy Policy The European Dimension ESRC Energy Research Conference Policy Studies Institute....
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![Page 1: Energy Policy The European Dimension ESRC Energy Research Conference Policy Studies Institute. London, March 31, 2003. Prof. Aviel Verbruggen University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083010/5697c0281a28abf838cd6a9c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Energy PolicyThe European Dimension
ESRC Energy Research Conference
Policy Studies Institute. London, March 31, 2003.
Prof. Aviel Verbruggen
University of Antwerp (UA-STEM)
![Page 2: Energy Policy The European Dimension ESRC Energy Research Conference Policy Studies Institute. London, March 31, 2003. Prof. Aviel Verbruggen University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083010/5697c0281a28abf838cd6a9c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Contents
1. The ‘European Dimension’2. Sustainable Development &
Markets3. Energy Security and Policy Focus4. Changing Research Agenda5. Policy Making Capabilities
![Page 3: Energy Policy The European Dimension ESRC Energy Research Conference Policy Studies Institute. London, March 31, 2003. Prof. Aviel Verbruggen University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083010/5697c0281a28abf838cd6a9c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
EU Policy Making
Council of Ministers
EU Parliament
EUCommission
Market CredoInd. lobbyists
Societal lobbyism
Nationalinterests
Directives: implementation by Member States
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EU Energy Policy Making
InternalMarket &
Competition
EU Energy Policy
SustainableDevelopment
Accomodate different (opposite)
interests
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Definition of Sustainable Development
Meet the needs of the present + allow future generations to meet own needs
•Welfare growth for the poor•Redistribution of natural resources in a fair way
•Populations•Accumulation of wealth
•Use of natural resources•Destination of investments•Technological development•Institutions
Goal
Change
Growth Control
Redistribution
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Sust.Dev. : 4 Dimensions
Environ-ment
Social
(Democracy)
Economics
![Page 7: Energy Policy The European Dimension ESRC Energy Research Conference Policy Studies Institute. London, March 31, 2003. Prof. Aviel Verbruggen University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083010/5697c0281a28abf838cd6a9c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Sustainable Development Challenges answered by Energy Policy
Sustainable Devel.
Redistribution
Resource use
Investments
Technology
Institutions
Energy Policy Answers
Wealth growth first + aid programmes
Promote Energy EfficiencyEnergy Taxes (?)
Subsidies for Renewables,CHP, etc.
R&D Renewables, Efficienttechniques
Markets bring salvation
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Competition and regulation
UnbundleFunctions
Trans-parancy
Regulationby Function
Harmon-ising
Competition
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Energy Security=
Energy SUPPLY security
Shift from Central fossil-nuclear Supply to• renewable solutions• distributed resources• energy demand reduction
is taking off slowly
“Energy Security = Guaranteed Services”
When?
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Fossil-nuclear Demand Reduction
Energy use = {number of people}. {GDP/capita}.{energy/GDP}
Demand Reduction = [growth control]. [conservation].[energy efficiency]
Conservation is positive (less traffic jams, stress, obesity, ...) or negative (curtailed aspirations, redistribution discussions, ...)
Efficiency is always positive!
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0,00
0,02
0,04
0,06
0,08
0,10
0,12
0,14
0,16
0,18
0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0 1,2
Electricity intensity (kWh per $US GDP)
Ele
ctri
city
pri
ce (
wei
gh
ted
ave
rag
e in
du
stri
al a
nd
do
mes
tic)
$/k
Wh
Denmark
Czech RepublicPoland
United States
Belgium
Switzerland
Japan
Slovakia
OECD (1998) Demand Curve for Electricity Efficiency
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Conclusions for Energy Policy
• Energy Efficiency requires Long-term TAX POLICY
• Energy BILLS remain about constant in any tax regime
• Conservation must take over when Efficiency hits the ceiling
• Growth control must follow
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Technology & Politics
TechnicalFixes
HumanDimension
Politics
Efficiency
Conservation
Growth control
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Conclusions Energy Research
• Energy too much the business of engineers and business economists
• The ‘human and social’ dimensions are more and more important, e.g.:*social and democratic sustainability*blueprints and back-casting*limits on wealth hoarding*preserving cultural diversity, etc…
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Energy Public Policy Capabilities
• Regulatory Capabilities
• Public Energy Agencies
• Independent Expertise
• Public Dialogue … uneven and … far too weak in most EU nations