Energy Harvesting for Wireless Devices

7/25/2019 Energy Harvesting for Wireless Devices

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Energy Harvestingfor Wireless

DevicesSubmitted byR Sandhya LakshmiGuided by

K Sreelakshmi


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OverviewOverview of Energy Harvesting

What is wireless power transmissionW!"#$

Why W!"$"ypes of W!""e%hni&ues to transfer energy wirelessly

'dvantages and disadvantages of W!"

'ppli%ations!ra%ti%al (hallenges

(on%lusion

Referen%es


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What is W!"$"he transmission of energy from one pla%e to

another without using wires

(onventional energy transfer is using wires+ut, the wireless transmission is made

possible by using various te%hnologies


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Why W!"$'s per studies, most ele%tri%al energy transfer is

through wires-

.ost of the energy loss is during transmission

On an average, more than /01

)n )ndia, it e2%eeds 301

4ses of W!"5Reliable

E6%ient

7ast

Low maintenan%e %ost

(an be used for short8range or long8range-


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"ypes and "e%hnologies

of W!"*ear89eld te%hni&ues)ndu%tive (oupling

Resonant )ndu%tive (oupling(apa%itive %oupling

7ar89eld te%hni&ues.i%rowave !ower "ransmission .!"#

L'SER power transmission


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)ndu%tive %oupling!rimary and se%ondary %oils are not

%onne%ted with wires-

Energy transfer is due to .utual )ndu%tion


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)ndu%tive %oupling

%ontd:#"ransformer is an e2ample

Energy transfer devi%es are usually air8%ored

Wireless (harging !adW(!#,ele%tri% brushesare some e2amples

On a W(!, the devi%es are to be kept, batterywill be automati%ally %harged-


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)ndu%tive

%oupling%ontd:#Ele%tri% brush also %harges using indu%tive %oupling

"he %harging pad primary %oil# and thedevi%ese%ondary %oil# have to be kept very near to

ea%h other)t is preferred be%ause it is %omfortable-

Less use of wires

Sho%k proof

;rawba%ks5Short range-

"he re%eiver must be dire%tly ad


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Resonan%e )ndu%tive (ouplingR)(#(ombination of indu%tive %oupling and

resonan%e

Resonan%e makes two ob


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R)(%ontd--#(oil provides the indu%tan%e

(apa%itor is %onne%ted parallel to the %oil

Energy will be shifting ba%k and forth betweenmagneti% 9eld surrounding the %oil andele%tri% 9eld around the %apa%itor

Radiation loss will be negligible


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'dvantages of near89eld te%hni&ues*o wires

*o e8waste

*eed for battery is eliminatedE6%ient energy transfer using R)(

Harmless, if 9eld strengths under safety levels

.aintenan%e %ost is less


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;isadvantages;istan%e %onstraint

7ield strengths have to be under safety levels

)nitial %ost is high)n R)(, tuning is di6%ult

High fre&uen%y signals must be the supply


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7ar89eld energy transferRadiative

*eeds line8of8sight

L'SER or mi%rowave'ims at high power transfer


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.i%rowave !ower "ransfer.!"#"ransfers high power from one pla%e to

another- "wo pla%es being in line of sightusually

Steps5Ele%tri%al energy to mi%rowave energy

(apturing mi%rowaves using re%tenna

.i%rowave energy to ele%tri%al energy


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.!" %ontd:#'( %an not be dire%tly %onverted to

mi%rowave energy

'( is %onverted to ;( 9rst

;( is %onverted to mi%rowaves usingmagnetron

"ransmitted waves are re%eived at re%tenna

whi%h re%ti9es, gives ;( as the output;( is %onverted ba%k to '(


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L'SER "ransmissionL'SER is highly dire%tional, %oherent

*ot dispersed for very long

+ut, gets attenuated when it propagatesthrough atmosphere

Simple re%eiver!hotovoltai% %ell

(ost8e6%ient


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L'SER vs- .!"When L'SER is used, the antenna si=es %an

be mu%h smaller

.i%rowaves %an fa%e interferen%e twofre&uen%ies %an be used for W!" are >-3?GH=and ?-3GH=#

L'SER has high attenuation loss and also it

gets di@ra%ted by atmospheri% parti%les easily


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'dvantages of far89eld energy

transferE6%ient

Easy

*eed for grids, substations et% are eliminatedLow maintenan%e %ost

.ore e@e%tive when the transmitting andre%eiving points are along a line8of8sight

(an rea%h the pla%es whi%h are remote


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;isadvantages of far89eld energy

transferRadiative

*eeds line8of8sight

)nitial %ost is highWhen L'SERs are used,%onversion is ine6%ient

'bsorption loss is high

When mi%rowaves are used,interferen%e may arise

7R)E; +)R; e@e%t


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'ppli%ations*ear89eld energy transferEle%tri% automobile %harging Stati% and moving

(onsumer ele%troni%s

)ndustrial purposes Harsh environment

7ar89eld energy transferSolar !ower Satellites

Energy to remote areas

(an broad%ast energy globally in future#


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R7 energy harvesting

devi%e


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Receiver Architecture

DesignsSeparated re%eiver ar%hite%ture

(o8lo%ated re%eiver ar%hite%ture

"ime swit%hing ar%hite%ture!ower splitting ar%hite%ture

)ntegrated re%eiver ar%hite%ture


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Separated Re%eiver 'r%hite%ture E&uips an energy harvester and information re%eiver with

independent antennas so that they observe di@erent %hannels-


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"ime Swit%hing

'r%hite%ture


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!ower Swit%hing

'r%hite%ture


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)ntegrated Re%eiver 'r%hite%ture


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'ppli%ations of Energy HarvestingWireless Sensor *etworks

Wireless body network

R7);Low8power mobile devi%esEle%troni% wat%hes

Hearing aids

.!/ playersWireless keyboard and mouse


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!ra%ti%al (hallenges"ransfer distan%e

High gain antenna

.inimi=e )mpedan%e .ismat%hR78to8;( %onversion E6%ien%y

Si=e of embedded devi%es

Sensitivity


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(on%lusionsadvantages: 7ree energy

Wireless energy transfer !ortable devi%es

Disadvantages:

Low power density environment#

Low e6%ien%y R7>R7#

High e6%ien%y %onversion 8 %ompli%ated system

Limitation of )S. band


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Referen%esL- R- Aarshney, B"ransporting information and energy

simultaneouslyC

.- 'l8Lawati, .- 'l8+usaidi, and D- *adir, BR7 energy

harvesting system design for wireless sensorsCW- .- ;- R- Gunathilaka, G- G- (- .- Gunasekara, H-

G- (- !- ;inesh, K- .- .- W- *- *arampanawe, and - A-Wi


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Thank You

Energy Harvesting for Wireless Devices

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