Energy Flow - Food Chains/Webs
Transcript of Energy Flow - Food Chains/Webs
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Unit 4: Energy FlowObjective #1: Interrelationships and energy flow within a food chain and food web
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Levels of Organization• The biosphere is where all life exists• Ecosystems include living (biotic) and
non-living (abiotic) factors
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Levels of Organization• Populations consist of organisms of the
same species living in an area• Communities have several populations in
an area
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Energy Flow
• Living things need energy• For growth, reproduction, metabolic
processes• No energy No life!• Where does energy come from?
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Energy Flow: Producers
• The SUN provides energy• Producers make food
(autotrophic)• Plants and some bacteria
are photosynthetic• Some bacteria are
chemosynthetic
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Energy Flow: Consumers• Heterotrophs rely on other organisms for
their energy • ie: herbivores, carnivores, omnivores,
scavengers, decomposers, and detritivores
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Food Chains• Energy is transferred through an
ecosystem when organisms eat or are eaten
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Trophic Levels • Feeding levels in a food chain or web• 1st Trophic Level – Producers• 2nd Trophic Level – 1st Order (Primary) Consumer…ETC
• Each consumer depends on the trophic level below it for energy!
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Section 3-2
Figure 3-8 A Food Web
Food Web
• Many food chains together form a food web
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Pyramid of Energy• 10% of the energy at one trophic level is
available to the organisms at the next level.
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Biomass Pyramid• The amount of living tissue and
thus potential food• Typically the greatest biomass is
at the base
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Pyramid of Numbers• Relative number of individual
organisms at each level• In certain ecosystems, it is NOT
pyramid shaped